SANGEET ME SWAR KITNE HOTE HAI ? संगीत में कितने स्वर होते हैं ।

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आइये गुरु शिष्य परंपरा सीरीज़ के माध्यम से संगीत को समझते है ।गुरु -शिष्य की वार्तालाप जिसके अंतर्गत शिष्य अपने सांगीतिक प्रश्न अपने गुरु के सामने रखता है । ये वे प्रश्न है जो हर प्रारंभिक विद्यार्थी के मन मे आते ही है इनके उत्तर हमे इस सीरीज़ के माध्यम से देखने को मिलेंगे तथा साथ ही सांगीतिक चर्चा होगी जो नितांत आवश्यक है इस चर्चा के अंतर्गत संगीत के प्रारंभिक पक्ष से लेकर उच्च स्तर तक हम धीरे धीरे बढ़ेंगे ।
Basic Music Elements
Sound (overtone, timbre, pitch, amplitude, duration)
Melody.
Harmony.
Rhythm.
Texture.
Structure/form.
Expression (dynamics, tempo, articulation)
Indian classical music has two foundational elements, raga and tala. The raga, based on a varied repertoire of swara (notes including microtones), forms the fabric of a deeply intricate melodic structure, while the tala measures the time cycle.How do I start learning classical music?
Typically, those who learn Indian classical music begin their training as children under private tutors. Most Indian towns and cities have private tutors who offer individual or group lessons in vocal or instrumental music, and children usually attend these lessons after school.The Notes in an Octave
Seven Notes (swara) & 12 Pitches (shruti)
In Hindustani (North Indian) classical music, an octave is called saptak and has seven notes called swara. These notes are sa, re, ga, ma, pa, dha, ni (similar to the Western do re mi fa so la ti).
The first and fifth notes (sa and pa) have only one variant. The other five notes (re, ga, ma, dha, and ni) have two variants each. The notes re, ga, dha, and ni have natural and flat variants, while ma has a natural and a sharp variant. All together, therefore, there are 12 distinct pitches (shruti) in an octave when variants are included.
The video below demonstrates the 12 notes in an octave using a keyboard, while showing the difference between the natural and flat/sharp variants of each note. In each case, the natural variant is sung first followed by the flat or sharp variant. I use C as my starting point (sa) and have color-coded the natural notes red, the flat notes pink, and the sharp note maroon.
What is a Raga?
Ragas are derived from scales, so let's begin by trying to understand what a scale is.
An octave has 12 notes. A scale is a musical theme created by choosing a specific set of notes from within these 12 notes. Think of the 12 notes in an octave as 12 different colors. Now, what if you chose only a few of those twelve colors for a painting? Say you choose violet, blue, green, yellow and orange. You could create an endless number of beautiful paintings with this color scheme. Every time you paint with it, the result could be something different. And yet, all of those paintings would share a certain recognizable quality, and they would stand apart from paintings based on other color schemes. And that is how it is with a scale.
The idea of scales is actually quite fundamental to all music. The music of ancient Greece was based on modes, which are similar to scales. In Western music today, you have major, minor, pentatonic, jazz, blues, and other scales. The video below uses a keyboard to show the ten parent scales in Indian classical music.How is Indian classical music taught?
Indian classical music is generally passed down in an oral tradition where the student would spend many years with their 'guru', developing a very special, spiritual bond, imbibing all aspects of the music along with philosophical and moral principles that shape them for life.What are the two types of Indian classical music?
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The two dominant genres of Indian music are North Indian Hindustani classical music, and South Indian Carnatic classical music.What Is Indian Classical Music?
Do you want to learn Indian classical music? For that, you will need to know what this music is all about.
The origin of classical music dates back to the Vedic scripts. It’s generally acknowledged that the Sama Veda forms the basis of Indian classical music. The Vedas used to contain Vedic hymns and mantras that were chanted during Vedic rituals with the help of three to seven notes. While chanting the hymns a musical rhythm developed.
Classical music is connected to Nature. It’s because it has taken inspiration from natural phenomena, like seasons for creating ‘ragas’ and times of the days for time-cycles or ‘taals’.
Basics
Music usually involves three elements - melody, cadence, and harmony. But for classical music, its spiritual nature makes it a single pursuit that centers mostly around melodic development.
If you want to learn Indian classical music, you must learn the basic concepts of Indian music. It includes swara, shruti, alankar, raga, and taal.
Swara (Notes): Indian music consists of seven musical notes: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni.
Raga (Melodies): It constitutes the musical mood with distinct melodic phrases and twists to bring out emotion.