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Paddy mushroom cultivation full video
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paddy straw mushroom cultivation techniques
Paddy straw mushroom cultivation is a popular method of growing edible mushrooms, scientifically known as Volvariella volvacea. These mushrooms are highly nutritious, low in calories, and have a unique taste and texture. Here is a description of the cultivation techniques involved in growing paddy straw mushrooms:
Spawn Preparation: The cultivation process begins with the preparation of mushroom spawn. Spawn can be obtained from a reliable source or can be produced by sterilizing a mixture of grain and mushroom mycelium. Commonly used grains include wheat, rice, or sorghum. The spawn serves as the inoculum for mushroom growth.
Substrate Preparation: Paddy straw mushrooms require a suitable substrate for growth. The most commonly used substrate is straw, particularly paddy straw or wheat straw. The straw is chopped into small pieces, soaked in water for 24 hours, and then drained. After draining, the straw is pasteurized or sterilized to kill any competing microorganisms that could hinder mushroom growth. Pasteurization can be done by treating the straw with hot water or steam, while sterilization involves using pressurized steam.
Spawning: Once the substrate is prepared, the spawn is mixed thoroughly with the pasteurized or sterilized straw. The spawn and straw mixture should be evenly distributed to ensure uniform mushroom growth. The mixture is then placed in containers such as polypropylene bags or plastic trays, which should be perforated to allow air exchange.
Incubation: After spawning, the containers are placed in a dark, humid environment with a temperature ranging between 25 to 30°C (77 to 86°F). During this incubation period, the mushroom mycelium colonizes the substrate. It usually takes around 10 to 15 days for the mycelium to fully spread through the straw.
Casing: Casing is the process of applying a layer of moist material on top of the colonized substrate to promote fruiting. Typically, a mixture of soil, peat moss, and sand is used as the casing material. The casing layer helps retain moisture and provides a favorable environment for mushroom formation. It is applied with a thickness of about 2 to 3 cm (0.8 to 1.2 inches).
Fruiting: After casing, the containers are transferred to a well-ventilated room with reduced lighting conditions. The optimal temperature for fruiting is slightly lower, around 22 to 26°C (72 to 79°F). Maintain high humidity levels, ideally around 85 to 95%, by regularly misting the growing area. Mushrooms will start to form from the casing layer within a few days.
Harvesting: Paddy straw mushrooms grow rapidly and are typically ready for harvest within 3 to 4 days after the fruiting stage begins. Harvesting is done by gently twisting and pulling the mushrooms from the base, taking care not to damage the substrate or neighboring mushrooms. Harvesting should be done when the mushrooms are fully grown but still have their caps tightly closed.
Subsequent Flushes: Paddy straw mushrooms have the potential for multiple harvests or flushes. After the first harvest, maintain the growing conditions by providing adequate humidity, light, and ventilation. Within a week or two, new mushroom pins will emerge, and the cycle of fruiting and harvesting can continue for several flushes.
It is important to note that paddy straw mushroom cultivation requires attention to cleanliness, temperature, humidity, and proper handling techniques to ensure a successful harvest. Regular monitoring and adjustments to the growing conditions may be necessary to achieve optimal mushroom growth