Type II hypersensitivity (cytotoxic hypersensitivity) - causes, symptoms, & pathology

What is type II hypersensitivity? Type II hypersensitivity is an immune response in which host cells are damaged due to antibodies binding to the cell surface. Find our full video library only on Osmosis: osms.it/more.
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[@rubymusqan3792]

just a summary...so i can come back and revise too Type 2 hypersensitivity mechanism of action: 1.Activation of complement system: C1 binds to Fc portion of the antibody. Activated C3,C4,C5 - atrracts neutrophils, degranulation, cell lysis. 2. Membrane Attack complex - disturbance in osmotic gradient - cell lysis 3.C3 associated opsonization and phagocytosis 4. ADCC - antibody dependent cellmediated toxicity - NK cells NONCYTOTOXIC MECHANISM: Antibody mediated cellular dysfunction. eg..Graves disease, myasthenia gravis.

[@098yatinder4]

Come back and revise it for the 31st time. xD

[@Zain.Basi1]

4:38 I adore the sound effect when the cell bursts, it's so damn satisfying!

[@cedardmd]

These videos are so helpful that I feel bad for all the medical students who had to learn these materials without the Osmosis’ help. I feel very fortunate!!

[@whitneyjordan14]

I'm currently in medical school and am very happy that I found your channel! Thanks for simplifying so many topics in such simple ways!

[@osmosis]

Thanks, Whitney! We’re glad you like the videos. If you want to further enhance your medical studies, check us out on our website! In addition to having exclusive access unreleased videos (which include an 8-part series on ECG, a series on embryology, and unreleased videos on physiology and pathophysiology) Osmosis Prime members have access to thousands of board-style quiz questions and flashcards, study scheduling tools, and much, much more! Check us out here: bit.ly/2ut5ZEJ

[@dylancameron2731]

I cant believe how specific these videos are. There's more detail in this video than there is in my lecture notes lol and I'm in second year of uni.

[@parfoisbaker]

same

[@jemy_tube]

Have u graduated now dude 🤔😃

[@muntazirhasan8494]

@@jemy_tube 😂😂😂

[@thephilosophersjourney2595]

Are you a doctor now?

[@thisumamarasinghe8171]

​@@thephilosophersjourney2595hopefully

[@judesjewels7831]

You guys are awesome! Putting these videos together helps link everything we learn into a smooth progressive piece to remember and understand processes better. It makes the various lessons on a subject cone together into a whole. Thanks SO MUCH!

[@osmosis]

Thanks!

[@angeknowsit]

I just love it when the neutrophil comes up and vomits all kind of enzymes and stuff .

[@rajdeepsamadder2000]

yeah u r right🤣🤣🤣

[@kratikadubey3192]

Very creative 😅

[@yordankuzev4224]

It was very helpfull!!! Also great, funny animations. Keep up the good work!

[@osmosis]

Thanks!

[@mr.k2944]

Please never stop making such amazing videos! Your videos are actually better than reading the notes. Just simple and understandable! You guys are outstanding! I always recommend watching your videos to my friends and they too really like it. Thank you so much!

[@cathyoniel6159]

People who make videos like this make this earth a better place. So helpful, thank you :)

[@fazramahalli]

i love how the cells are mostly either looks innocent or make me pity them

[@mariaya6645]

Can u plz make a vid for the complement system ?

[@munirhabdullah3251]

tomorrow is my immunology quiz and this video is verrrrry helpful! thank you so much guys :)

[@uzamatfatimat3243]

This really makes it so simple. Thanks a lot guys.

[@rubaabdulrahman7196]

Why there is one like to give for each video☹️ .. You guys deserve thousands 😍❤️❤️

[@zanygee]

please make a video about organ transplant rejection types

[@osmosis]

We will eventually! You can vote for upcoming videos by becoming a Patreon subscriber. www.patreon.com/osmosis

[@Fireretro]

I LOVE your videos. Really helpful than every page on the internet I combed through to find answers :D Btw, just one thing. Myasthenia Gravis and Grave's disease are classified as Type V hypersensitivity now right? Functional disorders?

[@LAisyourgirl]

Thank you so much for making these videos! They have just the right amount of depth without being overwhelming.

[@osmosis]

Thanks for the kind words, LAisyourgirl! Did you know that if you like & review us on Facebook then you’ll get access to our videos a day before they’re published on KZbin? Check it out here: bit.ly/2u35D6J

[@novaduh]

DUDE!!!! You are the man! Taking Immunology and I swear my professor is leaving us high and dry. Thank you for breaking this down into easy to understand terms. You saved me my dude!

[@osmosis]

Always our pleasure to help! 🙌🏼

[@med8523]

Best explanation of the topic in youtube. Thank you

[@helinp.7616]

It is absolutely perfect for who learns easier with visual objects and games.Thnx ozmos

[@chriscash7779]

True...at times having an example visually demonstrated helps so much.! SLAINTE N take care.👍

[@MrRss334]

red blood cell : guys believe me i am on your side :(

[@gulfamjameel1703]

the immune system itself is the imposter

[@xatianaroushvili8516]

perfect videos,simply explaining everything,so easy to understand...good luck...

[@lessymtonga8781]

Give thanks to youpeople this video has really help me.ready to write my exams tomorrow

[@blackyme2889]

houres saved ,, i wish i had money to donate to you guys 🌹

[@osmosis]

Thanks for your nice feedback! We're glad to be of help!

[@swadeepkumar3579]

well explained..I've come across this channel for the first time as it's a recently launched one..but I must really appreciate u people for both the quality quantity of videos you have put up..n the best part is that u give a broad overview of the topic in a short time using simple animations..this is especially going to help the students correlate and interconnect various topics..thank you..n keep going.

[@julianaortiz09]

your videos are AWESOME. English is not my first language and I'm studying medicine and I didn't understood my proffesors video but I did with yours! THANK YOU!

[@osmosis]

Glad to help, Juliana! 💫 🥰 💖

[@jamunaprabhu96]

the visuals are amazing! great job:)

[@pradipdesai3365]

I like the summary part for quick review.

[@osmosis]

Great suggestion! We're going to look into doing this more often for future videos!

[@chimaobihillary-mu5rn]

Pls any video on type IV

[@chrispinngosa8596]

wow just wow!!! am in second year of university, persuing a pharmacy degree and am watching from zambia, africa......and personally this is the best detailed explanation of the the type 2 hypersensivity. am sure to follow up of the rest of the types and hopefully hope for more videos on pathology

[@hasnabasheer1848]

This channel helps to simplify a lot of difficult portions for me❤

[@osmosis]

Happy to hear that, Hasna! 😊

[@mahmoudalkhalaf7222]

thank u so much , it is such an accomplished work . Ammmmmazing .

[@silentrefusal9911]

Can't thank you enough. God bless you guys... You really really are a great help.

[@alaaadel8900]

*اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ نُورِ الْأَنْوَارِ وَسِرِّ الْأَسْرَارِ وَسَيِّدِ الْأَبْرَارِ، وَزَيْنِ الُمرْسَلِينَ الْأَخْيَارِ وَأَكْرَمِ مَنْ أَظْلَمَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ وَأَشْرَقَ عَلَيْهِ النَّهَارُ، وَعَدَدَ مَا نَزَلَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا مِنْ قَطْرِ الْأَمْطَارِ ،وَعَدَدَ مَا نَبَتَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا مِنَ النَّبَاتِ وَالْأَشْجَارِ صَلَاةً دَائِمَةً بِدَوَامِ مُلْكِ اللَّـهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ.**اللهم صل على سيدنا محمد وعلى اله وصحبه وسلم تسليما كثيرا عدد خلقك و رضا نفسك وزنة عرشك ومداد كلماتك و عدد ما كان وعدد ما سيكون وعدد الحركات والسكون.*

[@patybarron5445]

Best video I’ve watch by far!! Thank you

[@ayushkherde2069]

Thank you so much for making such useful videos. After seeing these videos topics seem to be very easy.

[@osmosis]

You are most welcome, Kherde! Glad to help! 😊

[@apeleldada2406]

Very clear and well explained video !! Thanks a lot !!💪👌

[@osmosis]

Glad to help, Apelel! 💫 🥰 💖

[@sairamemon8843]

lovvvvvve osmosis channel. yet dont know the definitive difference between diffusion and OSMOSIS. but lovvve this channel. LOL.

[@joshuarandall6041]

Osmosis is the diffusion of water. Diffusion is the diffusion of solutes. They both flow from high to low concentrations, which means they often flow in opposite directions from one another. The water will flow into the cell, whereas the solutes will flow out of the cell for example, all in the process of equalizing concentration gradients.

[@RajeshSharma-jl2yk]

Plz make videos on all topics of patho.

[@mennaelradad1945]

This channel is genius! Thank you, this was very helpful

[@maymuhamad777]

guys u really made it easy god bless u

[@Ahmadhanai]

you guys dominated the lane, thnx

[@sofiaaa3346]

wowow this is SUCH a good video ! Thankyou!

[@emanbenyahia5073]

You guys are the best this was veryyyyy helpful and in only 9 minutes AWESOME ♥ THANK YOU endlessly

[@DaisyLukorito]

Thanks but where is type 4

[@feisalalrubaei9157]

Thank you very much, for making these videos they're really helpful. but in case of myasthenia gravis I looked into different sources and I found that actually the complement system is activated when the anti-AChr is attached to the AChR and it leads to decline in numbers of AChR

[@osmosis]

Could you share with us those sources? Thanks!

[@AhmedEkri]

You guys are great, I have a friend of mine that is always recommending you to me and here I am, listening to his advice. Just wanted to drop this comment about 3:00, the complement proteins (C1q) does not bind to the Fc portion of the antibody, rather it bind to the antigen binding side which is found on the constant region of IgG and it is above and different than the Fc portion.

[@osmosis]

Can you share with us a credible source that supports the correction? Thanks!

[@AhmedEkri]

Hello, I just double checked from many journals articles, what you have said is true. The Fc portion on an IgG is divided into two compartments, upper one for complement and lower one for membranes or receptors. Thanks for your reply.

[@-fadihias4905]

A question please : Is blood groups incompatibility an example of type2 hypersensitivity ???

[@kelvinannobil3699]

Yes please

[@glad2know1]

Couldn't be better than this. Just Wonderful !!

[@osmosis]

Glad you like it!

[@larsvegas838]

How is the antigen formed, is it specific for only penicilinn or is to specific for hapten-carrier that is formed when pencillin is bound to the ertythrocyte. In order to form an antigen an APC need to present and activate a T-cell via MHC + regulatury (B7-CD28) and cytokine signaling, this procces is not specified at all in the video?

[@w0lf314]

2:22 first mechanism (C4a/C5a/C3a) 4:07 2nd mechanism (MAC) 5:54 3rd mechanism (phagocytic in the spleen) 6:41 4th mechanism (ADCC) 7:26 5th mechanism (CELLULAR DYSFUNCTION)

[@thefallenking1]

You are simply a genius

[@yoni4614]

Love love looooveee your videos ! They are so helpful ! But would you maybe be so kind to talk a bit slower, for the non-native english speaking students ? Thank you in advance !

[@imdavid2709]

Really Great.....Easy to get the Point

[@GSJSTP]

amazing Mann.. thanks for this

[@reedaserafi4608]

why do the antibodies bind to the penicillin in the first place?

[@harryin._]

Please make videos on leprosy ASAP 😟 and complement pathway

[@امجاد-و5س]

You are really great thank you from my heart 😢

[@osmosis]

You're welcome! 😊

[@linaloulou9376]

merci beaucoup _ thanks

[@smartayeasha15]

Graves disease and myasthenia gravis both are examples of autoimmune disorders as well as type II hypersenstivity ?

[@shadenalharbi7847]

please put a summary of all the things in the last I got tired of writing note .

[@hiba6174]

All the love... But where is hypersensitivity 3&4

[@deiaarahma8729]

excellent work. thanks

[@osmosis]

Thanks!!

[@kevina5018]

just 1 doubt so the C3b binds the IgG? cause i knew that c3b just binds the antigen and i thought that was the only mechanism of opsonization it does.

[@yeetengkhu1692]

this is awesome, thank you so much for the videos !!! Really appreciate it !!

[@majda2992]

This is so helpful! Thank you

[@carolclark5776]

Gift from higher power

[@Tariqt4]

you are the best

[@raghad7131]

Thank you so much

[@uncomfortablereality]

You are awesome thankyou so much for making these videos very helful

[@osmosis]

Thanks for watching, Saba! We're glad you're finding our videos useful. If you haven't yet checked out our educational platform we have a bunch of tools that we think you'd like. These include unreleased videos, tens of thousands of flashcards and multiple-choice practice questions, study workspaces, and daily exam schedule organizers to help you learn medicine. You can sign up for a free trial of Osmosis Prime here: bit.ly/2ut5ZEJ

[@luisegarciaflores4903]

I love your videos. Could you tell which programm do you use to this? I´ve got to do one similar for my inmunology class

[@Max-sn2qi]

such good quality. thank you

[@sundasshareef8691]

i fell in love with the cute cells illustrations in this video..haha.. it is really helpful BTW.

[@positivevibes7425]

This complement system is categorized under acute inflammation or chronic inflammation?

[@dwaithasivadas2421]

You are too good 😊 Thank you for this!

[@zeynepbasllar9685]

THANK YOU

[@xpup525]

can i use your video for presentation?

[@doctorjunaid3924]

I was unable to find u on patreon . How to find u on patreon. On a lighter note, Actually I owe u my kidney but I can’t donate that bec I have watched ur lectures and realised how imp our body organs are and even cells

[@doctorjunaid3924]

Follow up comment , how to find u on patreon? I am still searching u there

[@BruceWalcheck]

Very well done, but to be more accurate you should distinguish hypersensitivity (the antigen is foreign) and autoimmunity (the antigen is self). A hypersensitivity is technically not an autoimmunity.

[@osmosis]

Thank you so much for bringing this to our attention, Bruce! I will be sure to pass this along to my colleagues on the Content Team so they can check the details with our Chief Medical Officer. 😊

[@aakanshashukla9570]

Wow great explanation

[@osmosis]

Thank you! 💖

[@rawanarafa6240]

Thank you

[@lovestrike940]

OMG! i can't thank u enough this is great keep up the good work

[@carolshumaker8348]

Do you do a video on fibromyalgia?

[@axxon3000]

I pay $70k+ annually for medical school. They pump out shitty lectures that explain nothing. These videos are golden.

[@michaela4234]

isn't type 1 hypersensitivity antibody-mediated as well? As the antibody involved in type I is IgE - arent they all antibody-mediated? Why would type 2 and 3 be specified as antibody-mediated?

[@goksuavar4809]

Really neat and helpful, thank you.

[@umidjonnasritev2686]

What is phases of hypersensitivity type 2

[@osamaaamir7743]

Very cool! Helped me a lot! Keep up the good work.

[@almuwayshir]

As always, like before watching!

[@osmosis]

Thanks for the support, Fawaz! Did you know that if you like & review us on Facebook then you’ll get access to our videos a day before they’re published on KZbin? Check it out here: bit.ly/2u35D6J

[@dineshraja7121]

Thanks man! It was an amazing video!:)

[@jamessol7400]

The red blood cell here is just so cute. When it dies, I cried.

[@melosaurrn]

Love the Ditto phagocyte at 6:21

[@osmosis]

Thanks!

[@tajwarhussain2698]

Thank you. . You are awsome

[@osmosis]

You rock! 😎

[@ooichialin5758]

Thank you, I always forget this every time I read from text, and never stay in my memory, now I can remember better!

[@boredlie4525]

what's the different with type 5 hypersensitivity?

[@alexeddie6125]

until now, I can't get an answer for what causes autoimmune?. What trigers it?

[@relinamohamed5090]

So type 4 and 5 are from type 2

[@betinagore2552]

This is awesome. Been staring at powerpoint slides trying to learn this forever before looking here and everything makes so much more sense now. Thank you for making veterinary school just a little bit easier!!!

[@asmekram4445]

thanks