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In the world of philosophy, pessimistic philosophers have garnered a lot of fame. Philosophers like Schopenhauer, Cioran, and Mainlander paint a depressing picture of our existence. One lesser known pessimistic philosopher is Peter Wessel Zapffe, the 20th century Norwegian philosopher.
He echoes main similar ideas of existential dread, but in his most famous essay, The Last Messiah, he also explains why people can seem unbothered by their existential condition.
Four defense mechanisms, isolation, attachment, diversion, and sublimation act to suppress our consciousness of this condition. Isolation makes us ignore or hide those ideas, shown through our hesitancy to talk about death in public. Attachment refers to our obsession with earthly things which takes our mind off of our existence, such as the state or religion. Diversion refers to being easily distracted by eye-catching stimuli to also help distract us from our existential condition. And finally, sublimation refers to our attempts to put a positive spin on things life death and the cosmos.
#philosophy #existentialism #pessimism
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