SKY & PLANT COLOR ft. Worldbuilding Notes

[@vigilantsycamore8750]

That star gradually getting bigger is kind of menacing *without* the smooth jazz, but *with* the smooth jazz it feels like the star is trying to seduce me

[@skinky1956]

Look out! I think that G-class star likes you.

[@farmerboy916]

"The star starts sashaying towards you to the beat of the smooth jazz, what do you do?"

[@Thesmus]

@@farmerboy916 ask "ya like jazz?"

[@fairycat23]

Shall I write that story?

[@pillarshipempireemployee0142]

That would happen to me if danny didn't exist.

[@cjjones6261]

Would be interesting to see a sky tinted by massive clouds of plant pollen. I'd probably die from seasonal allergies, but the beauty would be worth it

[@charlienorton3960]

Same here.

[@theapexsurvivor9538]

Bring a Hazmat suit, then you can enjoy the beauty without the sneezing, coughing, and slow asphyxiation...

[@charlienorton3960]

@@theapexsurvivor9538 I will keep that in mind next time I visit another planet

[@peeblekitty5780]

That's actually a great idea. I imagine the peoples of this world would build an immunity to such pollen as seasonal allergies like ours with that much pollen would be a huge survival weakness, but man, can you imagine if, instead of just releasing pollen willy-nilly during spring, the plants evolved to have reproduction events, like how ants have nuptial flights? Sounds like it's visual narration time! _The weather's been warming up and rain has been misting down over the past few days. The wet season is here. The flowers have bloomed and people spend their days outside in anticipation for the annual big moment. The twittering birdsong ceases as the little animals sense the incoming change in weather and seek shelter, while you and your neighbors leave yours to watch. With a sudden howl, the current of winds kick up and the plants release their spores and pollen all in a rush, and a wave of golden particles sweeps through the sky. The land grows dim and amber as the sun's familiar red light is obscured and tainted. You can only sit there and gape in awe. You come out to see the pollen sweep every year, yet it still amazes you every time..._ It sounds both beautiful and gross. I'd imagine it'd be mostly beautiful myself, though. That is, if I was resistant to the pollen allergies that would be torturous if there were a pollen sweep IRL.

[@princessthyemis]

Ooo, yeah!

[@phonomancer_thepossum6279]

I have officially fallen in love with "bioluminescent sky algae"

[@thomasflach7671]

3:32 When a star dies *F Star*

[@mollof7893]

_Lmao!_

[@NoNameAtAll2]

O B A F G K M

[@MineCraft-qw2ow]

9:46 you mean

[@edgarcardiffscpreadermemes366]

@@MineCraft-qw2ow it do be like that

[@bleddynwolf8463]

a man of culture

[@vakusdrake3224]

Plant color may also just be a complete evolutionary accident. After all there's the idea that the earth used to be covered in purple halobacteria (which capture the most abundant wavelengths of light) and early chlorophyll based algae evolved to capture the light that was left over from the halobacteria. Then when oxygen became abundant and wiped out halobacteria green algae took its place: kzbin.info/www/bejne/f3qkXp6Vl6eWgpI

[@tonio103683]

I don't know if you were paying attention cause both artifexian and this video are stating convergent fact : the purple algae they spoke of in the PBS video is exactly one of the strategy that Edgar spoke of : absorbing the most abundant kind of light instead of reflecting it. So the PBS video is actually completing what Artifexian spoke of : according to the purple Earth hypothesis, earth's "sun eaters" autotrophs developped both strategies. The only point of Artifexian's video that the purple Earth hypothesis actually contradict is the reason why the second strategy ended up chosen : the second strategy was chosen because the original most abundant autotrophic halobacteriae blocked the first strategy for the surviving autotrophs not because it's "too dangerous to absorb the most abundant colored light". Note that Edgar said that you can justify using either strategy for your world building project so it's not even that big of an issue. P.S. However it's quite probable that for plant life around bigger stars they'd still want to protect themselves from too energetic wave lengths.

[@vakusdrake3224]

@@tonio103683 My point is that modern chlorophyl using life isn't using either of the strategies mentioned in the video. Absorbing the light not being used by halobacteria isn't either of the strategies gone over in the video because it's color is being determined by other life not directly by the sun. Plus now that halobacteria is no longer abundant green chlorophyl is basically just a vestigial feature, not something present because it's trying to absorb some particular amount of the suns energy. It's also worth noting that depending on where they live photosynthesizing life can function in environments with orders of magnitude differences in the amount of available light, so color may not even matter that much once you get a pigment that's good enough.

[@tonio103683]

​@@vakusdrake3224 My point is that it amounts to the same : Purple is first taken cause it's efficient and then green is taken to eat the "remains" (since green is complementary to purple) and kept around because it's efficient enough. The hypothesis doesn't really contradict that green or purple is the most efficient under our star it just gives a stronger explanation why what seems a bit of the less optimal strategy was chosen. Yes, but the main environment where they might develop is where light is the most abundant, so under direct sunlight. That they adapt somewhat to that sunlight seems to be logical (even if it could be wrong). If the plants develop in an environment where certain type of light is blocked, it could very well happen that wild surprising colors end up being chosen.

[@vakusdrake3224]

@@tonio103683 If what we actually observe is that plants are the opposite color you'd expect based on the suns spectrum, then that is still a rather substantial change to the model proposed in the video. Since it suggests some portion (possibly the majority) of the time plants may end up the exact opposite color you'd expect for evolutionary reasons. Additionally given chlorophyl eventually succeeded because it was much more efficient than preexisting pigments, that suggests plants could in principle be nearly any color depending on what highly efficient pigments evolved first. Plus it's worth noting that plants are actually kind of terrible at photosynthesis given with tweaks to rubisco we can increase the efficiency of their photosynthesis enough to get 40% higher yields. So there's likely a lot of flexibility in terms of plants being able to have certain aspects of their photosynthesis be extremely inefficient provided they're still better than the competition overall.

[@tonio103683]

​@@vakusdrake3224 Well then, i hope he'll tackle your remarks in the next FAQ video.

[@RugnirSvenstarr]

I grew up in a place where heather covered the hills and mountains around instead of grass or moss, so when it was the right time the hills would be purple, and when the heather was not flowering it would be brown.

[@dumusstarbeiten5063]

Damn. sounds beautiful.

[@darkunor6687]

Were Is that place?

[@RugnirSvenstarr]

@@darkunor6687 northern england in the peak district, although scotland is more famous for it

[@darkunor6687]

@@RugnirSvenstarr sir, you are a very lucky person

[@catsii]

this sounds so beautiful... thank you for this mental image

[@me.genius]

I love your voice. Dost particles are my favorite particles

[@superlegomaster55]

Yay! I hope next one will be about vegetation on the planet. Desert, tropical forests and such.

[@johannageisel5390]

That would be nice. But if not, Stoneworks has videos about deserts and swamps/wetlands. kzbin.info/door/lnWLqdyrQ-hcDYW5kQQ6vQvideos

[@casimiriii5941]

I hope so too, I felt this video kind of short chanɡed plants, I mean he didn't even mention flowers, the most colorful part of the plant.

[@powdertoyguy]

Noo biblaridion's gonna copyright

[@Ggdivhjkjl]

I need to watch this again on a device that doesn't have problems displaying red.

[@shgds]

Caca you biatch!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@danthiel8623]

Or you are slightly color blind? Maybe

[@scribblecloud]

@@danthiel8623 how would they know what properly displaying red looks like then? My device has the same issue, colors are completely fkd, anything too dark shows up as green and it has a lot of burn in

[@wrath908]

Considering that the alien world I'm building is a planet sitting in outer habitable zone of a k-type orange dwarf, I find the idea of the native plant life having the same green color as earth's to be pretty funny

[@ossi_2429]

I still remember the star types from Oh Be A Fine Gungan, Kiss Me from that one video years ago.

[@boudicathebrave]

I read the title real fast when I clicked on this video so at first I was confused that it was an Artifexian video and then when Ewa started talking I was literally like :O I really like that little waterfall scene I think it's pretty. Watching all the colors changing was very relaxing and it was cool to see how a culture could develop practices based around changing sky color. :-)

[@souptime8635]

Good tip. Don't stare at the star

[@katie-ampersand]

Alternia in a nutshell

[@gameinsane4718]

A “B-Scenario M-Star” is a mood a vibe and a trip all in one

[@Monody512]

Plants on a flare star's planet might undergo a chemical reaction in their outer layers, rapidly changing color to protect themselves.

[@MisterSketch4]

Monody those plants would need an early warning if the flares were not at regular intervals wouldn’t they?

[@applesauce3873]

@@MisterSketch4 chemical reaction , as in they would be detecting the change... how could you not feel a solar flare

[@MisterSketch4]

@@applesauce3873 My point is that by the time the plant felt the solar flare it might be too late. I think they might need some advanced warning, to avoid being destroyed frequently.

[@larenzdechavez442]

They might have folds that one side is black and one side is white to block the flares.

[@AnExistanceOfNothing]

Forgive if I'm wrong, but I think they may have gotten the plant color explanation backwards. To my understanding, plants aren't the colors they absorb, but rather they appear as the colors they reflect back into our eyes, so a yellow plant would be absorbing only blue wavelengths while reflecting green and red, while a blue plant would be reflecting blue and absorbing green and red.

[@ragnkja]

Yes, he explained strategy 2 (plants that are the complementary colour to the star’s peak output) first.

[@magnusskipton7067]

This is definitely the oddest and coolest KZbin rabbit hole I’ve ever found

[@rickardspaghetti]

This video is just a series of prog-rock song titles.

[@Sabersonic]

Though I was familiar with the idea of plants of an M Class habitable world having black pigment as opposed to our more familiar green tints from some alien life documentary that I've long since forgotten the name of, the notation of different plant colors and even competing plant color theories does give off an interesting worldbuilding thought on how the stellar environment is like. However, nothing quite says "alien skies" quite like the cyclical changing of the sky's color throughout the local year, especially if its combined with Tatooine suns regularly eclipsing one another and seasonal particulates of the air. One could almost get away with a moonless habitable world (assuming such a thing is plausible) just by the color of the sky. Heck, the "months", for lack of a better term, could instead be named after colors instead. Either way, excellent video as always and thanks for the inspirations.

[@merrittanimation7721]

I remember it mentioned on the History Channel series The Universe. Don't know the episode though.

[@Sabersonic]

@@merrittanimation7721 It's probably the episode about extrasolar life.

[@entropyzero5588]

Isn't a satellite required to stabilize the rotational axis? I don't think a changing obliquity would be very conductive to life evolving, even if you could get away with "seasons" based on sky colour...

[@Sabersonic]

@@entropyzero5588 Which is why I put down the notation "if such a thing is plausible"

[@raybnnuy]

This is insanely cool and as an artist I am SO hyped with all of this information. Thank you so much for sharing!!

[@Alexandra-ip2by]

[running down stairs] [kicks door open] I CAME AS SOON AS I HEARD! EDIT: oh my god i'm top comment

[@the_Kutonarch]

Here's a tissue, clean yourself up.

[@davidk1308]

Same

[@magiv4205]

@@the_Kutonarch Do you have another one left?

[@the_Kutonarch]

@@magiv4205 I have a whole box just for you, enjoy!

[@magiv4205]

@@the_Kutonarch thanks lmao

[@maykopanter]

dream crossover! thank you both!

[@Julika7]

Why do your graphics look like these from Kurzgesagt?

[@echtoon]

It's a modern aeshetic used by loads of companies. It's called 'Flat Art,' and you have probably seen it everywhere. The infographics on Google devices and websites for example. The channel probably use the art style because it's simple, modern and visually appealing.

[@Julika7]

@@echtoon Ah, thank you.

[@ThunderClawShocktrix]

@@echtoon its basically like cell shaded cartoons minus the outlines....

[@cedeelbe]

They really don't... Kurzgesagt's art style is more rounded and densely packed.

[@aisir3725]

"The bigger the star the bluer the brighter and more vivid sky" White dwarve: am i a joke to you?

[@robinchesterfield42]

White dwarf stars would...huh. Well at your planet's original distance (assuming it didn't get totally melted during the red giant stage) it would look like...a star. Maybe a slightly brighter/more noticeable one, but it wouldn't look like a sun at all. Now, if you moved the entire planet/built a Dyson Swarm to within its new, much SMALLER habitable zone...what colour would it make the sky then? Same as other white stars? I dunno... Are we talking like, the same species that used to live around the star back when during its main sequence days, then escaped the solar system during the red giant time and came back to live around the embers (for...sentimental reasons? Bear in mind they'd have BILLIONS of years future technology if it's the same culture more or less.) Or random strangers in a breaking-down colony ship who were getting desperate for someplace to live that wasn't, like, void, and went "Hey, that's a star! Sort of!" The former...wouldn't even bother, they'd be a Kardeshev 3 civilization by then and eating galaxies for breakfast, population-spread wise. If a small colony of a few die-hard crazies, say, only a quadrillion people or so, INSISTED on living near the star because it's their original, awww--they'd live however far away from it they damn well please with artificial megastructures, terraform and sling around planets, dome over things, live in tunnels, genetically engineer plants (or themselves!) to survive the cold...even go digital. Or...a mix of ALL of the above. The stellar refugees from elsewhere, however, might be a newer culture and so for the sake of this we'll say they are. So it comes down to: How close WOULD you have to place a planet to a white dwarf to be within its habitable zone? And from there, that would determine how big it looks in the sky and presumably affect the sky's colour. Unfortunately I can't help you there; I don't even know where the Goldilocks Zone for a dead star would BE. We're probably talking a "year" length of hours... (Can you tell that I love this stuff? And have watched -way too much- just enough Isaac Arthur? :))

[@abcde_ghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz2188]

@@robinchesterfield42 i know a bit about space as well so i can tell you a bit about the habitable zone around white dwarfs. white dwarfs do have a habitable zone, however that zone will slowly move inwards towards the white dwarf as white dwarfs are dead stars that release all their heat and radiation and slowly cool down over time. this can take many years, maybe millions. the habitable zone would be somewhere around 0.004 - 0.04 astronomical units (au) depending on how old and cool the star is. so, depending on what the the planet's atmosphere is and how old the white dwarf is/how close the planet is to the white dwarf, the colour of the sky would change. a young white dwarf would make a blue sky since they are as hot as our sun (10,000° F), while an old white dwarf would make a more reddish sky since it's very cool. i'm not sure though, these are just theories.

[@ziril3972]

I always love what worldbuilding notes comes up with! This as great

[@extralargemcfries9891]

Never thought I’d hear the term “peak green”

[@ninjatuna3917]

I thought this video was about colour theory for art, but the science behind this is just as cool

[@GuardsmanBass]

The big problem with black for plants around M-class stars is that those planets would almost certainly be either tidally locked to the star (or in some kind of very long day due to a resonance orbit), and "black" would mean they'd face some serious heat stress while sitting in direct sunlight continuously. They'd probably need to either take the lightest color they could do photosynthesis with, develop some kind of internal thermal mitigation (maybe they cool themselves with deep root water reservoirs? Or the steady winds on such a planet?), or simply have an entire life-cycle in the daylight that isn't long by our standards.

[@florbengorben7651]

YO MY GIRL EWA HITTING UP THE VID WITH THE COOL SHIT. actually though you both were so great in this video and I hope you keep producing content for years to come.

[@outeremissary4438]

The crossover we've all been waiting for

[@petersmythe6462]

WRT flair stars, what about just dealing with the flares by losing the visible portion of the plant? Everything is bleached dead from the flare but the root system just pumps out more stems once the flare ends?

[@robert2german]

I now have an idea for a planet that has a high axial tilt, to the point that it is /almost/ tidally locked, but the twilight zone of the planet experiences a form of seasonal weather.

[@Rat_Basket48]

The green flash signals when a soul comes back to the mortal world from the dead

[@whodis2614]

10:25 I know that this is REALLY late, but I just had a cool thought about how plants could adapt to a flare star. What if they had a sensor that could detect a change in their environment, like you said, and when those sensors are triggered, the plant tells its chlorophyll equivalent to change to white or die too be replaced by/swap out with another chlorophyll equivalent? Essentially, the plants would go through a sudden change from black to white. Once the flash is over, they return to their normal black color. Kinda like a much quicker version of how some animals' fur colors change depending on the season, but extremely faster. This change could also be an alert system for creatures that can see, telling them to seek shelter. Intelligent creatures that can have a culture would then associate white with fear, danger, and death. White may be used to signify a dangerous area, it could be used on flags to ward off other civilizations, and if could be used in funeral services as a color of mourning, or maybe it's adorned by powerful people like dictators and monarchs. If a disease causes paleness, people may fear it like the black death in our world. If albinos exist, their birth may become an omen of bad luck in the family's future. It could also be a sign of beauty, the same way some people romanticize our own symbols of death. The simple act of the plants changing from black to white could shape an entire culture.

[@kinglunarchy9417]

Best crossover in history

[@Nosirrbro]

I think you should consider something like a plant around an M star might not be too bothered by visible light at all, as most of the star's output is infrared, and as such whatever color in visible light happens to evolve might be mostly irrelevent to the plants just trying to eek out an existence. Same goes for an O type star where most of it is UV. And of course everything changes if the atmosphere blocks out a lot of some sorts of light (our atmosphere just so happens to block much of both infrared and UV, which is probably part of why we define visible light the way we do)

[@dragonkid1818]

How could I have missed this. Two of my favourite worldbuilding KZbinrs in a colab?! :O

[@Jayarbuck]

(6:55 -- might want to avoid having videos flash/strobe like this, for those viewers with epilepsy, or possibly post a warning of some kind) Absolutely love your content! :) Never realized how tricky it would be to have a green-tinted sky...

[@sully9767]

I wonder what earth would look like if we saw all seven "colours" of visible light instead of variations on red, green and blue. 🤔🤔 Because what would the sky look like then. And plants. And people.

[@EriksGarbage]

exactly how it does now i think

[@CiperSyntax]

The growing star is trying to seduce me or what?!

[@robinchesterfield42]

It just wants to light up your life! And everyone else's. :)

[@joeweinberg3108]

I love her so much!! I can't believe you guys did a collab together!!

[@DarwinskiYT]

1:42 I remember when that happened and people in my school were saying it’s a “blood moon” even though it was clearly the sun and people thought the world was ending

[@alejandroojeda1572]

In Dune the Sky is vivid blue, because of the lack of atmospheric Water 😉

[@eve36368]

i do my nails based on the the sky, tree branch silhouettes & stained glass. i enjoyed this video a lot

[@rachelb.684]

thanks for putting the script in the description! I have limited data at the moment so i can't watch videos, so that's very helpful.

[@kasperkurpershoek1937]

omw creating a planet orbiting a dual star that spin around eachother every second, creating a permanent disco sky

[@zombathinlostleghackercat5233]

"The Infographics Show art style Sheldon J. Plankton isn't real, The Infographics Show art style Sheldon J. Plankton can't hurt you." The Infographics Show art style Sheldon J. Plankton: 6:16

[@oh...hi.]

your videos just jump right in without any nonsense, i love it

[@braydencoversbeatles4029]

It would be interesting if as you went from the equator to the poles, plants gradually changed from green to purple

[@HKgunner]

A planetscape color randomizer would be a neat tool for worldbuilders. Like you could have all the variables completely random, or have the ability to "lock" certain variables like star type, planetary mass, human habitable atmosphere, etc.

[@KaaSerpent]

Aaaaaaahhhh! My two favorite worldbuilders in one video!

[@zoqaeski]

So it turns out that Earth actually does have some purple plants, like Oxalis triangularis (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalis_triangularis). According to the Wikipedia entry, they require bright sunlight to thrive, presumably due to their dark leaves.

[@Solrex_the_Sun_King]

Water is only blue because it reflects the sky, so when the sky color changed in the animation but the water was still blue I was internally screaming.

[@anthonycannet1305]

In the case of moving plants, sunflowers grow to face the sun, would it not be possible for a plant to evolve the opposite, with some sort of protective shell on one side and photosynthesis on the other, always turning away from the sun?

[@gremlins_hotel]

I'm so glad you made the comment about binary stars/systems. My world circles a binary system!

[@Draxynnic]

I do have a dissenting opinion regarding the effect of scattering in thicker atmospheres: Scattering is the main reason the sky has colour at all. If you look directly at the Sun (not recommended) it appears yellowish because some of the blue wavelengths have been scattered out of the direct line from the Sun and into other directions, away from the viewer. Meanwhile, the rest of the sky is blue because that represents light that's been scattered from OTHER ray paths towards the viewer. The sky turns red near the sun during twilight because at that point you're seeing light that's only been scattered a little, meaning the redder wavelengths, while bluer wavelengths have the opportunity to be scattered multiple times in the thicker atmosphere. However, the twilight sky is still blue (albeit blue fading towards black) and sometimes even noticeably violet-tinged away from the sun, because at those angles, you're looking at photons that would have simply passed through the upper atmosphere and sailed off back into space if they hadn't been scattered towards the viewer. As a result, I don't think a thicker atmosphere would result in the sky in general turning to a warmer colour, but to something more spectacular: a permanent twilight-like effect. The sun would be reddish even at high noon, with a halo of sunset colour around it, but further away from the sun this would transition through an orange-yellow-white sequence into a bright blue (as the only light coming from parts of the sky away from the sun would be light that's been heavily scattered - ie, bluer wavelengths). This twilight effect would be further enhanced during actual twilight, possibly including a patch of purple on the sky opposite the sun.

[@AnkhAnanku]

Chris Weekes excellent observation. I don’t think artefexian actually took the time to directly claim contrary, but he did kinda leave that scenario unfinished. I saw someone else ask “what would sunset look like on that planet?” Aardvark I didn’t know whether it’d be even more dramatic because of the further increased tangent distance or less dramatic because of a flattened ratio of tangent to radial distances. You cleared that up for me. Now I have to re-examine my decision to go with the latter to let my planet Rayleigh get torched by farUV except for a couple hours as the sun rises or sets...

[@brunoreis9466]

Best collab

[@ballpain1]

10:34 Ayo what up my fella black plants 😎🤙

[@henryeccleston7381]

This feels like a lecture given by an instructor at the Guild of Writers in the city of D'ni.

[@Rhinee]

How would a binary star system affect the sky colour?

[@viorp5267]

8:27

[@MrTohawk]

did you watch the video?

[@Rhinee]

@@viorp5267 ah, missed that part. Thanks!

[@Dendroapsis]

Could you imagine, in a world with little geneflow between latitudes, two different zones where strategies a and b are used by plants. I.e. plants with pigments set up to reflect a lot of light in lower latitudes and plants with pigments set up to absorb a lot of light in high latitudes?

[@xRaiofSunshine]

7:08 ohhhhhh so THAT’S how Dusk Lycanroc evolves! :0

[@avaevathornton9851]

I was thinking about this a few days ago. If we evolved in an environment dominated by reds and yellows, would we find these colours calming and find blues and greens intense and stimulating?

[@tozeos]

The best crossover

[@Barakon]

Sounds pretty interesting to have the sky change with the seasons, perhaps have a sun that flares at a certain season?

[@caseyw1288]

M star + plants = planet Halloween!!!

[@HoneydewBeach]

Realised that Edgar said "Let's Worldpaint" and not Worldbuild

[@doceideer7993]

Im going to steal the Sacred Bellows idea for my DND setting and when my players thing I am brilliant for such a wonderful idea I will be sitting there looking and feeling super guilty.

[@infinityzer054]

Pink (or red) star = blue plants Purple plant(old earth): yes please Black plants(red dwarf): please I need light, I’m desperate

[@inuyashagodofall]

This makes me wonder; how accurate are the descriptions of Brandon Sanderson's worlds? I imagine he does his research, but I would love to see a representation of his worlds like you demonstrated here. If you haven't checked out his works, I highly recommend then. He is one of my favorite world builders!

[@sammy3212321]

Ewa and Artifexian? I'm going to cry

[@griffincrump5077]

This is so incredibly interesting, and exactly what I was looking for a while back

[@FlauFly]

So, basically Artifexian is like Robert L. Forward of worldbuilding youtube and Worldbuilding Notes is like Ursula K. Le Guin.

[@animesenpai1163]

So like Mexico has a sulfur atmosphere in American movies.

[@giovannirafael5351]

Just remembering that plants on Earth don't actually capture the most intense or "better" wavelength to work with. Evolution is the game of the "good enough".

[@Gashnaw]

at dusk you can actually see multitude of colors in the sky including green. I have seen green skies a few times, granted it is not as noticeable, but if you have a sky the is red near the sunset and dilute to blue or even violet the further you go out, you will see a shade for green. it is highly diluted and looks blueish, but when you compare it to the actual blue, you sill see the difference. Now we are not gonna have purely green skies, but is a pretty cool event ant not that difficult to see. Most people will go their whole life not realizing they saw it.

[@_Gecko]

Could you grow plants in artificial sunlight while slowly changing its color, so that after a few generations the plants would be some new color that they wouldn’t normally grow in?

[@AnkhAnanku]

Gecko that would take millions of generations to mutate their pigment proteins to efficiently absorb and reflect a different set of wavelengths, but maybe. It might not be that hard to change the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, though. That’d let you shift from yellowish to a more teal color. That could happen very quickly. I’m not even sure you can’t trigger that as a response within the plant’s lifetime, but what environmental factors they need I don’t know. Probably not a shift in light color though, they wouldn’t really expect that from the sun so I doubt they would have that as a ready response but maybe the temperature or humidity or even the soil chemistry could have an effect...

[@Vaith]

Omg did you just explain Vegeta's Super Saiyan Transformation in Dragonball Super: Broly, and Super Saiyan Transformations in general? With Stars?

[@halfnwhole751]

What if I want a multi colored sky?

[@Luigicat11]

Well, he did say bioluminescent microbes in the atmosphere could have that effect, as well as act as a sort of biological aurora, so that could work...

[@Conankun66YT]

When i saw the title I was expecting this video to be about language and the different ways different languages use colors/what colors they distinguish(like how some languages dont distinguish blue and green etc)

[@khilorn]

idk why but I love how you say violet.

[@socialgutbrain7774]

Thank you so much. I want my Earth-like planet to be realistic, but my art brain is saying, "HEE-HOO PRIDDY COLURZ!!!!! MAEK SKY PURBLE AND PLANTES ORINGE AND PIENK!!!!!!!!"

[@jaggerbushOG]

That thumbnail art looks like the world builder from Polands art work. JUST LIKE it.

[@Lewisking50]

Making anything whatever color is much more fun, especially because magic.

[@Fowlware]

1:08 - Minecraft Alpha Hell Mode

[@thenitpickery9972]

Question: around 10:06 you said, that around high mass/hot stars plants need to be white in order to reflect more of the incoming light to avoid burning (and vice-versa for low-mass/cold stars), but how does that make sense? The planet's distance from its star needs to be set so that there is neither too much nor too little energy incoming anyway, doesn't it? Or am I overlooking something?

[@MisterSketch4]

The Nitpickery I think artifexian means that even if a planet is in the habitable zone around its star to support liquid water, it would still receive to much or too little UV to be ideal.

[@Project2457official]

You are overlooking and conflating a few things. The only potential for life (albeit) unlikely, around an O class star would be in its habitable zone, however, since O class stars are so large, and have such high temperatures not to mention emit so much UV radiation, plants would have to be white, so they don't die from abundance of UV. And thats even if O class stars evolve life around them, which seems unlikely since O class stars typically die off around less than or equal to 10 million years after birth.

[@thenitpickery9972]

@@Project2457official yes, this discussion obviously ignores that O class stars and such are most likely too short lived for life. Also we are ignoring the fact that these levels of UV might hinder the evolution of land plants in general. The problem with your argument is, that the plant doesn't gain from reflecting the longer wave lengths in that case, do they? The Watts per square meter they receive in red light are lower to those on earth, since the total amount of watt/m^2 needs to be roughly the same compared to earth (in order to allow for the same temperatures). Since most of this total W/m^2 comes in the form of UV in that case, the them amount of light in the longer wavelengths most be lower. Therefore the plant has less incentive to protect against the longer wavelengths, so it would only evolve to be white if the same pigment that reflects UV also happens to reflect longer wavelengths (which I don't think it necessarily has to). Given that the plant has to absorb something in order to photosynthesize it actually has to be darker than white (again, since sunlight cannot be brighter in total on the planet, since that would mean higher temperatures) Where do you think I am overlooking/conflating things?

[@Project2457official]

@@thenitpickery9972 you still miss the UV part, which I know you want to look over but it it integral to why a plant on such a planet would have to be white. The plant needs to reflect a lot of the light that it being emitted, or else it would die from too much light on too high over a frequency. Plant color only really changes based on the amounts of light its receiving, which directly correlates to wave length. This can be seen on Earth specifically as well with zonation. For example, a plant at sea level might be green whilst a plant in the twilight zone of the ocean might be red due to the lower light conditions. You'll find that the plants eventually get brown even deeper (less light = more needs to be absorbed to compensate). Thats why for example around an M class star plants would range from brown, purple and black, people darker colors absorb light very well.

[@Project2457official]

@@thenitpickery9972 Even if the plant was white or off-white it would still be absorbing a ton of light whether or not it was coated in white. The pigment is as said, for reflecting most of it.

[@Ketumak]

Thanks for posting this, Artifexian. It's just the video I need right now. (I'm looking to get mint-green/turquoise grasses and a lilac sky). I think I might have found another way to get a purple or violet sky. You say the bigger the star, the bluer the light it outputs, and also that a thicker atmosphere gives a redder sky. Okay, so would a big star plus a thick atmosphere around your planet combine to give a sky in the purple range?

[@mehwhatever9726]

There is data suggesting that only G-type stars and higher eminate enough photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for plants to work with, could mean that planets with stars lower than G type won't have earth-like plant and trees rich biospheres. But who knows, maybe plants could evolve to be more sensitive to (PAR), or it may be complitely different kind of "plants".

[@senesterium]

I was expecting more of Ewa actually ! I'm dond of her content and was so happy for the crossover, and… well, it wasn't really one. They did better with Xidnaf. Three times.

[@mateuszjokiel2813]

Ah yes, the mighty dond

[@merrittanimation7721]

Yay for crossovers.

[@Mysteri0usChannel]

Funfact: plants on planet earth originally were bluish violetish colored, but then the big oxygen crisis occurred and killed those original plants, and only the green ones recovered and adapted to the new relatively oxygen rich atmosphere.

[@wordart_guian]

So this is the reason why rainbowish sunsets (That Have the broadest color ranges) Seem to Go straight from yellow to cyan with no nameable intermediary ? We just couldn't see green there?

[@juliuscaesar5397]

As someone who can see some ultraviolet light, I see the sky as violet on some clear days where the sun is bright.

[@mollof7893]

*_HHHHHHHH OMG!!!!!_* what a crossover

[@HissyGaming]

make a rayleigh and mie scattering calculator

[@DrunkenUFOPilot]

I'm writing this down in my "Project Ideas" list!

[@fiineur]

9:13 Pyramids: well then, we're plants now

[@herowither12354]

Fun fact: If we put super tiny sulfur particles into Earth's atmosphere, not only would it make the sky light purple, but it would also help fix global warming. Also, you should have changed the water to match the sky.

[@Lordbionicle]

Been waiting for this topic for so long. Awwww yiss

[@jonfroswa]

Would it be possible to have a sun that always appeared red at dawn and dusk, but otherwise behaved like Earth's sun? By having a thicker atmosphere maybe? Or perhaps a kind of sky-plankton to give it that hue.

[@hashfordalulz]

In that 9:55 in looks like a savannah landscape like a scene out of Lion King