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Permutation and Combination Class 11
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In mathematics, permutations refer to the arrangement of objects in a specific order. A permutation of a set is an ordered arrangement of its elements. For example, if you have a set {A, B, C}, there are six possible permutations:
1. ABC
2. ACB
3. BAC
4. BCA
5. CAB
6. CBA
In general, if you have a set of n distinct elements, there are n! (n factorial) permutations. The factorial of a non-negative integer n, denoted by n!, is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to n. Mathematically, it is expressed as:
n! = n × (n-1) × (n-2) × ... × 3 × 2 × 1
For example, 5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120.
Permutations are often used in combinatorics, a branch of mathematics dealing with counting, arrangement, and combination of objects. They have applications in various areas such as probability, statistics, and cryptography.
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