Ruby Laser

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Ruby Laser
Ruby laser is a solid state laser. It consists of a pink ruby cylindrical rod whose ends are optically flat and parallel. one end of the rod is fully silvered and the other end is partially silvered. the rod is surrounded by a high intensity helical flash lamp filled with xenon gas which provides sufficient light to produce population inversion.
Ruby is crystalline aluminium oxide(Al2O3) doped with 0.05% of chromium atoms.here some of the aluminium ions in the crystal are replaced by Chromium ions.the Al2O3 is known as host crystal and Cr atoms are called activator atoms. Here the chromium ions gives the transparent Al2O3 crystal pink or red color depending upon the concentration.
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