Mu'tazili 4 - Murji'ah

[@anjumrehmankhan1707]

محترم سَر، آپ کا بہت شُکریہ۔ مؤدبانہ گُزارش ہے کہ اگلی ایپی سوڈ جلد لے آئیے گا۔ آپ کے لیکچرز متواتر سنتا ہوں اور علم میں اضافہ پاتا ہوں۔ اللہ پاک آپ کو صحت والی لمبی زندگی دے۔ آمین۔

[@jamilkhan715]

عمدہ تشریح۔اللہ آپ کو اس کا جزا دے۔۔جو انسان امن کا پرچار کرے وہ یقینا اللہ کے قریب ہوا

[@TheSarban77]

پروفیسر صاحب معتزلہ تک پہنچتے پہنچتے ھم متزلزل ھو جائیں گے۔

[@NizarAlvi90]

That is a good sign.

[@atiqahmad2018]

کیا کمال معلومات فراہم کی ہیں آپ نے اس ویڈیو میں۔۔۔۔۔

[@bamboo123456able]

Sir g logon ko daramay ki episode ka intezar hota hai or mujhay apki episode ka.sub say achi BAAT you are doing a neutral analysis.

[@musicallyfreesounds]

good work taimoor bhai, keep up

[@MeryAaqaMerymola]

بہت خوب ڈاکٹر اقبال

[@salmandard136]

Can you please give refrence of murji'ah belief of shirk included belief in finality of prophet. (7:00) as explaied in your video ?

[@muhammadusman-vu2uo]

Eagerly waiting for next part

[@umairminhas]

بہت خوب بہت اعلی گفتگو

[@umerhayat1590]

Thank you so much for providing us with this precious content 🎉

[@rajamuzammilhassanhassan2373]

thanku sir i am waiting for this series

[@saqibjahangir9219]

Great job Dr. Sb, eagerly waiting for next part.

[@sameerkhanday3776]

Kindly start s detailed series on Muslim Philosophy

[@6-2001]

You make a good and informative videos that educate the people in true way without propaganda. When you put any information related to islam like hadees. Ayat,waqiya please mention references.❤❤❤❤❤

[@ChShabab-c7t]

بہت خوب جناب

[@MarkhorMughal]

Aj fir mene he dekhi ha video sab se pehly 😊😊😊

[@sheezanAbuAbraham]

Bhai bohat ehsaan kardiya. Aap farigh hi itney ho

[@MarkhorMughal]

@@sheezanAbuAbraham me ap se mukhatib ni tha me doctor sahab ko bol rha tha janab mazrat

[@fahadjavaid7336]

tu champ hai Bhai. cha Gaya shehzaday

[@MarkhorMughal]

@@fahadjavaid7336 okay

[@waseemijaz4087]

Amazing series

[@humadasghar7964]

Really insightful. Haven't seen the bibliography list however, Mustafa Akyol's Reopening Muslim Minds is a great narrative on this topic.

[@Taimur_Laal]

@@humadasghar7964 yes I’ve read it.

[@PJI1947]

Please make it one hour lecture ,I am really impressed .

[@aamirabdullah2503]

کیا واہیات قسم کے عقائد تھے اس وقت اور آج بھی ایسی ہی صورتحال ہے

[@armaanzikria7019]

Sir ma to 2 3 Saal SE aap k intellectual level Ka fan hn. Kaash k kbi Moka mily aap KO live sunny Ka.

[@box9729]

I have been following you since 2021. We will meet someday, we will talk.

[@babarazam900]

Good work ❤

[@Theqamar777]

great

[@salali09]

Yes enjoyed

[@RajaAfaqIltaf1]

Super

[@sajjadhussain4877]

All the schools of thoughts you described, still exist in present era as well with terminology changes. Especially this one is and was well professed by صوفیا اکرام of subcontonent. These day Ramidi sahab also tows the same idea.

[@sheikhhashimi5082]

باقاعدگی سے سماعت کرتا ہوں، کیونکہ آپ انداز منفرد و نرالی ہے

[@Ahmad-yi6d]

السلام علیکم۔ سر جی ان ویڈیوز کو ایک Playlist کی شکل میں رکھیے گا

[@SirfQuran]

Suspense berqarar hai.

[@suleribabarl4197]

Passion

[@muhammadsubhan9318]

Educational talks should be encouraged . Good going . But the important thing to note is that "takfeer" should be considered unIslamic when it is done on every other common man however I would essentially require my President or my Qazi to be a Muslim of Quran and Seerah and hence it won't be called as takfeer .( it is exactly what was meant by Hazrat Ali a.s ...the rightly guided Caliph!

[@salmandard136]

(6:20) First you say ONLY SHIRK and then you contradict yourself at (7:00) and add LAST PROPHET in the belief ?

[@Taimur_Laal]

Yes Prophet Mohammed PBIH is the last prophet and the seal of the prophets.

[@shahidsardar1058]

وا جی وا۔

[@Conn786Dots]

اسلامی ہسٹری کہ اس دور کا جو تعارف ہمیں ہے وہ تو بس جنگوں تک ہی تھا ۔ اس دور کے مسلمانوں میں اس طرح کے سکول اف تھاٹ پائے جاتے تھے یہ ہمیں اج پتہ چلا ھے۔ اور یہ عقدہ بھی کھلا ہے کہ اس دور کے مسلمان جن مسائل کے اوپر لڑ لڑ کے مر گئے ہمارے مذہبی رہنما اج بھی ان مسائل کو زندہ رکھے ہوئے ہیں اور ان کی ابیاری کرتے رہتے ہیں۔ اور جانے کہاں سے ان کی سرشت میں یہ شامل ہو گیا ہے کہ اگے نہیں دیکھنا پیچھے ہی دیکھتے رہنا ہے۔ ڈاکٹر احمد کبیر

[@LineOut-wv2to]

On a lighter note, it looks like Taimoor Bhai's fav firqa is Murji'ah cuz they were liberals. jokes apart, incredible video again. keep on doing this series.

[@AslamKhan-mk8yi]

I have watched all four parts and I must say,very clever and a very sneaky move,a sweet tongue to cover every slap as well..simply brilliant,the alchemy of turning green into red..btw we all know that the world will face its doom at the hands of science,why use science to tackle religion when it can easily be tackled by simple humanitarean values

[@Taimur_Laal]

Nothing sneaky. Just covering history.

[@farazahmed0]

@@Taimur_Laal Sir is it possible could you please make a video with timelime after death of Prophet Muhammad SAW till recent times like 1900s? School of thoughts made (Mutazila, shi sunni etc.) with timeline so we can know what come first and what second?

[@balochKhan910]

I am a Khawariji Muslim Alhamdulillah

[@sajjadashraf324]

Dr. Sahib while giving details about Murji'ah perhaps you forgot to mention that Imam Abu Hanifa, the founder of Hanfi school of sunni jurisprudence was also associated with the Murji'ah.

[@Albayyinah4571]

"I hope you are well. I have a question. What is necessary to believe in order to enter Islam? And when someone accepts Islam, what will they be called? Muslim and Momin."

[@Entertainment360yt]

ڈاکٹر صاحب ویڈیو کا دورانیہ بہت کم ہو رہا ہے ویڈیو تفصیلی ہونی چاہیے

[@ahmedkhanbaloch5427]

Excellent Sir 👍

[@tahirmaggoon4668]

Good

[@Zakkhan-tu7jz]

very infromative work. can we know sir the big or prominent names of Suhabah r a of that time who were pro Murjias, Khwarij, shiane Ali and Shiane Muawiya??

[@abdar-rahman6965]

So labeled as "Khawarij" used to say: Hukam is only of Allah, and same is mentioned in tons of Quranic verses 12:40 إِنِ ٱلْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ أَمَرَ . *So, they were obeying Quran and who obeys Quran is the REAL MUSLIM because Rasool and 4 Caliphs also followed ONLY Quran*

[@raakib.hussain313]

This is the thing Prophet Muhammad (saw) told about Khawaarij, he said you will find your recitation of Quran small in front of theirs, but their recitation of Quran will not go beyond their throat. Sayidna Ali rz fought a war against them and defeated them. Later it was a Kharji (Abdur Rahman ibn Muljim) who martyred Ali rz, when Ali rz was praying fajr. They were extremists and considered everyone else other than their group as Kaafir. They even considered Sayidna Ali rz as Kaafir(Na-auzubilla). As far as the aayat you quote, they took it literally. They misinterpreted the verse. The right interpretation is that whoever is gonna rule he will rule by Allah's book i.e., Qur'an. This is what is meant by the verse ‘Rule is only of Allah.’ The Khawaarij took it literally.

[@abdar-rahman6965]

@@raakib.hussain313 Do not try to validate your fabricated beliefs by your fabricated hadiths. This never makes any sense.

[@abdar-rahman6965]

@@raakib.hussain313 Do not support your lies with other lies

[@abdar-rahman6965]

According to Quran, followers of Hadiths and Sunnah are Kaafirs 5:44. This is not my Fatwa but Fatwa of God which you cannot change and bend وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ هُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ هُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ هُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ And what is بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ Read 5:44-48, 12:106, 42:10, 42:10, 6:114, 6:19, 10:15, 6:50, 39:13, 50:45, 16:116, 10:59-60, 7:32, 7:2-3, 11:18, 66:1, 28:56, 72:21, 2:272, 3:80, 18:110, 29:18, 5:92, 5:99, 42:48, 3:20, 2:213, 16:64, 24:54, 36:17, 13:40, 16:35, 16:82, 64:12, 12:111, 16:89, 17:12, 25:30, 25:33, 29:51, 45:6, 46:9, 28:85, 42:15, 2:159, 7:157, 47:2, 41:3 بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ is book of God; not book of Zoro Bukhari concocted 220 years after the death of Rasool

[@abdar-rahman6965]

47:2 وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ وَءَامَنُوا۟ بِمَا نُزِّلَ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَهُوَ ٱلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمْ كَفَّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمْ وَأَصْلَحَ بَالَهُمْ While those who believe, and work righteousness, and believe in what was sent down to Muhammad-and it is the truth from their Lord-He remits their sins, and relieves their concerns.

[@MuhammadYasir-hd4dn]

Unexpectedly very short video and little information. We expect more information from sir taimoor laal

[@Muhammadkaun]

ڈاکٹر صاحب متزلہ وہی فرقہ تھا نہ جنہوں نے خانہ کعبہ کی بے حرمتی کی تھی اور اس کی دیواریں ڈھا دی تھیں اور حجر اسود بھی اٹھا کر لے گئے تھے۔ ویسے جو بھی کیا تھا بہت اچھا کیا تھا۔

[@Omar-cd6dc]

Sir please make video on Spinoza's Philosphy???

[@DaraShikoh7]

Bhot Khoob!! Sir Imam Abu Hanfiah ko bi Murjiah hi gardana jata ha Or sir agr hu saka tu mashoor Islamic personalities ka bi mention kar diya Karian k wo kis school ya ak s ziada school ko represents karta tha!!

[@Taimur_Laal]

Yes Imam Abu Hanifa is often accused of this because he championed the view that we Muslims should not judge between the companions of the Prophet PBUH.

[@awaisbmw]

Lekin Imam Abu Hanifa ko zehar isi waja say dia gaya kay unhon nay zalim jabir hukamran ka saath nahi dia agr wo murjiah hotay to chup kar kay judge ban jatay!!

[@nowie4007]

❤❤❤

[@adnanahmad4441]

Please refer Books or book also in which all these information are there. especially Muslims thoughts

[@GulzarAhmad-sw1kh]

How do we know, if a news-of-the-past is true AND what is our confidence on it? The mere criterion of continuity or who said isn't suffice to know the truth.

[@youthsworld4217]

5th part is available or not?

[@ArslanMalik18]

Was Murji'ah school of thought was the base of Qadriya school of thought?

[@alihasnain8376]

Prophet Muhammad sallallahu Alaihi wasallam is the messenger of Allah and the path shown by prophet Muhammad sallallahu Alaihi wasallam is the path shown by Allah S.W.T. Prophet Muhammad sallallahu Alaihi wasallam told to his companion in a very clear way that after me I am leaving two heavy weights that is Quran and my ahllulbayat this hadees " hadees of Saqlain" is mothavathir in both Shia and Sunni sects. Prophet Mohammed sallallahu Alaihi wasallam told ya Ali your position is like Harun alhaihis salaam in my ummah. Prophet Muhammad sallallahu Alaihi wasallam on the day of ghader declare that Maula Imam Ali is the Maula for all mominin's believers whome Prophet Muhammad is Maula. So in the short conclusion is that Maula Imam and the Khalifa of Prophet Muhammad sallallahu Alaihi wasallam is Maula Amir ul momin Ali ibne abi Talib Alhaihis salaam. It it's ummat that deviate from the right path shown by the prophet Mohammed sallallahu Alaihi wasallam and they take Khalifa by the election of some people who so who ever goes against Aamir ul momeenin Maula ALI Alaihi salaam are against the path of salvation path of Islam. These kwarjites were the worst creature they are the one who forced to stopped the battle of siffin otherwise Muawiya would had went towards hell fire earlier by the Imam ALI Alaihi salaam army. These kwarjites came in the deceive of Amar bin ass advisor of mawayia of putting Quran on lance these kwarjites sent the Abu Musa ashari for the arbitration from Maula amirul mominin Ali ibne abhi Talib side when they realised that they all became deceitful fool by Amar al ass they started imposing wrong fatwa on Maula Imam ALI Alaihi salaam also . Kwarjites didn't accept the Imam ALI order when Imam ALI told them not to stop the battle of siffin. Kwarjites deviate away from the right path of salvation from Allah and one more thing ahle Tashi is not the school of thought which developed after prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam like all other schools of thought. In real it is the school of thought seeded by prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam . It's the ummah which left the correct path and elected Khalifa by their own which ultimately leads to astray blood shedding. If ummah accept the true Khalifa of Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam. That is Imam ALI Alaihi salaam there will be no blood shedding no mawayia, no abu bakar, Umar,Usman, no kwarjites, no battle of siffin, battle of Jamal, battle of naharwan had took placed . So kindly think and consider the facts of Islamic history. Don't twist the reality.

[@farazahmed0]

Brother could you please refer to a Hadith where Hazrat Muhammad SAW mentioned about so and so Sahabi would be the ameer after me? The Hadith should be mentioned in both Shia and Sunni Hadith books so equal stance can be obtained.

[@crochet_craft_by_iqra]

❤

[@anasabbasi7307]

There's a little confusion sir. You have put Ahl ul Wa'd and Murjites on the same line. While MM Sharif in his Book History of Muslim philosophy discussed both as two separate sects. Ahl wa'id : Doer of grave sin is unbeliever. Murjites: sin has nothing to do with faith we can't call them infidels on the basis of comitting grave sin. (Jahm bin safwan etc.) You have put them under same name. It creates a little perplexity. If you be kind enough to go through my feeble comment then please guide me in this regard. Thank you. And you r doing commendable work sir. ❤

[@6-2001]

I am sunni and love all shia and other Muslims❤❤❤. Hazrat Ali 4 khalifa thye or jis Nye Ali kye lhilafat kabool nakye woh bahye or fasad bil ardh Kiya or UN kye khilaf Ali ka talwar uthana Allah ka hukam tha. Waqt kyae khalifa kye atat nabi kye atat or nabi kye atat Allah kye atat hye jis Nye Ali kye atat sye inkaar Kya tha us Nye Allah kye atat sye inkaar Kya. Lekin Ali Nye apnye mukhalfeen ko kafir nahye kaha balkye Sirf baghee kaha tha jab kye in kye mukhalfeen kye Kuch log Ali par lanat bhejtye thye.ali Nye to apnye mukhalfeen kye barye myein galiyaan dyene sye bhye rooka. Imam bukharye or Muslim ka fatwa hye kye agar us zamanye myein hum hotye to Ali kye SATH mil kar talwaar uthatue Ali kye mukhalfeen par kyoon kye khalifa kye atat nabi or Allah kye atat hye

[@fahadjavaid7336]

I am Sunni , I don't love shia because... now I know these are just names given to identify different sects. they are among us and we all are Muslims.

[@ExHinduKalki]

I'm only Muslim 🤲💖

[@abdar-rahman6965]

Do you even know that according to Quran, Sunni and Shia ware Khawarij, and out from the fold of Islam 3:103, 3:105, 6:159 إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا۟ دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا۟ شِيَعًا لَّسْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِى شَىْءٍ إِنَّمَآ أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَفْعَلُونَ

[@javidaakash7714]

Assalam o alaikum sir bohut kuch sekny ko mil raha hai. Aap sey request hai k please regarding Muslim philosophy comprehensive lecture record kar liy. Q k muslim philosophy bohut mushkil hai aur aap ka samjany ka tariqa b bohut khob hai. So please is babat zaroor soch lein. Thanks

[@rizwankhan4565]

Imam Abu Hanifa was also Jahmi and Murjaii

[@muhammadmumtaz4187]

What will be the standards and form of government,If we consider Murjia (liberals)?

[@asiantiger04te64]

I think you made a mistake in saying murjia were close to qadariya rather than jabriya. 3:20 onwards.

[@Taimur_Laal]

Yes. Slip of the tongue. I wrote the correction in the description.

[@asiantiger04te64]

@@Taimur_Laal oh sorry I didn't read the description.

[@asiantiger04te64]

@@Taimur_Laal thanks for your contribution in making us think differently. Your lectures are not only informative they are though provoking.

[@abutaymiyyahal-athari2792]

Ager kisi ko aaj murjiah ko dekhna hai to woh liberals like ghamidi ko dekh lein. Who don't believe in making takfeer even upon the clear kufr of qadyanis

[@abubakarraja7605]

You should mention names of refrence books sir I want to read those and I want to teach my students as well!

[@Member_of_MENSA]

Islamic version of game of thrones 😆😅

[@Taimur_Laal]

This is a great point. It is just as exciting and interesting.

[@ExHinduKalki]

Yep, it's even more interesting because this all happened in real it literally gives me goosebumps imagining the situations and the things were going on at that time just after the few years of Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) 💖

[@sheezanAbuAbraham]

Please cover more details. Atleast one hour lecture. You are a PhD. You should not resort to tiktok kind of small videos

[@AsadMehmood-oc2of]

It's better to digest little material for the audience, not everyone has the capability to absorb more than a certain level.

[@Ahmad-yi6d]

​@@AsadMehmood-oc2of 💯👍🏻

[@PJI1947]

It is not some thing to digest ,how ever one can listen and understand according to his own limitations ,that is reduce the time yourself and listen it in episode but let the Dr speak as much as possible

[@AsadMehmood-oc2of]

With due respect, Knowledge is a digestible thing and it's a debatable issue also I'm not insisting Tamoor to make shorter videos , these topics aren't entertainment oriented and maybe that is why Dr. Sb or black hole (hoodbhoy's) have little audience / subscribers cz ppl cannot get to finish longer videos. Stay blessed

[@Ahmad-yi6d]

@@AsadMehmood-oc2of Sir Knowledge is a digestible thing, agreed; New Ideas/concepts which includes History and Philosophy is not an easy task to "digest". It take some time to understand this stuff.

[@mohammadnafehmalik8624]

Taimur bhai, please do address that why did they believe that the Quran is the creation of GOD ? The reasons for their opinion

[@Taimur_Laal]

Yes it is coming up. I'm laying the background first.

[@yhz2K]

Does this really matter ? Such questions that were raised by philosophers were useless and only caused further bloodshed and confusion

[@6-2001]

​@@Taimur_LaalQuran Allah ka qoool hye or or yeh qaiynaat Allah ka feel.

[@fahadjavaid7336]

​@@Taimur_Laaloh good so it isn't final episode. btw disappointed to see only 7min

[@Taimur_Laal]

@@fahadjavaid7336 yes. Lots more coming.

[@awaisbmw]

Murjiah log phr logon ko zulm say aur kufar say bhi nahi roktay na he kisi aisi cheez per stand letay hain jo ALLAH kay kanoon kay khilaaf ho!! Yh iman ka sabsay nichla darja hai "Amar bil maroof" Kay hisaab say aur yh smajhna kay sirf iman lakar insan bakhshaa jaiga yh bhi ghalat hai!! Iman lanay ka sahi matlab yhi hai kay dunia ma ALLAH kay kanoon ko follow karengay aur zulm aur jabar aur nainsafi nahi honday dengay!!

[@yousufabdullah2693]

Exactly, that is what i was thinking, just because one do not care, does'nt qualify to be a liberal.

[@muhammadumer6707]

❤❤

[@user-my4kt3nm8x]

❤🇧🇩

[@shahzadakhtar1063]

❤❤❤❤😂

[@atiqejutt6998]

Murjiah exist today's?

[@Pan21335]

Kiya islam ki koi liberal form hai , or we make islam pretty liberal as like in Indonesia ? that would be a best solution of all our problems

[@Amankhan-b9j]

3.50 qadariya nahi jabariya.

[@Taimur_Laal]

@@Amankhan-b9j yes. My mistake.

[@nayeemahmed5231]

Ayat 4:105 is actually mis placed

[@imtiazdar7787]

*شُکریہ، اب اصل موضوع پر گفتگو شروع کریں برائے مہربانی*

[@muhammadarshad2680]

آپ نے ایک طرف کہا کہ مرجعہ تحریک قدریہ کے خلاف تھی اور دوسری طرف کہ رہے ہیں کہ وہ قدریہ کے بہت قریب تھی،

[@Taimur_Laal]

I think you may have misunderstood. Murjia were considered to be pro-Umayad. That’s is what I said.

[@Ahmad-yi6d]

سر اپ نے 2 فتنوں کا ذکر کیا. وہ فتنے کون سے ہیں؟

[@Taimur_Laal]

Second one is the war of Ummayads with Hazrat Ibne Zubair.

[@Ahmad-yi6d]

@@Taimur_Laal 1st one is the Waqia Qarbla?

[@Taimur_Laal]

@@Ahmad-yi6d Jang e Siffin.

[@SafiAli94]

Sir parso mera phone chori ho raha hai please mutazili k baray main bana dain video us se phle phle

[@thinktech8306]

I don’t know what’s wrong with you, why are you commenting on those topic which isn’t in your scope you are socialist so preach about socialism why you discuss Islam and Islamic History, Bring your history and believes on the table so then we start discussion about it

[@tasleemganai8180]

You are honest at most times but can you show reference where these murjis people were believing that one should also believe that they should believe the prophet to be the last prophet. By adding this you seem to be dishonest they belive only tawhid and no shrik.

[@Taimur_Laal]

Hmmmm it’s an interesting point. I’ll get back to you on that.

[@tasleemganai8180]

Nice to have your reply. I am also a prof and teaching Genetics in an Indian University.

[@asimlateef3283]

تفصیل سے وڈیو بنائیں۔۔یہ ناقابل قبول ہے۔

[@eunice9066]

سوری ایمان میں کمی پیشی ہوتی رہتی ہے تھوڑا سا وقت نکال کر اس پہ تحیق کر لیں

[@6-2001]

♥️ 🩷 💜 💙 🧡 🖤 🩶 💚 💛 This knowledge is very precious 💕💕 for me I am seeing this content without any cost and without any discomfort. Truth is beneficial for everyone.

[@nafeesahnaf2387]

From now on Iam a murjiah

[@fahadjavaid7336]

hahahaha

[@fahadjavaid7336]

basically. nutrals. who can't identify right and wrong

[@abutaymiyyahal-athari2792]

Murji'ah & Jahmis are infidels because emaan is the composition of the heart + affirmation of the tongue + actions. According to murji'ah; actions doesn't invalidates emaan, so according to murji'ah anyone who abuse Prophet Muhammad, spits and burns Quran is still to be judged as Muslim as long as he himself believes in his heart that he is Muslim.

[@SDSen]

Nah dont be one of the accursed

[@EUROSPORTS4TECH]

❤