TCP/IP Model (Internet Protocol Suite) | Network Fundamentals Part 6

TCP/IP Model (Internet Protocol Suite) | Network Fundamentals Part 6
You’ve seen the OSI model, now see the TCP/IP model! It started as a competitor, but has grown into a suite of commonly used protocols.
It has gained popularity over OSI in a practical sense, as it was quick to standardise. The OSI model was slower, and missed out.
We’re going to look at the four (or is it five?) layers of the TCP/IP model, and see how they contrast to OSI.
The answers to the quiz questions, a must for CCENT and CCNA candidates, can be found at: networkdirection.net/labsandq...
The CCENT/CCNA study guide (affiliate): click.linksynergy.com/link?id...
In the next video, we’re looking at the TCP and UDP protocols, what they’re for, and how they’re different.
Overview of this video:
0:00 Introduction
4:31 Application layer
5:32 Transport layer
6:51 Network layer
8:08 Data Link layer
9:33 Physical layer
LET'S CONNECT
🌏 / networkdire. .
🌏 / netwrkdirection
🌏 / networkdirection
🌏 www.networkdirection.net

[@johnotell8140]

I'm going to share your playlist with my classmates. Everything I've heard so far is very helpful and fills in a lot of blanks from the lack of instruction in my class. You're doing us all a great service, thank you!

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks! Get the word out there!

[@yangliu925]

You are talent teacher！！Make the complicated thing simple.

[@NetworkDirection]

Thank you Yang Liu!

[@avantikak6480]

@@NetworkDirection Sir, I really think you should also put up some videos explaining Telnet, email, its architecture satellites in networks like Leo, meo, geo, this stuff would really enhance this playlist of your computer networks and help others too!

[@NetworkDirection]

@@avantikak6480 Thanks for the suggestions!

[@john_paul]

God, I wish I had been smart enough to use these 3rd party videos to help with understanding basic networking for my cybersecurity class in spring. The things we were meant to study from were 10-15 year old videos by a professor at uni and an unnecessarily lengthy and boring textbook. Thanks for helping out! I'm gonna use these to finally complete this course and graduate!

[@NetworkDirection]

Glad to help out!

[@randomirrelevant1788]

Same here. Really makes you wonder about all of the other cool fields that could be learned as easily as this. Blows my mind. It’s always the people with hands on experience that can best explain complicated subjects in a shortened but effective way.

[@YexyYT]

Recent graduate here! B.A. In cyber security. Been using these videos to refresh some of my network knowledge. (End of the year was crowded with other classes). I applied to be the Sys Admin of my college. I had a meeting with the supervisors prior to graduation and they sounded optimistic about the possibility of employment. I'm currently working a summer job as IT Desktop in the mean time. These are very informative along side the projects I've been doing. Fingers crossed I get the job and thank you for the excellent resources!

[@little_brat.]

Did you get it? 🤞

[@YexyYT]

@@little_brat. Oh yeah about a month later after doing some more personal projects. I got hired on as the primary Systems Administrator!

[@little_brat.]

@@YexyYT Hell yeah!! 💪 Well done Sir - congrats 🍻 I'm a newbie and just starting my "network journey" and those videos are the best I found so far!

[@francelucylucy]

I always think that ... professor from university might not always explain things well. But very rare to meet someone like you to explain thing very clear. Thank you, I really appreciate a lot your lectures.

[@victorgarcia3000]

This guy is calm and explains very well the concepts

[@musicmher]

All of your videos are incredible. I am watching them with great pleasure . Thank you 🙏

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks for watching!

[@M0rdFustang]

This was super useful and well broken down, thank you.

[@angusquigley3713]

Great Video - It made a lot of sense, better than anything I have read so far!

[@brianmisasa]

I especially like how you explain adding headers as the data moves through each layer

[@msmnazemi]

Excellent clip. Thank you.

[@OchirBFolo]

The world's best explanation, keep it up 🎊thank you +Network Direction

[@chandanapriyambada5500]

Very crisp and clear, Thank you so so much for all your efforts !

[@NetworkDirection]

You're very welcome!

[@danimoosakhan]

Quiz #2 Questions/Answers: 1. TCP/segment (Transport layer 4) deals with logical port numbers 2. IP/packet (Network layer 3) deals with source and destination IP addresses 3. Ethernet/frame (DataLink layer 2) deals with MAC address on a local network and does CRC to check the integrity of the frame. I think it uses hash algorithm such as MD5 or SHA1.

[@ifeoluwaadeyemi8442]

Isnt it trailer? If not then what is?

[@sivatoleti699]

👍

[@geogmz8277]

Haven't watched the video yet.. But for sure! Well explained your channel deserves more visibility.

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks! More visibility would be nice 😃

[@dillyvillestory7108]

Awesome content! Thank you so much for it! Subscribed

[@dimitarmirchev]

Great content. Keep up the good work!

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks! More on the way!

[@rendog311rendog2]

Great Video man! Keep up the good work. I like videos where basics are explained.

[@NetworkDirection]

You're very welcome! Good to hear that you like it!

[@NetworkDirection]

Quiz is here: networkdirection.net/labsandquizzes/quizzes/tcp-ip-model-quiz/ The CCENT/CCNA study guide (affiliate): click.linksynergy.com/link?id=RL4E*8CmbSY&offerid=145238.2445867&type=2&murl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciscopress.com%2Ftitle%2F9781587205804

[@Marius-vw9hp]

This guy sounds excactly like the guy on my Headspace app.

[@aflyingtoaster6096]

your way of explaning things is awsom

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks!

[@adamsoliev6667]

Thank you so much for doing this. You probably saved me a lot of sleepless nights. Exceptional content! Keep up the good work.

[@NetworkDirection]

Glad I could help!

[@vtrandal]

Regarding the Transport layer, you said "Put simply, they (TCP/IP and UDP) use port numbers to track sessions." Thank you for that perspective. The name "port" bothered me for years and now its purpose is all that matters. Thank you.

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks for your comments Vincent. I'm glad to hear it is helping you!

[@trycryptos1243]

Watched on 20/2/22. Great information.

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks!

[@FreshTechNetworkInterviewQA]

It's very helpful ....

[@NetworkDirection]

That's excellent to hear!

[@reecefrancis2082]

Passed my Exam! thanks mate! :P

[@NetworkDirection]

It's great to hear that! Did these videos help?

[@reecefrancis2082]

Helped a ton, failed 4 times and got it on the 5th after watching these videos for a week :)

[@NetworkDirection]

@@reecefrancis2082 Well done! Good job sticking with it

[@98854arjun]

Which exam?

[@danimoosakhan]

Quiz #5: Data link (Ethernet protocol) Network (IP protocol) Transport (TCP and UDP)

[@botanski]

BUT WHO IS MORE COMMON TCP OR UDP ?

[@ismailsanan85]

@@botanski depends tcp is used in massages and udp are used in video streaming

[@uweguevara3651]

@@ismailsanan85 ..and in audio also. The point is what counts more. Speed or security. TCP is more secure, wherelse UDP is faster.

[@ismailsanan85]

@@uweguevara3651 that's true ,but in the more common in the world wide web reality in all streaming sites UDP is being used and in other cases TCP since as you mentioned that UDP is faster and TCP is more secure.

[@uweguevara3651]

Quiz 3: 1. Should be: 4. Http, TCP, IP and Ethernet and 1 Ehternet trailer. 2° 2nd Model has just 1 upper layer instead of 3. 3° Ethernet, IP and TCP.

[@prakashmc2842]

Miga Arumai! Valthukkal!

[@NetworkDirection]

thanks!

[@ImTiui]

Great vid! I think that the first RFC for TCP was the 793 that uses a different nomenclature for each layer btw. It's insane thinking that 40 years ago the protocols that we use today on internet would be used...

[@NetworkDirection]

Yeah, people talk about how fast IT changes, but we're still running on the same protocols from decades ago (although they do get improvements)

[@shihomyano7292]

#Q5 DL : ethernet(mac add) N : IP(ip src dst) T : TCP(port no dst)

[@irraisonnable3025]

Thank you again ! :D

[@NetworkDirection]

You're welcome!

[@uweguevara3651]

8:10, Quiz1: Answer: the router.

[@jonjetmore4018]

Guy is going out of his way to make insanely good content for everyone and you're trying to keep people from sending him $2 on Patreon so he can live a little better lol Classy

[@mahdimix5468]

@@jonjetmore4018 I like your opinion, you are open minded

[@daxion6093]

Thank you a lot

[@NetworkDirection]

You are welcome @Da Xion 😀

[@DaluoFang]

Hello, after reading your Network Fundamentals series of articles, I have benefited a lot, but because the video is not translated or the machine translation is inaccurate, my learning journey is relatively difficult, so I wrote the learning content as an article. , I took some pictures from the video as documentation. At the same time, I published Wenhang on the Chinese "Minority" platform, and indicated you and your video connection address, hoping to get your authorization.

[@NetworkDirection]

I'm not familiar with this platform, but if you include a link back here, that should be ok

[@ThangNguyen-eb8bt]

Thanks for the video. I have a little trouble understanding with my English, so I am confused a little. Does the physical layer or the data link layer transfer the data from device to device in a network? And the network layer responsible for transferring data to other networks?

[@NetworkDirection]

Yes, the network layer focuses on getting information to a device in a network This can be the local network, or another network. This is where IP addresses are important. Layer-2 focuses on getting information from one hop to the next. For example, getting information to a default gateway. This is where Ethernet and MAC addresses are used. Layer-1 handles the physical transmission. This means using electrical, light, or radio signals.

[@thewallstreetjournal5675]

Do these port numbers represent hardware registers or memory addresses.

[@NetworkDirection]

Neither. They represent 'sockets', which is a way for operating systems and applications to sort out how to handle incoming network traffic

[@thewallstreetjournal5675]

Thanks for responding.

[@escrowdis]

9:08 Why the router uses the different MAC address to send the packet out? You can see the destination MAC address is 02:FD:8A:96:BC:23 when the packet comes in but the source MAC address is 02:99:4F:63:AB:29 when go out. Thanks.

[@NetworkDirection]

When the frame was first sent, it had the destination MAC of the router When the router forwarded it on, it will have sent it out another interface, which will have a different MAC

[@KenSherman]

That Australian 🌏🦘🐨 accent.🗣️ 🇦🇺👍🏽

[@NetworkDirection]

G'day

[@youngaltaer]

How do you get to the website for the quiz?

[@wesleywalsh4025]

Hey there. At 9.10 in the video when the router was the destination MAC, it was different than when the router was the source MAC. Did I see that right? Do the router change it's MAC? Thanks. Love your tutorial videos by the way

[@JJFlores197]

Routers usually have 2 interfaces: A WAN interface and a LAN interface. The LAN port is what connects your devices inside of your network to your router via the switch. The WAN interface connects the router to your modem. All interfaces have their own MAC address is which is why the source MAC changes.

[@abdul99ahad]

Question: When computer 1 is sending data to the router, the destination MAC is of the router, and the source is of computer 1 MAC address. When the router received the packet, it should set it's own MAC address to source and computer 2 as the destination. Why does the router changing its MAC address before and after receiving the packet? 9:12

[@sasanknvs5603]

Can you emphasize more on physical layer?

[@NetworkDirection]

There's a fair bit of information on the physical layer in the part 2 video, hope that helps

[@danimoosakhan]

Does application layer count as header? If no, the answer for Quiz #3 is 3 headers and 1 trailer

[@ashpanriders8588]

I think Each layer adds a header to the data unit on the sender end so that the other same layer on the receiver end, can understand the instructions being communicated by the sender which is know as peer to peer connection. if i am right then the answer is 4 Headers and 1 Trailer.

[@someoneunknown7242]

what is the 1 trailer?

[@someoneunknown7242]

@@ashpanriders8588 what are the 4 headers and the 1 trailer?

[@fredtyu5723]

@@someoneunknown7242 the one trailer is the ethernet trailer

[@mahdimix5468]

@@someoneunknown7242 I know it's so late but, ethernet trailer,transport (tcp header), network(ip address header),data link (ethernet header).

[@jiatuli6421]

9:11, why source MAC is not consistent with the destination MAC without router?

[@NetworkDirection]

The source MAC changes to the MAC of the router

[@nadila3416]

Hello sir, I wanna ask regarding this pandemic covid 19. Would you relate how the 5 network layers work in the spike of low-latency applications (teleconferencing and video streaming), how is the implementation of those 2 things based on 5 network layers sir. I hope you answer me please:(

[@bLoOdStOne24]

Network congestion. Due to large numbers of clients that use internet at the same, the network becomes congested.

[@ChannelVH1]

Wasn't the breaking of data into chunks managed by the transport layer in the OSI model? Based on the equivalency between the 2 models, shouldn't the transport layer be responsible for breaking data in chunks? 7:01

[@gregoryreiter3791]

nice

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks!

[@user-cr6zu5mm5j]

why does the port number and IP addresses help open more then one session? I have an vauge idea, but I cant grasp it. Can someone explain?

[@nikteslaraj2656]

Data is transferred from one source device to destination device the , data has to go throught each of device (both devices) & crossponding layer (layer 1 - layer 2) for communicate, would give an example for dis?

[@nettion]

Can you do a video explaining bgp protocol please thanks

[@NetworkDirection]

I would very much like to do this! I don't know when I'll get to it though

[@nettion]

Thanks. You are a great teacher. I have turned notifications on 🙂

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks 😀

[@razvanmuresan6683]

in the OSI model, the transport layer breaks the data into segments and in the TCP/IP model, the network breaks the data into packets? i am so confused...

[@NetworkDirection]

The transport layer doesn't break up the data. It's interested in making sure the applications get the data they need. The Network layer is interested in getting the data from one device to another device across the network. To do this, it breaks the data into packets

[@ernaldo1848]

I didn't get something, is it the TCP protocol that breaks data into let's call them pieces, or is it the IP protocol?

[@NetworkDirection]

TCP and UDP break the data into pieces and add headers to each segment IP will add additional headers. If each piece of data is too big, IP may break it into pieces as well

[@ernaldo1848]

@@NetworkDirection Thanks for the answer. May I ask in which conditions the IP protocol breaks data? Why can't the TCP do it all at once?

[@NetworkDirection]

Networks have a value called an MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit). This is the largest size a single piece of information can be to pass through the network. Sometimes a type of network (often a WAN link) will have an MTU that's smaller than the rest of the network. In this case, a router may need to break a packet into two parts. This process is called fragmentation

[@uweguevara3651]

Quiz 2: IP: Packet, Ethernet: Frame, TCP: I've forgotten, but I think it's block ???

[@mahdimix5468]

TCP it's called a data segment

[@SalmanMalik-1234]

Hi, please i wanted to subscribe to patreon but when i created an account and tried to confirm it from email it said" your account is suspended please speak to our support" . also the card i use is debit card not credit card and i use that card for in all apple purchases and it works but in your website it did not work. can you please help me out? thanks

[@unni4137]

4:33

[@robloxdude6598]

9:49 copper

[@ichigoxpsy]

Quiz#3 Ans: 4

[@avantikak6480]

Does trailer count for a header too?

[@ichigoxpsy]

Avantika K The question is asking the total amount of headers and trailers

[@reema7277]

9:56 someone is hungry

[@NetworkDirection]

😆 Just background noise. I'm getting better at sound 'engineering'

[@ashpanriders8588]

Quiz #2 TCP:- TCP Segment IP:- IP Datagram or IP packet Ethernet :- Frame or Ethernet Frame

[@ifeoluwaadeyemi8442]

Isnt it trailer?If not then what is?

[@SveenxHD]

3:37 "the network uses the (what?) protocol? couldnt hear what he said

[@wufffwuff]

Crayons internet protocol (IP) :)

[@NetworkDirection]

"The network layer uses the internet protocol" (I know, my accent's a bit thick)

[@TheAbdallah44]

@@NetworkDirection you just like Irish

[@kewaltakhellambam7710]

0:16 ! :)

[@natnaelgeremew9926]

Great stuff!! but you should not force us to be a member in order to get answers for the quiz in your sessions.

[@NetworkDirection]

I'm not forcing you into anything. I put a lot of work into these, and I give away 95% for free

[@natnaelgeremew9926]

@@NetworkDirection fair enough!

[@avantikak6480]

@@NetworkDirection absolutely Sir, even the price you're charging for the rest 5 percent is really reasonable. We're all really grateful, thank you 😊

[@NetworkDirection]

@@avantikak6480 Thanks for your understanding

[@eeee8677]

5:03

[@ashpanriders8588]

Quiz #1 : Router

[@SalmanMalik-1234]

ashish thakur the devices must be router not switch because a router connects two different networks

[@ashpanriders8588]

@@SalmanMalik-1234 thanks dude for the correction the answer Routers are what route packets between networks. For a host on one network to reach a host on a different network requires a router to route the packets between networks

[@roman3201]

idk I think this was just as confusing as the course

[@NetworkDirection]

sorry to hear that. One day it will 'click'. Just keep trying!

[@LoveUnconditional777]

Great video series but I'm not signing up for patreon just to look at a few answers It's a big disappointment that you're asking for donations just to receive the answers to questions. I'll just buy the guide elsewhere.

[@symphonyinrose]

So you'll pay for content when nothing's offered for free but not support someone when 99% is offered for free?

[@agentsnorlson7913]

Its two dollars. How much would you be paying a college to do the same thing?

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks mate

[@NetworkDirection]

Thanks, I appreciate your understanding. Not many people get it

[@LoveUnconditional777]

@@symphonyinrose Yup. I paid a few dollars for six entire CCNA tests. Now that's my moneys worth. But do what's best for you and I'll do what's best for me. G'day.

[@xiaoyilin9980]

it, them, this, that . I feel like you use these words too many times in the video and it's confusing me