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Three-phase means that it gives 3 voltages out of phase 120 degrees. Also at the same frequency, regularly 50 or 60 Hz and with the same amplitude. Normally in low voltage it is supplied with a secondary of the star transformer where there are two voltages, which are phase-neutral and phase-phase voltages.
The two-phase system consists of a two-phase and neutral line in which two out-of-phase voltages can be obtained.
These phases and neutral can come from a three-phase network or they can come from a single-phase transformer, where the voltage ratio between phases (ends) and phase and neutral (one end and center) is 2, with typical voltages of 110/220 , 115/230, 120/240 V or 220/440 Volts.
Actually biphasic refers to the two-phase system at 90 degrees, that is why it is said that it is not very correct to call the two-phase system and the current neutral two-phase. Some people call a 2-phase / 2-wire line biphasic, but this is not entirely correct because the circuit behaves the same as a single-phase one.
The single-phase system consists of a single alternating voltage supplied by two conductors, and represents the most basic circuit to power small receivers and lighting.