Nyquist - the amazing 1928 BREAKTHROUGH which showed every communication channel has a capacity

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Visual Electric

Visual Electric

Күн бұрын

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@VisualElectric_
@VisualElectric_ Жыл бұрын
Are there are any other historical figures in communication/electrical engineering I should do a video on?
@alexanders6109
@alexanders6109 Жыл бұрын
Yes, sure.of course there are a lot of historical figures. Maxwell for example. He's equations is the cornerstone. John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, And a little bit courious case with Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
@oriraykai3610
@oriraykai3610 Жыл бұрын
Claude Shannon, develoer of digital communication theory.
@brownj2
@brownj2 11 ай бұрын
Hedy Lamar
@comment8767
@comment8767 11 ай бұрын
Charles Proteus Steinmetz
@douglasstrother6584
@douglasstrother6584 11 ай бұрын
Check out the biography of Oliver Heaviside by Basil Mahon.
@CoreyMinter
@CoreyMinter 10 ай бұрын
Nice. Really like the style, animations, and way of connecting the history.
@MrDuracellHase
@MrDuracellHase Жыл бұрын
Well made video! I really enjoyed it. Hope your channel gets more attention and that there will be more videos following. Keep up the good work. Thanks!
@VisualElectric_
@VisualElectric_ Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for supporting the channel!
@brownj2
@brownj2 11 ай бұрын
Engineering does not collide with mathematics. Engineering is applied mathematics and applied physics.
@johnfranchina84
@johnfranchina84 10 ай бұрын
Exactly. Electrical (Electronics and Communications Engineer here) I have always said that engineering was applied science and applied mathematics. Cannot be a good engineer without knowledge and love of both
@johncourtneidge
@johncourtneidge 10 ай бұрын
And all are applied Chemistry. The Creator's Universe is one big Chemistry set: you and me included, Thanks Be! To Him The Glory!
@johncourtneidge
@johncourtneidge 10 ай бұрын
@@johnfranchina84 yes. And of Chemistry!
@johnwalker1471
@johnwalker1471 10 ай бұрын
@@johncourtneidgeI guess it’s time for a god is an engineer joke. There were 3 engineers, a mechanical, a chemical and an electrical, having a drink together when the discussion turned to the design of the human body. The mechanical marveled about the skeletal structure, how it was made up as a system of levers with the bones clearly designed to handle the stresses involved. “God must be a mechanical engineer”. The chemical disagreed. Consider the digestive system, how blood carries energy throughout the body all controlled by the hormonal system. “Obviously god is a chemical engineer.” The electrical disagreed, “you’re both wrong, it’s obviously that god is a civil engineer”. The other two looked at him, “why do you think that?” The electrical replied, “who else would put an amusement park right next to a waste disposal site?”
@johnnemeth6913
@johnnemeth6913 10 ай бұрын
​@@johncourtneidgeChemistry is just applied physics.
@michaelogden5958
@michaelogden5958 11 ай бұрын
It's a good think that a few really smart cookies come along from time to time! A really interesting video. Thanks!
@fishPointer
@fishPointer Жыл бұрын
Surreal to be glued to my screen the whole video and then see
@johncourtneidge
@johncourtneidge 10 ай бұрын
Apart, perhaps, from the pronunciation of the name Fourier.
@dominicestebanrice7460
@dominicestebanrice7460 7 ай бұрын
Our cellular communications world is the best example of "to the user, technology, when sufficiently advanced, is indistinguishable from magic". Excellent video BTW!
@agranero6
@agranero6 10 ай бұрын
As most signals do are not periodic (even periodic ones must start and end some day and are not strictly periodic but we can ignore the high frequency transients at the start and end) we can not use Fourier series, we use a generalization of them: the Fourier transform where we have a continuum of frequencies and not only the harmonics, basically the um turns into an integral. This is why Nyquist approach uses samples, but it is a natural way of thinking (as you say accidental) as in practice you can't really go to an infinite resolution. Apart from that a very nice video. This duality is brought by Fourier transforms (and more generally by all integral transforms) in many places not only in communication: in Quantum Mechanics for instance you can pass from position to momentum by a simple Fourier transform what leads directly to Heisenberg principle. This is the power of abstract algebraic structures: a simple unifying way to treat several at first apparently unrelated things. Summarizing: several ways to see the same process and a unified way to see several different processes.
@attica7980
@attica7980 10 ай бұрын
The Nyquist sampling theorem is essentially about trigonometric interpolation, and the relevant mathematical results were known for at least a hundred years before Nyquist. What was not appreciated was the connection of trigonometric interpolation with electronic communication.
@gnormhurst
@gnormhurst 10 ай бұрын
Yes. Since you need at least 3 points to determine a particular circle, you need more than two samples (points) to unambiguously determine a sinewave.
@TerryClarkAccordioncrazy
@TerryClarkAccordioncrazy 9 ай бұрын
@@gnormhurst That's an interesting insight, I hadn't thought about the commonality between geometry and time domain waves. You also have to define a certain bandwidth in order to represent any analog signal with samples.
@hepphepps8356
@hepphepps8356 6 ай бұрын
@@gnormhurstTook me 25 years of trying to understand why digital (audio) sampling works to come to that very insight. That plus really understanding the concept of every waveform being sine-wave intereference. The key thing most simple(beginner) explanations don’t mention clearly enough is you don’t need 2 sample points. You need 3.
@smesui1799
@smesui1799 6 ай бұрын
Please cite a reference.
@arizali_
@arizali_ 11 ай бұрын
Thank you. Very good video. It is sad that it is underappreciated.
@mixedbytc
@mixedbytc Жыл бұрын
That's not how "Fourier" is pronounced
@rolandjohansson7428
@rolandjohansson7428 11 ай бұрын
Neither is Nyquist.
@davidbroadfoot1864
@davidbroadfoot1864 10 ай бұрын
​@rolandjohansson7428 True, but at least that is how we commonly Anglicise "Nyquist". But his pronunciation of "Fourier" is totally bizarre.
@edbail4399
@edbail4399 10 ай бұрын
That's why you have to transforme it .
@bucc5207
@bucc5207 8 ай бұрын
@@davidbroadfoot1864 For real! 😃
@Grateful.For.Everything
@Grateful.For.Everything 4 ай бұрын
Thank You, really enjoy the way You lay all this out! It’s really quite wonderful this ability You have to express knowledge.
@demej00
@demej00 6 ай бұрын
Shannon is so underappreciated.
@jimdigriz3436
@jimdigriz3436 7 ай бұрын
Nyquist didn’t include the influence of SNR on a channel … Anyone else remember that? Shannon barely got a mention
@andrewdewar8159
@andrewdewar8159 11 ай бұрын
Love the graphics.
@MirlitronOne
@MirlitronOne 11 ай бұрын
I know you're a computer, but it's Foo-Ree-Ay.
@ahbushnell1
@ahbushnell1 10 ай бұрын
Send that computer to school.
@herrbonk3635
@herrbonk3635 10 ай бұрын
And it's Nyquist, not Nayquist.
@herrbonk3635
@herrbonk3635 10 ай бұрын
Fourier is actually said correctly by the robot. You are thinking of the american way of saying it.
@ahbushnell1
@ahbushnell1 10 ай бұрын
@@herrbonk3635 Interesting. Do the brits say it that way?
@herrbonk3635
@herrbonk3635 10 ай бұрын
@@ahbushnell1 Not sure, but us swedes, dutch, germans, etc do. Modern french people tend to put a little more stress on the first syllable though.
@michaelmoorrees3585
@michaelmoorrees3585 10 ай бұрын
Author of this video should look up how Fourier is pronounced. Fourier was French. kzbin.info/www/bejne/m6vOfZyZjNZ_atE 8:00 - Nyquist criteria. Claude Shannon shows that if you include signal to noise factor, you can really pack more data. In early modems the data signal could still be transmitted successfully, even if it was deeply buried in the noise. As modems got faster, constellation techniques got more complicated. The last old fashion telephone line modems were rated for 33K/56Kbaud. The 56K rate was only possible on a really noise free line, while 33K was a more realistic number. Old American analog telephone lines have a band from 300Hz to 3400Hz, and when digitally sampled, an 8000s/s rate was usually the minimum rate to meet the Nyquist criteria, when practical filtering is included.
@robinhillyard6187
@robinhillyard6187 10 ай бұрын
I’ve never heard Fourier pronounced the way it is in this video. Anyone else?
@DrPowerElectronics
@DrPowerElectronics 10 ай бұрын
My 1.3km telephone line (BT) twisted pair with joints could manage 30Mbs/s on a good day, using BT's fancy cable modem in 2012. Very crafty technology. Not sure how. Some ADSL features on steroids.
@jrjr54321
@jrjr54321 6 ай бұрын
Fantastic presentation about some truly special people.
@alexanders6109
@alexanders6109 Жыл бұрын
And not a word about Kotelnikov. Although he described in 1933 about the capacity of the channel. Kotelnikov V.A. On the transmission capacity of the ether and of cables in electrical communications
@xandervk2371
@xandervk2371 10 ай бұрын
1933 was after 1928.
@alexanders6109
@alexanders6109 10 ай бұрын
@@xandervk2371 There is no question of the possibility of a complete reconstruction of the original signal using discrete samples in 1928. The theorem was proposed and proved by Vladimir Kotelnikov in 1933 in the work "On the bandwidth of ether and cable in telecommunications". Independently of him, Claude Shannon proved this theorem in 1949 (16 years later).
@sergeikhoudiakov1914
@sergeikhoudiakov1914 10 ай бұрын
@@xandervk2371 Kotelnikov has priority over Shannon (16 years). Not Nyquist. Shannon was mentioned in the video.
@xandervk2371
@xandervk2371 10 ай бұрын
@@sergeikhoudiakov1914 The video is certainly about Nyquist, not Shannon.
@rayoflight62
@rayoflight62 10 ай бұрын
Love you used polar notation at ~ 05:40 background graph. How fitting...
@GaryL3803
@GaryL3803 10 ай бұрын
As a old Electronic Tech I respected the Nyquist limits but got lost when QAM came along. My mind just could not comprehend the capacity increase from 50 Baud to 9600 of a 4k bandwidth channel. Much respect to those who really understand this.
@gnormhurst
@gnormhurst 10 ай бұрын
See @8:15. Nyquist only limited how fast you could change the symbol, not how many bits you could send on each symbol. If each symbol has only two possibilities, then that's one bit per symbol. But if you allow intermediate values and have 4 levels instead of two, then you have two bits per symbol. If you create two carriers at 90 degrees (in "quadrature") and have 4 amplitude possibilities for each, then there are 4x4 = 16 possibilities per symbol, which means 4 bits per symbol. This is quadrature amplitude modulation: QAM.
@coryschwartz1570
@coryschwartz1570 11 ай бұрын
I remember in high school deriving sine functions from two points. Our trig and calculus teacher would have us write the names of theorems we were using when we did proofs, and I don't recall learning about nyquist sampling theorem, but I do remember working out these kinds of problems, e.g. find a sine wave, or a parabola, or whatever, that passes through these points. And I think I remember having to do a proof that you need 2x the frequency in samples. At the time, I didn't make the connection to transmission lines. I always related math class to other classes at school, or to physical objects, so to me at the time a sine wave was just a wheel spinning or something like that. As an adult, I have encountered the nyquist theorem working on analog transmission networks. For a little while I was working on digital video over satellite/radio -- and some radio heads are all about transmission theory. although maybe my memory is just off about learning this idea in school. 20 years ago, enough time to forget. haha.
@tedn6855
@tedn6855 Жыл бұрын
Wow I learned about nyauist from his sampling theory. Interesting how he saw it from the opposite way.
@SadAnorak
@SadAnorak 9 ай бұрын
very interesting video he was ahead of his time thanks for your work on this!
@lucascalambrin1461
@lucascalambrin1461 8 ай бұрын
Amazing quality. Congrats!!
@stevetaylor5290
@stevetaylor5290 10 ай бұрын
“It is difficult to understate the importance of electrical telegraphy…” I think you mean difficult to overstate…
@josephbenson6091
@josephbenson6091 6 ай бұрын
No he’s right. Difficult to overstate would mean it would be difficult to explain why it IS important. Where as difficult to understate means it would be difficult to say it ISN’T important
@billmichae
@billmichae 10 ай бұрын
The original complete inventor of sampling theorem and digitizing analog signals was Russian scientist Koteljnikov which has used much older idea of French mathematician Cauchy, Cauchy has even published a paper on converting analog signal to discrete form. Still, Nyquist deserves credit for practical promotion of the earlier work of others.
@mintoo2cool
@mintoo2cool 10 ай бұрын
had no idea.. standing on shoulders of giants
@technologyforyou5976
@technologyforyou5976 8 ай бұрын
Great video. May I ask you how did you create these nice animations?
@shivshambhuchoudhary1204
@shivshambhuchoudhary1204 Жыл бұрын
Beautiful need more information for bode plot nyquist plot and control system
@The_Living_Room_Tapes
@The_Living_Room_Tapes 10 ай бұрын
sounds like chatGTP?
@smesui1799
@smesui1799 6 ай бұрын
Although the current digital technology greatly aids many facets of today's life, it at the same time has made humans' minds lazier. People prior to the digital-age were definitely more intelligent, imaginative, and creative.
@yogenderyadav523
@yogenderyadav523 Жыл бұрын
Brilliant stuff.thanks
@MrDuracellHase
@MrDuracellHase Жыл бұрын
Totally agree!
@nickharrison3748
@nickharrison3748 10 ай бұрын
does Nyquist theorem still apply to fibre optic communication? or was it only for electrical/copper wire communication?
@johnpanos2332
@johnpanos2332 10 ай бұрын
cool.....2B1Q to you too ( go to wikipedia ) or sf/ami or esf/b8zs for more information
@metrocartao
@metrocartao 10 ай бұрын
It sure does. This is abound encoding information no matter what the media is.
@audience2
@audience2 10 ай бұрын
Now, more than ever, it still applies.
@philipmay6003
@philipmay6003 11 ай бұрын
I would love to know the history of who first applied autocorrelation and autocovariance to extracting communication signals buried in noise and to astronomy imaging.
@uploadJ
@uploadJ 7 ай бұрын
I was running WSPR just last night on 160 meters, and FT8 this morning on 2 meters ... Astrophysicist Joe Taylor created those modes, and I'm sure he's written papers referencing those who pioneered signal processing before him ... WSPR is good for a -30 dB SNR and FT8 around -25 dB SNR ... WSPR uses a 2 minute frame for, I can't recall how many data plus ECC bits.
@sau002
@sau002 10 ай бұрын
Beautiful
@danieldelgado9859
@danieldelgado9859 Жыл бұрын
would love some historic background of the time Nyquist discovered, it must have been very interesting the kind of problems that they tried to resolved :)
@VisualElectric_
@VisualElectric_ Жыл бұрын
Yes, learning from the historical perspective is fascinating and useful if you want a fundamental understanding. I think too much is taken for granted if you approach only from a modern day perspective.
@Daniel-OConnell
@Daniel-OConnell 7 ай бұрын
Good video but it is short on fundamentals, and difficult for the average personto grasp the contents in one go. Still well worth watching and it is disappointing that it has so few views. Modern communications owe a lot to the work of Nyquest and Claude Shannon.
@sylviaelse5086
@sylviaelse5086 11 ай бұрын
"Difficult to understate"?
@TerryClarkAccordioncrazy
@TerryClarkAccordioncrazy 9 ай бұрын
Your research and content is excellent, but I would prefer if you dropped the background music.
@robertfindley921
@robertfindley921 11 ай бұрын
Why are these guys not on the US currency? Get rid of those dusty old corrupt politicians! I can't believe I just drove through Gaylord, Michigan and didn't stop to see the Claude Shannon statue!
@danieloblinger1199
@danieloblinger1199 7 ай бұрын
Engineering and mathematics do not collide. They combine.
@r.macgilchrist5758
@r.macgilchrist5758 7 күн бұрын
Absolutely. I like to think Engineering partially emerges from maths which one of the mediums of Engineering.
@puddintame7794
@puddintame7794 11 ай бұрын
Went around the barn three times and never opened the door. Nyquist theory, as I was taught it in Telephone tech school, is sample, quantize and digitize. In other words, a signal can be sampled at twice it's highest expected frequency, quantized into a number, that number digitized and sent via 1's and 0's to a receiver, then the process is reversed. It was billed to us as a means to maintain signal and eliminate noise... not improve bandwidth. That's why the holy grail was, digital to the set, as we have now with VOIP. Of course, I may be wrong, it was a long time ago.
@tedrobinson372
@tedrobinson372 10 ай бұрын
Excellent presentation. Only please pronounce Fourier as "Foor ee ey" not "Forea".
@sahhaf1234
@sahhaf1234 10 ай бұрын
This channel's a bomb. I hope you also do videos on Harold Black's feedback work and also many inventions of Armstrong..
@johnjames9195
@johnjames9195 10 ай бұрын
This is not correct. The `Sampling Theorem' originated with J M Whittaker in Interpolary Function Theory. Nyquist applied it to Information transmission theory
@djuliano4912
@djuliano4912 Жыл бұрын
thanks, found channel in the recommendations, an idea for a video, make a fpga controller for SDRAM or any RAM
@CatholicSatan
@CatholicSatan 10 ай бұрын
Foo-rear? Oh, please...
@gorflunk
@gorflunk 10 ай бұрын
You can't push a square wave through a round cable.
@brendawilliams8062
@brendawilliams8062 10 ай бұрын
It’s gonna pop a 6944.. somewhere
@AerialWaviator
@AerialWaviator 10 ай бұрын
It can be done. Only smaller squares can be pushed through though. Just need to be careful with any bends in the cable, they can't be too sharp.
@brendawilliams8062
@brendawilliams8062 10 ай бұрын
@@AerialWaviator you can do as you want to.
@brendawilliams8062
@brendawilliams8062 10 ай бұрын
@@AerialWaviator an x- class pushes a band width where it wants, so what circle or square knows the sun
@richardburfoot461
@richardburfoot461 11 ай бұрын
Sadly I can’t be doing with all the ‘noise on sound’. Pity really - it does look very interesting.
@mellertid
@mellertid 10 ай бұрын
2:14 I think you mean *overstate* 😊
@polarwulf8289
@polarwulf8289 Жыл бұрын
Fantastic, thanks!👏🏻🙏🏻
@johncourtneidge
@johncourtneidge 10 ай бұрын
Thank-you. Sadly I didn't understand any of this. The map of telegraph lines, however, amply illustrated the centrality, then, of The City of London!
@raygunsforronnie847
@raygunsforronnie847 6 ай бұрын
And oceanic telegraph lines is how all of this got applied! It turned out that sending DC pulses over thousands of miles of wire, underwater, wasn't as reliable as a couple hundred miles over land. The "high pass filter" characteristic prevented faster telegraphy speeds from being usable. Nyquist proved how that all worked (or why it didn't) and that simply turning up the voltage wouldn't fix the throughput issue. The implications of Nyquist's work were immediate but the long term impact is still being felt. Foundational work.
@kevinodonnell4563
@kevinodonnell4563 10 ай бұрын
Does the narrator say 'singal' several times (instead of signal). Otherwise this is an excellent non-math introduction to Nyquist theory.
@ivok9846
@ivok9846 10 ай бұрын
3:02 there were no digital signals at that time....
@GH-oi2jf
@GH-oi2jf 10 ай бұрын
That did not prevent them from being considered theoretically.
@somedutchguy7582
@somedutchguy7582 7 ай бұрын
What do you think telegraphy is, then?
@ivok9846
@ivok9846 7 ай бұрын
@@somedutchguy7582 bursts of noise? square wave is digital.
@somedutchguy7582
@somedutchguy7582 7 ай бұрын
@@ivok9846 you have an extremely narrow definition of 'digital', then.
@ivok9846
@ivok9846 7 ай бұрын
@@somedutchguy7582 one has poetic freedom to call smoke signals digital, but it's just silly.... digital is when machines convert 1s and 0s to something else, not when humans are doing it...
@samlogan8096
@samlogan8096 11 ай бұрын
About 45 years ago, I was a grad student working on a Fortran assignment on a weekend. The building was pretty empty and I was scratching my head, wondering why the code didn't compile. I saw an older (and better dressed) man walking down the hallway and asked him if he could give me some advice. He quickly held up his hand and said (paraphrased) I can't help you, I used to know all this stuff but I can't clutter up my mind with it now. I immediately dismissed him as a pompous jerk and went back to solving my problem. Later, I found out he was just about the most famous professor on the staff and had at least seven terms named for him and had received the Turing Award. I still thought he was a pompous jerk, but admittedly a smart pompous jerk.
@swedishpsychopath8795
@swedishpsychopath8795 Жыл бұрын
Thank you Scandinavia and Norway (where his family originated from) for discovering this before someone else did. Who could've imagined there would be a limit to things? At the time he lived they thought a boat could have infinite many passengers. So it was nice to find out that it couldn't.
@mintoo2cool
@mintoo2cool 10 ай бұрын
shannon & nyquist theorem is fundamental to analog to digital conversion.
@douglasstrother6584
@douglasstrother6584 11 ай бұрын
Check out the biography of Oliver Heaviside by Basil Mahon.
@jamesraymond1158
@jamesraymond1158 10 ай бұрын
Excellent, informative. Two errors" "difficult to understate" should be "difficult to overstate". Also, Fourier badly mispronounced.
@misterhat5823
@misterhat5823 10 ай бұрын
76k views is far too low for this video.
@panduwilantara3070
@panduwilantara3070 5 ай бұрын
amazing
@bobross9332
@bobross9332 6 ай бұрын
It should be noted that no one named shaniqua, rastus or anything like it, are in the history of human development of technology.
@barrywein2185
@barrywein2185 10 ай бұрын
There was a girl in my high school math class who said her grandfather was a famous mathematician. Let's call her Laura for her privacy. Keep in mind, you wouldn't impress another high school student with a claim like that. Many years later while learning digital signal processing in EE school I recalled "Laura" Nyquist's story as it dawned on me who she was talking about. That's when I was impressed. True story, cross my heart.
@drstrangelove09
@drstrangelove09 10 ай бұрын
I have always been told that Fourier is pronounced for-ee-ay ... is this yet another U.S. v British pronunciation thing?
@MrCretesenesi
@MrCretesenesi 10 ай бұрын
No, it's a US vs. French thing😂
@drstrangelove09
@drstrangelove09 10 ай бұрын
@@MrCretesenesithanks fir saying "no" and for laughing at me... very nice... are you British?
@stevetaylor5290
@stevetaylor5290 10 ай бұрын
No - he’s just wrong. It’s foo-re-ay for everyone.
@drstrangelove09
@drstrangelove09 10 ай бұрын
@@stevetaylor5290I think that you are correct.
@johneyon5257
@johneyon5257 10 ай бұрын
there's a youtube video on "how to pronounce Fourier" by a frenchman Julian Miquel - like americans he stresses the first syllable - and the first syllable is more like "FOO" - many americans pronounce it that way - tho i imagine many use the long-O too
@davidray4506
@davidray4506 10 ай бұрын
Bravo 🎉
@krisknowlton5935
@krisknowlton5935 10 ай бұрын
Talked about digital information, shows native Americans putting a blanket over a campfire making smoke signals...the first digital comunications.
@NoiseWithRules
@NoiseWithRules 11 ай бұрын
Hmmm, I've only watched the first two minutes and I've seen at least 3 mistakes. There were many 'telegraph' systems before Morse stole Joe Henry's work. eg Crooke and Wheatstone's railway signalling. The 'code' was put together by Alf Vail, not Morse himsaelf. The code shown is the 'International' code, not the 'American' aka 'Railway' code. Seeing as most statements made are wrong, should I bother to watch the rest?
@VisualElectric_
@VisualElectric_ 11 ай бұрын
Thank you for your comments. This video is not an in-depth history of telegraphy but I did not claim there were no telegraph systems prior to Morse. The statement made is Morse's system - in which he holds the patent - became the standard, not that his was the only or even the first system to emerge. International Morse code was by far the most common worldwide, and for international cables. This fits the context of the video better so I am glad it was international Morse code shown. Besides these points, if there are any specific factual statements not correct, I am very happy to receive the feedback because I do make a lot of mistakes.
@NoiseWithRules
@NoiseWithRules 10 ай бұрын
@@VisualElectric_Thank you for your input. You say that when Harry Niquist began his work in 1917 not much was known about the fundamental theory underpinning digital communication, dstortion etc. Oliver Heaviside discovered and published the physics theory and the mathematics of telegraph circuits in the 1880s (sorry, lost access to my references so can't be more exact.) He understood what caused inter-symbol distortion and how to mitigate it - later used without permisssion by Pupin, who made a fortune from it. Along the way he invented (and patented) coaxial cable. BTW his only paying job was as a telegraphist - for which he was sometimes mocked by gentlemen scientists. So maybe Harry did have a few clues when he started?
@andyevans2336
@andyevans2336 10 ай бұрын
Converge, yes, collide……not so much.
@nathanlewis42
@nathanlewis42 8 ай бұрын
great video but that's not how you pronounce Fourier.
@Looii5
@Looii5 7 ай бұрын
That's not how Nyquist is pronounced either.
@Handle1969
@Handle1969 10 ай бұрын
I don’t get it.
@TypoKnig
@TypoKnig 11 ай бұрын
Nice video! FYI, Fourier was French. I’ve heard his name pronounced FOO-e-yay.
@davidbroadfoot1864
@davidbroadfoot1864 10 ай бұрын
WTF?! Anyone with even a very basic knowledge of this field knows how to pronounce "Fourier".
@raulsimon2218
@raulsimon2218 10 ай бұрын
¡Very good!
@taxidude
@taxidude 10 ай бұрын
I thought Lord Kelvin discovered the pulsing of the galvenometer nearly a century before.
@somedutchguy7582
@somedutchguy7582 7 ай бұрын
Ørsted made his discovery in 1820. William Thomson was born in 1824.
@edbail4399
@edbail4399 10 ай бұрын
Bells labs Mathematical Theory of Communication ,Shannon
@dadsonworldwide3238
@dadsonworldwide3238 10 ай бұрын
Its still classical American puritan momentum and focus on more reductionistic mapping codes inside out rather than dwelling on deterministic form and shape that Europe has always dwelled in . If not for proud heritage of uk ,Europeean coalitions and terminology it would've always been willingness to fund & chase code of life, nature ,waves ,feilds its our idealistic nature
@dadsonworldwide3238
@dadsonworldwide3238 10 ай бұрын
Closed system of 1900s structuralism maximizing all the transitor age, chasing particles ,qauntom physics its the phenotypical mosaic fabric
@jeffreymartin2010
@jeffreymartin2010 11 ай бұрын
Morse code was developed by Vail.
@NoiseWithRules
@NoiseWithRules 10 ай бұрын
And that 'American' code was replaced by international versions, much different from the American. Morse did invent a signalling system but it was impractical. Vail also invented the 'Morse key', the switch tapped to send the code. ... I could go on about how Morse stole almost all the ideas he's known for but the list is too long.
@richardburfoot461
@richardburfoot461 9 ай бұрын
2:19 I think perhaps you mean ‘difficult to OVERstate …’
@mikemines2931
@mikemines2931 6 ай бұрын
Morse did not invent the code but Samuel Vail did.
@PafiTheOne
@PafiTheOne 10 ай бұрын
5:50 "a series of ten pulses" ?!? No! A series of 1 and 0 pulses!
@AerialWaviator
@AerialWaviator 10 ай бұрын
The "ten signal elements" was a Nyquist reference to one second of communication. (note the text in the video, not the audio at the timemark) Symbols in Morse Code are represented by a combination of five dots and/or dashes. The speed at which symbols are send was typically at 2 per symbols second, or 10 signal bursts per second. Note: both the dash, or dah (--) and dot, or dit (.) where send as active signals, the dah being a longer duration, and the dit being of shorter duration. Not on/off (1/0) like digital pulses. Off, or silence represents space between symbols.
@mathrodite
@mathrodite 7 ай бұрын
"Difficult to OVERstate"...
@LMB222
@LMB222 10 ай бұрын
I understand that you may have problems prnouncing Nyquist, but thetes no excuse yo mispronounce Fourier.
@lamsiglo2170
@lamsiglo2170 10 ай бұрын
Perfecto
@metrocartao
@metrocartao 10 ай бұрын
One of the fathers of the modern world 😉
@GH-oi2jf
@GH-oi2jf 10 ай бұрын
The other being Claude Shannon.
@DavidAndrewsPEC
@DavidAndrewsPEC 10 ай бұрын
He was Swedish. His name meant Newquist and was pronounced 'nüükvist' (ü as in the German language letter). Otherwise, excellent presentation. Very engaging and calm. Well done! :)
@ovalwingnut
@ovalwingnut 6 ай бұрын
Quite difficult to cram such InTeReStiNg information in under 10 minutes (see what I did there:). But thank you.
@fmphotooffice5513
@fmphotooffice5513 10 ай бұрын
Opinion: Your floating charts, graphs, highlighted text, flying around at the same time as you are describing concepts and ideas is less effective than someone just reading your script silently, with the visual stuff as a reference. Everything colliding together works against your goal of presenting the material.
@panduwilantara3070
@panduwilantara3070 9 ай бұрын
good
@MichaelWillems
@MichaelWillems 10 ай бұрын
“Discovered the duality between time and frequency?” Huh? Frequency is simple events per time. I’m not sure what’s meant here, but that statement makes no sense.
@turkigo7057
@turkigo7057 6 ай бұрын
Cool stuff, its like reading the lore of smart hooman, jk good vibes sent ❤️
@aquamanGR
@aquamanGR 10 ай бұрын
Great video, but for the love of God, it's pronounced FouriEr, (emphasis on the E, not the I)!
@billstokes5251
@billstokes5251 11 ай бұрын
Ask a French speaker to give you the correct pronunciation of "Fourier".
@charlesspringer4709
@charlesspringer4709 Жыл бұрын
The science came "not from the minds of the American capitalists" WTF? How did that get in here? Were they mathematicians or physicists?
@brendawilliams8062
@brendawilliams8062 10 ай бұрын
😂
@alanparkinson549
@alanparkinson549 10 ай бұрын
"Fuh rear?" Can't you do French words?
@jmodified
@jmodified 10 ай бұрын
I learned about the Nyquist rate in a course taught by a professor Nyquist (no relation).
@hg2.
@hg2. 10 ай бұрын
I get tired of the affected accents.
@BIBIWCICC
@BIBIWCICC 10 ай бұрын
Think how much more he could have achieved if he had stayed away from America.
@TheDerekeder
@TheDerekeder 8 ай бұрын
His name is pronounced "New Quist" ("Nigh Quist" in Swedish means "dickless") and your pronunciation of Fourier is equally aliased.
@rezah336
@rezah336 7 ай бұрын
im not impressed, it was a new technological field and he was among the people developing it, but this development wasn't very creative but pretty basic and natural. He was just at the right place at the right time. His Nyquist plot is impressive though.
@jomamacallinyou
@jomamacallinyou 10 ай бұрын
I'm sorry, "smoke signals" is a really dumb analogy. Telegraph wires would have much more along the line of simplicity. Perhaps posting on KZbin might be thought of as primitive.
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