Medical Acid Base and ABGs Explained Clearly by MedCram.com | 2 of 8

[@medicinaP2010]

what he is trying to say is that if we think that in the body there is a net charge of 0, that means that there is one cation for every anion. the sum of the most important cations renders a number that must be equal to the sum of the most important anions. the difference between those sums is the anion gap which represents 12 anions that are not accounted in the chem7 that are mostly in the form of phosphate and albumin. hope it helps

[@tamousha]

Im a swedish student of specialist nursing and I just want to express how great these videos are! I finally understood what I have been stuggling with for hours reading books.The video with its mind map layout was perfect for me and my learning though. I also posted the link to all of my classmates. Keep up the good work! :D

[@Medcram]

See the whole series at www.medcram.com along with other top quality videos including reviews in pulmonary, cardiology, infectious disease, and hematology!

[@SaharAleeKoloukani]

that anion gap problem solved for good. courtesy of you! Great.

[@hotfoot214]

Dr S you are the absolute best.I have taught this subject for years...and know understand it better and will be able to pass this on to my students...thank you ...this is a mitzvah" in the Jewish religion....GOD bless you

[@krutika88]

wonderful lecture series Dr. Seheult. The beauty is in your simplicity.

[@reahnonya8578]

I can't say THANK YOU loud enough. Going back to school for FNP and have one week to "review" acid base. I don't think I ever actually comprehended it before. I am not one to have anxiety or panic attacks, but I think I had one coming on last night before I discovered this series. Not out of the woods yet, but I think I am seeing the sunlight through the trees and I'm just on video 2.

[@Medcram]

+'Reah Nonya Thanks for the comment and hope the rest of the series continued to clarify Acid Base for you.

[@lisatowe778]

I have wished someone could explain this to me for decades in a way I could process it, the WHY and HOW are necessary for me to really know something. Thank you!

[@mariselaporras712]

I love your lectures!!! I can hear your voice all day long, so soothing and relaxing

[@mariacuocci6033]

I really love the way you explain things! Thank you for your help!

[@rosseannecruz5201]

You’re my best professor 👨‍🏫

[@mohammedelfadil5859]

i get the concept of anion gap metabolic acidosis very clear now thanQ so much :)

[@rdseheult]

The equation is Albumin X3 = predicted anion gap. Unfortunetly, the answer (12) was written underneath the underlined equation making it look like the "12" was part of the equation - which it was not.

[@noemiv866]

Thank you for taking your time with these videos! You're an awesome teacher!

[@kellyclinton1691]

Thanks for the great explanation of anion gap acid base problems..

[@zeeshanmansuri3714]

Finally I understood anion gap! Thank you!

[@Katiebangs]

Excellent video! I'm confused as to why the CO2 in the Chem 7 actually reflects the HCO3-, but it is not this way in the ABGs? Does it have to do with the arterial vs venous blood?

[@Medcram]

+KO Katie no it’s the way they measure the samples. Co2=hco3 but not pco2

[@IsabelleJ84]

Another awesome lecture, is it possible to have transcription of the lectures to read for review?

[@Medcram]

+Isabelle Joseph We are working on that. I'm thinking about a comprehensive review in each category - A printed syllabus perhaps. Look for it in the future.

[@giovasags]

Many many thanks from Italy! I understood you much more that i did with my italian teachers. It was so simple!!

[@duraivengatesan9674]

You got a great voice doc..I'm so confused with acid base balance.thank you fr ur videos...

[@christineolinghouse2038]

thank for making this information available. Clinically, how important is factoring albumin into your assessment of anion gap? Is pre-albumin more reflective ? We typicially treat DKA with IV insulin until the AG is less than 12, but if the albumin is low, should we take a different approach?

[@eileeny.137]

Nice, simple, easy to understand and straight forward.

[@danichols7]

Hey Doc, Nurse here applying to anesthesia school. Question for you. As I understand it, when carbonic acid dissociates into bicarb and a hydrogen proton, the bicarb exits the blood cell into the serum and the hydrogen binds with hemoglobin. (Correct??) Now, let's assume a patient is in respiratory distress. Since, the patient would not exchange gas as readily, wouldn't the bicarb still linger in the serum?? I'm just wondering where the bicarb goes in respiratory depression. It seems to me the bicarb wouldn't convert back into CO2 so it would linger and help to buffer against acidosis.

[@stephaniefabara2520]

I really needed something or someone who explain this to me! I really love your work. Thanks!!

[@tahakhidr]

Awesome lecture. Thanks!

[@caseybrown3884]

Thank you for yet another great lecture! Thanks for teaching me about some of these former mysteries.

[@Bahar1370]

thank you so so much for all these series.

[@darkdogisout]

Dear Dr. Rogers, I was hoping if you could help me with the following questions regarding this video. 1 Why is the typical anion gap 12 and not 16? 2. is the example where you explain that a surplus of acid and its conjugated base will raise the AG. This is because the H+ steals the HCO3- and thus the AG will rise. Then you tell that a loss of HCO3- will not result in a increased AG. That I do not understand. HCO3- will disappear and then the AG must increase too? What am I doing wrong here?

[@ibrahimstudy]

is the equation for predicted Anion Gap on on time: 15:26 correct? if your albumin is 2, then your expected Anion gap should be 6, not 6/12=0.5 ?

[@marusyaivanova5336]

Thank You!

[@sreejith.skumar9829]

thanks for the videos sir... you are great

[@MrA91000-medical-etc]

Excuse me, approximatelly at 10:55, Albumin is ~ 4 mg/dL or ~ 4 g/dL ??? Please reply! Thanks! Happy New Year 2020!

[@dominicvaldes]

very nice explanation

[@DelenaLambert]

Thank you, sir for this amazing explanation. Yesterday I was losing hope of understanding that anion gap thing. I just have a question to make sure I understand this correctly: Is the reason the anion gap rises when negative conjugate bases are created is because the body seeks to be neutral so positive charges (e.g. Na+) are produced on the other side? And the reason it doesn't rise when bicarbonate is just lost because no negative charge is being produced so no extra positive charge is being produced??? Did I get this correctly?

[@DelenaLambert]

I get it now. If in a metabolic acidosis lactate is produced it replaces a part of the bicarbonate. That means that the anion gap rises. If bicarbonate is lost through diarrhea for example the NaCl retention rises. That means that the amount of bicarbonate lost gets replaced by Cl-... which is why the anion gap doesn't really change much.

[@AnotherBadyoga]

damn, these are great lectures

[@constantion305]

I wish you did a shorter video series for this because it too time consuming going through these video a few hours before an exam. However thank you very much and your work is always awesome.

[@sfgox10]

This helped me so much.

[@Medcram]

***** Good to hear- thank you for the feedback

[@joaosoares3719]

When you lose HCO3- just by losing it the concentration of Cl- will rise (to maintain electrical neutrality). I presume that's the reason why you don't have a delta gap in these situations... Where does that Cl- come from? And why doesn't it rise when you lose HCO3- by combining it with a proton?

[@gggggggggg-uc3ss]

Chloride shift

[@neciromar2484]

what that means cl shift wher is come frome

[@hosam.eldin.bebars]

many many thanx for your great effort

[@Medcram]

Hosam Eldin Bebars you are welcome. thank you for the comment

[@onlyfact7535]

but if the albumin is =2 shouldn't the anion gap =10? 11:14

[@gggggggggg-uc3ss]

Normal albumin is 4, you take half of it = 2 ... Normal anion gap is 12, you take half of it, = 6

[@onlyfact7535]

thank you

[@joshuathompson9477]

No... He gets 6 by multiplying albumin (2) with 3 as expected anion gap=albumin * 3 In the given case albumin was 2 Thus 2*3= 6

[@Bahar1370]

what are the unit for the numbers you are using? THANKS

[@pratiikkaushik8285]

He uses mg/dl.

[@joandawood6981]

thanks a lot !!

[@MrAldosteron]

So if some body has got hypoalbuminemia due to any reason , the predicted anion gap will be less .. so the pt will suffer from metabolic acidosis >> is that true?

[@rdseheult]

Happy Sabbath!

[@rdseheult]

The AG rises because the conjugate base rises and is not in the second column of the chem 7. H+ stealing the HCO3 BY ITSELF doesn't increase the AG its the negatively charged conjugate base that does this. If the H+ doesn't come from a conjugate base the AG won't increase - this is called a non anion GAP metabolic acidosis: most commonly loss of bicarb (HCO3).

[@VM325Xi]

Great video, I just got a lil confused with this.. Bicarb up... met alkalosis..Bicarb.. down..metabolic acidosis.. why with the Pco2 is inverse... Pco2 up resp acidosis Pco2 down... respiratory alkalosis.?.. why is this inverse?. thx.

[@elliebucher2307]

+Victor Moncada pCO2 is an acid, HCO- is a base.

[@foreverrlive]

+Victor Moncada pco2 is same thing as H+, as they dissociate. so when u have high CO2, u have H+ (hydrogen atoms are acidic, low pH)

[@eknath9999]

Excellent ........ Thank u.....

[@zandroredoble597]

Why does the K+ not included in the calculation of an ion gap? why Na? and why does in Chem 7 it only inlcudes. Na K Cl CHO3 BUN CR and Glucose? thanks more power

[@mahmooddr]

more 12 negatively charged molecules? But anion gap of 12 is in favor of cations not the anions...

[@lieseltower4913]

Why is the anion gap not 16?

[@maureennkwadi]

liesel tower My prof too told me the nion gap is 16. So I don´t understand why it is 12 here. But his explanations are really good.

[@Medcram]

liesel tower Thank you for the comment. We've corrected the example at about 7:00 in the video to show the Cl at 104 which would give an anion gap value of 12.

[@AzureLance]

MEDCRAMvideos Not sure if there's a delay or in another video but heads up, It still says 100 (Cl)

[@akshaymishra9160]

anion gap has a range of 8-16 mEq/L

[@rdseheult]

no. hypoalbuminemia doesn't cause metacolic acidosis

[@eslamelsherbeny6240]

why you sau that 12 formed by negative charges despite Na is 140 ...shouldn't it 12 positive charger or what!!!!

[@Medcram]

+Eslam Elsherbeny there are 12 more positive charges with na k and co2. Therefore there are 12 negative charges out there not accounted for. That is the anion gap.

[@unrivaled37]

i love you