Structure and function of the mitochondrion

[@HarvardOnline]

Learn more in our free online course, “Cell Biology: Mitochondria”: harvardx.link/pwnt

[@waggieoreilly5714]

I would love to join I think i might be good student Belfast Ireland love luck and laughter xxx

[@StenioSilvaBorges-sj8py]

I just watched your class now, I don't know who you are; but thank you very much for creating this class, and for sharing it on KZbin.

[@margueriteoreilly2168]

Always pushing bolders up Hills ....Respect...Belfast Ireland 🇮🇪 🇮🇪 🇮🇪

[@MsFireproof777]

Non-spontaneous actions are such sweet evidence for a Creator. Brilliant

[@md.arif.hussain372]

Very good information given it helped me a lot

[@ivonnecolon8471]

If it has a Chloroplast and Tylacoids structures is a plant cell. Mitochondria is a cell organelle present in both plant and animal cells. It's the powerhouse of the cell where energy is produced by Triphosphate of Adenosine

[@Alathar27]

Every time I watch Harvard's videos just listening to a voice of someone I don't know who is.... But in this video I've known that voice belongs to whom

[@kx4532]

Which way does the ATP synthase rotate? I keep seeing it different.

[@lesliesylvan]

I noticed this virtual protein ATP rotating "engine" went clockwise, while your video about harmful mitochondria rotated counter-clockwise (not assuming harmful go one way and healthy, the other, of course). My question was, "Can they rotate in either direction and if so, do they remain that way. Or is the rotation always the same for all mitochondria? It is an amazing symbiotic bacteria. Also, have you explained yet how different types of mitochondria having their own genetic make-up transfer data to the next generation. Lastly (for now), the reasons and effect of fusion and division perturbations.

[@colejohnson4941]

I'm not a qualified expert on this, but I'll try to answer some of these. The ATP Synthases in this video go counter-clockwise (when viewing from the matrix side), which is the correct direction. I believe there is a sort of locking system, so that even if the proton gradient was reversed they would not go backwards. There are some very similar proteins in other parts of the cell which are meant to do just that, they consume ATP to push protons "uphill". These are aptly termed "proton pumps". Mitochondria have their own plasmids which contain their genome, and some of the enzymes necessary to maintain/replicate it. They have to import many enzymes from the cytoplasm though, as the genes responsible are no longer located in the mitochondria. Mechanisms insure a complete genome makes it into each daughter mitochondrion when it divides, and that roughly half of a cell's mitochondria make it to each daughter cell when the overall cell divides. Mitochondria make it to each new human generation through the egg cell. Sperm cells have mitochondria but in a part that doesn't enter the zygote, thus your mitochondria come only from your mother who gets hers from her mother. I don't really understand your last question. Hope this helped though!

[@joserivas2971]

good

[@vickigriffin9421]

I worry when the topic you’re reporting on is spelled wrong, it is Mitochondria

[@HarvardOnline]

Hi there, Vicki! "Mitochondrion" is the less well known singular form of "mitochondria." This is a common misunderstanding, so thanks for calling it out.

[@vickigriffin9421]

HarvardX It must be very uncommon, thanks for the correction; because I have mitochondria issues and have seen specialists in many parts of the country and researched for years; and have never heard the term mitochondrion! You have educated me to a new term!

[@levig.7159]

@@HarvardOnline thanks i was gonna say that

[@nihilioellipsis]

Are you thinking about the difference between the singular and plural forms of the name of the organelle? because I was wondering if it was mitochondrion singular and mitochondria plural.