TAKE-OFF Speeds V1, Vr, V2! Explained by "CAPTAIN" Joe

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Today´s topic will be airplane take-off speeds, V1, VR and V2. I´m sure many of you have heard about these speeds.
I will explainin more detail what is so important about V1.
By the book V1 is defined as „The speed beyond which the takeoff should no longer be aborted“. Meaning that in case you experience any trouble with your plane before reaching V1, the classic example would be an engine failure, you would immediately abort your take-off and would apply all necessary matters to bring the aircraft to a stop.
Vr or better know as Rotate is defined as, “The speed at which the pilot begins to apply control inputs to cause the aircraft nose to pitch up, after which it will leave the ground“.
Easiest way to memorize Vr is, the point where the nose wheel leaves the ground vortexes are created at the wing tips which „rotate“ behind the aircraft.
V2 is defined as the Takeoff safety speed. The speed at which the aircraft may safely be climbed with one engine inoperative.
I will go through speeds and hope my explanation solves a few question about these mysterious speeds.
Make sure to check out my WEBSITE for more aviation related questions and answer at goo.gl/KGTSWK
And please follow me on INSTAGRAM: goo.gl/TToDlg
All the best your "Captain" Joe
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[@gauteskar-hovde9457]

1:49 When your mum calls you for dinner while playing fly-simulator

[@yourbigfan1777]

mum! I cant stop because i am at rotate speed!!

[@davidliu2243]

Lol

[@linusmadsen8191]

Aaah, good one😂

[@mangox7440]

P

[@purplejaguar1]

Happend to me... so i crashed the plane if I have to go I'll take you all with me

[@MrBamaboy1974]

I have starting applying these principles to driving my car through traffic lights. V1, I can stop but people behind me are going to be upset and my tires are going to hate me. VR, rotate, I can maybe stop but I coming in hot and spinning. V2, yeah I am not stopping, screw the light.

[@nishantnuthalapati1640]

this made it so much easier to understand what he explained in the vid

[@bigbossjc4117]

😂😂😂

[@craigpernice8200]

Brilliant!

[@eaglegrip6879]

ROTFL!

[@rangerrick8220]

And VF - for V flash - of the stoplight camera taking your licence plate...

[@jetnick3576]

Man, i’ve been flying for 41 years. Started in Cessnas at 19, 8 years USAF (including T38 instructor), and with a major US airline for over 30 years. With all that, i STILL watch your informative videos as a sort of refresher between and just prior to my training events (of course, i’m in the books as you’d expect), but it’s amazing how much one forgets, thus the term “refresher training”. Your videos are great refreshers for those of us who are old heads. Our standard brief: “Any problem under 80 knots we’ll abort. Between 80 knots and V1, we’ll only abort for engine failure, engine fire, predictive winds shear alert, or for any problem rendering the aircraft unable to fly. After V1, we’ll consider it an airborne emergency and continue the takeoff”.

[@alexanderpeterap]

My briefing sounds more or less the same but I believe it's pretty much depending on the plane you operate. (sure, heavy jet might be different but I'm a turboprop guy)

[@timothyhuber1518]

.

[@vjr5074]

@@alexanderpeterap ITS B737 BRIEFING

[@IbnuCuruk]

I have a question: Let’s say you reach V1 and all of your engines go out somehow. Wouldn’t it be safer to abort and use the remaining runway to lose as much kinetic energy as possible, rather than taking off because you have reached V1? My reasoning being that you’re far more likely to bleed off your energy on the ground, since trying to take off after reaching V1 with no engines will most likely result in something worse than what would happen on the ground. I mean no ill intent with my question. I just want to learn.

[@soumyaneelmukherjee11b58]

​@@IbnuCuruk yeah you are correct.

[@alangaming2003]

4:58 STALL STALL STALL STALL

[@adventurenlifelive4031]

Most definitely

[@Fabi-yi8qu]

nahhhh that is going well

[@emmanuelgeorge]

*MCAS has entered the chat*

[@leolammas7940]

As a licensed Aircraft Dispatcher[retired]. I find your videos filling a lot of updated information which expands my Knowledge. Keep it coming.

[@umulkheirabdullahi9269]

Currently fjnishing my dispatch course all the way from Kenya a place where the coirse is not so common

[@smokenot87]

Currently thinking about this as a career, would you recommend it to someone just starting out?

[@aliceimish]

@@umulkheirabdullahi9269 Thats so dope I'm going to do my license for dispatch wish me kuck

[@thesparkypilot]

Student pilot here…. This is very helpful! I’m just flying a tiny Cessna at this point but I like seeing how everything applies to even larger aircraft!

[@XtianzWolf]

1:48 When you forgot your earphones.

[@minitrundle]

When your mum calls Dinner whilst on flight simulator...

[@rituparnadas5081]

He said, "Just listen to the sound of the engines"

[@pspremalal9769]

@@minitrundle /muddying tolk

[@pspremalal9769]

@@rituparnadas5081 /knòck quiz

[@PanHowie]

In 2020 - when going out and forgot your mask

[@christoohunders5316]

What a gem for aviation enthusiasts, thank you mate !

[@josebaranda7681]

Am I the only one here who is not a Pilot or anything related to Aviation at all?

[@BadWebDiver]

No, I imagine quite a few of us "non-fliers" are watching these as well.

[@josebaranda7681]

But I want to become a pilot. Im 22 but I went back to school because Im an Immigrant so it was quite hard to live as I need to pay bills. and Aviation Course is so expensive so hopefully I can be a pilot one day.

[@agelbert]

I don’t fly either

[@watchande]

Nope.

[@incarteminerYT]

Algún día será.

[@Glen.Danielsen]

Captain Joe is sheer delight. Love watching his mini-docs!

[@francotenerelli9079]

Captain Joe, that was the best anyone has ever explained any part of a takeoff procedure that I have ever heard. Thanks Captain Joe! Frankie t Bronx country.

[@JMW80]

Fascinating! I have heard of these speeds but never quite understood exactly what they meant. I found this video to be most interesting and informative. Captain Joe-Thank you Sir!

[@mamacphylaineannl.9445]

Your lectures helps me a lot and made me fell in love with aviation even more!

[@devdasbhaktha1256]

As an airplane enthusiast and a graduate in physics-maths and having done a bit of simulator flying on Cessna 125 I found your video very informative. You are gifted with excellent power of expression giving out the best possible explanation in least of words and time.

[@ChristopherUSSmith]

Great explanation. The only time I heard these terms was in a film called "Rough Cut" with Burt Reynolds and Lesley Ann Down. Both methods are used. The gem courier plane uses "V1... Vr... V2" and the thieves' plane uses "V1, Rotate... V2".

[@vslingam000]

Excellent video which explains complex concepts in layman's terms. Need videos more frequently than once a week. Just subscribed to this channel.

[@ferjanyen]

It is good to hear and see all your videos. Keep going Captain Joe!!

[@rjflorida3206]

Wow these videos are awesome. Precise, thorough, just about the best explanation I've ever heard.

[@sivadas166]

Thanks Joe, This video helps me to apply V1 and V2 at home too during any quarrel as the explanation is very clear. I always try to remain at V1

[@marvinkigame2838]

As an inexperienced pilot... Your tips have made me better... You are my mentor from afar. Much love cpt.

[@wilsjane]

I worked as an airport engineer at Heathrow for a number of years and it always amused me when pilots who obviously knew all the practical application of the rules asked me to explain the full theory behind them. I always thought that if they had been trained in the full theory, the rules would have been obvious and they would have been less likely to make mistakes.

[@Krishna-hf8uc]

It’s always interesting to watch videos of Captain Joe in free time... I loved the starting theme of ATC!!

[@sorenmugridge3710]

Hi Captain Joe, Your channel is absolutely amazing! This channel is by far the best channel on youtube! Keep up the good work! An idea is to make a series with you in the cockpit of various planes and show us around.

[@wally12345na]

Soren Mugridge YEEEESSS!

[@cameronschindler25]

Correct

[@ttas8945]

Soren Mugridge you are not airbus

[@MrBen527]

Excellent insight as usual!!!!!!!!!

[@markmetilla6739]

Capt. Joe, thank you so much for all your videos, you are a great teacher and lecturer.

[@hashaliphilemonasher6136]

You are such a great teacher captain Joe. I wish i could be a pilot one day. Greetings from Namibia Windhoek.

[@BernkastelSan]

This really helped - I have an Aviation interview tomorrow and have to explain alot of aerodynamics. Thank you captain Joe!

[@OwenHeath]

Great to see you have reached 100k, deserved it!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Thanks Owen!

[@OwenHeath]

Captain Joe That's ok 🙂

[@veggieov3035]

Congrats on 1 mill 4 yrs later

[@OwenHeath]

@@veggieov3035 4 years later and still here

[@sudhakarhariharan3495]

Wanted to be a pilot. Simple but beautifully explained . VRotate I knew but learned V1 and V2 today . Look forward to your videos . Great

[@vidhyalakshminarasimhan4189]

Sharing information like this is mighty generous of these guys. The bonus is you begin to actually experience it.

[@juliemanarin4127]

I think flying is awesome! I have great respect for pilots! Love this informative channel!

[@EstrayOne]

Captian Joe my dude.... You don't even want to know how many flight simmers you give these tips to

[@jetnick3576]

me

[@rituparnadas5081]

Me too! :D

[@Utd_YT]

Ya me

[@thekarmanline3748]

Me

[@pspremalal9769]

Swim its

[@olivetree633]

Thank you for the information. I always like to learn things about everything and anything for my own knowledge. Please Keep up the good work and keep those videos coming

[@loullacharalambous8818]

Thanks for the information Captain!!! I never knew this

[@SwirlingSoul]

OOH, ram air turbine coming up! Cool! My favorite part of the Gimli Glider!

[@srednaxelaeid]

AirProud95 would say: "Rotatè"

[@logicbeaver3486]

Indeed

[@satagaming9144]

Correct name is groundpound69, please correct yourself, full readback required.

[@biffwellington1782]

Correction, it's Spaceman49

[@404miller5]

Request denied. Please alt f4 at your own convenience (paraphrasing but its something like that)

[@hinatak4665]

Call sign Sauce Boss going inverted in a 747 :)

[@happymadison1978]

Fascinating, thank you for this. Really well explained.

[@jjsifo1]

That was good , took me back 35 years , a great refresher !

[@bikestailer7430]

hey JO can you "PLEASE" do a video on flaps, slats and spoilers!

[@Jakub-fj9ud]

I was gonna say that as well xD

[@vovacat1797]

Bikestail er Yeah do it

[@maiksir73]

that matches perfectly with the topic "landing speed"

[@Jakub-fj9ud]

Just did xD

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Yes I´m working on it :)

[@rouser301]

Captain Joe, One of my heroes is Captain Al Haynes of Flight 232. This is the Capt. who had to land his DC10 in Iowa with all three hydraulic systems destroyed. He made it to the field, but a wing grazed the tarmac right at touchdown and it cartwheeled out of control, but he saved most of his passengers and all the flight crew. They say that a lot of pilots have tried to land that flight in a simulator and no one got anywhere near the airport. Have you tired this or something similar in a simulator?

[@odairserafim2284]

Captain Joe, you are such a great instructor. I learn a lot watching your videos. Congrats from Brazil.

[@mdh3616]

As always Joe, clear and concise! Thanks for the video. Its helping with my revision for an airline interview.

[@Sirianstar10]

Wow! That was so interesting. I learned a lot that l always wondered about! Nice!

[@user34274]

You are such a charming man, I had to rewind the video multiple times because I lost track of what you were saying. haha. Keep the videos coming! Great stuff.

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

As long as it helps, my pleasure ;)

[@insylem]

Your explination of V1 is better than others Ive heard. Thanks

[@ipw68]

Hi Thanks for the explanation, very useful!! Ive just had my very first sim training in the B737-800! :)Very excited and looking forward to the next training session soon! (just an aviation freak;)

[@joecraven2034]

Excellent description of these speeds. I just retired from a major US airline after 34 yrs (20 yrs as Captain of a Boeing 757). We never call out V2 but do call out V1 and ROTATE. You do a really nice job of explaining this topic.

[@pixurguy4915]

I retired a month ago after 35 years. The automatic voice on the airplane called out V1 PM called rotate. The 757 was my all time favorite airplane to fly. We had the Rolls Royce engines with lots of power.

[@riaanbosman4825]

Capt Joe, thanks for sharing your knowledge. Very interesting!

[@rajanb6291]

Joe I really love the way you describe all about flights

[@peperefred1350]

Merci pour vos explications et le temps que vous consacrez pour faire vos belles vidéos 😊

[@ashutoshagarwal4085]

Dear Joe , the knowledge which you give on your channel is just awesome. Thank you!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

My pleasure!

[@ashutoshagarwal4085]

Captain Joe All the best Sir!

[@aayushpatel298]

Captain Joe every time when i see the plane landing the nose gear lifts up before touch down. what if all the landing gears would touch down at the same time. I mean the main landing gear and the nose gear at the same Time?? could you please tell me that. I am really curios to know that please captain joe.

[@johnmichael7983]

@@aayushpatel298 Nose up helps reduce airspeed.

[@friendme1032]

Make sens now for student pilot to convert vx, vy, vcruse. Thank you so much for this great explanation and knowledge around the speed and practice. You are the best Captain 😊💎🦋🎼

[@donnyazoff980]

Thanks mate, I loved this video. Very informative and easy to understand!

[@renea.euceda8698]

I love the ending clips from your videos Edited: and the music

[@TheFlightSimChannel]

Nice video as always Captain Joe!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

My pleasure !

[@reeseknittle3225]

Captain Joe Does anyone know what 3 models Joe has behind him? They're beautiful!

[@smitasher6862]

Reese Knittle the top one might be a 757 or an airbus a321 The middle is a 737 The bottom is an a321

[@reeseknittle3225]

Smit Asher Thank you! Yes I went crazy about the top* one and found it is a Condor B757-300, (the longest narrow-body jet ever produced) which is why it looks so stunning haha! The other two I'm not sure, but A320 & 737 makes sense since Joe is an A320 pilot haha! Thanks again!

[@smitasher6862]

Reese Knittle the other two I'm sure ! They are a 737-800 and a320 respectively;)

[@adrianradunz7035]

Congrats to over 100.000 Subscribers 👏👏👏 Weiter so 😉

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Cheers Adrian!

[@drnonex2501]

Love your videos, as a pilot student ,it helps.

[@KSfan4ever]

These videos are always so interesting! He has a cute accent mixing up his "v" and "w".

[@terryanderson7316]

Thanks Joe, I fly an Embraer E110 for Adrenalin skydive in Australia. We call V2 on every sortie.

[@charleskingsworth354]

Then how come on your channel, it says that you work in the aluminium tubing industry. I think you are lying.

[@Mobius118]

I believe “sortie” is a term for military pilots only

[@AidanJulius]

@@charleskingsworth354 Aluminum tubes are another word for airplanes.

[@charleskingsworth354]

@@AidanJulius It is definintely not. Although most planes are made of aluminium, it has got nothing to do with working in the aluminium tube industry and has got nothing to do with flying planes. :)

[@caseydykes117]

@@charleskingsworth354 how can you know whether he does use aluminium tubing as a joke about him flying. You can't say what he did and didn't mean by that statement boomer lmao

[@ilyadiyanov0128]

Thank you Captain Joe, I new what V1 and VR meant but I didn't know what V2 means, this video was very helpful thanks again

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

My pleasure :)

[@reeseknittle3225]

Bomber Mayday Does anyone know what 3 models Joe has behind him? They're beautiful!

[@harshitkumar9672]

I just love his channel. 💓

[@nathaliefournier4385]

I’ve flown a small prop plane once,soooo much fun! But the course is too expensive and to maintain your pleasure licence is also too expensive,but I’ve always loved these big birds.My brother in-law is a A320 pilot.So he flies an Airbus and I drive a ground bus,lol.I’m a city bus driver. Amazing videos,thanks for sharing with us regular folk!

[@jamesdunlopplanespotting5031]

Hey Joe¬ Can you do a vid on the life of a pilot, and give us rosters and wakeup times etc, as i am sure this will be interesting!

[@zoli400]

Great video! Thank you Captain Joe! My questions is how does the takeoff abort happen before V1? Is there enough time to push back levers, set everything... to stop or is there an "emergency" button/switch? Who decide? And what is the communication protocol between flight crew? I mean if FO hear/see/feel something wrong how informs the captain? What are the key words to tell or things to do? What are the "must abort" and let decide events?

[@maryamfarajimahfrouzi7355]

Clear and flawless👍🏼✈️

[@kimyungym]

You are my big motivation Joe!!!!

[@ruanbarnard2470]

I wish i can become a pilot... I feel like child when i learn new things of planes.. thank so much JO. I learn so much. keep up good work. Who knows one day.

[@budgetsurvival1981]

Everyone can be a pilot if they try hard enough🙂.Good luck

[@happy543210]

"ladies and gentlemen, our inflight meal for today will be roasted quail!"

[@pspremalal9769]

Quail

[@wv1138]

Are they breaded and nugget-sized? Might not really be quail :)

[@Ohcmonyou]

Charred, thinly sliced, and seasoned lightly with jet fuel. Delish.

[@chistoph-msby5191]

I'm sure Reina happy Mike you still hacked me before belleville job

[@Bragga664]

😅😅😅

[@Kuba-ir8ts]

Stunning video and great revision!

[@CarlosAlmeida_xarly2]

Love to learn about airplanes. I was born on Curaçau, South Cariben, close to Venezuela, and live actualy in Portugal. As a kid I run away from home, which was not far away from the local airport at HATO just to see the propeller airplanes landing and taking off. It was than the first time I saw the first jet airliners and I couldn't get out of my surprise anytime they climbed straight to the air, very different from the propeller models. In spite of my love to these fantastic machines, I never learned to fly, but home simulators. Great to learn with you about so many details. Keep following you. Thanks.

[@mukundanpkandath2018]

excellent video clarity of explanations is superb thank you Captain

[@cosmonaat7797]

Envoy (American eagle) V2 callout - yes

[@jetnick3576]

Nich Meikle American Airlines (i’m on the 777), we don’t call V2. After “rotate”, we call “positive rate, gear up”...and that’s it. Probably like you, flight director commands an acceleration to V2 + 20 after engine failure, or a reduction to V2 + 20 if failure is above that. look forward to your flow-through!

[@Tarikibnoziade]

learned something this morning , thank you Captain !

[@lauratroncoso3970]

Bravo!...Me encanta tu explicación y que sea subtitulado, soy de Chile🇨🇱 y hablo español!

[@kennygo8423]

Hi Captain Joe, can you make a video about SPATIAL DISORIENTATION in avaition. Thanks.

[@wicosaviationchannel307]

Can you please do a video about the sharklets/winglets on an airbus a320?

[@nicolea2839]

I’ve been watching your vids since last year, and I’m a fan

[@BSPIVEY100]

Captain Joe, Your channel is really terrific. I thoroughly enjoy learning from you.

[@philipguacci6452]

thanks capt Joe. our 737-800 ingested birds into both engines on rotation out of Darwin. power was reduced and fuel dumped. we landed safely but heavily back at Darwin. both engines were flushed. the cores were okay. master alarm for overweight landing checked. two hours later we flew off safely against the wind. this was because a bushfire was burning and bird strike was again a factor if we took off into the wind on that duty runway. ATC and delay for new takeoff calculations. best regards.

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Oh dear, that sounds like a very very long day :(

[@gonzalopanduro4654]

Captain Joe hi capitain joe my name is gonzalo panduro i just want to tell you can you pleace make a video about turbulace on a plane i am not afraid of flying but i do get scare when i fly in turbulace should we be afraid of turbulace or not can a plane get damages with severd turbulace thank you.

[@geezerhull]

actually turbulence is fun.

[@souocara38able]

Dave Hull I've only been in a big plane twice, going and coming back. I found the take offs and landings somewhat interesting especially sitting behind the wing where I could observe the control surfaces as we flew out and back in. Besides that I was bored out of my mind except for a period of some turbulence :-)

[@marcmcreynolds2827]

@@gonzalopanduro4654 Just about any turbulence you might ever happen to be in, no matter how bad, is way less than what the plane is designed for. Suppose the wing tips are bouncing up and down by say a whole meter on either side of neutral position, and the cabin is making all sort of creaking sounds? Well, the wings must pass a test during aircraft certification where they are deflected with hydraulic jacks to more like 5 meters upward, and even then all of the flaps/slats/etc have to be able to operate! As for all the noise in the cabin coming from the overhead baggage containers during turbulence, those aren't part of the aircraft structure, though of course they have to meet certain strength requirements. So you can relax (or try to) while the aircraft does what it is designed very well to do.

[@predragzivkovictozovac9391]

1:48 When you forgot your wallet

[@aditijoshi3744]

I really had this question for a long time. Thanks for telling it.

[@binayakumarshahi8744]

Well Presented Captain......Keep up the good job !!!

[@niconiconnu]

Hey Joe could you please do a video on ANTI ICE?

[@FSXNOOB]

RTL or BBC should give you a TV show dude :)

[@TheKeule33]

dafuq, who is still watching TV

[@officialboomtish214]

TheKeule33 me, so you can stfu, and live with it.

[@Zyphera]

This is the TV show. And it's better here at KZbin then over at TV.

[@davethewave2197]

Wtf not RTL ! Captain Joe is to good for "assi TV"

[@gladaakk8863]

tv is dying so just stick to youtube

[@-fuk57]

Captain Joe was celebrating 100k subscribers back then. Here we are in 2021 and he has 1.5 million subscribers! Way to go, Joe!

[@abaridon]

Great explanation. I’m a purser for a major airline. I was aware of the call outs but was not sure of the meanings and never took the time to ask the guys. Always busy with giving the cabin information and getting their food and beverage orders. LOL

[@sam-ct5kc]

5:05 woah steep climb

[@digitalgamingctcc4110]

Vertical takeoff xd

[@luzibin]

太棒了，又有中文字幕，讓我了解V1/VR/V2的定義。

[@ACLTony]

Very well explained and educational. Why would anyone give this a thumbs down?? Thumbs up for this vid.

[@kulturamoto3302]

I actually took notes, thanks cap! :D

[@indiesuarez5546]

JOE IS ONLY A FIRST OFFICER!!?!?! Look at his shoulder stripes, only three!

[@AbdulQadir-vl4bz]

he definitely knows whats he's talking about in a very constructive way

[@yannisl8259]

wow you're so smart he hasnt said a 100 times

[@mubassirzaman7202]

mmmm, already noticed. But being a first officer in a plane and being a Captain isn't such a big difference.

[@oscarb9139]

@@mubassirzaman7202 Not true. The captain is the final authority on the jet. The captain is presumed to be more experienced. The captain is most likely the one held responsible for errors. Getting the fourth stripe is a big deal.

[@mubassirzaman7202]

@@oscarb9139 True.... but both are recpectfully same type of knowledge on the aircraft.

[@MegaZsolti]

5:51 I like the puffs of fire it makes.

[@nah_c4897]

Thanks for your videos, i'm student pilot now and it s very useful for me to learn the knowledge and improve my english. So thanks!

[@semioh]

Thank you for diverse subtitles!

[@douggale5962]

Is V1 a function of the aircraft or the runway? What if you are on an old military runway which is incredibly long, would V1 be more than Vr? Surely runways exist where you could easily brake to a stop from Vr, right?

[@citysoundfm]

Doug Gale in such a case you simply ignore the V1 and call “rotate”. Most commuter turbo props have short enough runs that the V speed charts only have Vr and V2 (VYse). Very good question BTW.

[@Goproflying]

Great question. You will find if you are in a position where a) you have a very long runway, or b) a very small/light aeroplane (therefore a large unnecessary amount of runway available) theoretically speaking V1 would probably be larger than Vr, but is prohibited from being lower than Vmcg. This is to ensure that directional control is still maintained on the runway in the event of an engine failure above Vmcg but below V1. In the event that a calculation places V1 greater than Vr, V1 must be reduced to be equal to Vr. To ensure other safety considerations are met, V1 is also limited by Vmbe, and Vtyre.

[@terks43]

When that is the case, Aka every takeoff at DFW for us V1 and Vr are the same eg V1-141 Vr-141 V2-158.

[@shutdahellup69420]

1:44 airplane sounds are so satisfying

[@nosokompacreations]

Thank you Captain Joe ! Greatings from Socrates creations in Athens Greece

[@mikedooly7288]

The 757 on its maiden flight took off from Renton Municipal Airport heading north over Lake Washington and just after liftoff ingested a seagull into the right engine. The Airplane just went into Payne Field Everett and we trucked the spare engine up and changed it. I remember the write ups, Birds seen entering the right engine Inlet, and the second was Fowl smell from the air conditioning.

[@helmse7152]

Takeoff is my favourite part of the ride

[@mijingputh4174]

u mad my doubts clear

[@saintleger858]

Very well explanation, bravo! Merci, thanks from France

[@timmymclennan4968]

Thanks Captain Joe👍 that was great,looking forward to seeing more. Cheers 🇦🇺👍