Postponing the Heat Death of the Universe

According to modern cosmology, one day all the stars will burn out and the Universe will be full of dead planets, black holes, and other stellar remnants, slowing decaying till entropy brings the Heat Death of the Universe. But could this fate be postponed or even reversed?
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Credits:
Postponing the Heat Death of the Universe
Episode 225; Feb 13, 2020
Writers:
Isaac Arthur
Editors:
Darius Said
Jerry Guern
Keith Blockus
Phonetic Failure
Produced & Narrated by:
Isaac Arthur
Cover Art:
Jakub Grygier www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier
Graphics:
Jeremy Jozwik www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_...
Ken York / ydvisual
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com/creator

[@AnythingMachine]

"I don't believe in no-win scenarios" - James Kirk

[@Cutesticles]

"You can`t gamble with reality"

[@alexandernorman5337]

@Max Paine - But you won't be able to. Heat death is when everything goes to its lowest energy state. So you cannot start or sustain a thermodynamic process.

[@robertgraybeard3750]

@@alexandernorman5337 - no, 'heat death" is when everything is at the same temperature, not how hot or cold everything is - then you can't get any work out of heat flow because it has nowhere to flow.

[@theamazingskeptic2234]

"I am Vulcan sir, we embrace technicalities." -Spock

[@AnythingMachine]

@@theamazingskeptic2234 you reminded me that *both* Kirks, as different as they might be in other ways, said they don't belive in no win scenarios

[@captainstroon1555]

Postponing the heat death is the ultimate "never give up, never surrender"

[@timothymclean]

When it comes to heat death, I prefer Madoka quotes. In this case, "If someone ever tells me it's a mistake to have hope...I'll just tell them they're wrong."

[@Dingusdoofus]

VIVE LA FRANCE!!! Oh wait that has nothing to do with this.

[@carso1500]

Think of it this way, humanity's existance is a constant fight against entrophy already, because as laws dictate everything always becomes more chaotic over time and we as such has to constantly fight against such power, even doing stuff like cleaning your room is technicaly fighting against the endless advance of entrophy So eventually, we will have to battle against the source itself

[@thecrazycapmaster]

@@carso1500 and ironically, by doing this we burn energy, converting our stored energy into heat energy, thus accelerating entropy. That’s like, super meta duuuuuude 🤣

[@ProfessorShnacktime]

@@carso1500 this is quite religious language.

[@xtieburn]

THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

The Last Question, our very first Book of the Month :)

[@Century_Chandra]

Let there be light, one of my favourite short stories

[@elcoyoto2889]

@@isaacarthurSFIA This short story had a huge influence on me as a kid (along with 2001) on how I see the world and kindled a love for science which is still burning white hot. Even after all these years, re-reading it STILL gives me goosebumps. It also deals with the apparent conflict between religion and science in a very Asimov way ("How It Happened" is also interesting in that regard). Anyway, I'll take this opportunity to thank you for your awesome work on this channel : you videos are clear and interesting without being too "watered down" , and you always find ways to amaze me even on topics that I thought I knew well : THANK YOU! PS : my 2 favorite SciFi authors are Clarke and Asimov, so when google suggested your channel, I found your name very interesting... :D

[@stardolphin2]

I first saw it as a pretty well done local planetarium show....

[@rogeriopenna9014]

The Last Answer is also a pretty good short story by Asimov.

[@TheMightyZwom]

"In this house we obey the laws of thermodynamics!" - Homer J. Simpson

[@Pyxis10]

**Burns down the house** Gee what a shame.

[@Jondiceful]

"The rumors of my [heat] death were greatly exaggerated." -Universe

[@Christopher-N]

"The BBC wishes to deny rumours that it is going into liquidation. Mrs Kelly, who owns the flat where they live, has said that they can stay on till the end of the month." -- _Monty Python,_ s3e2

[@BladeTrain3r]

The way you provide conceptual options to fend off heat death just like that already gives hope. If it can be imagined, even if the methods imagined aren't ultimately plausible, that opens the door to actually doing it.

[@alexandernorman5337]

Honestly, I think it is pretty senseless to even worry about heat death for hundreds of trillions of years. Plenty of more immediate concerns.

[@Ozzy_2014]

@@alexandernorman5337 not if you find you can actually do it or rather could have but waited too long!

[@Soken50]

@@Ozzy_2014 Exactly, much like dealing with climate change today, there is such an inordinate amount of energy and infrastructure to put in place that the longer you wait the harder it is to get there, if at all. You want to expand as far as possible as fast as possible and stop soon enough that you can come back with all you've accumulated to benefit from it. We're at least doing the first part right, let's hope we're not already too late to enjoy the second

[@tonikotinurmi9012]

@@Soken50 Until a bit more than two years ago, I received data from team handling satellite, measuring methane emissions in siberia/northern ocean... Even after request I didn't get any answer. I hope methane in air hasn't climbed so fast it's being hidden, also I hope @Isaac Arthur has these measurements. Ofc being lazy earthLing I didn't bother to send but few questions about the satellite to GB. Maybe it's out of its operable time, and it's costly to send stuff on polar orbits anyhow.

[@Soken50]

@@tonikotinurmi9012 According to public data, it is climbing, and faster as time goes on, it is believed to be involved in one of many feedback loops, not a good outlook for us earthlings :x

[@sulljoh1]

Hey, future generations 👋 Did you make it?

[@English_Lessons_Pre-Int_Interm]

i am already dead, but I can feel my fingers typing my answer. What if the virtual simulation theory is correct, and we just have to get out of our desktop?

[@Alexander_Kale]

I'm afraid that is restricted information.

[@shayanroychoudhury9066]

Kinda... We broke out of the simulation. The programmers were pissed that this simulation also didn't yield a solution to the heat death.

[@riepie]

We wish you all the best from the year 2020!

[@demon_xd_]

Nah man, we ruined ourselves with nukes *human style*

[@georgemargaris]

Thanks for the optimism. I was losing sleep about the stuff that's going to happen in 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 years

[@AlonneCaptain]

Oh my god this. Fear of death? Radical longevity/curing aging. What about the death of the Sun? Interstellar travel. What about the heat death of the universe? Arthur video.

[@GLORY-TO-ENTROPY]

I love entropy

[@krisspychissp]

I swear people alive today could have longer lifespans then ever thought even possible. If humanity survives to become an interstellar species and work towards cures for aging stays at a steady rate then within the not so distant future it could be available to modern people. Then all humanity has to do us stay alive. Biggest issue to this just becoming immoraltality to everyone with suicide as an option is entropy. But give humanity 10000000000000 years and seeing how far we’ve come in merely 100 I bet we can pull Thë elimination of entropy off.

[@tejing2001]

The false vacuum idea is hard to communicate. My own analogy for it is this: Suppose some intelligent beings existed inside a huge block of some explosive compound. What they saw as elementary particles were actually different kinds of sound waves in the explosive, so they were made up of sound waves, and considered sound waves as their "matter". Everything would work just fine, until they concentrated too much energy in one place and started a detonation. The detonation shockwave would travel at the speed of sound (which would be to these creatures what the speed of light is to us) through the explosive, never fading, and possibly actually growing in strength. They would have no way to even know it was coming, and all the elementary particles and fields they understood would cease to exist on the other side of the shockwave. Scary question time: How do we know our universe isn't like that? Answer: We don't.

[@supercalifragic1551]

If it's possible to poke a hole and trigger a False Vacuum, I do wonder if there would be a method to patch such a hole, a counter signal. Or imagine expanding spheres where a change in the fabric of reality occurs where physics is altered. Imagine how Speedrunners and video game hackers are able to force their way through the code to trigger or manipulate events, imagine finding ways to do that with our own reality. Galaxy machines of black holes at the right speeds, the right size, in the right places to cause breaks or vulnerabilities to the fundamental laws.

[@k_tess]

Oh that's Vacuum decay. It's pretty scary.

[@Soken50]

@@supercalifragic1551 Universe 1.36.215-b patch note : - fixed a vulnerability allowing intelligent species to use black holes as vacuum decay manipulators for faster than light travel - simulation no longer backwards compatible with older savefiles

[@gigastrike2]

The only thing I'm getting out of this is that all matter in our universe just wants to disappear, and is looking for a reason to do that, and the reason that would cause it to disappear is other matter disappearing around it.

[@tonikotinurmi9012]

@@supercalifragic1551 Nope, false vacuum would go to every direction at speed of light, thus you'd have to first have lightspeed communication from said location, early in advance: "we're going to do false vacuum test", prepare (how?) countermeasure in every point in every direction(how?) to stop false vacuum. Excluding of course faster than light travel. Also, false vacuum would probably... hmm, could be at planck level event so pretty hard to pick every pixel in nearby space and shoot anti-false-vacuum-antidote at exactly same time to every pixel - otherwise it'd be fool's errand, each pixel starting its own speed of light expansion to every direction...

[@unvergebeneid]

4:30 when the time comes, I'll just let the universe know that I'm leaving it for a universe that's younger and hotter.

[@julianwalde4810]

"You think we gonna die?" "Yes." "Of this?" "Maybe"-James S.A. Corey

[@squirlmy]

I get annoyed with "The Expanse" for many reasons, but lines like this, as obvious and perhaps even trite as they are, kept pulling me back.

[@Thedeepseanomad]

I just hope we eventually find some way to do the ultimate reality hack of either continuously escape to neighbouring low entropy universes or figure out how to reverse entropy and actually pull it off. Or both.

[@swampdonkey1567]

But not to be a pessimist but what if the in between universes can suffer heat death?(unless there is no in between and of course running on the idea of multiple universes)

[@stockimageguy8941]

@@swampdonkey1567 Maybe we could recreate to conditions of the big bang? Keep repeating that process until we have infinite new universes to live in.

[@ljthesmartandscientiststro7741]

Of course @@stockimageguy8941

[@mrbull569]

You are the man! longtime fan of the show. Thank you for all your episodes. Whatever speech impediment you had is almost completely gone now. As someone who struggled with severe stuttering as a child I understand you completely.

[@matbroomfield]

Can I just get a note from my mum? That always used to get me out of anything.

[@Jdne199311]

This channel isn't one for pessimism, no this is the channel where we tell entropy to take a hike. That moving a planet and build a ringworld (when compare to most popular sci if) was just Tuesday. And Where the biggest problem we have is what to do about how to invent new way of selling paper clips for the all might overlord that is the Paper Clip maximizer. Ok the biggest problem is to insure we have a drink and a snack 🍩

[@thepeff]

It's always comforting to hear "we don't know" after something speculative. Too many people on the Internet seem to know everything.

[@Christopher-N]

A simplified way to think of objects in an expanding universe moving apart faster than the speed of light, is to think of a latex balloon. Take a marker, and place two dots somewhere on the balloon, and then inflate the balloon. Locally, neither dot has moved from where you put them, but as you inflate the balloon, the dots move apart while still being stationary. This is essentially the same concept of a warp drive in science fiction.

[@craigruchman7007]

Since we don’t yet have a complete understanding of the universe, there is hope.

[@piyushmenon4987]

There is hope, but there may be a chance we really can't stop Heat Death. It really just depends on the truth behind our universe. But I'll stay optimistic.

[@thedarkdragon1437]

"Dumptruck of salt" have to remember this one

[@Jim0i0]

"Is the universe expanding, or am I shrinking?" -Willy Wonka

[@Cybernaut551]

@Henry Both perhaps?

[@CommanderM117]

There's no earthly way of knowing Which direction we are going. There's no knowing where we're rowing Or which way the river's flowing. Is it raining? Is it snowing? Is a hurricane a blowing? Not a speck of light is showing so the danger must be growing. Are the fires of hell a glowing? Is the grisly reaper mowing? Yes! The danger must be growing For the rowers keep on rowing. And they're certainly not showing any signs that they are slowing! -Willy Wonka

[@wildtwindad]

Just re read the question by Asimov. Timed this one perfectly !

[@imeprezime4764]

All good things don't have to come to an end. - Isaac Arthur

[@ethanfinity]

Best motto ever

[@halvor9797]

Nobody: Isaac Arthur: Today we are going to discuss how to postpone the heat death of the universe

[@darthutah6649]

QB: being meguca is suffering

[@HadzabadZa]

If only we could postpone it by stale memes

[@1ThousandRoads]

Idris Elba should have guest starred in this episode just to pop up at some point and holler "WE ARE CANCELLING THE APOCALYPSE!"

[@KingOpenReview]

*Kyubey entered chat.*

[@theapexsurvivor9538]

*Coobie

[@xjunkxyrdxdog89]

@@theapexsurvivor9538 *koby

[@Verrisin]

I wonder if the other 2 know Madoka Magica... :D

[@theapexsurvivor9538]

@@Verrisin What's Madoka Magica? Did you mean Meduka Meguca?

[@xjunkxyrdxdog89]

@@theapexsurvivor9538 I think it's the show with hammurabi.

[@jgr7487]

intelligent species: "what is my purpose?" Universe: "you put me to rest by creating true vacuum"

[@DavidBarkland]

no. They push the butter.

[@tonikotinurmi9012]

No. Increase entropy faster than non-intelligent-species having universe would do.

[@JohnPritzlaff]

Neighboring universe: your purpose is to eventually create intricate galaxy-sized space ships which can then be co-opted as pico- or femto-scale killing machines in our universe.

[@kindlin]

You pass the butter.

[@leeswecho]

“Morty, have you ever experienced, true vacuum?”

[@duckgoesquack4514]

kyubey: best way to solve heat death, is for little girls to make wishes ／人◕ ‿‿ ◕人＼

[@TheRezro]

Though for clarity he is talking about his universe. He is after all an alien kidnaping people inside his matrix, using false threat of witches to manipulate those who don't ask questions (as he technically doesn't lie).

[@solsinclair1909]

Dammit, beat me to it

[@AzzySunfire]

@@TheRezro Since when is Kyubey using the matrix? He's an alien trying to use emotions of girls to convert them to energy. He thinks the emotional energy is outside of thermodynamics, taps it with magic/tech and adds it to the universe. No matrix involved, as far as I remember.

[@duckgoesquack4514]

@@AzzySunfire I can confirm, Neo is a magical girl

[@necrophadian]

I become meguca too?

[@Jondiceful]

Chaucer- "All good things come to an end." Isaac Arthur- "Hold my beer!"

[@ryandoesstuffapparently1540]

Big fan of the show. I know you like megastructures, so I have an idea for an episode for you Isaac. Kind of an idea that popped into my head watching this. In order to capture more matter to use to postpone heat death, could an extremely advanced civilization build a “Galactic Scale” engine, similar to fleet of stars, but to build a fleet of galaxies, constantly accelerating, perhaps along a filament of high concentration of matter to gravitationally capture more and more galaxies and prevent them from expanding away from them due to the expansion of the universe. I know you like designing stuff like that. Could you theorize a possible model/design for this galactic ship? If you think this is a good idea, like it so Isaac sees it! I’d love to see his take on this!

[@alexandernorman5337]

Yeah, you just build enough star engines in a galaxy so that their gravity pulls most of the other stars with them while you send them this way.

[@willyreeves319]

yes, in theory. but that wont change the end as described here as each of the galaxies would be consuming fuel and creating heat at roughly the same rate regardless of how many there were. up to the point where you had so many galaxies close enough that they all collapsed into 1 giant blackhole.

[@ryandoesstuffapparently1540]

willy reeves Could you not use Starlifting to disassemble all the stars in all the galaxies you collected, store interstellar gases, and use solid components to build computers and structures powered by the fusion provided by the stellar material? How long could such a civilization last? How fast could they get their ship going? What would be the most amount of matter they could collect? Storing that gas in a manner that doesn’t fuse and using it to power their own fusion, could they live trillions of years? Quadrillions? Billions of quadrillions? I’m assuming they would be smart enough to know the minimum distance they would have to keep all their mass from itself to prevent collapsing it into a black hole. How much mass could they collect? How big could that civilization grow? How long would it last? There is at least a full episode worth of questions to be had here.

[@willyreeves319]

@@ryandoesstuffapparently1540 probably could for any given total mass have spacing in which the entire collection would stay gravitationally bound and not collapse into a blackhole. also though at any given mass there will be a maximum energy that could be produced with fusion - at which point you have run out of hydrogen, helium, etc. and have only iron left and you have reached the heat death.

[@ryandoesstuffapparently1540]

willy reeves Yeah, I’m interested more in answers to how much mass could we realistically hope to collect before it is moving away from us at faster than the speed of light, and how much fusion energy would all that matter be able to generate, and how long a civilization could last with that given energy, given a certain level of consumption, say K3 levels or possibly K4? Would they last until the end of the black hole era? Beyond iron stars?

[@feynstein1004]

Peasants: Postpone Judgment Day Intellectuals: Postpone the goddamn end of the universe

[@Yootzkore]

Procrastination on an entirely new level, that of creator deities. "End of the universe? Naaaaah, I'll do it another aeon."

[@robinchesterfield42]

Or, alternate version: Broke: Prevent my own death Woke: Prevent EVERYTHING'S death

[@ganaraminukshuk0]

Black Hole Farming -> Upgrade Iron Stars -> Upgrade Postponing the Heat Death of the Universe -> Perfect

[@usernamesrlamo]

As Issac pointed out in this episode, ‘intellectuals’ have no better answer to the ‘origin’ and ‘end’ of the universe than do ‘peasants.’ We are ALL peasants.

[@tonikotinurmi9012]

@ Nah, you are. And I'll add (not sure any of pretending, religion, magic are decent things to add to a sentence containing word "real"). Oh, btw, magic is real, see delayed two-slit experiment.

[@irwtla1]

21:56 Sooooo ... you're saying there's INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR MEANINGFUL ANSWER? No problem. I'll check back later.

[@protonjinx]

ten trillion years into the future, the isaac arthur tutorials will be kindergarten mandatory teachings.

[@rogeriopenna9014]

His name is ISAAC (Asimov) ARTHUR (C.Clarke). It's obvious he wrote this episode thinking of THE LAST QUESTION short story by Asimov.

[@mrsheldon9134]

Does anyone else feel like all of Isaac Arthur’s best videos are the ones regarding the end of the universe?

[@artemis_smith]

Never been here this early. Happy Arthursday y'all

[@dr.8553]

"Shhhh! Be burwy burwy qwiet, I'm hunting newtwinos."

[@sean-fj9wj]

I'm very happy you made this vid, I feel like there are so many depressing videos on youtube on how the Universe will die and after I watch them I always ask the question " But what could we do?" and today I finally get my answer and I thank you for that.

[@RezoJaco]

And AC said, "LET THERE BE LIGHT!" And there was light----

[@motters234]

let there be Sound. DeC

[@plaguex1]

Haha good one guys. Classic ACDC song :)

[@paulwalsh2344]

Asimov reference goes clearly overhead... ... not that I don't appreciate a Scott lyric...

[@samsungtelevision695]

Paul Walsh some of us caught it. One of the best sci-fi stories of all time in my opinion

[@dmitrylesov]

I'm absolutely addicted to this channel. Thank you, Isaac.

[@dongiovanni4331]

You're saying we CAN'T stave off the heat death of the universe with the angst of young girls?

[@megadeathx]

It's not an infinitely sustainable solution. You can do it, but it's like paying down the national debt, you'll still eventually default on the deficit.

[@price8346]

I knew there would be at least one Incubator in the comments.

[@AeroAngel111]

If you're willing to sacrifice yourself for the fate of the universe, feel free to contact me. ／人◕ ‿‿ ◕人＼

[@angeldude101]

It would be so much better if the energy released could be slowed such that it can still be collected and used, but wouldn't completely destroy the power source... It wouldn't give as much in a full charge, but would be capable being reused and recharged indefinitely, giving over time a theoretically _infinite_ amount of energy. I'd imagine the accompanying immortality for those being used could be appealing enough to get them on-board with the whole plan. Because thermodynamics in this series wasn't f'ed up enough already.

[@ravenlord4]

You can, but don't lose your head over it.

[@GiancarloPaniccia]

The ultimate "hold my beer".

[@Milennin]

Came to the comments for Madoka. I'm not disappointed...

[@littlegravitas9898]

This channel postpones my heat death.

[@anarchyantz1564]

Forget winter. Heat death is coming.

[@LoveScreamTrue]

Amazing. Can listen you to no end.

[@tariqahmad1371]

By the time the universe ends, humanity or some advanced race may find a way to circumvent the end by through some method of changing the laws of the universe and probably become there own gods. Maybe even recreating the universe(s) for their own ends. Maybe like Marvel's "Eternals" or "the one above all" the ultimate powerful being in the omniverse

[@tonikotinurmi9012]

Or faster - hence Fermi Paradox solution.

[@cybercomputerized2074]

I still have faith that a star trek universe and warping space is a reality.

[@IABITVpresents]

Our descendants all grow up to be like Q. Awesomesauce.

[@jgr7487]

I love the art of this channel's thumbnails! happy arthursday, btw!

[@ddis29]

i love and am jealous of your optimism.

[@SmartK8]

Love the new music theme!

[@zonetrooper5]

Love these videos, would be interesting to see how much of this could turn out to be true in the future.

[@pentagramprime1585]

16:57 I'm gonna jump back in time so that I can be the first to comment on all SFIA back episodes.

[@timothymclean]

If time travel is invented, you'll have to get in line.

[@Reddotzebra]

A lot of science fiction depicts space as being cold and illustrates this by pouring water into it and then having it flash freeze. What they seldom tell their audience is however that the reason this happens is that the water expands until the heat it contains is so distributed that it freezes, it doesn't freeze because what's around it is cold, it freezes because it's trying to fill all that space.

[@krisspychissp]

It would be so badass to completely defy the universe and fight against entropy to stay alive

[@seanbrazell6147]

Pessimism seems to have become our national pastime these days. But not here. Thank you for that.

[@malus420]

Issac Arthur Thursdays!

[@johnsmith-vn9cs]

>forward video to Kyubey

[@vagatronics]

I absolutely love this channel! Found it from Joe Scott! I agree with you on a lot. Been thinking about a lot of those thinks myself.

[@DarkDestinybyC]

Great documentary on theories man! Really plugs my brain into thinking

[@Dingusdoofus]

When you ask the most advanced computer ever made if entropy can be reversed. The computer: What, you high on something?

[@carso1500]

No, it says "no problem can't be solved with enough time and information collected" and then "let it be light"

[@robinchesterfield42]

@@carso1500 And for some reason, the number "42". Nobody knows quite why...

[@allanroberts7129]

As always, a fantastic episode. I do have one relatively (pun intended) irrelavent tidbit to add conserning ftl drives and time travel. Just because you can circumvent relative causality by shifting from one location to another faster than light does not necessarily imply time travel. It only necessarily implies that you can travel to a location that is in a later state than the one currently observable by your original location. Consider I use a hypothetical alcubierre drive that doesn't change my velocity. I can travel to some arbitrary location faster than a signal I sent in that direction and can potentially intercept and divert a laser I had previously fired. I cannot, however, return to my original location before I set off, much less before I sent the laser. In fact, because there is no change in velocity for circumvential drives like alcubierre, using one to travel would cause the ftl pilot to age faster than a conventional drive pilot who accelerates and decelerates due to relativity slowing the passage of time when at relativistic speeds. It's also why we will never (probably) get sent back in time to the big bang despite appearing to travel away from other galaxies at ftl velocities. Despite appearing to be violating causality ourselves in our own galaxy, we aren't actually moving (again, relativily speaking).

[@tejing2001]

The problem with this is special relativity. It states that all of physics works the same under lorentz transformations, and any 2 events that you would have to travel faster than light to move between can have their time order reversed by a valid lorentz transformation. Basically, all FTL travel IS time travel from someone's perspective. So if you combine FTL travel from one person's perspective with FTL travel from the perspective of someone with a different velocity, you can get true time travel back to your own causal past. If you can do it in one perspective, you can do it in the other, unless there's some "special" velocity that's different from the others in an absolute way (which would be totally new physics. everything we know says there isn't).

[@Gnevnyj]

Very interesting solution to the Fermi Paradox! Also, I always thought of the accelerating expansion as the saddest property for an exploration as it will eventually make exploring other galaxies even theoretically impossible. You're the first person to show me a positive side of this phenomenon, its isolation of us from our potential self- and Universe-destructive neighbors.

[@david0aloha]

Thanks. I needed this.

[@tamhewitt-baker5602]

If you have a book. I can promise I would buy it but not that I would fully understand it.

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

:) I generally tend to be of the opinion that if you're a 'science communicator' and folks can't understand your book, it wasn't worth writing. I probably will get around to writing one at some point though

[@SkylordNiko]

@@isaacarthurSFIA we will all be waiting for this book! :)

[@TraditionalAnglican]

Isaac Arthur - Sounds like R.P. Feynman who once said, “If you can’t explain something in simple terms, you don’t understand it.” kottke.org/17/06/if-you-cant-explain-something-in-simple-terms-you-dont-understand-it

[@YodaWhat]

@@TraditionalAnglican Feynman was paraphrasing Einstein.

[@rogeriopenna9014]

@@YodaWhat Einstein was paraphrasing me.

[@JB52520]

About reversible computing, only a miniscule amount of energy becomes heat when reading and storing the results. This means computing can't be perfectly reversible, but it could still sidestep the Landauer limit, and the results won't be erased by reversal. (If I understand correctly)

[@cosmicparticles9658]

Your imagination is amazing Isaac, truly inspiring thanks!

[@i_am_anxious0247]

This is the first astronomy video I've seen truly end on a hopeful note.

[@TTV5]

Humanity: Can we alter the universe to prevent its death billions of years into the future? Also humanity: *Organizes a rally to protest social distancing measures intended to stop the spread of a virus*

[@IkeReviews]

Also humanity birds aren't real

[@the_Fisher_King]

Humanity really be like 'the earth is flat' 'fossils are fake and natural selection is not real'

[@Orthanc6]

To summarize: We must put all our research into preventing the Spiral Nemesis from destroying the universe.

[@thefoundingtitanerenyeager2345]

Gurren Lagan 🥶🥶🥶

[@LordOberic1]

Excellent video and topic.

[@avrahamishshalom1799]

Wow! One of your best episodes!

[@emptyblue6530]

I had this idea to make the deck of cards == heat death analogy more accurate to the idea of lowering entropy over time; If the universe is a deck of cards, heat death is the game of solitaire it is being used for

[@davidbegone3577]

Thank you again Issac, for creating/developing another awesome episode. I'm not sure that I will continue to exist till we get to black hole farming but at least there may be an option to continue ad infinitum. The mathematics of it gives me hope, especially after learning about bifurcation and the special Feigenbaum Constant 4.669...number in which humans(changing/transformed) in theory should never drop to 0. So far it does comport with our reality on Earth. We technically still coexist with dinosaurs(alligators, crocodiles, Rhinos, and Birds). So maybe one day in the distant future I will get to meet a different version of yourself.

[@aarondyer.pianist]

I think this is one of your best because you address larger cosmological issues very directly and simply.

[@sanctus864]

Always a fantastic video!

[@nineflames2863]

／人◕ ‿‿ ◕人＼

[@whtbobwntsbobget]

Crab people!

[@aapzehrsteurer9000]

Is that a Madoka Magica reference?

[@annoyed707]

The last time I was this early, it was the heat death of the previous universe.

[@henrytjernlund]

Another awesome video. Thanks.

[@pms9838]

loved this one Isaac

[@belisarian6429]

Why not harvest dark energy to combat it? I mean we dont know how to harvest it directly, but we know its effects, it accelerates stuff away from us, so just build universe long mass driver like construction and drop projectile in it. Instead of shooting it from mass driver we will just drop projectile there and leave expansion to accelerate it from us and harvest energy from that acceleration by mass driver construction, like moving magnet trough coil. If mass driver will be long enough we will harvest more energy than its needed for creation of projectile thus it will produce surplus of energy and that energy can be used for anything.

[@airborneranger-ret]

And I'm in my happy place :)

[@milky_wayan]

one of my favorite episodes in recent memory. that intro! that outro!

[@mrgbig6237]

I've been going through your videos quite a bit after discovering you recently, and I love it all. Some of your older videos reference your speech impediment. I actually like your speech impediment, it keeps me engaged with what your saying because I have to pay closer attention and I comprehend it more because of that. I'll also say that you've improved quite a lot over the years, and the little bit that's left keeps my mind busy while listening to your great videos. Keep up the great work!

[@fatalshore5068]

Our entire universe is just a buritto that some creature warmed up for lunch and forgot about. Now it's just sitting on a bench getting cold.

[@Dingusdoofus]

We could do any of that, or we can just use a cow farm, a sugarcane farm, and a nether portal at a certain snapshot to achieve infinite resources (Kinda)

[@Alpha1200]

25:15 - Thanks for the nightmares, Isaac.

[@gottafly2day]

Damn Isaac, you are the master of dissecting and explaining complex subjects. Very impressive.

[@English_Lessons_Pre-Int_Interm]

Some humans think that our mission is to prevent the death of the Universe. "stop the enthropy" they say. If we survive our messing with ecology, and continue evolving for quadrillions of years, then we will have to do something or just watch our own extinction.

[@mikelfunderburk5912]

Just a comment for the A.I. algorithm.

[@sharkylpd4]

Time to learn. Thank you sir.

[@thelastroman7791]

Happy Arthursday everyone!

[@mortified776]

15:23 I wanna loop this and make it my ring tone.

[@bilbo_gamers6417]

from what ive gathered, isaac arthur puts more faith in entropy reversal being possible than in faster than light travel being possible.

[@vansdan.]

"... might change our outlook on the matter. Amusingly, if darkly so..." 😉 you're a treasure, Isaac

[@jintarokensei3308]

We're running out of time people... Let's get on this come on!

[@piyushmenon4987]

If we can become a Type 4/5 civilization in a few trillion years, we might have a chance to do so. We might not be able to reverse entropy(unless the Laws Of Thermodynamics turn out to be wrong, which is likely since we still know very little about the Universe), but we'll definitely try something to postpone it, if preventing it completely is indeed impossible. We might discover other universes with lower entropy, and maybe even find a way to get there. But we'll have to take down a lot of other threats coming at us, or else we might go extinct before Heat Death occurs. If we can do that, great. At the end of the day however, this could all be wrong. But let's just be hopeful. Being optimistic and wrong is better than being pessimistic and right.

[@WonkelDee]

A civilization that advanced may just migrate to a higher dimension or create universes ideal for their purposes.

[@piyushmenon4987]

​@@WonkelDee Maybe.

[@glitchp]

I love it when you get into the Landauer Limit

[@acorgiwithacrown467]

The fact that we can even consider such solutions billions of years ahead of time is quite remarkable.

[@IkeReviews]

Yep I made 3 solutions to escape the end of the universe 1. Time travel 2. Travel to another universe 3. Create our own universe

[@sapien82]

id heard a physicist say heat death is the ultimate end for a universe , so any advanced civilsation knowing this would seek to create their own universe using a machine which can create vast quantities of energy enough to create a big bang type deal creating a new pocket of space with low entropy then seed life into this new universe bubble , so maybe that is exactly what we are , a life boat from a previous dying universe and basically we need to stay alive long enough to figure out how to make our own and do the same , but I think we are likely one of many

[@sk8erboy551]

Do u have any videos on how civilization in the late universe may still travel in between galaxies? Despite the impossible distances