Microwave Plasma Torch

[@skyzip4k171]

This is the closest to lightsabers

[@mathewmcdonald3657]

Got to rewatch this later tonight when I’m done working

[@ryanhewett1663]

one more step closer to a light saber

[@johnnycash4034]

What temperature does the plasma reach? Also what level of ionization? Thanks

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

It reach up to almost 1000 C , We didn't measured electron density.

[@Tecnitalia55.]

Hi it is possible that I have more info concerning the system you showed in the video. I mean a full view of the system, which is currently not visible. Greetings from the city of Cremona Italy

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Hi, all elements are clear in top nail picture except the dimensions. It constructed based on standard waveguide dimensions for 2.45 GHz, I forget the standard name but you can find it in internet. Moreover I used COMSOL Multiphysics software to find maximum position of electric field at the center part of waveguide, the moving plunger at the end of waveguide has a rough effect on impedance matching it is possible to remove second tapered part. Besides that the hight of microwave antenna with respect to bottom of waveguide has a major effect on the matching of impedance and reduces the reflected toward antenna. The rest of the system is microwave oven :)

[@gregistopal]

Oh my god it’s a light saber

[@nolandavis6821]

Hey I’m looking for any avenues to research on what gases can be used I read that you can use argon, neon, and helium from other comments. I’m wondering how you found that’s what works?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Experimentally, helium works better than neon and neon works better than argon. You can easily initiate the plasma using helium

[@oligould8575]

been wondering about how possible it would be to build this into some kind of iron man style glove... I've seen so many bad attempts to replicate the iron man hand blaster... but if this can somehow be engineered to fit in a glove, it might not provide the thrust we need for takeoff, but its a hell of a lot closer and cooler than anything else I've seen actually I have an old microwave laying around, and a room I could effectively shield for some experiments... I might get to work lol

[@BrapBrapDorito]

Apparently a version with an added RF torch and propelling nozzle can create decent thrust

[@cashtraprecords5469]

No thats a waste to put it in a glove it needs to be put in a arc reactor because it's generating what the suit needs to be powered

[@arkohmay]

@@cashtraprecords5469 atmospheric or air-breathing microwave plasma torch/jet is a propulsion system, not a power source.

[@arkohmay]

@@BrapBrapDorito I'm intrigued, where have you seen this "other version?"

[@arkohmay]

I already made one, so if you discover anything new, let's bounce off ideas ;)

[@alemu6862]

...since before laser was maser, following same path, this "mwave saber" becoming the light saber...

[@nolandavis6821]

Also wondering, whether te, tem, or he are responsible for producing heat within the waveguide. I’m assuming te. That said wouldn’t it be possible to use an infared camera with the tuner installed. Use that to adjust accordingly?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

What do you mean by "te"? Transverse Electric field?

[@nolandavis6821]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ yeah transverse. I’m not entirely sure what those terms mean. I went ahead and tried to make a waveguide for myself, drilling the final holes today we’ll see if it works! I’m wondering why only noble gases work, does it have something to do with the ion mass or something, I plan on giving it a go with propane I can’t seem to find a reason why propane wouldn’t work.

[@nolandavis6821]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ I figured propane would work since it will already be a partial plasma if I ignite it.

[@whiterose648]

Hello Abolfazl, Basically I want to make microwave steam plasma torch but my background is not physics so my questions are not academics. What kind of working gas do you use for your plasma torch and their supplying pressure and volume? Is the copper tube surrounding the lower part of the quartz tube used to cool the quartz tube or any other purpose? Could you explain the method of flame ignition? Is there any formula to calculate the dimension of wave guide based on magnetron’s power (kw)? For wave guide tuning with plunger, Is there any documentation. Many thanks for considering my questions.

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

regarding to your question: 1- In this video I used neon but is is possible run the torch using either helium or argon, helium and neon are expensive gases so I recommend you to use the argon. The pressure is atmospheric pressure and honestly I don't remember the exact gas rate but you can easily measure it using a simple flowmeter. 2 - surrounding the quartz tube yes that's copper. It has two functionality: a) cooling the quartz tube and waveguide b) holder of quartz tube. In the other version of torch I used the the cooling system inside the waveguide (water cooling). 3 - the flame ignition is automatic, if you look at the waveguide you can see that it is tapered therefore cross section of waveguide is narrow at the middle. Quartz tube is place at this narrowed region, at there electromagnetics wave that radiate from magnetron antenna become compressed consequently we have enhancement in the electric field. this field is strong enough to breakdown the carrier gas that flow inside the tube. 5- The dimension of waveguide is related to the radiated frequency of antenna. As it clear from the video, I used commercial microwave oven antenna that radiate the wave in 2.45 GHz. If you search you easily find the standard dimension of waveguide in each frequency. 6 - based on the experience that I got from this torch the plunger has rough effect on the tuning of the power, so you can put away the plunger part with carful designing of the waveguide and cut your waveguide at the end of narrowed region. Good luck with your torch and don't hesitate to ask any other question.

[@whiterose648]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ Thank you for your reply. Regarding wave guide dimension, if I use commercial microwave oven antenna(2.45 GHz) with tapered wr340 wave guide, Is there any formula to find out the maximum power(Kw) I can put in the wave guide. for example, Can I use 3kw magnetron with tapered wr340 wave guide. Do you provide kind of consulting? Thank you.

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

The commercial antenna's power is 1-1.2 kW and it is safe to use wr340 waveguide. I am not sure that is there 3kW antenna or not. when you increase antenna's power you should take into account the narrow region gap should be higher in comparison to using of 1.2kW antenna. Yes I can provide consultation.

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

And for calculating EM wave power density at each part of waveguide and also finding field distribution, I am usually use simulation.

[@whiterose648]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ There are a few brand of 3Kw antenna are available in the market, some of them are water cooled. 3kw antenna require shingle phase with full rectified power supply. I modified 1.2Kw household microwave oven to provide three-phase power to the antenna and received almost 3 times of microwave output. This test was done by heating water. I need some help to design wave guide. Please email me if you are OK. Thank you.

[@xtremerv3574]

Hello Abolfazi, I have a question regarding the state of the plasma. Is it negatively charged would it be attracted to a positively charged cathode? Can you speak to this or better make a video demonstrating if this phenomenon works?

[@manoo2056]

it is quasi-neutral, I would be more worried if it is cold enough to place cathode next to it. Because this is an atmospheric pressure plasma, depending on gas Tg > 1500 K. A biased wall has some effects on it, but you better search for paperd. I think your key words are: biased plasma or DC and microwave plasma. I assume you are talking about combining this with a cathode, and not the well known cathode anode based plasmas.

[@xtremerv3574]

@@manoo2056 I am familiar with BIAS Enhanced nucleation in microwave plasma applications. The plasma coupled inside the reactor reacts to a negative biased by “pancaking” towards the substrate. I wouldn’t worry about heat if you are using molybdenum plates. Target heat range is 900-1200C. I would be worried that the torch doesn’t get the substrate hot enough. Anyways I am looking to demonstrate this phenomenon experimentally and if anyone has a downstream plasma torch I would be happy to work with them. Thanks!

[@ahmadalkady5790]

I have a number of questions in regarding this project as I am trying to do it myself How did you manufacture the waveguide and what material is it made of. Also did you shield it or no. How long did it take to be manufactured Thank you

[@RabenKaiser]

I'm interested as well. I would like to test somethings it seems interesting

[@arcomaynes4824]

Practically metals like copper, brass, steel, aluminum, and many other metals can be used to construct the waveguide. Metals with low bulk resistivity. Technically you could use plastic lol. (Just wouldn't work as well as a metal)

[@arcomaynes4824]

As long as there aren't cracks for microwaves to escape into the outer environment no necessary "shielding" is needed, as the microwaves are contained within the waveguide apparatus.

[@arkohmay]

What was used to assemble or connect the individual metal components and plates? They look like maybe screws with weird caps on them?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

All parts is connected using screw.

[@arkohmay]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ what specific kind of screws because they don’t look like ordinary screw to me 😅

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

@@arkohmay oval head screw

[@ryanhewett1663]

can you change the color of the plasma?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Plasma color depends on the working gas, in this video neon gas was used.

[@pleaseyourselfsir]

@Abolfazl Mahmoodpoor , Do you have any photos on google drive or Mega Upload you can share please ? I am trying to figure out what is in the centre of the flame , a tube ? and what does this tube lead to at the bottom ? Any highly detailed photos would be great if you can add them here . Also , Can this Plasma flame be more powerful , I notice in the comment section that define creative creates 1000 degrees Centigrade , but can this be more stronger ?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

I can provide the details here. About the the center of flame, indeed it's a quartz tube for guiding the working gas through the waveguide. This tube is connected to the suppling gas capsule from the bottom. Yes, the plasma can be intensive and high temperature by using powerful magnetron antenna.

[@pleaseyourselfsir]

@Abolfazl Mahmoodpoor what kind of gas did you use ? will any gas work ? Where did you get the quartz tube from ? 👍

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

In the video working gas is the neon, but it can works either helium or argon gas. Quartz tube indeed is fused silica, It's commercially available in everywhere that sold laboratory glasses

[@udayk8278]

Hi sir, how to initiate the plasma

[@hiteshjivani5521]

Can you advise me how make plasma system?

[@genghizalseitov3807]

Hi, Sir how you get ignition of torch?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Hi, the ignition is automatic because the working gas is neon and making electric discharge in neon is easy, but in the case of argon gas a tesla coil can used for ignition

[@genghizalseitov3807]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ Thank you Sir.

[@genghizalseitov3807]

Sir hope you good. I have 1 more question, there is reflected power, can you give advise, in case you have idea, how to measure it, is there devices for it?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Hi, for measuring the reflected or transmitted power there is commercial devise known as directional coupler, please google it! It is not too hard for construction, may be the most hard part is calibration of it

[@genghizalseitov3807]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ God bless you Sir, about microwaves to get constructive info or feedback quite difficult in open sources, hope you continue your researchs on it, thank you again Sir 😊.

[@bigorange7258]

Hi, Abolfazi! Excellent work! I have a couple of questions related to DIY the plasma torch. 1. How do you choose the dimensions of the tapered cross-section of the waveguide? 2. Is it OK that there exists a very small gap between the quartz tube and the waveguide? 3. How much did it cost your to build the whole system?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

1- Dimension of waveguide is chooses from standard waveguide in 2.45 GHz, then the tapered area gap is optimized by FDTD simulation to minimize the reflected power, plasma in this simulation considered using Drude model. 2- it is better to avoid any small gap between different part of the waveguide, they should be fitted well 3- the costs of material and construction was something about 1000 USD (microwave antenna and power supply, material of waveguide and construction of it using CNC machine, neon gas and capsule, quartz tube and water cooling system)

[@bigorange7258]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ Thanks a lot for the quick reply, Abolfazl! I'd like to request your consultation in constructing an atmospheric plasma torch. Could you please give me your email address? Thanks!

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

@@bigorange7258 [e-mail]

[@en2oh]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ have you published the specific details of your torch ie dimensions? Thanks for sharing this information!

[@rayfrye3374]

Is it possible to get a drawing or plans for the torch?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Actually yes, but the drawings and 3D plans are not free

[@racheldewees487]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ how much?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

@@racheldewees487 ‌please send an email to me and explain about the application of the torch that you need and other characteristics like nominal power, working gas, discharge tube (atmospheric or sealed law pressure) and....

[@racheldewees487]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ sure, what's your email?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

@@racheldewees487 [e-mail]

[@adi.olteanu.1982]

Beginner here That is only microwave.... without the electron gun?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Yes, it works without initiating electron gun

[@pro.empire]

what the plasma temperature

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

@@pro.empire I've not measured it directly, it depends on gas flow and input power but typically local temperature is high, in order of several thousands of degree of centigrade

[@soupflood]

May the FORCE be with you

[@ryanhewett1663]

not kidding.

[@altruf]

why use it?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

It can have a lot of application, like gas spectroscopy or contamination free torch in chemistry, because it's electrode less

[@en2oh]

@@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_ there is also a paper out that details a plasma torch with an inert shielding gas that produces significant quantities of graphene ... I've seen this done without the moving wall on the other side of the torch head. I suspect tuning/matching would be done with one or two tuning stubs but I'm not certain.

[@Cdg8484]

👀👀👀👀🤔🤔🤔🤔💥💥💥

[@smde1]

You have invented the already invented : Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma ionization tube...... now what ?! This kind of thing is useful for metallurgical analysis. and spectroscopic lab work. See ICAP.

[@en2oh]

I found the academic paper that this appears to be based on

[@StonemanRocks]

Think its hot?

[@abolfazlmahmoodpoor_]

Yes