Pituitary Gland And Their Hormones | Class 12 Biology

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About This Video ........................
In This Video Lecture You Will Learn Basic Concept Of Pituitary Gland
In man, the pituitary gland or hypophysis cerebri is an ovoid structure about 0.5 gm in the adult
3. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) (Corticotrophic hormone): Release of
FSH and LH/1CSH share a common hypothalamic releasing factor. Prolactin is continuously produced
stimulates milk production and acts with LH as described below. FSH in females stimulates follicle
corticotrophin releasing factor from the hypothalamus is controlled by steroid levels in the blood
(known as acromegaly). If there is undersecretion, dwarfism results, as well as other symptoms
homones in many of the other endocrine glands.
from the pituitary and is inhibited by prolactin inhibiting factor (PIH) from the hypothalamus. Prolactin
4. Gonadotrophic hormones (GH) :These are follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising
corpus luteum (and hence the progesterone it secretes). ICSH in the male stimulates the interstitial associated with lack of thyroid and adrenal hormone.development and secretion of oestrogens from the ovaries; in males it stimulates development
directly on the cells of the thyroid gland, increasing both their numbers and their secretory activity lutenisation (lit. “turning yellow’) of the latter and acts synergistically with prolactin to maintain the
continues to promote protein synthesis throughout the body. If produced in excess during early
2. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) : Release of thyrotroph in releasing factor from the life, leads to gigantism or if later in life causes the abnormal development of hands, feet, jaws, etc. fright, infections. Excess and deiciency results ui disturbance of normal adrenal functions.
thyroxine, there is increasing production of TSH and vice versa . It is secreted throughout life but particularly reaches high levels during the periods of rapid growth and development. It acts
Anterior lobe:Anterior lobe of pituitary secretes the following hormones:
and is connected to brain through a short stalk (the infundibulum). It has three lobes viz, anterior, median and posterior. The anterior lobe is often referred to as the master gland, because in addition
oestrogen secretion and rupture of mature follicles to release egg or ovum. It also causes the of the germinal epithelium of the testis and sperm production. LH works with FSH to stimulate hypothalamus throughout the life. When growth has mostly ceased after adolescence, the hormone .
1. Somatotrophin hormone (STH) : Somatotrophin releasing factor (SRF) is secreted from
inappropriately called luteotrophic hormone, LTH).
to producing primary hormones it produces the tropic hormones which control the secretion of hormone (LH also called interstitial cell stimulating hormone ICSH, in the male), prolactin (sometimes
and by direct nervous stimulation of the hypothalamus as a result of stress e.g. cold, heat, pain.hypothalamus is controlled by the levels of nuyoxine in the blood. In the presence of low levels of cells of the testis to secrete testosterone.
median lobe :Median lobe secretes the following hormone : Increased
melanocytes in skin to produce brown pigment, melanin, which darkens the skin. Excess MSH is
hypothalamus. External light governs its secretion. More secretion in pregnancy stimulates
Posterior lobe: Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes the following hormones:
1. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or Vasopressin: Its secretion is caused by decrease in blood
hypothalamus. External’ sensory stimuli also influence hypothalamic neurosecretory cells. Increased
diabetes insipidus, characterized by production of large quantities o f dilute urine and great thirst.
pressure, blood volume, and osmotic pressure of the blood which is detected by osmoreceptors in
2. Oxytocin : Its release is stimulated by distension of cervix, decrease in progesterone level in levels cause increased water reabsorption in distal parts of nephron. A lack of this hormone produce blood, and neural stimuli during parturition and suckling. Primary action is on smooth muscle, particularly in the uterus during childbirth, and also causes milk ejection from mammary glands.
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Gonadotropic Harmon is the third harmoon NAT a first 😢sir

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