Pharmaceutics (22) Monophasic Liquid Dosage Forms | Pharmaceutics 1 | B.Pharmacy 1st Semester

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Monophasic Liquid Dosage Forms
Monophase means one phase. Monophasic liquid dosage form refers to a liquid dosage form that contains one, two, or more components in one phase, that is the liquid phase.
A true solution is a clear homogenous mixture that is prepared by dissolving solute in a suitable solvent.The component of the solution which is present in a large quantity is known as “SOLVENT” where as the component present in small quantity is termed as “SOLUTE”.
Advantages of Monophasic Liquid Dosage Form:
1. s it's a liquid dosage form so it's easy to administer via any route (like-oral, parenteral, etc).
2. The rate of absorption of the drug is faster than solid dosage form because the drug is already the form of solution.
3. As it's homogenous, the uniform dose distribution is more accurate than other biphasic liquid dosage forms (like suspension or emulsion).
4. The process of formulating is quite easy and faster than suspension or emulsion.
Linctuses, mixtures, draughts, elixirs, syrups, and drops belong to the category of the monophasic liquid dosage form,
Classification of Liquid Dosage Form
A. Liquids meant for internal administrations
1. Syrup: Water-based preparations of 60% to 85% sucrose with flavouring or non-flavouring agents. e.g. Chlorpheniramine, Maleate hydrate, Chloral hydrate .
2. Elixirs: Sharp, fragrant, aromatic, hydro-sweetened solutions with or without preservatives, designed for oral use. Ex: Dexamethasone elixir.
3. Linctuses: Viscous, liquid and oral preparations are usually given to relieve cough. Eg: Codeine Linctus.
B. Liquids meant for internal administration used in the mouth
1. Gargles: Aqueous solutions containing antiseptics or antibiotics used to treat throat infections. It is available in an enclosed form with a guide for mixing warm water before use. eg .: Povidone Iodine gargle.
2. Mouthwash: A water-flavoured and fragrant water solution used to clean and remove a buccal tube. Have antiseptic and astringent activity:
3. Antiseptics-phenol derivatives.
4. Throat paint: Preparation of a lot of fluids used for mouth and throat infections. Eg: Phenol glycerine, Compound Iodine.
C. Liquids meant for external administrationLiquids instill into body cavity
1. Eye drops: Sterile, aqueous / oily solutions designed for the eye. Eg: Timolol maleate eye drops.
2. Narrow drops are applied to the nose to determine local function. It is used during nasal congestion and for high respiratory problems. Eg: Drops of Oxymetazolin Hydrochloride.
3. Enemas: A liquid or oily solution infused into the rectum and colon with anus for cleansing, treatment or diagnosis.
D. Liquids meant for external administrationLiquid meant for skin
1. Liniments: Preparations of oily liquids, designed for external use by rubbing the affected area. Use sensitivity to pain and stiffness, such as muscle spasms and arthritis.
2. Lotions: Preparing articles with low to medium viscosity. Use to moisturize dry skin. Eg: Calamine Lotion, baby lotion
3. Paint: Solutions used to prevent skin. Eg. Betadine is an antiseptic paint, paint Magenta
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