Seneca Village: African Americans in early New York

A conversation between Dr. Diana Wall and Dr. Steven Zucker in Central Park about Seneca Village
If you are a descendant of a Seneca Village resident, or know someone who is, please contact the Seneca Village Project at: diana.diz.wall[at]gmail.com.
A Smarthistory ARCHES video

[@BrwnSkinBeauty]

Imagine having such a rich history to only go unnoticed and under appreciated. 🤦🏾‍♀️

[@ChiefJayBinns]

#MoorsPeople #BlackAmericans #Ethiopians #SierraLeonean This has happened throughout history by 'usually' the same perpetrator SMH

[@SamboDestroyer]

So true

[@thomassperduti4500]

Indeed!

[@peggyd16]

Its known by a lot of African Americans. We just have to talk about it and teach it. It has been ommitted but now we seize the opportunity to let the world know

[@CradleEpiscopalian56]

Doesn't surprise me at all.

[@sherrisolomon2843]

The original genrtrification.

[@FaithandNova]

In America the original gentrification was taking the land from the Natives.

[@jaibanks7151]

@@FaithandNova True!

[@JassminaVellucci]

Faith Kings It is true facts.

[@tinadaron1509]

Exactly!! As I watch my Los Angeles neighborhood being snatched with my own eyes, it pisses me off every time I drive past these homes that are selling for $850,000 and up knowing that I can't even afford to live there anymore. It's heartbreaking and wrong!

[@yesid17]

@@FaithandNova thank you our nations our still here and we would still like our land back just a reminder to the settler-colonial state lol

[@diannamendez9135]

And they say there should be no reparations

[@dejab.5454]

Right!! Thats the only solution is Reparations

[@oiputthatback7361]

James Buchanan . It’s ok , your feelings hasn’t nothing to do with giving people what is rightly there. My prayer for you is this , that you are short change, not get what you pay for , pay for work and they don’t turn up , people at your work get a pay rise and you are overlooked. In short , money that is owed you somehow disappear ,let’s see how you feel.

[@jamesbuchanan6256]

@@oiputthatback7361 well lets talk about it. How do you expect it to work?

[@oiputthatback7361]

James Buchanan . Mr Buchanan , there is no quick fix solution. It would involve records of people whose families are descendants of slaves. Who was given their 40 acres of land an a mule. Those you would eliminate , if that was the criteria of the day. The others that did not receive it , what is the amount of that land today. Now going back to the time others went into slavery , what should they have been paid , also there is such a thing of pain and suffering caused . That’s only a start. Can I tell you that the British compensated the slave owners in the Carribean for the lost of ‘ revenue “ when slavery was abolished there. Haiti , has paid the French over the years , what amount to Billions , for the lost of “ revenue “ due to the audacity , of the Haiti revolution , led by Toussaint L’Overture , and others. Now I pose this question , if the 40 acres and a mule was given , would there be a problem?!, a struggle ongoing. I think not , struggle and resents only grow and fester , when a right hasn’t been dealt with. Like a cancer it will continue to grow and over take everything if left on check. You may look at my reply and say , nah , rubbish , not gonna work , but you know it’s a start. That is all I can give you at this moment. Who knows , maybe wisdom with clarity may come in the wee small hours of the morning. Here is the bottom line , keep your word. When you say you are going to do something , do it. Instead of fighting TO BE RIGHT , DO WHAT IS RIGHT.

[@jamesbuchanan6256]

@@oiputthatback7361 yes, you make numerous valid and reasonable points. As you say there is a lot that would have to be considered when making a decision. I agree with you, I do not think it is a clear decision.

[@TheCNSR]

🤦🏾‍♂️ it wasn't by chance that Seneca Village just so happened to be where they thought a park needed to be. The Freeman were building an economy there and with a lot of them working out of the village and bringing cash back to the village, so they got that law made to go there and bury the progress.

[@Pysnpai]

They always gentrify and use emanate domain and other laws against blacks and other people of color. Just like with the interstates. Always through black neighborhoods.

[@sandra-jones]

@@Pysnpai or simply burning down black owned towns

[@glorymosbyfloyd3878]

FACTS

[@AuthorLHollingsworth]

Our ancestors went through so much, and without these great historians and archeologist, this history would have never been known. This history isn't in history books. Gentrification isn't new, but has been going on for ages. Thanks, for this content.

[@tomahawkbd6556]

Boo fucking hoo

[@tomahawkbd6556]

You didnt go through shit. Go back to Africa.

[@jcofer3074]

This is bitter sweet for me. I am kinda furious. People of African descent have been dealing with this for generations. Cheated out of literally everything then people expect that trauma to have no impact. When the impact is the main intention. The damage has been done and is continuously perpetuated.

[@saldoug7467]

What part of this of this is sweet ??

[@Oceanusnovas-um2zf]

No sense in getting upset for something you cannot change just live your life NOW and CREATE the type life you want for yourself and children if you have any.

[@idontgiveafaboutyou]

Desirea Winton seriously? The KKK isn’t even relevant anymore and a lot of whites have spoken up about what has happened with blacks.

[@derrickberry5453]

Why can't it be the American, The Original Man and woman of this continent.

[@jcofer3074]

@@derrickberry5453 What do you mean and what are you referring to?

[@adamm.6386]

Most states in the U.S. had rich African American communities, years after slavery, before they were outlawed and evicted under threats of force, from the state completely. This is not a single incident. Thank you for shedding light on this particular topic. It puts much of what I've learned about N.Y. into context.

[@tracienatural2405]

@@only1god19 American slavery officially started in 1619. Officially anyway ...

[@only1god19]

@@tracienatural2405 No, in 1619 the first so called African slaves brought to Virginia weren't slave at all, rather prisoners of war the Colonists captured a Spanish pirate ship there was no paperwork for the so called slaves aboard and they were seized. So we don't know where those people came from to call them "African", let alone slaves.

[@marcusduty3376]

Us as African Americans have alot of history and other Americans need to know how to treat us better.We won't go away we been here and we last until the end.

[@misst.e.a.187]

You don't need to wait to be treated better; you need to properly unite and become a strong and positive force of your own making.

[@monstersamator5288]

The blacks were very hard working community and wanted to be self seficient. The whites broke the blacks family values to the point they cant even recover til today.

[@derrickberry5453]

The African American and Black talk is how they got us. You should consider doing your genealogy to find your nation.

[@copperdee3073]

We ain't "Africans"

[@ninifuck1]

Amazing! And the 14 people who dislike this really? What do you dislike exactly? History that your can’t digest?

[@aquilachefba-ados]

Trolls... that's all.. smh..

[@misst.e.a.187]

It's pointless being concerned about such things. The picture is far larger than their opinions.

[@sherriebyese8597]

Plus it shows them to be the lazy ones. Always projecting.

[@idontgiveafaboutyou]

There’s going to be dislikes in a lot of KZbin videos. Nothing new.

[@sistakia33]

Imagine turning around and realizing your past was erased behind you. Disorienting to say the least.

[@mosquitoinyourears9973]

So now you understand Tulsa and Rosewood

[@derrickberry5453]

There you go.

[@SuperSpace2009]

And they are many more! Google towns own by black people! Our lands were taken away just like the Indians. But we can't get Reparations for what has happened to us!

[@melanietoth1376]

I did my masters in history and found a village in Ohio that was African American/Wyandot in Ohio. It existed on and off on maps from 1790 until removal after 1830...as far as I could find. Some of the early fighters for black rights visited including the founder of the AME. It's not in easily available American history and takes digging to find. The visit from the black leaders from the east was only reported in one text....and that text only had one run in publication. It's a very rare text and only a couple exist now. No one has attempted archeology in the area so far but at least one building still stands.

[@laustin2832]

Thank you for that. I live in Ohio and have heard of the city, but not the history.

[@vanessaboyd3798]

We need more Black Historians to uncover our erased History.So we make our own History Books 🖤😷🌏🌍🌎 Be Safe Be Well

[@pbjsilverstudio4882]

Thank you for doing this important work. I’ve always known that African Americans had SO MUCH MORE to do with the establishment and growth of our country but also that so much history of it was almost entirely wiped out.

[@bobbybrown1389]

Which is why listening to people like Kanye West and Candace Owens who are totally clueless about the real history of blacks in America is rediculous and how it's very important that you read and research for yourselves about our past

[@missmsmrs.7309]

Truth!

[@THANOS736]

ABSOLUTELY

[@dolandlydia]

How are they wrong?

[@thegeminiguy1065]

They never deny African American history. They speak about the present.

[@slimtee2]

@@dolandlydia he said they were clueless...which they are, though I have a few choice words myself.

[@lisajackson1476]

We should make that part of our reparations package we want it back..

[@LedePat]

Yes along with other events that took place

[@nicks4523]

Truly fascinated by this piece. It should be taught not only in NYC public schools, but for all American educational institutions.

[@vkmoon623]

It gets deeper and deeper Ya'll!😪 Better days are coming tho!😁🙏

[@streetscholar2276]

We should be compensated for the work our ancestors put in

[@thegeminiguy1065]

That will never happen. The people that enslaved our people are long dead and the government will never do it. I say put work into our communities now and make something out of them.

[@streetscholar2276]

The Gemini Guy if we don’t get repaired it’s definitely over for us power wise...so your right just keep surviving

[@patriciacherry9733]

Reparations Now Reparations Forever.

[@carolyngardner4999]

Mummmmm, I wonder how many are buried are still there.

[@user-rb4gq2rx8n]

I live 2 blocks from Central Park, & never knew this. Thank for this.

[@multyz1]

Well Africa is the place that can unite all black people. We should keep on dreaming about equality which is probably 200 years away.

[@Lefthandedginger]

Why was this not taught in my history class? Why did my parents not tell me about this? Why at 31 am I just now hearing about this?

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Simple answer because you rely on others to educate you. Dig into some books at the library and educate yourself.

[@Jclass88]

City of lost and taken away by rich dummies and government, right in central park

[@missmsmrs.7309]

IKR.... and to think the story that was in the news a couple of weeks ago about the Black birdwatcher. Lies have always been told about Black ppl and the whole wide world knows it!

[@batman_2004]

A beautiful park with a dark history.

[@tuushietime]

All over the country this happened.

[@moniquegardner5280]

Amazing! Never heard of Seneca Village African American settlement & Irish community present day Central Park. Looking forward to doing more research. As a black woman in awe of my people.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

NYC archives has good searchable info on it.

[@lotylelemon8617]

Irish and germans came later they accepted them in. Black joe who was the first inhabitant of buffalo was of seneca. Surprised it stretched to the city 5:03-5:10

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Yeah the English treated blacks Germans and Irish all like crap.

[@susiq1121]

Thank you for your work

[@a.turner8813]

Thank u. Everytime I walk through there yiu can feel the souls.

[@philliplyn2692]

Loving this one thanks for sharing very important information giving thanks blessed love to all knowledge is power hopefully everyone pays attention keep up the good work 🙏🙏🙏🇯🇲🇯🇲🇯🇲💪💪💪

[@reneedennis2011]

Wow! Fascinating! Thank you for uploading this!

[@jocelynpettis5268]

So they lost their homes.. With no payment WOW! 💔💔

[@smarthistory-art-history]

Yes. Apparently, payments were made for the homes, but the amounts paid were below market value according to reports of the time.

[@kathyhenderson2114]

I was told by a researcher their houses were bombed.

[@DarkmanXSincere]

@@kathyhenderson2114 that was Tulsa

[@UptownNYC]

@2:40 it FREAKS ME THE FUCK OUT looking at the photo from 1862 that I'm currently living in a building where that tree on the left was standing and that's what my neighborhood originally looked like... MIND BLOWN 🤯🤯

[@tammyross5845]

Wow just amazing! I love genealogy and enjoy doing research for others! As well as my own.. I’d love to look into this and ancestral names in depth! Thank you for this information!

[@thegeminiguy1065]

The NYC archives have alot of info on it. The home sales deeds and government alottment given for the property records are there.

[@thomasrobertson9357]

I've been knowing about this for a while now. Our history should never be allowed to be forgotten

[@ginagibson407]

My oldest son name is Seneca his dad named him after reading about Seneca village so sad how the people of Seneca village were not treated fairly not by a long shot there still are a lot of Seneca villages all over the world history can be so important but terribly sad in the details of something to be proud of those who lived in the days that made what once was is now history

[@blackirishrose4040]

It makes me angry that they hated us so much and some still do as of today. 😕😕😕😕

[@DivineFeminineDiaries]

Thank you for sharing this important piece of history.

[@deborah752]

✊🏿✊🏿✊🏿✊🏿✊🏿✊🏿

[@Kimo22425]

One more hidden African American history. History denied us history forgotten. Tragic!

[@lorisharay1593]

Its surprising (well not really) how much we do not study... I made it my duty to learn all of this and then some, it's never to late to educate oneself and never stop, learning is a continuous thing

[@thegeminiguy1065]

That is the right mindset. All these people say why was I taught this. It's like quit depending on others for everything and educate yourself. Respect to you and you thirst for knowledge.

[@keyshaross2665]

Eminent Domain: ahhh the bs legalese that they use to take whatever they want.

[@coacoa43]

Thank you. Most of us appreciate history and the truth.

[@corymatthews6778]

Why isn’t this taught in schools?

[@maggiemae5582]

Because the ones who writes the books

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Why doesn't anyone read. Why rely on others to educate you?

[@corymatthews6778]

@@thegeminiguy1065 what is the purpose of a teacher is it not to teach?

[@pamelawherey4583]

The big shots did the same thing in Pittsburgh. The Black Community was called The Hill, it was a thriving Black Community with dignity! It was purged by eviction, by Pittsburgh commissioners, to clear the way for a sports stadium called the "Civil Areana" , which has since then been demolished, and is a parking lot.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Yeah the commissioners their are never friendly.

[@pachamama8586]

Thank you very much and all the best!

[@way2g619]

No justice no peace .

[@lizziewalker9374]

It's fascinating to see these hidden truths come to light. Heartbreaking that so many of us grew up with history being taught only one way. A rich tapestry of information lost to us simply because the needs of the few were greater than the desires and wants of the many. I've long known that the history taught to me in school was incorrect. My parents were their own walking history book. Through their own personal experiences I learned about Jim Crow segregation, cotton picking and sharecropping. One of the hardest things to listen to was my father having to prepare bodies as a child of men who had been lynched. His grandfather was the one of the few African American undertakers in the south that had the respect of both blacks and whites as my father put it. While it seems harsh to have a child working in the funerary it is what you did as a child. I say to children everywhere, no matter your race, in this day and age when so much is available to you, you have a right to hear, learn, read and know the truth. Seek it out.

[@TonettaClay]

Thanks for this information highlighted!

[@dyannahdyan2222]

Never in our history books! Unbelievable!

[@thegeminiguy1065]

It's in some history books. It is in the books in the libraries. Like they say if you want to hide history, put it in a book.

[@lavere]

Growing up in the 80s, I went to school in Brooklyn and never once heard of this. I since have moved to Toronto, Canada and feel that was the best move for myself and family

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Yeah look up Canada's past and near history with the Natives. It'll change your perspective.

[@heybeautifulfaces]

There so many Freedmen's towns that were thriving by African Americans. Read Search Wilmington, NC 1898

[@donnacobb8182]

So much has been hidden from us in the past now it’s being revealed by bits and peace’s . The Tulsa massacre and this Seneca village and a lot more it’s very heartbreaking and hurtful !! I pray for this world 🌎 !!!

[@wandawilliams3110]

So excellent video!

[@artistrywithbela8238]

We need to get paid. All I see every where is how wrong we've been treated.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

The people of Seneca got paid for their homes, they were just way under valued. The government does this even today when they claim right of way. Why would we get paid for this, we didn't live there?

[@artistrywithbela8238]

@@thegeminiguy1065 appreciate the education. It was a expression for them. And all in deserving of help/support/uplift etc...

[@the8568]

Buggin' A'gAin-HunnAy the black folks also accepted the German and Irish immigrants into Seneca Village, only for the British to treat them poorly. That’s the problem with this country. Too many white folks hate on black folks for no reason, most being of British Descent.

[@teetot5276]

This is awesome

[@anitawatkins954]

My friend is Lyons. Her family was all born here in New York City. They go back over 100 years here.

[@angelabest3682]

Wow I lived down the street from this park and never knew about Seneca village

[@ms.branch1207]

Since African American was not a term at that time. So what word would be used here in real life????

[@misst.e.a.187]

How about simply American?

[@thegeminiguy1065]

I go by American.

[@kevinchambers1609]

They would have been called New Yorkers, just like today.

[@HSassyk2]

This is why I don't agree with tearing down monuments and forgetting about our history. Our kids and future generations need to know about the history of this country. I guess You Tube will be it.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Yes all this statue destruction is mostly white suburbanite kids. Hitler also did this as a way to write his own narrative on history.

[@richardgaya3965]

African Americans YOU HAVE a HISTORY It's YOUR BLOOD and SWEAT that build this Nation!!!

[@THANOS736]

And NO ONE TALKS ABOUT THIS!!!

[@aishallnicoli4925]

And we still making history. Back then and now!!! I love my perfect melanin ❤️. I give all praise to TMH Yah and His son the Messiah. I know it amazes and bothers them how we are so STRONG💪🏾✊🏾. GOD given💯🙏🏾. Thank you

[@thegeminiguy1065]

As a Black man that loves God. I see only love in the Messiah's teachings. Who is the they, as most white folks are good people same a black folks. I think the Messiah would agree.

[@the8568]

The Gemini Guy A lot of black people love to think all whites are bad, which isn’t the case. If the Bible is truly what we think it is, many whites may be descendants of Japheth.

[@niknik1002]

😥😥😥😥😥😥

[@andrewgoosdy3814]

Sad situations for the black man and black woman

[@Shiraz687]

Good to watch .

[@ninja1676]

We are here to remember and recognizes what happen in america.

[@00788]

Good work

[@BABYGIRL6615]

Wow what a gem buried for the greater good ........ Sad

[@dade8053]

Juan Rodriguez born in Santo Domingo now Dominican Republic to a Portuguese captain and a West African women. First known non-native resident of the Island of Manhattan. 🇩🇴

[@ChrisWrightInNY]

NaS verse in “Fight the Power 2020” brought me here ☝🏾🤔

[@disabledinactionsingers410]

At the time and continuing up to not long ago, this Free Black and immigrant community was described as a shanty town. The archeological evidence indicates it had at least one house that was 3 stories high and the All Angels Church which was moved out of the park was extremely substantial. The July 22, 2020 virtual walk video by Central Park Conservancy is very informative on this. This "shanty" idea is in line with all the rest of the propaganda about happy slaves. The ruling class is always saying "Go back to sleep, don't worry, they aren't worthy of your attention.". Lies and coverups just like Hiroshima which Lesley Blume's book Fallout tells about. This sweet old Quaker lady is getting downright furious. Let's keep finding out and sharing all the truth we can find.

[@tuutts39]

How wonderful! How tragic.

[@kb8811]

All these things that we are now finding out about Black Americans in history that we do not know about this needs to be a curriculum in school now this needs to be taught this needs to be looked into even further throughout the world we need to have classes not just for for kids in school but for adults like me I to teach us and let us know all the history of Black Americans we don't know about because I am amazed about all the black history that white supremacist have covered up all of this I did not know

[@monicar.l.6309]

I agree with you. Our schools only teach what's convenient for the system. I'm almost 40 and barely discovering about all of this. About blacks and Hispanics and how they were treated years ago.

[@missfrances137]

My families church, Mother A.M.E. Zion was located in Senaca Village.

[@WudEvZ]

So the Irish lived there too wow. Debtors prison abolished in 1833. indentured servitude was made illegal in 1937. What does it mean that these happened after slavery was abolished? How did that change the transition? It's all so amazing

[@bryonnajones]

I wonder where they went upon their displacement

[@stefanhouston9451]

👍

[@teecarter4900]

So much sick and sad history is hidden in the most silly way.

[@dennisojohnson]

Another factor in the argument for reparations for descendants of enslaved Africans .

[@dennisojohnson]

@Robert Smith " My Bad " . Shemite , But do you understand what I am saying about compensating us for the wrongs perpetrated by the White supremacy ideology ?

[@dennisojohnson]

@Desirea Winton My focus is on those who are descendants of the victims of chattel slavery. Whenever there's a movement asking to compensate "US" for the pain , murder , theft, etc. there's always that " what about this one or that one . Its like the civil rights movement in the 50s and 60s plus. being highjacked by other groups like the gay rights or women rights groups. The Black Americans has had the worst situations ever perpetrated on a people ,ever. So stop adding other groups to our cause, you are only trying to diminish our call for justice.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

This wouldn't fit into our reperations fight as it was a state imminent domain case that paid people for homes at a undervalued rate.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

@@dennisojohnson I would say many other had it as bad. Such as the slaves under Ghengis Kahn or such. He was pretty terrible. Also the Jews of WW2 had it pretty bad also.

[@33Donner77]

Many communities disappeared or almost disappeared forever. Rockefeller saved Colonial Williamsburg from disappearing by a complete total renovation and restructuring of the area, otherwise we would not have Colonial Williamsburg. Many other communities of all races disappeared. If you want to keep your heritage, you do the research.

[@monarnyc]

One reason why they put Central Park where they did was go get the blacks and foreigners out. At first they thought to put it by the Hudson river.

[@marylouirick7316]

Thanks,should be teach in NYS schools. This way we all know the real story of central park. I never care 4 that park Now l know why. I always felt Sad in that park. 😔!

[@lindalamaster3848]

Did they move the graves? That awful

[@4thQuarterMentality]

So yet another example of how you can make all the money you want but if you don't fight for what's yours, to the death if necessary, then we will never know peace.

[@bobbybrown8629]

There's a place right outside 15 minute walk outside of Harrisburg Pennsylvania the capital of Pennsylvania what's it called Hodges Heights

[@captainjayready2432]

So, what happened to the several grave sites?

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Probably still there, haven't found any info on them being moved yet.

[@captainjayready2432]

Would you imagine at that time, this being something that may not have been properly recorded? Whatever the reason, and current condition, this known history should absolutely be recovered. As I said to a church in South Miami, FL during a MLK presentation, Black history is American history!

[@circa45]

And finding the remains of these peoples lives does nothing to repatriate the people (or their decendants) back to the possession of their land and property

[@thegeminiguy1065]

They got paid for most of their homes, but the government under valued the payments. Same stuff they pull today. All over the country people are fighting this same fight.

[@osvaldodanett8674]

they did the same with arlington cemetery in washington dc which was a village of retired black army officials. AMERICA owes serious reparations to african americans

[@rivergirl3444]

I knew only that free black people fought in the Revolution. I love learning history, not just a piece of the truth but the truth. Enhance our young people knowledge with the whole truth.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Then get them reading.

[@playon835]

"The great migration". Is that a re-wording of something horrific, known as the slave trade, or is that something we truly don't know about? There are various names and terms for it, but I've never heard of anything referred to as "the great migration" concerning "African Americans". If someone knows, please share.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

The Great Migration is a term referencing the large number of African Americans who moved from often rural southern communities to industrial northern cities (NY, Chicago, etc.) in the US from the end of the 19th through the mid-20th century. Learn more here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qmXPmKl4asiJa6c

[@angelahamlett8249]

I was so excited to share this info in my now neighborhood years ago. No one had a clue. To make us part of American history? Africans here against their will is American history. What are you talking about?

[@terrancetyson7535]

We built this country! We want reparations now!

[@thegeminiguy1065]

So only we Africans built this country? That is kind of an wrong statement.

[@maryespinosa5267]

Yes you are america, learn what you must learn

[@oluhamilton2121]

'EMINENT DOMAIN'......bollocks!

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Yeah they use this crap even today to displace whole neighborhood's.

[@nwillis6005]

Honestly it doesn't seem a long enough period of time has passed to be doing an archaeological dig.

[@queofques32]

Asheville,Nc is another place. Demonic activity in every county.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

Your right every country and every continent has had atrocities. This was done by every culture and every race. From Europeans to the Ashanti, from the Romans to Tibetans. History has been bloody and cruel and at the same time we advance and get more civilized.

[@SimonCU]

Anyone tell me why in NYC there were slaves? I thought the North part of America didn't want slaves. The Civil War in 1860-65 was about getting rid of slaves in the south (North against the South). The south had the slaves and the North didn't want them.

[@thegeminiguy1065]

It's complex. The English had slaves in the north. The fight against slavery started early on and took hold. This was right up until cotton became the cash crop of the south. The cotton propped up huge economy gains for the NY textile industry. As this happened as happens today. The business family's used the government to slow the push to end slavery. The Abolitionist movement actually started very early on but business and greed fought against it. Cotton caused the southern states to have the fourth largest economy in the world. It dwarfed the north economy by many standards off of cotton alone.

[@saldoug7467]

For the greater white good . How much more shall we sacrifice for this county ..

[@jenjay0167]

Vote

[@wblk]

Reparation now!

[@thegeminiguy1065]

For who? They was paid, but they did get lowballed.