The conflict of interests among Chinese organizations in Penang

The conflict of interests among Chinese organizations in Penang
In the 19th century, a separation of mining and construction sites was established. The Penang Chinese used their regional surnames and dialects as a base of support, forming multiple gangs that fought each other for about 50 years. At that time, interest groups formed by the secret society were so powerful that the colonial government could not control them. Until they were forcibly dissolved by the government.
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