SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) for Handling Imbalanced Datasets

Whenever we do classification in ML, we often assume that target label is evenly distributed in our dataset. This helps the training algorithm to learn the features as we have enough examples for all the different cases. For example, in learning a spam filter, we should have good amount of data which corresponds to emails which are spam and non spam.
SMOTE synthesises new minority instances between existing (real) minority instances.
If you do have any questions with what we covered in this video then feel free to ask in the comment section below & I'll do my best to answer those.
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You can find me on:
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#ClassImbalance #SMOTE #SyntheticMinorityOversamplingTechnique #machinelearning #python #deeplearning #datascience #youtube

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Something went wrong while using pd.crosstab! So the updated confusion matrices are as follows - At 7:50 The correct confusion matrix is 92303 14 1535 135 At 10:30 The correct confusion matrix is 93798 41 40 108 Sorry for the mistake :)

[@sahubiswajit1996]

Why we are using "random_state=12" ?

[@chrislam1341]

@@sahubiswajit1996 it is just his preference, for being able to get the same result from the randomness.

[@sumitshukla3689]

When we apply SMOTE, the number of samples doesn't changes. But as explained by you, if we are adding some synthetic samples, the training example should also increase right??

[@KumarHemjeet]

@@sahubiswajit1996 you can take any number

[@elliothank2823]

I guess it's kinda off topic but does anybody know a good site to stream new tv shows online ?

[@prathameshmohite3008]

Hi Bhavesh, Very good explanation. I was particularly confused about implementing SMOTE on the main data. But I guess you're correct that we must implement SMOTE on training data. Thank You

[@SurajSingh-pw9ew]

Thanku Bhavesh❣️❣️.Bina bore kiye padhaya 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻 excellent

[@ddxccc]

Most helpful and professional video I found on SMOTE. Thanks a lot!

[@bhattbhavesh91]

I'm glad you like it

[@carl2143]

I'll come back to this video. Seems helpful!

[@dhananjaykansal8097]

Your handwriting is pretty. Thanks for the explanation once again. Cheers!

[@srikrshnap6036]

Lovely Explanation! Thank you!

[@bishalmohari8748]

I started watching the undersampling video for a problem and ended up watching the full series cause of how well explained they are. Gald I discovered your channel! Wish I did sooner xD

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it was helpful!

[@siddharthkenia9089]

Not only you explained really well the illustration were perfect for a beginner to understand what oversampling mean. Thank you:)

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it was helpful!

[@sparshdutta]

Thanks for teaching new stuff.☺

[@AizirekTolonova-od1ks]

Thank you so much for the great explanation!

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it was helpful!

[@harshparikh7060]

Thanks, Bhavesh!

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@kokl123ify]

hi bhavesh could you please confirm in order to ensure the oversampling method doesnt reduce the accuracy of the model should we always use hyperparameter tuning or is there some other method also to undo the damage of oversampling method in logistic regression for attrition prediction

[@karndeepsingh]

Very well explained sir!!!

[@MY_PARIDE]

Great Explanation....👏

[@princeok12]

Very well explained Thank you. Especially appreciated the explanation of nearest neighbor

[@7810]

Quite interesting! Thanks for the lesson.

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad you liked it!

[@shishirdixit5996]

Here while fitting the training dataset after tuning hyperparameters using gridsearchcv why you have used X_train and y_train and why not X_train_res and y_train_res dataset

[@shandou5276]

This is very well done :) Nothing overly flashy and yet very clear.

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@bhargav7476]

You have no idea how helpful that was

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Thank you so much :)

[@nesrinehadjamar2197]

Thank you ! Simple and clear explanation

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it was helpful!

[@bintehawa7712]

Thanks to explain with notes help me alot

[@KaushikJasced]

Thank you sir for giving a wonderful lecture. Can you tell me how I can put the sampling ratio as per my choice instead of 1:1 using SMOTE?

[@bhuvneshsaini93]

Hi, you used only two target 0 and 1 , how to do with more than two . Suppose target 1 is around 2000 , target 2 is around 200 , target 3 is around 11 and so on.

[@TejaDuggirala]

Good work bro.. thank you

[@shishirdixit5996]

I have a categorical dependent variable with 3400 records in which the distribution of 0s and 1s are 2677 and 723 respectively, Will this be considered as an imbalanced dataset ? or if I would have 1s less than 5% of the total record only then it would be considered as imbalanced. Kindly clarify the doubt

[@EcommerceAdvices]

Thanks alot. You mk it so simple :) Liked n subscribed bro.

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Thanks and welcome

[@Nirja3]

When I tried to set up the smote ration, getting invalid ratio parameter for SMOTE.Can u help?

[@sadiaafrin7143]

Good work man! Thanks

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it helped!

[@danielniels22]

6:20 what library u imported before declaring SMOTE() class?

[@jampavy6446]

Nice explanation

[@ganeshreddypuli3101]

If we want to normalize the data as well, should we do it before applying SMOTE?

[@adityaraikwar6069]

very informative video, simple and to the point keep it up

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad you liked it!

[@abhishekwagh8246]

I have a sample of only 28. Unfortunately I don't have more sample. Will SMOTE work? Secondly, which logistic regression should be used? Sklearn or statsmodels? Both give different results. Please help.

[@charmilam920]

Thank you for this video. Understood SMOTE very well. Please make videos more often and How do you explain things so effortlessly with such clarity ? Where is this clarity coming from ? Great job

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Thank you! Will do!

[@WordofSpirit]

Looks like the weights is also not working on smote. Any alternative way to test different weights?

[@bhagyashreeln1304]

Hi, what do we do if we have a balanced dataset but still want to increase the number of rows

[@0SIGMA]

You are some DOPE shit brother and by that i mean youre really good ! explained the important stuffs like only on train set beautifully ! really great !

[@dipankarrahuldey6249]

With SMOTE, can we achieve higher f1 in practice? I saw that f1 was around 0.72

[@alanblitzer744]

You are great bro

[@thomasayele5389]

Excellent explanation!

[@bhattbhavesh91]

I'm glad you liked it

[@sridhar6358]

so the idea of opting for ratio parameter in SMOTE to be a hyperparameter is to ensure we get better results is that correct, in general is it a good option to make ratio option of SMOTE to be a hyperparameter rather then fixing it to 1

[@rishisolanki554]

Really help

[@hosseinroosta5154]

Realy thanks♥️

[@bhattbhavesh91]

You're welcome 😊

[@MrFcapri]

kindly tell me I have 5 classes imbalanced data set. SMOTE will work for multi CLASS data set ?

[@VINODKUMARIYA]

Thank you sir !

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Most welcome!

[@AnupKumar-nz2qq]

After generating the synthetic data in which kind of situation this data can be useful any limitation of this type of data.

[@dhananjaykansal8097]

shouldn’t it be generate_auc_roc_curve(pipe, X_test). If no if Bhaveshbhai you or anyone can explain pls.

[@makhboulame9654]

Can SMOTE be used for Multi label classification dataset ? Thank you

[@priyas8871]

Can u please tell how this SMOTE can be applied for streaming data- In Test then Train Framework??

[@Asma-cx8uc]

Hello Sir ! Could you please describe how SMOTE technique can be used to balance data images

[@spadbob24]

thank you so much - very informative video

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Glad it was helpful!

[@ankushjamthikar9780]

Very Good Explanation. But, can we use this method for multiclass problem? Also, does SMOTE leads to overfitting issue?

[@sirvachjumani7215]

Hi Bhavesh, very nicely explained can you please tell me the literature of the following examples. thanks

[@hieunguyenvan6590]

Do you need to remove outliers of dataset if you SMOTE?

[@elaf8256]

How we can overcame the problem of Overlapping when used SMOTE??

[@syedshaulhameed]

How do I split my data into training and testing if my data is imbalanced?

[@JT2751257]

cello pointec- bachpan ki yaad dila di :)

[@debatradas1597]

Thank you so much Sir

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Most welcome

[@travelsome]

Perfection

[@mirroring_2035]

in your crosstab function you have y_test[target]. What is that? why is target used to index the y_test object?

[@channel-lk6xz]

I don't understand how we infer from auc roc. What are we seeing there and what are the values plotted here.

[@achyuthvishwamithra]

When the final ratio came out to be 0.005, doesn't it imply that the we are going to be generating a very small number (0.005 * majority) of samples for the minority class? How will the length of minority class samples ever be equal to that of majority class?

[@harshavardhansvlkkb2290]

Can we use smote to target column in data set

[@jgubash100]

Well explained

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Thank you!

[@MarsLanding91]

Thank you for this video! 2 thumbs up! Question - at 4:06 you selected KNN = 3 but I didn't see you applying that concept in the code section. Can you please elaborate on where you set KNN as 3 in the code section? Did I misunderstand something?

[@IykeDx]

When KNN is not stated, the default is 5.

[@clintpaul6653]

Can i apply sampling for test set too.. Becuase its also very unbalanced??? Plzzz reply

[@mramesh7085]

Nice expalnation

[@randomforrest9251]

how does smote work with categorical data?

[@powellmenezes584]

even i have this doubt - Hi, you used only two target 0 and 1 , how to do with more than two . Suppose target 1 is around 2000 , target 2 is around 200 , target 3 is around 11 and so on.

[@TheRaviraaja]

arxiv.org/pdf/1106.1813.pdf - check out algorithm, neighbours does matters.

[@shwetasharma1996]

Nice content! I would like to compare some techniques of oversampling.. Can you pl help me out to get the hard code of SMOTE not the packaged one..thanks

[@advaitshirvaikar4751]

Hey, when I try using make_pipeline(SMOTE(), SVC()) it gives me an error : All intermediate steps should be transformers and implement fit and transform or be the string 'passthrough' 'SMOTE(k_neighbors=5, kind='deprecated', m_neighbors='deprecated', n_jobs=1, out_step='deprecated', random_state=None, ratio=None, sampling_strategy='auto', svm_estimator='deprecated')' (type ) doesn't what's going wrong here

[@bhattbhavesh91]

The SMOTE function has changed after I created this video! Please refer to the documentation!

[@DanielWeikert]

if we use smote in the pipeline, is it only upsampling on training or also on testing when we call predict? Thanks

[@Eny11111]

Thanks 👍

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Welcome 👍

[@bhagwatchate7511]

Nice

[@dhananjaykansal8097]

Lovelyyyyyyy

[@ashishraj5882]

again ROC auc curve is used ??

[@atwinemugume]

Thanks

[@saptarshibhattacharya1253]

can u elaborate with a random forest algorithm in google colab?

[@helll5894]

What if there are more than 2 classes? In your video Sir, there are only 2 classes.. For example, I want to make 3 classes.. How can I implemented 3 classes on python use SMOTE?? Thank you, Sir

[@sourishmukherjee2404]

The final ratio for the final model after Grid search CV was for SMOTE=0.0005/Does thatg imply that the ratio(Minority class/Majority class)=0.005 .?Then how is the minority class gettting oversampled to equal proportion as the majority class??

[@akhilyeduresi8145]

gettings errors as : __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'ratio' AttributeError: 'SMOTE' object has no attribute 'fit_sample'

[@burhanrashidhussein6037]

Does smote guarantee to improve classifier performance ?

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Nope! It doesn't, it only upsamples your data by generating artificial samples! How good the model performs depends on how well your classes are apart!

[@hamzaraouia8975]

I have got this error when trying to run the smote: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'ratio' any clues ? Thank you

[@GurunathHari]

You must have figured it out by now. Am only a student. It has been deprecated as the video is 1 year old. try using this sm = SMOTE(random_state=42, sampling_strategy = 'minority')

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Thanks Gurunath for sharing this!

[@deepikadusane9051]

Hii bhavesh , i used ur this code of smote bt i m getting an error of ratio ie invalid parameter ratio for estimator Smote , how to resolve this

[@bhattbhavesh91]

I guess the function has changed! Do have a look at the documentation to learn more about it!

[@OriginalBernieBro]

The smote ratio parameter is deprecated, my off balanced dataset sklearn classification_report is off balanced in the support column even after smoting.

[@bhattbhavesh91]

The SMOTE function has changed after I created this video! Please refer to the official documentation!

[@wenhongzhu8637]

Hi~can you share the data set

[@anshumanagrahri7816]

Hiii, can you please tell how to use SMOTE on time series and sequential data

[@bhattbhavesh91]

you are a google search away for an answer!

[@soumyadeeparinda1692]

Can you please share the notebook with us using google colab?

[@kavanalipanahi3505]

True positive is 0 in the confusion matrix(by the formula the Precision and Recall should be equal to zero) .So how did you get that great number (over 70 %)?

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Please read the pinned comment!

[@kavanalipanahi3505]

@@bhattbhavesh91 I like your videos. :)))

[@dastola8330]

what is the use of defining random_state ?

[@bhattbhavesh91]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWOXaoJqnM6Voq8

[@akhilthekkedath1850]

Sir, could you please make a video on outlier detection?

[@bhattbhavesh91]

I have already created a video on outlier detection. Link - kzbin.info/www/bejne/aILVoKaqaZxnorM

[@deeptigupta518]

Smote can only be used in Logistic Regression or any classification model

[@bhattbhavesh91]

any classification algorithm!

[@AnkitGupta-ec4pi]

very well explained sir thank you

[@bhattbhavesh91]

You are welcome

[@bintehawa7712]

Please start a playlist for beginners to learn AI ,ML please

[@bhattbhavesh91]

Sure!

[@niyazahmad9133]

Smote__ratio is not a parameter of smote help me out plz......

[@bhattbhavesh91]

The SMOTE function has changed after I created this video! Please refer to the official documentation!

[@sanyajain2127]

Getting an error: ValueError: Unknown label type: 'continuous-multioutput'

[@bhattbhavesh91]

you are a google search away for an answer!

[@harishshanmugamdhanasekar311]

@@bhattbhavesh91 lol that's right 😂

[@The_Option_Seller_Room]

How to handled extremely imbalanced data for regression problem .

[@guico3lho]

At the end of the video, how all the 4 metrics scored above 70% if the model did not predicted correct none of samples classified as 1? There was 0 True Positives and 63 False Negatives!