The Avian Respiratory System

[@rosetyler1434]

Thank you, this helped me to explain properly to my roommate exactly why smoking around a bird is a horrible thing to do- worse to do to them than it would be to do to another animal since they keep the air inside for longer and pass it through the lungs twice, and thus end up absorbing more toxins

[@mitchspurlock3626]

it doesn't pass through the lungs twice it goes through once, the air sacs enable the air to flow through in only one direction which makes it so efficient

[@RaisonDetre96]

Mitch Spurlock Ok, but is the first half of his statement true? That the air spends more time inside their bodies than that of a mammal?

[@mitchspurlock3626]

@@RaisonDetre96 Nope, it spends a similar amount of time or less in the lungs than it does us, but their breathing is more efficient and that is why it's more dangerous. They extract more from the air into their bloodstream than we do.

[@RaisonDetre96]

Mitch Spurlock Ah very interesting, thank you.

[@mhdfrb9971]

@@mitchspurlock3626 so it's not really efficient

[@kennethferland5579]

Bats demonstrate that flight is not impossible without avian respiration, but it is likely limited in duration and altitude.

[@pokoirlyase5931]

There is a reason why bats don't have migration, for example, so you are right. Bat flight is very limited and inefficient. Compared to birds at least. But this air sac system didn't evolve for flight, it evolved originally to make saurischian and theropod dinosaurs lighter, and later was used by birds as a flight system.

[@justanotherhunter6634]

@@pokoirlyase5931 if i may just criticize your comment, you're incorrect about bat migration. Several species of bat have been observed migrating en mass, for instance the mexican free tail, or the hoary bat, they migrate from the midwest down to the southern US when the weather turns colder, they do indeed migrate.

[@rafiqqasim547]

@@peternewbranch9263 New Zealand has 2 species of bat and is over 1,000 miles away from the nearest large landmass; your argument is invalid.

[@u235u235u235]

@@pokoirlyase5931 i thought only the top of the dinosaur lighter to give lower center of gravity for improved turning without falling over?

[@filiphabek271]

@@rafiqqasim547 Continent forming and separation eksplains that, every continent in the world was once part of Pangea during first two thirds of Mesozoic. His comment is valid.

[@breannawidner8487]

their anatomy is just so interesting and unique

[@padmajaofficial5863]

Today I saw so many migratory birds and dolphins too, I am going to mention some of the birds: Little Cormorant Large Cormorant Bar headed Goose Grey Heron Greenshank Redshank Greater Adjutant ( Garur) Black necked Stork Black kites and many more

[@derpypigeon]

Wow I don’t think my dream of being a bird is going anywhere

[@arielshikoba1857]

Backwards Breathing 😏 Birds: Inhale >Air leaves Birds: Exhale

[@arendellecitizen208]

Dr. Bird: inhale Me: **inhales** Dr. Bird: now inhale again but the other way Me: **confused, dying of asphyxiation**

[@EmelieRosendalAlamo]

I have a question, when they do the 2nd inhalation and the air goes in to the anterior sacs, does new air go in posterior sacs?

[@colingtaylor2158]

At last, a good question! There is only one inhalation, the air goes through the lungs into both anterior air-sacs and posterior air-sacs, simultaneously. During exhalation, the air leaves both/all air-sacs through the lungs a second time. (I think).

[@StephenGillie]

Birds got lungs like bagpipes.

[@lanietalk]

swan song. when they die and air leaves their lungs

[@IowaKim]

So birds are a 4 stroke engine. Interesting.

[@leporellothegoldfinch]

What an amazing explanation. Thank you so much!

[@jonmarkwilson]

Excellent video! One minor point to correct, birds have the most efficient respiratory system of any terrestrial vertebrate. Fishes win that one.

[@patrickmccurry1563]

Jonathan Wilson Human lungs have the surface area of a tennis court. Fishes don't come close to that as they need to keep their gills exposed, and swimming around with court sized organs hanging out wouldn't be very sensible.

[@danielcrubaugh9924]

Jonathan Wilson Terrestrial means earth, that means that terrestrial only applies to animals that are land dwelling, fishes qualify as aquatic and not terrestrial

[@jonasawi]

+Patrick McCurry Sure, we've got large lungs, but not efficient lungs. We extract about 20-25% oxygen from the air we breathe while fish extract 80-90%, so they are by far more efficient.

[@patrickmccurry1563]

jonasawi Fish extract 80%+ of the oxygen from the air they breathe?

[@jonasawi]

+Patrick McCurry I didn't say air, did I? They extract 80-90% of the oxygen available to them because they use a counter-current system. You could simply say "OK, fair" rather than prove to me that you're dumb. The fact that you don't understand what "efficient" means already told me as much so there's no reason to drive the point home.

[@notfunnybbg]

Tyy! i did not understand what i was studying but this really helped me

[@DanteYewToob]

I still don’t understand how/where the air flows through the bones… but this is really cool and interesting!

[@pool8157]

Such a unique and simple way of explaining.....thanks

[@MrJames1041]

I have a question. You stated that 'Cervical Air Sacs' are the ones that are in the cranial region of the thoracic but in 2:50 you labeled them as 'Anterior Air Sacs'. It's a bit confusing.. Could you help me out?

[@Wienke-schimm]

I've read several explanations of bird respiration, and this was the first time it began to make sense. I made a diagram so I could track what was happening in the overlapping cycles. It seems that during exhalation, both batches of air move forward, whereas during inhalation they move in opposite directions. I'm puzzled how the old air is forced forward out of the parabronchi in the lungs during inhalation. Since the lungs are rigid, I assume it is simply the pressure of the new air moving forward from the posterior air sacs.

[@wishby6441]

Incredibly helpful video for explaining how the system works!

[@happymevids]

Does that [lack of diaphragm] mean that broken ribs are more likely to be fatal in birds? Brilliant video xx

[@hellomark1]

I mean, everything is more fatal for birds, so probably :) they have very few redundant organs, they're just built to be light and fast, so they sacrifice a lot of other things.

[@MrTwostring]

Enjoyed the video. My one observation is that it's not clear that the avian respiratory system is related to flight. There's evidence that flightless dinosaurs had a similar system, and in any event, bats have a mammalian lung and yet can fly just fine.

[@patrickmccurry1563]

MrTwostring They can't fly at altitude and they're locking into a much smaller maximum size than birds. At least bats have proper lungs unlike really small insects.

[@MrTwostring]

Patrick McCurry Flightless dinosaurs can't fly at altitude either.

[@juliafraa6419]

Back in that time there was much less oxygen in the air than there is today so that is why this feature originally came about but now it continues to exist in birds probably so they can fly at such high altitudes and for such long distances

[@MrTwostring]

@@juliafraa6419 - I don't buy it. EVERY animal alive today is descended from an animal that was alive then. Either way - I think you have it backwards. Here's a random bit found from a quick google search. - - - - - The atmosphere of the Earth 80 million years ago was discovered to have 50% more oxygen than modern air. Brenner and Landis found that for all gas samples taken from amber 80 million years old the oxygen content ranged between 25% to 35% and averaged about 30% oxygen. Cretaceous air was supercharged with oxygen.

[@isspenguin]

@MrTwostring: Atmospheric oxygen levels fell from a high point of 28% in the Late Permian to 20% at the PTB, and 16% in the Early Triassic

[@pabs04]

Great video, just one comment. At the beginning you state that the avian respiratory system is the most efficient in the animal kingdom. That is incorrect. The most efficient respiratory system is the countercurrent respiratory system found in fish. They are able to exchange at an efficiency ration of 80-90%. Avians have a cross-current system, and while efficiency is superior to that of humans, it still falls short of the fish. But again, great video!

[@spacecadet28]

fish dont breathe air.

[@EjPwned]

It’s the most efficient in air breathing vertebrates

[@basennel]

Great and interesting video!!! Thank you for sharing.

[@alfarosiarsita]

If human lung is a Piston engine, bird lung is Rotary engine

[@IanThompson1]

That was brilliant, very helpful. Just to point out that bats use a conventional mammalian lung and fly remarkably well (migrating long distances, but not at altitude). Curious that birds have such a complex system when a straightforward in out lung would have 'got them off the ground'(!)

[@patrickmccurry1563]

Ian Thompson One theory is that proto-dinosaurs evolved them to deal with the major drop in oxygen after the Permian Triassic extinction when 96% of all marine life died out. That it later turned out perfect for flight was just a lucky coincidence.

[@Zache9110]

@@patrickmccurry1563 That would be a great example of an exaptation!

[@HappyBeezerStudios]

@@patrickmccurry1563 Pretty much how evolution goes at things. Have something with a minor advantage, improve and build on that, then find another function for it. Feathers pretty much for thermal insulation and courtship before being used for gliding and finally flight.

[@Benjaminbumblebee]

God designed and created these systems. The design speaks of this itself.

[@dolsopolar]

@@patrickmccurry1563archosaurs evolved them long before that as pterosaurs, another archosaur achieved flight before end triassic. so that wouldn't really be the case since other large archosaurs with the same system as dinosaurs went extinct.

[@timone1002]

So are they 2 stroke or 4 stroke?

[@heytasker]

timone1002 you're thinking of chicken... you don't stroke chicken, you choke it.. 🤣

[@youssifkabaili5263]

Are you sure

[@MoisesQuirozT]

More like axial flow turbine LOL

[@OttomanZC]

I don't get it. What's the advantage of this system? A constant air flow? But I can't see the constant air flow, the lungs only get air when the abdominal sacs are emptied?

[@lifegaurdmuaythai95]

yeah, just to ensure a constant air flow. Because the birds are having to work so hard to stay in the air they need to make sure they have 'secondary tanks' that are used whilst the air in the lungs are being used. Its just to make sure the bird always has air.

[@OttomanZC]

Dale Kingston Oh ok thanks for your help!

[@MsMauDau]

thank you , very clear explanation. really helps!

[@TheGabXD]

wow amazing video. Thank you so much!!!

[@rebeccacurran8365]

Very clearly explained!

[@Deeer69420]

This is great! Exactly what I was looking for!

[@SuriyaKsr]

Good explanation 🎉

[@YunyunFeng-y7d]

Sorry, I didn't catch that. Within the lungs the air passes through "what"?(about 2:28)

[@IroVinh]

*Parabronchi*

[@anitacoogan4822]

thank you, often when I find the injured birds they are gasping for air ( and unfortunately spasms) they hit the glass building hard and fall many flors to the hard cement, I flip them as quick as I can off their backs on to their belly as often see perished on their backs. A friend & I rescue birds . A recent youtube video shows us in Newark NJ, the video is named ( Volunteers give migrating birds injured in N.J’s biggest city a second chance ) The Raptor Trust made a older video when we first started named ( Window Strikes in the Business District ) of us picking up injured Warblers.

[@laracorbo2192]

you can put stickers on the windows so they dont crash!

[@anitacoogan4822]

@@laracorbo2192 These are office buildings, I suggested but they will not do this small thing. But it is an excellent suggestion

[@hebamostafa8805]

what the function of air sac in the embryonic life

[@peppermintcactus8018]

What would that feel like? Human breathing seems a lot more simple to describe. Would it feel any different if a human were able to do this, if they described it to someone?

[@indrajeet]

Our breathing would be allot more efficient, since we would be able to absorb 90% of the owygen we breath in. We would have a llot more energy potential, speed, stamina, power e.t.c.

[@BerryTheBnnuy]

@@indrajeet We'd actually be more efficient than birds if we breathed like this. Our red blood cells are a lot smaller than that of birds. So if we had the avian respiratory system, we'd be even more over powered than we already are.

[@juritudi57yearsago59]

@@BerryTheBnnuy if we had avian respiration however, we’d be getting infections and respiratory diseases from smoke and air pollutants even cleaning products much more than if we had mammalian respiration. It has a drawback because of how efficient it at utilizing oxygen.

[@barbarakrall4331]

@@juritudi57yearsago59 Exactly! Any experienced bird owner understands that avian pets are FAR more sensitive to indoor air pollutants and airborne toxins than are mammalian pets and have to take great care to avoid exposing their birds to such toxins. Newbie bird owners, unless they have exerted the effort to learn in advance why birds' respiratory systems are so sensitive, may learn from the school of hard knocks when their bird suddenly drops dead.

[@Termini_Man]

I'm surprised, I would have thought that birds would have 2 tubes, one where the air comes in through, and one where it exits through.

[@SassePhoto]

Excellent thank you so much

[@sofiehenrysonrudvall]

Hello Kelly ! We have seen your movie about birds breething and we think it is very good. Is it possible to show this movie in an exhibition about birds? This exhibition will open 19TH of September 2020, in about five weeks in Uddevalla, Sweden. We need to translate the movie.

[@sturlamolden]

You forgot an important part of the bird respiratory system, the pneumatic bones in the skeleton.

[@elusuariosecreto2458]

She mentioned them

[@joshhattig9427]

also are we t are we talking about air going into the bird or the birds respiratory system

[@kashyapprajapati8490]

Interesting the bird lung study

[@biancazaffarano81]

Kelly have emailed you to ask permission to use with attribution. Please let me know.

[@Hun_Uinaq]

I don’t think this adaptation is that crucial in order to fly. Bats don’t have it and manage to fly pretty well. I’m sure it helps enormously though.

[@nayabbirds721]

And its treatment?

[@mahamaha-lr4xy]

simple easy and good explanation

[@studiojox]

Hi could We use, show this video in our exhibitatin at a small museum in Sweden?

[@UkeGirl100]

TRULY informative!!!

[@a-splays4419]

You posted 7 years ago , how's your life now?

[@linearOffBurleigh]

Birds swim through air osmotically?

[@ParhoLikhoAgayBhado]

superb...

[@kelseycee]

great video, but you misspelled metabolic at the beginning of the video

[@vishwagoal492]

How many tracheal ring in birds??

[@T-She-Go]

You're a blessing, thank you :)

[@gluestick4833]

Thanks This video was helpful

[@jessicalv6442]

Very helpful!!

[@benitomussolini-x]

Been superbly understood..

[@Dawer8D]

gracias señorita

[@youssifkabaili5263]

I’m gonna see the birds breathing air.

[@asgwilson]

Excellent!!

[@passivemoon]

Thank you.

[@user-cl3gz9ey1w]

Can you make playlist for bird in your channel please

[@zhilahesani8384]

do negative pressure in respiratory system of birds?

[@chase918273]

What?

[@TragoudistrosMPH]

So many questions... what about crocodiles and bats?

[@ryoumaf3250]

Thank you!

[@ipodzz55]

Your teacher shared this, i am right?

[@laylaa.hassan5101]

good work

[@Arjun08ac]

Thanks

[@verzen]

Bats have lungs like we do and they can fly just fine. Just saying...

[@laurenk7631]

Kyle Rutherford But birds can also fly at higher altitudes due in part to their respiratory adaptations and can grow larger and still fly. The largest flying bat, Golden-capped fruit bat weights approx 1.1kg, while the largest extant flying bird the Kori bustard weighs approx 21kg.

[@patrickmccurry1563]

Lauren K Largest flying insects were dragonfly like creatures with 2 foot wingspans long before flying reptiles and dinosaurs.

[@MrTwostring]

Patrick McCurry Don't forget that giant dragonflies lived when there was more oxygen in the atmosphere. Yes, it's an interesting question why some birds are bigger than any bat. It seems there are many possible explanations.

[@patrickmccurry1563]

They evolved then, but survived to a little past the time of more oxygen, so that theory doesn't quite mesh with what happened.

[@tonyhickey8849]

+Kyle Rutherford Bat lungs are still quite specialised with very thin walls and very high surface areas for their body mass. So they are similar in structure to us, but not the same.

[@אבי-ו9ז]

תודה רבה

[@cristinabesenmuelas7009]

Hi! Me and my friend are doing a science work and we need to know if you are a teacher or similar and if it is yes, what institution. Good job with the video by the way!

[@dhadham9135]

Thank you

[@PoultryScholars]

Excellent

[@eileenbaha6544]

in va school and this is so much better explanined lol

[@Tnbeazy]

awesome!

[@alonir101]

Cool video thanks :D

[@ak-ul3nc]

excellent

[@brentthegravityman]

Kelly whats up with the chicken have you considered using a flight bird skeleton?

[@melinafava4943]

Thank you ! Help alot ! :D

[@القرآنُكتابي-ض8ل]

ياريت بي ترجمه عربي

[@timebert9467]

Someone needs to have a word with bats

[@hatsamb]

You are my hero

[@dirtygrin9129]

All I heard was "Abdominal sex"... I wonder how you could do that. JK XD

[@fahimjaowad8717]

I want this.

[@stojadinovicdushan]

Wow

[@mindf4rt]

I'm here because of It's Ok To Be Smart's 2M sub video. How are there not more videos about how birds breathe?

[@priyanshu3546]

waah

[@octopusph.d7737]

insane

[@nicolocaramori2964]

LIKE PER IL GRANDE BERTOLUCCI

[@fahijaansari4502]

I don't get it first you said that inhalation meant breathing out in a bird next you said during inhalation the air is breathed in

[@itsladydi626]

its a two phase process for one complete cycle, the air from inhalation one does not leave the body until inhalation two (due to the air reservoirs which are absent within ourselves and our single phase respiration cycle)

[@CheapSushi]

When they "inhale", it goes to the sacs in the rear first, when they "exhale", THEN it goes to the lungs and the front sacs and leave out the nose again.

[@kx4532]

Great now explain it right

[@crappyaccount]

Damn, birds are more.complicated than I thought

[@ОлександраГілевич-ю6ж]

Кщачд

[@TreDogOfficial]

". . .the act of flight would likely be impossible." Never met a bat before🦇 Albeit they do fly rather clumsily

[@mendesarmy9216]

bats don't fly at the same altitudes or anywhere near as far or as fast as birds do

[@mhdfrb9971]

​@@mendesarmy9216 they could still fly regardless

[@fr4163]

great video, just stop talking to the viewer like they are a baby. thats a very american thing

[@IAmDeadlySerious]

Whooa so like, how high would birds get if they smoked weed dude!!1

[@horaceball5418]

I am an engineer and this is the product of intelligent design by a God with an IQ of infinity, it is not the result of time, nature and chance which has an IQ of zero. Praise God!

[@johncitizen5130]

Shut the fuck up 😂 If what you are looking at is all that is left of all competing species to have ever lived, thus only the most capable and well adapted survive, of course it's going to look like they were designed for their exact lifestyles.

[@walterlane8890]

Proof positive that birds did not evolve from reptiles

[@DrMarkFrazier]

All amniotes evolved from reptiles. Can you propose another phylogeny to explain your statement?

[@walterlane8890]

Frazier their respiratory systems are so fundamentally different that evolution from a reptile respiratory system to a avian system is impossible.

[@DrMarkFrazier]

So what explanation for the origin of birds and their lungs do you follow, if not the fossil record and phylogenetics?

[@walterlane8890]

@@DrMarkFrazier I am a creationist because it is the only logical and scientific explanation of origins. Evolution defies logic. DNA does not create itself anymore than a computer program can write itself. Things always go from order to chaos according thermodynamic theory.

[@DrMarkFrazier]

@@walterlane8890 I am an Episcopal priest and also a professor of biology (not sure if either is a side hustle). While I believe in God the creator, I also acknowledge that life is not understandable in any rational sense without accepting evolution. If I may ask one further question of you, how old do you believe the earth and the universe to be?

[@joshhattig9427]

talk more clerer and stop moving the bird!

[@ayuwoki453]

Aburridoooo