I like the video, only some observations: 0:48 - We can pass { timestamps: true } as the second argument of schema constructor, instead of making manually 'createdAt' field. 10:00 - We can use a well known property { unique: true } inside field's configuration, instead of creating a custom validator for this purpose, but we have to do it before inserting the first document into collection, otherwise it won't work! 14:43 - I think you should log "savedBook" object, which is a response from mongoose, instead of "newBook", which is an unsaved object, created before executing save() function.