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The main function of a hydraulic oil filter is to filter hydraulic fluid, and all types of impurities cannot be avoided in a hydraulic system. Its main sources are: mechanical impurities left in the hydraulic system after cleaning, such as stretching, cast sand, solder slag, iron filing, paint, leather paint and cotton chips, and so on, outside the hydraulic fouling system, such as through refueling circles and dust-proof into dust; impurities in the work process, such as broken seals formed by hydraulic action, the movement of making metal powders resulting in relative abrasion, liquid oils produce colloidal oxidation metamorphoses, Asphaltene, binders and so on. The impurity above which is mixed with hydraulic oil, with the cyclic action of hydraulic oil, will play a destructive role, seriously affecting the normal operation of the hydraulic system, such as making a relative moving component of a hydraulic component between a small gap (in total) and a small hole throttle and a card the gap is dead or blocked; destroys the oil film between relative moving parts, scratches the surface of the gap, increases internal leakage, reduces efficiency, increases heat, exacerbates the chemical effect of oil, makes oil metamorphosis. According to production statistics, the hydraulic system failure of more than 75% is caused by mixing impurities in the hydraulic oil caused, so that maintenance of clean oil, preventing oil pollution, the hydraulic system is very important.
Filter oil can be placed in several positions on the hydraulic circuit. Inlet filters are installed in the reservoir or on the line to the pump. Strainer is preferred to be installed in this place because it is not as tight as a high-pressure filter.
High-pressure filters protect valves that are sensitive to the system. Always placed after the pump and its characteristics are to have a housing that can withstand high pressure.
The return line filter is placed on the oil return line to the reservoir. This system has the main disadvantage that oil is filtered after leaving the circuit. This type of filter is mounted on a low pressure housing or has a spin-on type.
The full flow system filters all flow that circulates in the hydraulic system. For this reason, a full flow system is the most commonly used hydraulic system.
Normal flow flows from the outside of the filter element towards the center of the filter. When clogged, oil pressure rises around the outside of the filter and opens the bypass valve.
The filter surface functions as a contaminant filter. Element is generally made from porous paper that is specially treated and folded to increase surface area. This type is the most commonly used type.
Partial flow or bypass system filters some of the oil that flows through the system. This system relies on oil flow that flows repeatedly to clean oil properly. This system is used only in special applications and the advantage is that it can remove contaminants with a very fine size.
Bypass valve prevents increased pressure. All filters have a bypass marked oil flow like IN and OUT.
Filter maintenance is a very important factor for obtaining a long system hydraulic life. Ignoring filters will result in rapid damage to the system.
Visual inspection will not show whether oil flows through the bypass unless the bypass channel is equipped with an indicator or sensor, to avoid flow through the undetected bypass, the filter must be regularly serviced. Follow the factory specifications regarding recommended service intervals and use filters with the same micron rating size. Some filters have indicators that tell the operator to clean or replace elements. This equipment is a simple pressure gauge that informs the operator in the event of a bottleneck or pressure increase due to a clogged filter.
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