The 4 things it takes to be an expert

Which experts have real expertise? This video is sponsored by Brilliant. The first 200 people to sign up via brilliant.org/veritasium get 20% off a yearly subscription.
Thanks to www.chess24.com/ and Chessable for the clip of Magnus.
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Chase, W. G., & Simon, H. A. (1973). Perception in chess. Cognitive psychology, 4(1), 55-81. - ve42.co/chess1
Calderwood, R., Klein, G. A., & Crandall, B. W. (1988). Time pressure, skill, and move quality in chess. The American Journal of Psychology, 481-493. - ve42.co/chess2
Hogarth, R. M., Lejarraga, T., & Soyer, E. (2015). The two settings of kind and wicked learning environments. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(5), 379-385. - ve42.co/Hogarth
Ægisdóttir, S., White, M. J., Spengler, P. M., Maugherman, A. S., Anderson, L. A., Cook, R. S., ... & Rush, J. D. (2006). The meta-analysis of clinical judgment project: Fifty-six years of accumulated research on clinical versus statistical prediction. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(3), 341-382. - ve42.co/anderson1
Ericsson, K. A. (2015). Acquisition and maintenance of medical expertise: a perspective from the expert-performance approach with deliberate practice. Academic Medicine, 90(11), 1471-1486. - ve42.co/anderson2
Goldberg, S. B., Rousmaniere, T., Miller, S. D., Whipple, J., Nielsen, S. L., Hoyt, W. T., & Wampold, B. E. (2016). Do psychotherapists improve with time and experience? A longitudinal analysis of outcomes in a clinical setting. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63(1), 1. - ve42.co/goldberg1
Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993). The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance. Psychological Review, 100(3), 363. - ve42.co/anderson3
Egan, D. E., & Schwartz, B. J. (1979). Chunking in recall of symbolic drawings. Memory & Cognition, 7(2), 149-158. - ve42.co/chunking1
Tetlock, P. E. (2017). Expert political judgment. In Expert Political Judgment. Princeton University Press. - ve42.co/Tetlock
Melton, R. S. (1952). A comparison of clinical and actuarial methods of prediction with an assessment of the relative accuracy of different clinicians. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota.
Meehl, E. P. (1954). Clinical versus Statistical Prediction: A Theoretical Analysis and a Review of the Evidence. University of Minnesota Press. - ve42.co/Meehl1954
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. - ve42.co/Kahneman
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Special thanks to Patreon supporters: RayJ Johnson, Brian Busbee, Jerome Barakos M.D., Amadeo Bee, Julian Lee, Inconcision, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, Chris LaClair, Avi Yashchin, John H. Austin, Jr., OnlineBookClub.org, Matthew Gonzalez, Eric Sexton, john kiehl, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Dumky, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Timothy O’Brien, Mac Malkawi, Michael Schneider, jim buckmaster, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
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Written by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Animation by Ivy Tello and Fabio Albertelli
Filmed by Derek Muller and Raquel Nuno
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound (ve42.co/music)
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, and Emily Zhang

[@khabuda]

The pattern recognition became very clear to me when I learned Morse code. The human brain takes 50 milliseconds to process and understand a sound. People regularly send and receive Morse code at 30 words per minute, which puts the dit character and the gap between all characters at 40 milliseconds. So you literally have to process sounds faster than the brain can recognize them. Over time you start to hear whole words in the code rather than individual letters, but you still have to decode call signs character by character. You basically cache the sounds in your brain without processing them, and once the whole set of characters passes, your brain is able to turn it into an idea and add it to the stack of previous ideas while your ears are already caching the next set of characters.

[@NarutoMagicCyclops]

It's even more interesting when you start learning the patterns to how people drive. You can pretty much predict what someone is going to do just based on how they position the vehicle. And being a bus driver it's a good skill to have. It's surprising how many people share the exact same methods of cutting into traffic or in front of a 20t vehicle that could squish their pathetic trucks. It's great for avoiding accidents on and off work. Truck drivers though... They can be 50/50.

[@chrismcaulay7805]

This is the same as reading a word, rather than a letter... Its just using a different system (auditory, rather than visual). Our brains LOVE to group (or "chunk") things given the understanding and oppertunity.

[@skinovtheperineum1208]

I had a schizo co-worker one time who could pick snippets of dialog out of white radio noise.

[@khabuda]

@@skinovtheperineum1208 "Go into the light!"

[@hysteria8455]

@@khabuda where did u learn morse code i wanna give it a try..?

[@SwapravaNath]

"we should be wary of experts who don't have repeated experience with feedback" perfectly nailed it.

[@darklight898]

@13:00 how does that formula work

[@trspanda2157]

Jesus loves us all that's why he died for our sins

[@XKnightLightX]

there are ways to make up for experience but this is a conversation that you're not prepared for. Also people can speak from experience and also receive second hand experience. There are requirements to being able to make up for lack of real experience.

[@sunbleachedangel]

@@XKnightLightX that's what a non expert would say

[@XKnightLightX]

@@sunbleachedangel thats just my elevator pitch. Your comment isnt valid until you examine my entire idea so

[@krf7784]

Become an expert: 1. Repeated Attempts with Feedback 2. Valid Environment 3. Timely Feedback 4. Don't Get Too Comfortable Build Long term memory: 1. Valid Environment 2. Many Repetitions 3. Timely Feedback 4. Deliberate Practice

[@IDMYM8]

What do you mean to say?

[@SyahmiLaggger]

Its interesting that 1,2 and 4 are just the same thing. Deliberate challenging practice with timely feedback. And then less probabilistic environment.

[@benravenhill484]

cool bro

[@kirillstp]

An expert is someone physically unable to say "I don't know"

[@owoitsmrdonutgirl]

Ive been doin this with the piano

[@SkyLordPanglot]

As a chess player I want to make a little correction. The feedback is not just winning or losing, but rather its cause and effect. Developing or leaving pieces in certain places leads to different outcomes as a butterfly effect. At first you cannot recognize what action or inaction caused the whole avalanche that leads to you dominating or losing, but with time you start to recognize for example that leaving your bishop over there always allows the opponent to attack. So your feedback is actually recognizing how patterns or moves lead to other patterns.

[@TreespeakerOfTheLand]

That is actually quite a good point. I am a beginner at chess and I am seeing more and more patterns, as well as the butterfly effect. It's really cool haha

[@Shvetsario]

I use the same concept to improve my skills in drawing realistically or learning music. I don’t watch tutorials, I pay attention to exactly where I went wrong and how I can improve it, targeting that specific weakness

[@SkyLordPanglot]

@@userh6699 What is from what book?

[@SkyLordPanglot]

​@@danielburleson563Check the likes again 🙂

[@danielburleson563]

@@SkyLordPanglot you have 500 likes when top comments usually have tens of thousands? Wow buddy, you're really bragging huh

[@ONAROccasionallyNeedsARestart]

I recently had a MASSIVE argument with my university because they repeatedly did not provide any feedback to essays or exams. Just a mark and that's it. I backed my perspective with a ton of academic works on education, that I doubt any of them ever read. I'm going to show them this video. Because university courses that don't provide feedback are virtually useless.

[@wouldyoureturntomonke2452]

Hopefully you got them feedbacks

[@stressedbyamountainofbooks]

Not to mention the occasional mistakes which in turn is an undetectable false feedback

[@maiyenish8552]

They will point to #2 or #4. You point to #3 They will point you to your instructor's office hours.

[@PeteQuad]

I'll play devil's advocate and say that a normal university course is not trying to make you an expert at a skill. Reading about a topic and then writing your thoughts down will give you a level of knowledge about it that allows you to begin to think critically about it. It is only a starting point to becoming an expert, if you want to take that path. No one expects someone coming out of college to be an expert in anything.

[@hunszaszist]

​@@PeteQuad quite a steep price for what's equivalent to watching a KZbin playlist or taking a Udemy course

[@AlienScientist]

04:56 1. Repeated Attempts with feedback 06:52 2. Valid Environment 11:23 3. Timely Feedback 13:46 4. Don't get too comfortable

[@TrainsandRockets]

I was looking for it...thanks

[@libertyprime7911]

It's funny how many times this comment is repeated. I'm becoming an expert.

[@darklight898]

@13:00 how does that formula work

[@menuhin]

16:32 To build up memories (as an expert), it requires 4 things: - Valid Environment - Many Repetitions - Timely Feedback - Deliberate Practice

[@kgill99]

Would it be easier to say -practice a lot -with timely feedback -where the feedback is valid -and also when you practice drill down into what you are doing

[@binham122]

I think there's another way to think about this A. Expertise is about recognizing the pattern B. Recognizing pattern comes from storing highly structured information in the long-term memory via FEEDBACK Four things it takes to store highly structured information in the long-term memory via FEEDBACK 1. Repeated Attemps (WITH FEEDBACK) - you must have some type of feedback first 2. Valid Environment (PROPER FEEDBACK) - the feedback should give you valuable lesson to improve the next time 3. TIMELY FEEDBACK 4. Deliberate practice (PROGRESSIVELY UPGRADE FEEDBACK) because overlapping & repeating feedback won't help you become better, it must be upgraded over time for new lessons, and hence improved expertise accordingly -> As you can see, it all surrounds feedback, which indeed, is the core of learning, recognizing pattern as we see in machine learning. After all, ti's about using feedback in the right way, right?

[@duyminh9526]

suy nghĩ bạn sâu thật đấy, cảm ơn b vì bài học giá trị

[@RaphyJmusic]

I like this way you broke it down 👌

[@softwareamedida]

Great one!!!!

[@Radiers]

underrated comment

[@falsonaga]

Commenting so I can always come back to this comment

[@razvanuscatu8137]

" To become an expert, you need to practice for thousands of hours in the uncomfortable zone, attempting the things you can't do quite yet ". This is powerful. It encapsulates the main ideas so beautifully. I am grateful for finding this video and thank you for sharing it with us.

[@chess]

Wow, this was incredibly insightful!

[@prabhat_sharma]

XD You're here too?!

[@alfiethomson3349]

wow chess itself amazing

[@romerrosales-hasek1961]

do u know how magnus guessed the zapata vs anand game? it was literally 2 moves in and a petrov, which is a pretty common opening. i think im missing something lol

[@thyblackpanther]

They got a channel

[@vladpetre5674]

@@romerrosales-hasek1961 ​ There's no other memorable game in a Petroff. Similarly had the position started with a couple of moves in the Philidor, Magnus would have said Morphy's opera game. I know these even if I'm just 1500. But make no mistake, Maggie can recognize some very obscure GM games

[@lucascarman2578]

Getting comfortable is the part that always kills me. I learn very quickly but once I get something down fairly well, I stop challenging myself and just rest on that success.

[@charlesparr1611]

I think thats actually a positive, i would think that in almost any situation, having a good command of many skills and subjects, and being able to move on to the next thing fairly often would have much greater utility. First, because in most things experts are not that much more useful than the merely competent. If you spend ten times the resources and time to become twice as good, then that only matters much in fairly specific tasks. secondly, what happens if your area of expertise either beomes irrelevant or you are unable to use that expertise for some other reason? Imagine being the star running back through high school and college, certain to be drafted. Since the age of 8 that guy has devoted unbeleivable time and effort, got a scholarship that was of necessity a basketweaving degree (not all but most football players do not get useful degrees or even finish them) and so lost that opportunity for education, and suffers a career ending injury in the second last game of a college season. All that expert knowledge all that training just became useless, at best they might have some crossover skills, and depending on the expertise there might be few of those. Perhaps your own 'weakness'n is a strength?

[@ynemey1243]

Comfort level doesn't matter at all. Deliberate practice does.

[@daniss8828]

@@ynemey1243 l

[@abrartanim6740]

this is literally me

[@schechter01]

A lot of us have that problem.

[@dawsontate2989]

As a teacher, I think this info is so important. As students we are taught to perceive ourselves as one form of learning, instead we actually learn best from multiple approaches.

[@lizanna6390]

I remember they tested us all as whether we were kinesthetic, audio or visual learners. Luckily a lot of teachers pretty much ignored the results.

[@anildhage]

Man. You just clarified a concept which I was struggling to understand for years. Literally years. You definitely deserve validation for your work. A big thanks to you.

[@RaphyJmusic]

@@userh6699 ah interesting, does it have all the 4 concepts?

[@samehismail8217]

5:00 repeated attempts with feedback 6:47 valid environment 11:23 timely feedback 13:50 don't get too comfortable

[@CrazyGaming-ig6qq]

0:00 beginning 8:59 middle 17:58 end

[@andresquijanouc6195]

0:28 random number generated 4:30 random number generated 7:24 random number generated 12:56 random number generated

[@nadeembajwa8530]

😂😂😂

[@RaisedBySheeps]

you're a baller, king. added 18 minutes to my life from this summary. maybe you are actually a god and not a man. i already have a father but you can be my daddy

[@Kaiwizz]

Thanks, I have seen this video a couple of times, but sometimes I just forget his exact wording. You just spared me the hassle of scrubbing through the video for a refresher.

[@IndrajitRajtilak]

The four things are 1. Valid environment (chess is valid, roulette is random) 2. Many repetitions (predicting election results is hard as they are rare events with low repetitions vs. tennis shots) 3. Timely feedback (anesthesiologist gets instant feedback vs. radiologist gets delayed feedback) 4. Deliberate practice (practice at the edge of your comfort zone, identify weakness and work on it)

[@KenDM]

Thanks mate. Watched this vid a while ago, didn't take notes. Thanks to your comment I recalled everything again without the need to spend 20 mins again.

[@legendaperfeitadotrap]

THE THUTH

[@savageantelope3306]

Seem obvious when you break them fown

[@user-rj1zw6hh6l]

Thanks mate

[@kirbt0352]

@@userh6699 it's in the description

[@mzdanziger]

One of the BEST videos I've ever watched on your channel. Extremely eye opening. Stuff that you feel and you know but you don't know how to prove or explain them

[@sgy77777]

I love videos like this one, it makes us think about trivial things with more insight than we usually do.

[@alisancakl7948]

4:03 - Definition of the expertise 5:00 - Repeated attemps with feedback 6:46 - Valid environment 11:21 - Timely feedback 13:50 - Don't get too comfortable

[@HandGrenadeDivision]

at which point is the definition of expert given?

[@0000song0000]

Nice. That explains why people get easily into the habit of videogaming, which has all of these. Ergo, we need more educational games! 🤗

[@halzion]

@@0000song0000 honestly never even realised that! no wonder games are so addictive. it's like doing a hobby but since it's been specifially designed to do each of these things (cus of how they work) it gives way more dopamine than a less consistent "regular" hobby!

[@idek50]

nice

[@hakim5939]

@@0000song0000 Also it's because of rewards, every time you get a kill/point/score you get dopamine.

[@justanotherhotguy]

The Four Things are: 4:55 1. Repeated attempts with feedback 6:48 2. Valid Environment 11:22 3. Timely Feedback 13:52 4. Don’t get too comfortable

[@HDTomo]

This be it. 2x speed viewer come in clutch 10 mins after uplaod

[@susbaca]

why

[@maruftim]

@@HDTomo i suppose they are an expert at this

[@HDTomo]

@@maruftim go at 2x the speed to learn 2x faster 😎😎😎

[@imveryangryitsnotbutter]

@@HDTomo Seems legit

[@rannyorton]

Success depends on the actions or steps you take to achieve it. Building wealth involves developing good habits like regularly putting money away in intervals for solid investments. Financial management is a crucial topic that most tend to shy away from, and ends up haunting them in the near future.., I pray that anyone who reads this will be successful in life!!

[@smithlenn]

Starting early is simply the best way of getting ahead to build wealth , investing remains a priority . I learnt from my last year's experience , I am able to build a suitable life beause I invested early ahead this time .

[@dawsondanny990]

The rich Invest in alternative income streams that are independent of the government should be the top priority for everyone right now. especially given the global economic crisis we are currently experiencing. Stocks, gold, silver, and virtual currencies are still attractive investments at the moment...

[@ivankagel9949]

I thought about investing in the real estate market, I heard that people make millions , but I lack good knowledge and a strategy to outperform the market and generate good yields. I have $460,000 but it's hard to bite the bullet and do it. Money is hard to come by

[@belljoe]

Having an investment advisor is the best way to go. Based on a direct encounter with a CFP named Kate Elizabeth Amdall, I can say with certainty that their skills are excellent. She helped raise over $580,000 in 18 months from an initially stagnant portfolio of $150,000

[@ivankagel9949]

INTERESTING!! can u share more details?

[@CSSLN]

The last part hit so hard for me, my grandpa is a very good musician, and he didn’t study music but his brother offered him a job as a pianist when he only knew the basics but he needed to provide for a family of 5 children so he took the job he played piano and organ every day for many for many hours, he told me that he didn’t like playing the piano but the few times I have heard him he plays extremely good and knows about a ton of stuff that not even my mother knew about, like when he was in my home studio he started patching my synth and started jamming and my mom was like you know how to used that? And he was like: yeah, and I hate it! I’m not sure what made him hate music that much he eventually bought a building and started renting apartments and sold all his instruments, but still getting out of his comfort zone made him a great musician

[@biggSHNDO]

I reckon if he had to do it to support his family, he felt he was being forced to do it for money and that sucked the joy out. Thanks for telling the story though I enjoyed it

[@CSSLN]

@@biggSHNDO yeah, I think that art might be fun only when you do it because you liked it in the first place, but well I don't judge him he'll have his reasons, however it would be cool that he liked to play piano, it could be a good hobby for him now that he doesn't have anything to do hehe, still glad you enjoy his story

[@AlanKey86]

This is a very timely video for the start of a new college term in September - I'll definitely be showing this to my new students!

[@vaisakhkm783]

and as a student... i learned a big lesson, as why i am not improving in the areas i already know somewhat ok, but improving in topics i don't know

[@RT-ol4hh]

College. Hah. You mean indoctrination centers. They used to be institutions of enlightenment. No longer. They’ve been usurped by left wing intolerant extremists.

[@giveussomevodka]

Equally timely for a midlife crisis programmer, stuck doing the same stuff for nearly a decade.

[@Toothless_dance]

Go for it

[@OfficiallySnek]

Please don't remind me that summer break is almost over

[@AWildRaito]

I like how people are saying how well the video was made or how great the video is when this was dropped LITERAL SECONDS AGO.

[@axbs4863]

LMAO IKR

[@MrUssy101]

Why does this guy thinks we need to be expert in everything you ain’t no better than me, I am happy being averrage !!!!

[@ooooof9517]

@@MrUssy101 maybe he just want to share things that he’s learned and thinks is valuable or important or maybe just interesting..

[@paulking5199]

Clearly people can watch stuff faster than me lol

[@IvanTube0]

its bots

[@lindholmlille]

After a horrendous 2022, shell-stunned financial backers have misfortunes to recover and a lot to consider, as an expansion report and a pile of different information did close to nothing to change assumptions that the Central bank would probably keep climbing interest rates regardless of whether the economy dials back, And that implies more red ink for portfolios for the principal quarter of year 2023. How might I benefit from the ongoing unstable market, I'm currently at a junction choosing if to exchange my $250k security/stock portfolio

[@leonarodwell]

Centre around two key targets. In the first place, remain safeguarded by realising when to offer stocks to cut misfortunes and catch benefits. Second, get ready to benefit when the market turns around. I suggest you look for the direction a representative or monetary consultant.

[@jirinamuzikova]

@@leonarodwell In-fact, ever since coronavirus I've been in regular conversation with financial examiners. Nowadays, buying moving stocks is quite easy; the trick is knowing when to buy and when to sell. The section and leave orders for my portfolio are made by my counsel. accumulated more than $550,000 from a $150,000 savings that was initially stale.

[@jetkastrokdova]

@@jirinamuzikova Thats true, I've been getting assisted by a FA for almost a year now, I started out with less than $200K and I'm just $19,000 short of half a million in profit.

[@Gracej34]

@@jetkastrokdova _Mind sharing info on the adviser who assisted you? been saving for pension since age 18 - company scheme. along the way I hit higher tax, so I added to my company pension with a SIPP (tax benefits) I'm 46 now and would love to grow my finance more aggressively, there are a few cars I still wish to drive, a few mega holidays, etc.

[@jetkastrokdova]

@@Gracej34 >The advisor that guides me is CHARLOTTE ANNE MCCONELL most likely the internet is where to find her basic info, just search her name. She's established

[@stayqurious]

What I learned through this video : 1. Valid Environment 2. Repetitive Action(with feedback) 3. Timely Feedback 4. Deliberate Practice But it also requires things most important of them all "Patience" and "Perseverance".

[@lawrencechan2693]

4:54 - many repeated attempts with feedback 6:46 - a valid (predictable) environment 11:20 - timely feedback 13:50 - don't get too comfortable

[@bossgd100]

thank you

[@LucasDimoveo]

thank you

[@MrSalamandave]

Thanks, I was taking notes, but somehow overlooked point 3. @ironmanmason do you have other ideas, or a video recommendation with better advice?

[@joelgeorge8192]

Isn't point 4 deliberate practice?

[@AVATARW0]

bless your soul

[@Jeyekomon]

"Don't get too comfortable." That was actually incredibly eye-opening for me. Thank you!

[@sebastianjost]

There are few things in life that are certain. Many things can change over time. So it is important to keep challenging what you think you know and check that it is still valid.

[@fuckdefucker]

You should check the "Yes Theory" channel where everything is about seeking discomfort :)

[@HersonJVillatoro]

Typing and sales are two places I relate to with the pattern recognition. When I first learned to type a certain way, I just kept my fingers on the same letters and would think my way through typing the next letter. I’ve noticed over the years that I’ve been typing this way that there’s many words that I type nearly instantaneously. 6 letter words that I type instantly, or 10 letter words that I type in two groups, the first 5, then the next 5 letters. Similar to sales, at first it was chaos for me interacting with many people of many ages and many cultures and many backgrounds, but all in the same industry. Over a number of cold calls I noticed categories of people, some people answer the phone really fast, some people answer the phone very monotone, some are very positive, some are very casual, some very professional. And I started to notice that if I respond to those categories in certain ways, it helps me get closer to converting the person into a client. I noticed categories of objections and categories of roles that influence the client. I don’t think of it so much as becoming an expert as sales, I think of it more as I’m playing a puzzle game book when I’m making sales calls. Every person is like a sudoku puzzle that I’m trying to fill up, the more puzzles I do (people I talk to), the more patterns I notice and the better I become at noticing those patterns and closing those patterns when I encounter them

[@user-ie9fy3fz7o]

I rarely comment on KZbin videos, but this might just be one of the best I've ever seen. I would say that it affirms your status as an expert communicator. So well done, thank you for sharing your insight

[@MatheusLB2009]

13:25 "I was rejected twice, so it's conforting to know they aren't great predictors of future success" *low-key flexing chad*

[@Eleven2410]

It would be interesting to have a deep dive video on deliberate practice - what constitutes it, how to engage in it proactively, etc.

[@lucapontiggia3123]

There is a ted talk on this - search the first 20 hours ted talk. Enjoy :)

[@JohnSmith-dr5zn]

commenting on this so it's higher in the comments and derek sees it

[@3DPrinterAcademy]

I second this!

[@vectoralphaAI]

would love a video about that too.

[@SuperBrassBender]

great idea

[@dhruvyadav1737]

this was pretty nice :))) its like we have certain perceptions about certain things and in my case I feel like I know how this will work but watching these videos always opens up a new way of thinking

[@dancu9271]

A lot of thanks for making and sharing your video!!

[@amanthikaanbalagan8844]

1.Repeated attempts with feedback - "4:47" 2.Valid Environment - "6:57" 3.Timely feedback - "11:21" 4.Don't get too comfortable - "13:53" Along with the 10,000 hours 😄

[@mannnygz]

the 10000 isn't necessary, i think thats just the amount of time it seems to take most people to gain a solid understanding of those 4 principles within their field, whether they realize it or not.

[@electrofx657]

@@mannnygz exactly if these people who succeeds in these 4 things with less time than 10,000 they are called a prodigy or genius

[@kshitizsrivastava9429]

Thanks man 4th point is very important because whenever I do maths Problem I only do same or simple problems which makes it harder to solve difficult questions. Let's see how much can I improve by doing these steps 😁😁😁

[@hassanh7926]

@@electrofx657 It might be better to acknowledge that genius is not simply "one who succeeds in attaining these 4 rules early or in less time". There is much more to being a prodigy or genius (whatever we people mean by these terms). For example, apart from these, a person considered among the best in his field has great attitude, passion, creativity, wonder and, arguably the most important of all, persistence.

[@electrofx657]

@@hassanh7926 hmm

[@dominicveconi4301]

Mathematician here. I did a lot of teaching when I was in grad school, and this video really hits all the nails on all the heads. Only in my last year did I figure out a concrete mantra to tell my students, encouraging them to not get discouraged by challenging problems because you only improve a skill by pushing yourself beyond what's comfortable. (The words I used were "engaging with uncertainty" rather than "deliberate practice", but they amounted to the same thing.)

[@johnno4127]

I taught a little math myself and had started to realize "there is no learning without failure" but I didn't get to implement that as a positive strategy before I left the profession.

[@trumanhw]

@@johnno4127 Nor adequate short term memory adequate for the task ... and, the desire for them to actually understand (if it was to be useful / deep knowledge).

[@kongolandwalker]

Also "We learn from mistakes" is a helpful phrase. If we never make mistakes - we learned the theme, and to become better we have to solve problems which are "on the edge" of our knowledge, where we can still make mistakes.

[@jeannewillemse6433]

I have so much respect for teachers who legitimately care about the success of their students as that's rare nowadays I find. I had a lady math teacher who was always running around with sweat on her brow preparing practice papers for us before exams and stuff. My grades went from 60% range to 80% range under her and even got 93 for one of the big exams which was higher than the "nerd" of the class who was going for a scholarship.

[@jackhartmann1084]

Studied physics in college. Those professors that emphasize difficulty (or simply make it hard) Iearn the most from. In classical mechanics I got 35% on my second quiz and 100% on my third. Getting spanked (metaphorically) sure helped me learn.

[@erich930]

Super insightful, thanks! As a low-time pilot working toward the airlines, I can see all of these concepts in my training so far. We repeat the same exercises often with immediate feedback, in a valid environment, and we keep pushing ourselves out of our comfort zone (without actually risking an accident).

[@sooyster4033]

I hope to join you soon

[@Gladys_smith]

I now grasp the concept of leverage. Creating wealth and financial freedom isn't as tough as many people believe. Building wealth and remaining financially stable indefinitely is a lot easier with the appropriate information. Participating in financial programs and products is the only true approach to make a high income and remain affluent indefinitely.

[@angelicstennett]

Most people simply enter the foreign exchange market without comprehending matters like this. The first stage in building money is determining your goals and risk tolerance, which you may do on your own or with the assistance of a financial counselor who works with a verified Finance agency. And also you can learn the facts about saving and investing and create a clear plan, you should be able to acquire financial security over time and enjoy the benefits of income management.

[@luis-gabriel1]

That is why I work with John Desmond Heppolette, who introduced me to a better financial community, a valid organization where I learned how investing works and how to invest proficiently, as well as free books, courses, and daily lectures. You also get to meet new people, which was the best decision I ever made..

[@-Pamela]

That's great, your financial advisor must be really good, I have seen testimonies of people using the help of financial advisors in making them more financially stable. I just discovered his exceptional resume when I made a Googled search of his names online. I consider it a blessing that I discover this comment area!

[@Hoffmanluiz.]

It amazes me greatly how I go from living an average lifestyle to making over £63k monthly, utter shock is the word. I've learned a lot in the past few years to doubt that there are plenty of opportunities abound in the financial markets; the only thing is know where to focus.. Thanks to John Desmond Heppolette.

[@williamculligan]

John Desmond Heppolette, really seem to know this stuff. I found his web-page when I made a google search of his full names, read through his resume, educational background, qualifications and it was really impressive. I left him a note and booked a call session with him..

[@SkullCollectorD5]

This was incredibly timely and it expounded on a principle I learned only recently. When you practise something and get frustrated, as we all do, that is **not** the time to pause. That chord you can't quite play, the card trick you can't quite nail - keep at it for five more minutes and tell yourself this deliberately. I think this is also what the fourth point in the video is about, because in those 'five more minutes', you are at the bleeding edge of your skill and that is precisely when you grow.

[@tinchozz4750]

this would make sense if you wanted to stop because you were tired or your hands hurt, but doing something frustrated leads us to be stubborn and use patterns we already know, so you don't really learn. it has happened a lot to me, you try to do something and get frustrated bc you can't do it, just to do it super easily the next day while having fresh mind

[@SkullCollectorD5]

@@tinchozz4750 I believe the key word is 'deliberate'. When you get frustrated, recognise it. To recognise a feeling is to disrupt its dysfunctional effects on cognition enough to deal with it deliberately. This is an aspect from the ABC model of cognitive behavioural therapy. There is no feeling without a preceding thought. If I'm transferring what I've learned from this video, the above and the principle I mentioned correctly, it may be that the feeling of frustration is the result of resistance before new neural connections form. I've personally had great success with the method, as long as I don't overdo those five minutes into more and more attempts. ETA: "I'm getting frustrated. I realise this is because I'm at the edge of my skill. I will take a breath and continue for five minutes to hone that edge." - could be a chain of thoughts I may have in the process. The exact words are different for everybody, the key is to think and not just feel.

[@pugdad2555]

​@@SkullCollectorD5 It is all relative tho. Just like you stated "You stop and take a breath" but how long is that breath and how much do you breath? You can say that you stopping to take a breath for 1 min and then going back is relative to someone taking a breath for the rest of the day and then getting back at it the next day. It is all relative and once we box ourselves in by saying "this is the only way" then we have a problem.

[@3nertia]

@@SkullCollectorD5 It's also a good time to reassess technique as you're not *abandoning* the practice but you get a chance to slow down and think more clearly - I've had good experiences using the technique you mentioned in conjunction with my own!

[@battles151]

As with everything in life, mind, body, and soul. Flashcards, weights, and prayer

[@mage3690]

"Don't get comfortable" is a lesson I'd like to drive home by this statistic: some 70-90% of accidental finger amputations happen at 2 ages, 16 and 60. All the time in between those ages is marked by remarkably safe individuals who go their entire career without a single incident. Before and after those ages is when nearly every finger is removed via _any_ means. Below 16, the reasons are typically doors, mowers, and knives. After 60, the reasons are power tools, typically the sort of hand tool an individual would've used for his entire career, probably without incident. Personally, my finger was removed at 16, following an exceptionally poor night of sleep, followed by a very late arrival at work, where I needed to do about 2 days' worth of catch up work, with a poorly maintained chopsaw (miter saw), in an environment with a poor (but improving) attitude towards safety. That chopsaw removed my finger about 2 hours after starting work, and I became part of that aforementioned statistic.

[@DROGOC0P]

very interesting statistic. thanks for sharing your story

[@cynthiabauer5763]

thanks for sharing your story. Sorry you lost your finger, I hope one day Jesus resurrects you with a brand new finger again!

[@Michael-mn4ef]

I'll sure as hell bet the attitude towards safety was improving after that lmao

[@mage3690]

@@Michael-mn4ef yeah, even if it did take a while. I was actually fired from a later job for my laissez-faire attitude towards safety, but I'm much better about it now, thank goodness.

[@ShalomSimplified]

Fascinating statistic. My uncle was an outlier. He is a carpenter by trade, but was careless with one of his saws. (A table saw, I think?) It was so fast, he didn't even feel his finger come off at first. I'm not sure how old he was, but he was well under 60, probably in his 20s or 30s.

[@Ashvitar]

How excellent is that content, precise, concise and fun to watch. Great job and thank you !

[@formercuckolder]

This is one of the most useful videos I've watched so far. Thank you so much. Let's keep becoming experts at something. 💪🧠

[@faus585]

FOUR THINGS YOU NEED TO BECOME AN EXPERT 1. valid environment (structured, patterned) 2. many repetitions (not once-in-a-lifetime thing) 3. timely feedback (feedback as soon as you perform an action) 4. deliberate practice (practice outside of your comfort zone, at the edge of our ability, the zone of proximal learning)

[@har1b]

Valid environment Many repitation Timely feedback Deliberate practice

[@randomuser5237]

Writing out in bullet points and memorizing it will not make you an expert any more than watching the video. Unless you do these yourself there's no point.

[@marcolerena456]

Valid environment Many repetition Timely feedback Deliberate practice

[@Mephistofred]

Valid Feedback Many Environment Timely Practice Deliberate Repetition

[@uhhwhateverdude9463]

@Repent and believe in Jesus Christ Your comment is irrelevant to the video. Move along bot spammer!

[@fundemort]

1. Valid Environment 2. Many Repetitions 3. Timely Feedback 4. Deliberate Practice

[@majermike]

so true! loved this video

[@robysings]

Thanks saved me watching the vid

[@gnarly3000]

@@robysings Thank you.

[@gtbaba123]

Ty

[@deepseadarew6012]

Timestamps would help here =]

[@gus42]

100% motivating, inspirationnal and most of all these are ways to think that we don''t usually hear about. Don't know if I was clear but thx !

[@tarnationzang7489]

This explains alot in an elegant way. I've always noticed there can often be huge differences between 'experts' and some of that feels like its explained by this. Some correctly get all 4 factors and become true experts, some get the qualification without getting through all four elements and becomes an 'expert'.

[@qwerty_and_azerty]

As a graduate student, this hits home pretty hard. We spend countless hours on a project, only to get feedback once when a final paper is submitted for peer review. The feedback is neither timely nor frequent. And yet, you get to claim to be an expert in your field by the time your graduate.

[@user-yy3ki9rl6i]

this is why most companies steers away from degree based hiring. they know that a degree won't prove that you smart. project and experience based hiring is getting more and more common because you can assess the skill level and the ability to learn based on the project complexity, error/mistake rates and time spent working. Don't be discouraged my friend, its simply how the system works - its not perfect, so you shouldn't base your entire value on it. Good luck on your journey!

[@randomuser5237]

@@user-yy3ki9rl6i I think the video made it pretty clear that most hiring "experts" in companies are anything but "experts", so that makes your point moot. And many companies still very much rely on degrees at least to screen out the number of possible candidates.

[@fraktaalimuoto]

But you can get active feedback from your collaborators and supervisor? As a PhD student and beyond I have always tried to ask feedback from my collaborators and peers who I can trust. No need to wait for a referee to respond.

[@cecesoclean4591]

lmao what are you talking about “companies steering away from degree based hiring”?? nah man they really aren’t

[@EarthWingedDragon]

@@randomuser5237 Well, considering The United States of America is full of fake university offering fake degree, I don't think it applies there.

[@eugenealive]

When I was a teenager I trained myself to pronounce words in reverse. Absolutely useless skill but it was fun. I could reverse any word of any length just instantaneously. I didn't have to process it letter by letter, I just knew the result instantly, it was just popping out in my mind. But if you asked me to reverse a random set of letters instead of valid word I would fail. It worked only for real words.

[@stephen3164]

I trained myself as a kid to read text upside down (simply turning the page around). I was able to read with the same speed, aloud or not, no matter which way the text was facing. I wish I could say I’ve found a use for this skill, but perhaps I use it all the time without realizing. (I haven’t actively done this in a while.) Closer in relation to your reverse reading skill, learned word by word, I type on a keyboard primarily with 3 fingers on each hand. Each word is a different pattern, and I can type quite fast, especially with words I type frequently, even if they are long words. On the flip* side, if I have to type a word that I easily know how to spell but rarely type, or a word that I’ve never typed, my typing speed drops a lot. I once typed a science paper that my wife had hand written. I didn’t know many of the words, and though I didn’t really need to look at the keyboard, my typing speed on these words was downright lethargic.

[@Yiran]

how about the word "instantaneously"?

[@eugeniabarsukova]

I did the same thing, but I realised I reversed the pronunciation and not the spelling, so, say, "Pete" would be "teep" rather than "etep".

[@trollar8810]

@@Yiran Instant takes me no time at all, but then the aneously takes quite a bit "Instantaneously" takes me about 2 seconds and a half to type, while i usually do so at ~90wpm

[@DanielXavierDosReis]

You still do it ? Can you record a video about it ?

[@ginodecanha968]

I love this channel!!! Always super insightful and interesting, thank you!

[@Chiater]

Very helpful. I find outside feedback is very important. Playing a game and winning or losing is feedback, sure, but it can be a very slow process to actually learn what you're doing wrong. For instance, I was playing an online FPS with some friends over the pandemic and I definitely improved but even when I was playing every day I never got great at the game... only passable. It's frustrating to not know what you need to do to improve

[@dainbramage9508]

Something else that goes along with the route to becoming an expert are the 4 stages of learning. 1. Unconscious Incompetence, you're bad but aren't aware of exactly how bad you are because you know very little of the skill or subject you're practicing. 2. Conscious Incompetence, you have a better grasp on the subject knowledge and its depths after putting in a good amount of time and practice but you're not quite good at it yet. 3. Conscious Competence, you've put in enough time and effort with enough feedback that you're now good at what you're doing but it's a conscious effort and you'll screw up if you aren't concentrating enough. 4. Unconscious Competence, you've practiced long enough and put in so much time and effort that you can perform the skill or talk about the subject as easy as walking, you may dip into Conscious Competence if you encounter an infrequent occurrence in your skill or subject but you've got what it takes to get through it 👍

[@d1ab]

never thought a combination of two words could convey such an important concept, thanks!

[@NishantSharma-tr6xl]

No.3 is what currently i am experiencing in day trading

[@kb.e3762]

Unconscious Competence can be a weakness too unless you are working in a factory line

[@Shankar-Bhaskar]

@@NishantSharma-tr6xl Yeah right!!

[@Carolynnhardwicke]

@@kb.e3762 it makes for a lousy teacher. I try to identify areas in which I am unconsciously competent so I can break down my understanding

[@kangzhu1640]

Great content and thought provoking. I'm a radiologist with almost 20 years of experience in breast imaging. I'd like to indicate that our task in breast cancer diagnosis is not to actually determine if a finding is malignant or not. Rather, to look for features that are concerning for cancer, In which case we would do a biopsy. As we try to err on the side of caution, the usaual statistic quoted is that 70% of the biopsies are actually cancers. Therefore, this apparent "low" rate of accuracy is not a reflection of poor performance, nor is it related to a lack of feedback. In actuality each case we biopsy is followed by an accurate pathology report within days. Radiologists are involved in multidisciplenary rounds with our clinical colleagues and we also have internal quality assurance measures to ensure a high level of competence.

[@NicolaiCzempin]

My guess is that the original findings about performance of recent graduates vs long-time practitioners were over-simplified, much like the "10,000 hours rule" was.

[@chinemeremohaeri9100]

Tom Nicholas actually got on Veritasium back for misinformation used only to further his narrative. I was expecting something like this, so I'm not really shocked.

[@JK7H]

He wasn't referring to poor performance or lack of feedback, but how fast the feedback is received.

[@BluefanNL]

So you're saying that where a computer would generate accurate result but have false positives and false negatives you err on the side of caution which results in more false positives but less false negatives as false positives are much less impactful? (superfluous biopsy vs missed cancer). Would interesting to have radiologist give their best estimate without being on the cautios side, but I don't know if the study tried this or even if that would work.

[@coin5207]

@@NicolaiCzempin but it makes sense in the context he provided which was diagnosing rare illnesses. For young graduates the many edge cases they learned in university are still relatively fresh in their minds

[@madkate42]

This is such a great and inspiring video! THank you so much for posting it

[@jmsjms296]

Seen it a while back: still great! Thanks.

[@Darches]

I've seen this in competitive games too. If player 1 plays for 100 hours and player 2 plays for 50 hours then watches replays of all his games to find mistakes, player 2 will be stronger. Deliberate practice is often the missing piece. It's the difference between playing for fun and playing to win.

[@generalharness8266]

I personally find if I am not winning its not fun but at the same if its to easy and there is no challenge its also not fun.

[@clairruckman7674]

First, person uses brute forced trial and error as the later uses a more intelligent learning approach, but imo they'll end up in the same place. I'm top 1% Mass Effect 3, Dead by Daylight Iridescent 2, and back when I was young people would stop when I was at the arcade to watch me play, which I hated! Marvel Vs Capcom one quarter finish the entire game type good. Mortal Kombat not as good with as Marvel vs Capcom, but still could easily beat the game and nearly every person I'd ever played against. Only person who occasionally gave me a run for my money my cousin. All other family members and friends refused to play me:/ Now I'm old and wrists prevent me from being any good:/ My son in his prime gaming and even I've knock him and his friends socks off still to this day. Hard carry them even in games I don't even play. For Honor when it came out my son watched my very first time. He gave me a very quick how to. Perfect round, because frankly most video games all play pretty much the same. I.E. Go from COD to Battlefield to Overwatch and you should at least be mid leader board first few rounds.

[@josephguzman4737]

Just like being a musician or a weekend warrior

[@UmCaraNormalnumPlanetanormal]

I feel like taking a step back and really taking a look at what you're doing is a very understated yet extremely important part of improving Its so easy to get into the mindset of "Oh if i just do it more ill get better" but it doesnt always work like that, sometimes taking a step back and seeing exactly where it is that you're making mistakes can speed up the improvement process by leaps and bounds

[@BigBootyBatman]

@@clairruckman7674 ah yes, another specimen of the "God Gamer" breed. We get rarer and rarer these days...

[@maxleveladventures]

#4: Don't be comfortable. This instantly reminded me of H Day in Sweden, the day when everyone switched driving from the left to the right side of the roadways. Many people were certain that it would cause untold deaths and many more accidents. In fact, for many years afterward, accident rates plummeted. The assumption is that people were suddenly paying much closer attention to how they drive. Having driven on the opposite side of the road in another country, I'm sure that it also made driving fairly stressful, but that seems like a fair price to pay for fewer injuries and deaths caused by lazy, comfortable driving habits. #4 is a great, general lesson. The whole event is rather fascinating. If you're curious to learn more about it, there's a great, short episode by the podcast "99% Invisible" that's worth checking out. It's episode 215, titled "H-Day."

[@theicethief4804]

Don't be too comfortable. It is important that you sacrifice some of your comfortably to advance in New subjects or the tasks you are doing, if you are always uncomfortable with what you are doing you are either going to leave the hobby or find it too hard to continue. It is wise if you make yourself comfortable after working hard but never get too lazy

[@howiestillgamez5326]

they should switch sides of the road once a year!

[@JoaoPedroPT696]

One Englishman once said when he was the driving in my country (which is right-hand traffic) that the more complicated stuff were the roundabouts, but that you "just go with the flow". I remember that story in Sweden.

[@0topon]

Only for the next 2 years was the accident rate below the levels before the change

[@hydra5758]

@@howiestillgamez5326 No no no, it has to be once every 10 years so everyone stays on their toes and keep having to relearn both.

[@zaid2095]

This is phenomenal. What you've said in this article, could be enough and quality material for a nature reviews paper. Excellent!

[@hammadsiddiqui2980]

This is such an informative and acknowledgeable channel.

[@jessicatatum7769]

100% this is how I was trained to be a ballet dancer and I didn't even recognize it. We do the same movements in slightly varying patterns every single day in a structured class, and for actual repertoire we repeat the EXACT same movements over and over, with a teacher or coach telling you what to improve after each attempt. As you get stronger, you do more and more challenging combinations of movement with increased complexity and strength requirements, and you spend more time reviewing and conditioning on your own time. Eventually you get really good at learning and doing choreography in certain styles/from certain choreographers because you start to recognize the patterns of movement they tend to employ.

[@entelektuel.yolculuk]

@xio kousa are ye a ballet teacher? If so, can I ask ye sth: are the moves and choreographies of men and women the same in ballet? We do have playlists of dance lessons in the channel of Maria Khreva and North Pacific Ballet channel, but I dunno if I should learn and apply those as a male? Because what I see is there are women learning there.... Thanx .... Best.. .

[@thenamelessdragonfish]

Same for learning piano.

[@little1133]

@@entelektuel.yolculuk I would say if you’re trying to learn ballet, get lessons at a studio.

[@little1133]

@@entelektuel.yolculuk take that with a grain of salt though, because I’m far from a teacher, it’s only my second year on pointe.

[@whatabouttheearth]

Same with guitar, you start with basic chords and scales and than over time overlap them with slightly more complicated things. Think about how all the universe began with Hydrogen, and that formed Helium and on and on to more extreme complexity (sort of). Or how we learned a language when we were infants, one of the most complex things alot of people ever learn and they learned it as an infant. The entire complexity of the universe is small basic things stack upon other small basic things to gain what in evolutionary biology is called 'emergent properties', new functions that can only be gained through the development of a system of multiple individual components that were not capable of those functions with the individual components alone.

[@Krimo42]

I find it fascinating how everything in this video is very closely connected to how reinforcement learning and machine learning algorithms work. A model of the environment within which an agent can perform actions, learning the optimal policy with value/policy iteration, an immediate reward after taking an action, and exploration vs exploitation. Amazing!

[@ampac]

The strategies used in RL and other ML approaches are mostly derived from mathematical frameworks, such as stochastic control methods, which are designed to tackle optimisation problems. These frameworks have been around at least since the 1950s. The studies from cognitive psychology we have today on how our brain tackles similar problems are not as revolutionary as they sound despite all the fancy new terminology.

[@masonp5]

@@ampac Check out neuromorphic computing, it uses ideas verrrry similar to the ones in this video

[@YSFmemories]

AI neural networks are literally modelled after human ones, no? Shouldn't be surprising

[@kyleharwell5299]

That is a great observation, and not an accident! One of Ericsson's mentors was Herbert Simon, one of the earliest scientists to seriously study artificial intelligence. It was their work on decision making, and later expert memory, that inspired the deliberate practice and expert performance research.

[@cagedgandalf3472]

I mean that *is* the goal of RL, mimicking human learning.

[@benjaminp.vallieres4281]

I am not lying when I say this might be my favorite video on KZbin. Please keep this channel alive.

[@DrTrefor]

As a mathematician, these four factors definitely resonated with me and I think math is field that really encourages that deliberate practice. Great video!

[@12345swordmaster]

I'm a University undergrad in STEM, math is definitely a deliberate practice to learn it well, I found out the hard way that just memorizing patterns and formulas wasn't good enough. I always wondered how TA and professors got so good at math they were able to teach others, some of the TA tutors (Grad students that tutor undergrads) actually forgot some of the formulas for calculus (there are so many lol) but as soon as we would refresh them on the formula they were able to instantly crack on, and finished the examples effortlessly. Memorization of formulas is only a very small percentage of high performance in mathematics, its all about repetition, and putting yourself against hard problems that take an uncomfortable amount of thinking and time to solve.

[@minemasterSAM]

Math is my favorite subject (along with physics). If you one day revisit this comment, would you share with us what it’s like to work in your field and some tips on getting there?

[@itzakehrenberg3449]

Dr. B, As a fellow mathematician I have to say that I love your channel!

[@ananthd4797]

@@12345swordmaster It's actually kind of like chess. Imagine old math problems to be previous chess games. Everyone knows the rules, but experienced players can see a lot more patterns and tendencies when they encounter a problem.

[@12345swordmaster]

@@ananthd4797 yes but you have to practice

[@timb7342]

"People we think of as experts, but actually aren't." This is such a big piece of the puzzle that is the modern world. Thank you!

[@AkamiChannel]

Amen!

[@ooc6921]

Like who

[@Deuk]

@@ooc6921 journalist, columnists, dietary guru's etc.

[@bobbyd9319]

Look at the so called experts during covid, either lied to us, or didn’t know their head from a hole in the ground.

[@philippe-lebel]

@@Deuk If their aim is to earn money and have social status without kwoning so much they are expert ;)

[@hamburgvoices]

Very good video. I can relate alot to what was said and use it in my rehearsal work. Thanks

[@yilmaz19]

For people interested in this phenomenon, there is a book titled "Thinking Fast and Slow" which elaborates on the 2 mentioned systems in your brain. It is a very informative and deep diving book on the mechanics of these 2 systems and their cooperation with eachother.

[@kindredtoast3439]

That was one of the best intros I've ever seen in a video. It took 5 minutes to get to the point of the video, but the 5 minutes were so interesting that I didn't even realize they'd passed at all. And they set the rest of the video up so well. Excellent job.

[@Robert-iu2ou]

This comment resonated when i realized i was already 12 minutes into the video

[@llamagaming8998]

This is one of the best techniques to make an infotainmwnt video, I call it the johnny harris technique. Where u start with examples, examples examples n the the explanation...Instead of doing the opposite which is the norm

[@BB-zq6hy]

Yeah veratasium is an expert at creating entertaining information... by using the very things discussed in this video most likely! Haha! His short part about youtube's feedback has probably helped him realize the patterns of a video people stay engaged with

[@GamesForNoobs]

Most of his vids are like that

[@RealCheesyBread]

In my freshman year of highschool, my math teacher gave us a challenge where the student who could remember the most digits of PI on PI-day (March 14th) would get a few points added to their lowest test score. This gave us like 4 days or something to try to remember. I won with 100 digits. Nobody else really cared that much so the most anyone else got was like 10 digits. Yes I am as much of a loser now as I was back then.

[@SergioCruz7811]

not a loser

[@dewiz9596]

Pi day only occurs in the US

[@gslidevideotester8592]

>I won with 100 digits. Nobody else really cared that much so the most anyone else got was like 10 digits. >Yes I am as much of a loser now as I was back then. so you are an overwhelming winner now then?

[@alansteyrbach6926]

@@gslidevideotester8592 saying that he is loser, he points out his desperation in a typically occuring pathetic situation. He was so desperate to get at least some points that he put overwhelming amount of effort to get insignificant improvement. It is like selling a car for $20, bc he missed a chance to sell it for $20k, and now he tries to get at least something but zero.

[@baruk9706]

As long as you’re having fun and happy

[@Patrick-qk2tl]

The most important video of this channel so far and one of the most important videos on YT for sure! Thank you!

[@josegumban]

i love this because its a broad skill it is adaptive i love videos like these we often make videos where we overlook concepts too much we forget main components just learning a new broad concept its very fun thinking of how much we have to learn sometimes we are just lost too deep in what we do its like looking down a sky scraper knowing how much we have

[@stephen3164]

The “25 years playing guitar” comment rings true for me. I’ve been playing for 35 years, but I really only actively learned and practiced for the first 5-6 years. Joining a band and learning 30 new songs would give me a boost every so often, but mainly my guitar skills are at a certain level bc I stopped actively learning how to play new stuff, and instead play songs I’ve been playing for years. I have no desire to get any better and find enjoyment out of how I currently play.

[@schneider1896]

Guitar can easily be seen as the most competitive object in the world. It's very popular, hard to see more popular. It's sooooo hard to "master"

[@trybunt]

@@schneider1896 guitar the most competitive object? I find that hard to believe, I can think of so many equally or more competitive- the sword has been around for thousands of years, people mastering it in life and death situations. The spear or bow/arrow have been around even more, people eating or starving based on accuracy. Cars, pens, balls.. I don't think the guitar is the most competitive object

[@andretsang7337]

I think this is underrated. Becoming a professional is overrated, and just having a good time is also very valid. Not everyone has to be world-class. Just jamming out is a success in and of itself

[@EmpressMermaid]

@@andretsang7337 You're right, sometimes becoming an expert on something can very quickly sap the joy out of it. I play guitar, too. Have been at it 3 years and I'm absolutely horrible. But that's ok because I love playing.

[@drdelewded]

Been playing guitar since 1987.. I still suck and have been in 5 performing bands hahaha Once I learned barre chords 30+ years ago I could make songs and stopped "learning" anything else And honestly I dont care to.

[@CutiePi]

After having read Moonwalking with Einstein, Fooled by Randomness, Sapiens and Thinking fast and slow. This really felt like a condensed version of parts of each book combined. Very good video, cheers !

[@LukePuplett]

Allow me to add Grit by Angela Duckworth. The book focuses on the Deliberate Practice aspect. My criticism of books and videos on success or productivity, as well as schools in general, is that they fail to discuss the relationship between acquiring expertise and making money. The system we live under was designed to reward the people who control the means of production. You can become an expert, but if someone else employs you, it's unlikely you'll ever earn a great deal and you may feel after 10,000 hours of toil that you've been sold a lie. The are exceptions of course, but in general, experts are paid their average market rate which is usually a fraction of what shareholders make. This explains why wealthy business owners are so often non-experts. I don't mean Elon Musk, but the many millionaires that run small businesses around the world. Often they understood the game when young, perhaps because a family member was a capitalist, and they realised that they can skip school and just buy-in and coordinate hard working experts. In my personal life, the smartest and deepest thinking people I know are far from the wealthiest. Sometimes it feels like an inverse correlation. My wealthiest friends aren't particularly bright and don't read, but they do all run businesses where they hire smart people to do the actual work, or use leverage to buy property and rent seek. If they have become experts, then their skills are working the system to their advantage and convincing people they have the expertise that actually their employees have. This may seem cynical, but it is my lived experience and my observation, and these friends are open and proud about their money making skills. To be financially successful, being an expert is not enough. You must also have something to trade, own the means of production, and decide your own wages, which may include owning the means of producing KZbin content. In other words, you must become an expert in making and keeping money.

[@XPPrivate]

@@LukePuplett To become an expert in anything you have to focus on a skill. As you become better at something the niche that can appreciate your skill becomes smaller and smaller. Therefore your reach will become smaller and smaller the better you get and that is normal. I don't see that as a problem at all, because money should be directly correlated to RISK. An expert making an mistake will only affect an small number of people. A business owner making a mistake will impact maybe millions of people. Its because the difference in risk that there is a difference in compensation.

[@LukePuplett]

​@@XPPrivate There are a faults in this analysis. - As you become better at something, your reach may become very broad. For example, you may become a leader in coronavirus research. - A coronavirus expert making a mistake could cause a pandemic. - How much do firefighters, miners, or Bangladeshi's dismantling ships, make? - How much does Derek make from KZbin and what's the impact when he messes up? - What if author JK Rowling's next book is bad? - If you rank the world's wealthiest people by net worth and then by risk/impact of their actions, does the order change much? - If you have an idea and start a business and get investors, you can pay yourself a salary and hire experts. This is common with non-technical tech company start-ups. If it fails, you have two options a) try again, in which case you're more investable because you have experience of what not to do b) get a well paid job. There's no risk here. But consider that the average business is small and in your local town. The owner's mistake might temporarily impact a dozen employees and several hundred customers, and yet they will drive the Bentley, own a couple of Patek Phillip watches and live in a big house, because they realised what I described above and went about making it happen. The risk argument simply doesn't stand up to scrutiny. Neither being an expert nor risk accounts for wealth. Owning the means of production, whether you have a team of people making desks, or fixing people's teeth, or own your own written words (even if you got an expert ghost writer to write them), is the key. Here's a final one: look up how much song writers get paid, vs. the people that sing them, and the shareholders of the record company. What's the pattern? The shareholders get most of the money, the expert songwriter gets $52,000 a year, on average, across all the songs they write. Teaching kids how to become an expert without teaching them who actually earns the lion's share of the money their expertise generates under our capitalist system, is a disservice. Some people discover this at work. They look around, they see how the business operates, they think, why am I earning x when I could run a business like this and pay myself y. And they start their own thing. They realise the game, and they realise it has nothing to do with expertise.

[@cautarepvp2079]

@@LukePuplett damn such a good comment. But its not that simple, it takes soo much time to be great at something

[@LukePuplett]

@@cautarepvp2079 It does take time, but it's time that must be lived anyway. My point isn't that one should not become great at something, but that one should enter into the journey understanding the system and whether other people will be the main beneficiaries of your sacrifice.

[@EyaBenFredj]

My fav youtube channel everrr as an engineering student!! keep up the great work.

[@dlam626]

Thanks for the insight. It is really helpful!

[@mayatrash]

As a trained physicist this was really interesting. I have not the best memory recall, some guys know the answer to a problem they did years ago, but I always have a „gut feeling“ how the equations will emerge and I can see a strong pattern in equations, even looking at it for a small amount of time is often enough to restructure the stuff in my head - even when not perfect, it’s a good cope for a usually bad memory recall

[@kareandersson]

He forgot the most important factor - genetics.

[@UncleKennysPlace]

@@kareandersson Not the most important, in my view.

[@rigira]

@@kareandersson in terms of improving, u shouldn't even focus on that because u can't change it lol

[@nihinkcmxhfwnhi]

I'm just going to hit a like for that username lmao

[@riskyraccoon]

at first I read, "As a tamed physicist this was really interesting" and now I'm worried that no physicist will ever be tamed

[@anindyasundarmanna6683]

"We see patterns if everywhere, including where there is no pattern" - sounds a lot like the overfitting problem of a neural network! Great video as always Derek!

[@Nevir202]

Ya, exactly. Human brains are made to recognize patters and difference, so we'll see both, even where they don't exist.

[@charlietian4023]

Good connection

[@ania5038]

"There are no regularities to be learned" is such a nice phrase lol

[@reverse_engineered]

It's not overfitting if you consider the loss function. If we see something moving in the shadows and we aren't sure if it's a threat or not, should we give each equal weight? No, because the risks are different. If we think it's dangerous and react as such when it isn't, our risk is little more than embarrassment, having to take an alternate path, or possibly missing out on an opportunity. But if it is dangerous and we react as if it's not, then we could face incredible losses including death. This may not be as relevant in our modern world, but evolving in the wild where predators and competitors are numerous, it is favorable to err on the side of caution because the cost of a false negative is much worse than the cost of a false positive. The same is true in policing, medical testing, inspecting bridges, and many other areas. When the cost of a false negative is very large, and when the cost of a false positive is relatively small, you lean towards more false positives and fewer false negatives.

[@anindyasundarmanna6683]

​@@reverse_engineered While what you are saying makes perfect sense, there is a fundamental flaw to your assumption. The whole premise here is, (read again) - finding pattern where there is NO pattern. Not that there can be a pattern. Which is exactly what overfitting is. And that was merely the point of the comment. Your argument, while perfectly logical otherwise, misses the point.

[@mishaanwar180]

That's a amazing content you have shared. I m glad that I came across your video.

[@kaijiechow275]

Can I just say that I'm such a huge fan of your videos, have learned so much from them :) Keep them up 🔥🔥🔥

[@easytos]

This is why learning a new language is easier when you have someone to converse with. You get that feedback, unlike trying to learn via a book, audio/video programs or even with a language learning software (which gives some level of feedback, but it's pretty limiting.)

[@athenalong]

THISSSSSSS!!

[@gutoguto0873]

Agreed.

[@zyoface]

To steal from my high school teacher, "practice does not make perfect. Perfect practice makes perfect." This also seems to be an apt checklist for composing a well performing machine learning agent (or at least are 4 very relevant circumstances to consider). Interesting as always, thank you!

[@haroldmesina5623]

"Vince Lombardi"

[@mcmerry2846]

Yeah, imagine making 1000 repetitions and make them all bad.

[@zyoface]

@esrever gnireenigne Have you never slowed an activity down, or broken it up into smaller pieces to ensure you're getting it right? I think there are many ways to practice perfectly without being able to perform perfectly. I also think that performing perfectly once is no reason to expect the same will be achieved the next time. For me the quote succinctly captures a lot of the insight Derrick shared in this video, suggesting you can't simply participate for a set time and expect excellence.

[@diesertyp7822]

What you are describing is much more akin to deliberate practice than perfect practice.

[@James-Calvin]

This is a great video! Thank you for making it. It's interesting to see what it takes to become an expert.

[@shreehariprasad6432]

This video is thousand times more helpful than a thousand self-help motivational videos here on KZbin,,, thanks 🙏

[@AleksandarIvanov69]

depends on what you need

[@PepsiFuture]

Where was the value in this video?

[@shubhkedia259]

'And we see patterns everywhere, including in randomness'. This topic was covered in Cosmos : A space time Odyssey. I loved it when he says and I loved it when you said it too. Its is just so true. We strive to find patterns in everything and fail to do so many times.

[@MichaelSteeves]

I have hearing loss and in common with many others in that situation, my brain tries to find patterns in random noise. It is common to think there is a radio playing in the distance because your brain is desperately trying to find patterns where they don't exist.

[@TheXuism]

The definition of real randomness is there is no pattern at all.

[@garethbaus5471]

@@TheXuism not exactly, truly random things can have plenty of apparent patterns within them there just anything consistently creating the pattern.

[@guysumpthin2974]

But wisdom trumps knowledge & experience, yet together you get REAL experts . Without wisdom the results are usually poor to average, no matter how much experience/ training/ diploma/ certs

[@kotavenkatabharghav7222]

astrology summed up. people try to see patterns in things and are swayed by confirmational bias

[@whoisme1669]

Thanks for the inputs

[@getachertsegaye9057]

Thank you for your effort to share wisdom for all with this platform ,in an interesting and easy to understand way

[@frederf3227]

Famous quote: "To the beginner there are many possibilities. To the master there are few." Mastery cuts out the ways of doing things that aren't as good. This sharpens their ability but also ossifies their mind against new ideas. Re: the chess board replication. Practical or random the beginner was doing the same task, but the master's ability to use familiar patterns to compress information suffered in the random layout. The new guy on the shop thinks there are many ways to improve the business, even though those ideas are mostly wrong. The boss thinks there are no other ways and is almost certainly wrong. As for practice, it helps to "push yourself" but not burn yourself out. If the math problem or guitar lick is too hard you don't take anything from it. Your abilities are a rubber envelope. You want to stretch it with tension but not tear it with force. Drummers for example play a rhythm slowly for 100% accuracy and then ramp up the tempo until they start to come unglued and then relax the tempo again before too many errors happen. The most amazing and intimidating thing about expertise is not that people do things you could never do but realizing that they are things you might be able to given the input and that they themselves were like you are now when they started.

[@lepsycho3691]

Who said that?

[@himan12345678]

@@lepsycho3691 they should say proverb/saying, and not quote. That's like calling the proverb, "Jack of all trades; master of none...better than a master of one" a famous quote.

[@JohnnyArtPavlou]

Very nice.

[@Jinryuushi]

Amen!

[@lerafa]

as a drummer, I agree

[@treiweber7096]

I use to be a hockey goaltender, the pattern recognition part of the game never crossed my mind until now. I remember when the play was developing in the corner of the ice on my end and being able to keep track of everyone else on the ice seemed impossible when I was younger, but after time it got easier and easier and it seems like this pattern recognition of being able to quickly glance over and notice the patterns on the ice allowing me to gather info much quicker than looking over 3 or 4 times. It was a hugely important skill as a goaltender and watching this video just kind of made me chuckle about it.

[@umi66]

I really like this comment, thanks for the anecdote

[@Mattz554]

High quality content, your comment! And I'm the second saying this, woah!

[@NONO-hz4vo]

This is why sometimes it is more difficult to play against a bad player. They just aren't in the right spots they are supposed to be in. Of course once you learn they are trash it is easier but initially they can get some lucky points.

[@mrbrazina3128]

@@NONO-hz4vo do you think this could be why they call it "beginner's luck"

[@tylerstaresinic2354]

As an other goalie the big one that I can think of is reacting to shots. I used to be able to tell where the shot was going before the puck was actually released. And the time for me to react to a shot included the wind up time. And I hated it when it was a knucklepuck or they fanned on it because it totally threw me off. That’s why my advice to forwards is always to get a quick release because it removes my time to process/predict the shot.

[@twistedmentality1]

So inspirational, man I really needed that motivation 😢

[@destinyd1308]

malcom gladwells book the OUTLIER was truly mind opening and he talked about the 10,000 hour rule and what makes someone an expert. every few years ill listen to the audible or read the book again

[@mandos6145]

"excellence is not an art, it's pure habit. We are what we repeatedly do" 20 points to whoever recognises the quote

[@NotOrg7]

Who's quote is it?

[@Fabian-fd7go]

Aristotle

[@shaggyfeng9110]

Art is some elite group of people's habit. Don't you get it now?

[@lizanna6390]

​@@Fabian-fd7go thanks. I know the quote but trying to remember who said it was gonna drive me mad

[@viraloutbreaks99]

I don't know but I use this one all the time..... "You are what you do. Not what you say you'll do." -Carl Yung

[@thehighpriest360]

I really miss Mr. Goxx, I think his name was. Someone filmed their hamster running on a wheel labeled with stocks, and then the hamster would sometimes run into a nearby tube with "sell" on one end and "buy" on another. Still mostly made a profit by buying or selling whatever stock the hamster "selected" lol

[@averyinterestingpineapple6038]

Michael reeves latest video lol

[@trspanda2157]

Jesus loves us all that's why he died for our sins

[@itainteasywhenitshard7087]

@@trspanda2157 hard agree mate

[@mohammadmehdisaboori4357]

Every video that I saw in this channel was amazing Can you make a video about history of this channel? Or key people of this marvel?

[@devinsmith4684]

Thank you for that masterful exposition

[@iWatchYoutube2601]

Derek, this video and narration gave me a lot of courage and motivation to continue my learning of computer science. I’ve been practicing some of the same problems, just to master them. But anytime I try something new, even if it involves some of the same steps, I’m lost. This helped me break down some of the necessary steps I need to take to understand more about computer science and programming. As always, thanks for the amazing video! Wonderful production recently.

[@andrewlalis]

Go get it man. There's a lot to learn, but you've got the right attitude.

[@amdreallyfast]

In my experience in software engineering, half the learning is often just figuring out the shorthand, lingo, and abstractions of whomever I'm trying to learn from. It's difficult, but doable :)

[@iWatchYoutube2601]

Thank you for the kind words and inspiration Andrew and John. I’ve just been practicing Python the last few weeks. I go back to school in a few weeks though taking comp. Sci classes for the first time. I just switched over from a history major. It’s been super interesting and very rewarding getting into Python and comp. Sci as a whole

[@Djellowman]

So brave

[@krishp1104]

Like John said, coding is 90% figuring out how to apply what you already know in your current scenario

[@marten837]

Interesting to think about this in the context of my own field: Computer Science. Especially when writing code, it does illuminate some things for me. I work with a lot of scientist from other fields who mostly write software as a tool for expressing ideas from their respective fields. Most of them have had little to no formal training in writing code before starting to work. What I notice is that these people fairly easy learn how to avoid bugs and write code that executes, but are terrible at preventing structural issues (e.g. does this software scale easily or how easy is it to add new functionality in the future). The timely feedback issue seems crititcal here. When trying to write code that executes, the feedback is almost immediate: The software returns an error on running or it doesn't. The structural problems however aren't evaluated by any immediate system or even at all (especially for people who's main area of expertise is actually not software).

[@JustAnotherJarhead]

"Most of them have had little to no formal training in writing code before starting to work" = As a non-coder , this is totally impressive to me. I would love to be able to code without formal training. How are they even able to pull this off?

[@jaysmythe154]

Wait, ...what? X

[@webdevelopmentwithjavascri8020]

I totally agree with you.

[@MmmhMarky]

@@JustAnotherJarhead I am not a professional coder but have coded a few impressive stuffs. I program to how I think like solving a puzzle. It has no structure. For example, I once wanted to search for a product fast. I didn't like the idea of searching a file, one line at a time which is a huge waste of time. Then, I came up with a search that narrows down half at a time, which means that searching through 500,000 and 1,000,000 is just one search apart. (In addition to that, I was programming in assembly language Masm for speed.) Later on, I found it that it was called binary search.

[@fd4511]

A computer program is a tool. Some tools are only going to be used by scientists to solve a repetitive problem, while other programs will be sold to customers. The structural requirements will be different, of course. While not being a scientist, I can suspect that a scientist wouldn't want to spend an expensive time to build a beautiful code that will not be facing outwards, nor scale up later. If there's a need for such a level of quality, they'd be outsourcing coding anyway, after a prototyping stage. I'd imagine that scientists are concerned with higher level solutions to problems, and proofs of concept, while the engineers actually go more in-depth and anticipate quality control, code security, etc.

[@BrianParsons-or1lv]

Love this man, great stuff thanks

[@jamesharner2687]

and I want to thank you for creating and posting!

[@zhangalex734]

"At its core, expertise is about recognition." That is simply beautiful.

[@DrAgasa_anime]

I have been watching this channel since 2011 and it remains one of the most interesting and thought-provoking KZbin channels. It has been a pleasure to experience the evolution of this channel. I remember being amazed by your slinky drop video and being stumped by the bullet block video. Over the years, your physics videos have really challenged my critical thinking and it has been very rewarding. Recently, however, you have really outdone yourself. Videos like this one and your Bayes Theorem video have truly challenged how I view the world at a fundamental level. There may be a lot of science educators out there, but some of the videos you produce are truly one of a kind.

[@violetviolet888]

Dr. Agasa: "Be Smart" channel by PBS is excellent as well.

[@Call_Upon_YAH]

Hey! Did you know God is three in one!? The Father, The Son, and The Holy Spirit! Bless him! Jesus died for our sins, rose from the dead, and gives salvation to everyone who has faith in him! True faith in Jesus will have you bear good fruit and *drastically* change for the better! Have a blessed day, everyone! ❤

[@Call_Upon_YAH]

Your worries (yes, anxiety), depression, suicidal thoughts, EVERYTHING will melt away and be NO MORE when you lean on God and put your trust in him! When I have physical pain, I literally pray and the Lord quells it, that I am healed! Know that there is power in the name Jesus Christ! His name casts out demons and heals! People are bothered by his name. The world hates the truth and wants to continue living sinfully! God's children are set apart (holy) and righteous.

[@violetviolet888]

@@Call_Upon_YAH God doesn't exist. Do your research on all religions first before posting.

[@wouldyoureturntomonke2452]

@@Call_Upon_YAH Jesus saves who? monke?

[@vitruvee]

Really appreciate all the efforts you put into each video.

[@iULTRA21]

1- repeated attempts with feedback Sports like tennis and football you see where you hit your shot, and if the ball goes to net. Physics you see wheither answer is right or wrong. Chess you see if you when or lose. 2- Valid environment. Wheither the thing is random or not. Like roulette and stocks. 3- Timely feedback. Try to get feedback immediately after your work, KZbin gives feedback after videos and compares it with the older ones. 13:35 Most important part 4- Don't get comfortable. The practice you're doing should be effective and uncomfortable. Like doing the same thing won't always make you better. Studying the thing and doing uncomfortable stuff will. (Deliberate practice) You should practice at the edge of your ability beyond your comfort zone, attempt things repeatedly that you're not good at. Without deliberate practice your performance could actually decrease. 16:05 great conclusion

[@chja00]

I can strongly recommend the book "Peak" by K Anders Ericsson. It nicely summarizes the authors research on deliberate practice, and it's quite accessible - written in a style that reminded me of "Thinking, Fast and Slow". It's very good followup reading to this video.

[@maxtrix1]

I thought the same, this video seems very similar as what Coleman says in his book

[@augustbramming4926]

Thanks for the recommendation!

[@soulextracter]

Note for future self.

[@anjitnarwal6676]

Range by David Epstein

[@wesi782]

"Talent is overrated" "Peak" and "Grit".

[@6DAMMK9]

Edit: Thank you for the vote up! In precise I am buying broken GPUs / motherboards and attempt to fix them, besides my unrelated day time job. Not the “oven method” in the web, but really trying to fix them in electronic sense. Clearing short circuits, replacing the ICs which appears no common across boards. Maybe I’ll try repairing PSU but I don’t want to blow my workbench (bedroom). I’ve just learnt repairing electronics with absolutely no background knowledge, with hours of watching Chinese repairing videos, and keep investing some money on buying random broken boards and tools and keep attempting to fix it. And I’ve found that the experience has magically fit all the requirements elements and now I’ve just been repaired a few of them and widely called as an “expert” in my local city. No course attended, just “self-studied” for around half a year, and only in weekend.

[@mikethompson2745]

It's sad what it takes to be considered an expert these days. I refuse the title Expert when I'm actually an expert, I call myself a Master instead considering how many 'experts' exist.

[@dsp4392]

If you feel that "the experience has magically fit all the requirements", then you're probably missing requirement #4 and are operating within your comfort zone. It can be easy to feel that you're learning fast when you're learning something that shares a lot of skills that are similar to something else you're already good at, or that you are learning a skill in an environment with no competition. Electronics repair, for instance, is pretty easy to people who are good in other STEM fields. I'm sure you could become even better by pushing farther and trying your hand at PCB design and robotics.

[@mikethompson2745]

@@dsp4392 tip, you clicked "reply" on my comment instead of the other guy, thus I got the notice. Btw, I designed the PCB for my last robot. ;)

[@mikethompson2745]

btw, my comment wasn't meant to disparage you, it was meant to disparage the general public. Fact is, if they view you as the expert when you have minimal experience, you ARE the expert in that group. But there is always more to learn. =)

[@hunternelson7627]

@@mikethompson2745 you sound like an exceptionally arrogant and irritating person to be around