Examples of s-p Mixing in Molecular Orbital Theory

Admittedly, my prior tutorial on MO theory was a little confusing, and had some errors. I wanted to make things right, so here's another one! This will clarify some of the basic concepts, and will also extend them to discuss a new concept, s-p mixing. Let's dive right in!
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Professor Dave, I don't know how to thank you enough! I'm in an advanced physical organic chemistry class right now, and we're learning qualitative molecular orbital theory. This video is going to be an incredible asset!! Would you consider making any more videos on this topic?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

i'll put it on the list!

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thank you sm! starting organic now and completely forgot what the molecular orbital theory was since it's been nearly a year since I took genchem. this video was comprehensive enough that most of it came flooding back. much thanks!

[@realest_isopod6417]

Currently taking bioinorganic chemistry and needed to brush up on my MO knowledge from gen chem, this was an excellent review! Many thanks

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Definitely needed this in December! It's great that you're continuing the rest of the theory

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Thanq dave,i searched for this concept for 3 years,but in this video i have gained full clarity

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As usual great stuff, I really hope you know how great your content is! Really explains things clearly and succinctly.

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U don't have to mention india here

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I'm studying in Italy. My Italian professors make everything sound so difficult. You make everything sound so easy! 😍❤

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Thanks a lot...your lectures had gave me too much knowledge - concepts and skills to learn all about Chemistry especially Organic Chemistry... I have a request, please make a big playlist of Amazing problems that came (or likely to come) in Competitive Exams (like JEE ADVANCED in India and all other exams)

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This video was hands down incredible

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Well explained professor! Regards from, India🇮🇳

[@ankitsehgal8026]

Sir I was in doubt since last 2 years about reason of s-p mixing.. Finally I got my answer.. Thnku so much.. Befor that, I saw many videos, books but never get satisfied answer about s-p mixing

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The haircut caught me off guard... but it looks good! Appreciate your videos

[@fellowearthling4609]

Just today I was thinking about how I need to watch more videos on MO theory bc I'm having trouble visualizing certain things, and I was roaming around on your channel when I saw this video had coincidentally just been posted! Nice

[@kanivakil198]

7:50 s-p mixing

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MOT digrams never fail to kill me.

[@LadyShaydex]

why?

[@roxiethecockapoo1138]

I have watched so many videos and read so many theories but could not seem to figure this out. When you relied it to wave patterns, it made complete sense. Thank you!

[@hrabdullah4221]

Very very Helpful. Thanks.From-Bangladesh

[@ardvark8950]

Very nice, but it does not quite explain the origin of why sp mixing actually occurs. Yes indeed, the symmetry of mixing orbitals needs to be correct and yes, the energy difference of mixing orbitals may not be too large. This is however not enough to explain why it happens. A more complete reasoning is based on thermodynamic considerations causing the molecule to strive to lowest total electronic energy when its molecular orbitals are filled with electrons. If a lower total energy can be achieved by sp mixing as compared to a situation without such mixing, then mixing will occur. Of course such only with orbitals of the correct symmetry and comparable energy as explained in the video.

[@janhoffmann4926]

Actually your statement about valence-bond theory is a bit inadequate. Applied correctly, it describes the diatomic Oxygen just as well as MO-theory. Saying VB-theory would predict a wrong dioxygen-groundstate would be somehow like saying MO-theory would predict a wrong dissociation-behaviour of the dihydrogen-molecule. For MO-theory that is true for the Hartree-Fock closed shell approximation as it is for simply using the Lewis-Structure and neglecting symmetry in VB-theory. Both theories, however, can be formulated in an CI-way and those formulations converge.

[@balwanjadhav2455]

How the electron overlap constructively and ditructively at the same time to form bonding and antibonding orbitals

[@darpa1987]

Dave you are amazing

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Helped so much

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Wow, nicely explained

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Thank you sir

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Thank you

[@ricardo19986]

Very helpful

[@chanteswonderland1630]

still wondering i see sigma p and p* all going down in energy as Z increase , so which part did i misunderstood when mentioned they going up energy? i see the trend they are going down but the delta E is increase, does that part u mentioned the E gap or just simply the orbital energy level for sigma p n p* 🤔🤔🤔😣😣? thanks for clarification, and do we have heteronuclear diatomic molecular for CO and NO or CN - so on as well 🤔🤔🤔👍👍👍thank u again for making science easier for the world

[@ashvinpatel4735]

I think that is comparison of sigma s and *s to sigma p and p* Sigma s and s* becomes more stable so it has lower enegy than p and p*

[@josephgeraci7039]

Great video

[@magn8195]

At 8:08 don't all the orbital energies decrease from left to right? I don't understand this explanation.

[@luftatmer]

i would look forward to a video going deeper into nodes and node planes (if that is their english name)

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Nice video

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Professor Dave, looking good

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You're a king!

[@rachelaranda677]

Wouldn't there be 8 bonding electrons? If not where is the 10 coming from?

[@elliotskunk]

so how does this link to hybridisation - ie, when would something hybridise and bond, and when would something just bond. do they always hybridise unless theyre really big (i.e H2Te vs H2O - because electron orbitals are so far away) in this video it seems to be presented as the p orbitals just overlap, and the s orbitals are full so they stay out of it. is this the case, or have you just omitted hybridisation for the sake of this video (i know i have asked the same questions twice, reworded) cheers Dave edit: s-p mixing, is this hybridisation? what sthe difference?

[@ardvark8950]

It is effectively the same. Sp mixing is the term in MO theorie, while hybridisation comes from VB theorie. It just describes lineair combi of 2 orbitals.

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[@NatalieNguy]

Hi, I thought it was the VSEPR theory that gives the geometry of molecules (instead of the valence bond theory).

[@fakhrulnawawi9681]

According to your previous molecular orbital video, the order of orbital isn't the same, example N2 ( u did Sigma 2p followed by Pie 2p)..am I right?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

The other MO video has some errors, if it contradicts this video then go by this video, it's correct.

[@fakhrulnawawi9681]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains got it .. thanks

[@chew9064]

so molecular orbitals are also delocalised thoughout the molecule? how does that work? They dont have specific shapes?

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Hi DAVE HOW ARE THINGS??

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

oh you know pretty good!

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Good

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Oh thank god. He didn't say "now lets check comprehension" at the end.

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what's wrong with comprehension I love that part of his videos :/ it's got fun music and everything

[@fakhrulnawawi9681]

how smaller radius lead to lower energy level of orbital ?

[@eliotjanssens6139]

7:12 is their a way to know this without the diagram?

[@chanteswonderland1630]

and why having two electron making 2p energy higher 🤔🤔😣😣😣coz all i saw was orbital level dropping though SOS i think thats my blind spot dont get it here

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[@sirmohsinexplains6123]

prof you are wrong at 6:13 because correct calculation is 8 - 4 / 2

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Watch and listen more carefully. I'm including the 1s electrons that are not explicitly shown.

[@sirmohsinexplains6123]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains thanks prof

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Wow you look great

[@axelandersson6314]

7:19. Why is 2s sigma antibonding lower energy than all of the 2p bonding orbitals? Don't antibonds lower the stability of compounds?

[@Error-yh3xr]

Antibonding orbitals are less stable than their bonding MO.Not the above. Remember, AFBAU is still applicable.

[@axelandersson6314]

@@Error-yh3xr What do you mean with "not the above"?

[@K.O.W504]

@@axelandersson6314 not the above means not the other MO's that are above it (e.g., 2sigma anitbonding is lower in energy than 3sigma bonding and antibonding).

[@axelandersson6314]

@@K.O.W504 Yeah. Doesn't that make the graph incorrect?

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5:15 A pig to be chemically roasted?

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Mr Aufbau was a wise man

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Didn’t understand a thing

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