The Formation of the Solar System and the Structure of the Sun

So we learned about the formation of the Milky Way, which is the galaxy that we live in. But where in that galaxy do we live? We live on a planet that orbits a star that we simply refer to as "The Sun", so where is that, and when did our solar system form? We are now ready to learn about how our home planet came to be! Let's check it out.
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[@salute4392]

"Here is our Earth, home to everyone you've ever met and every place you've ever gone" Buzz Aldrin watching this series: 👁 👄 👁

[@canbest7668]

Except for Buzz because he went to the moon

[@mapelaanjakoodaansuomeksi3432]

@@jhaykaytrajano8302 peepee poopoo

[@Aguz25]

My english is basic but I can understand your explainations very well (reading subs), you're a good Professor.

[@obey2263]

@@CTGReviews Grammar Queen

[@CTGReviews]

@@obey2263 I’m male.

[@Coquette33700]

You have better spelling and grammar than a lot of native English speakers, Good job!

[@obey2263]

@@CTGReviews ok grammar queen

[@CTGReviews]

@@obey2263 male means male.

[@duderyandude9515]

That ending genuinely brought a tear to my eye; I love Carl Sagan and the way he explains space is nothing short of poetry. I am currently reading Cosmos.

[@adonaimorales3560]

“And lastly, Neptune.” Pluto: 👁 👄 👁

[@DeluxeSlayer]

@@lyxinia No shit Scherlock

[@thespy1807]

@@DeluxeSlayer Yo, calm the fuck down.

[@DeluxeSlayer]

@@thespy1807 ?? I'm calm I was just pointing out that he stated an obvious fact that everybody knows.

[@DonnieDGaming]

I was gonna comment something similar. Poor pluto. Lol

[@kwebvin9939]

@@DeluxeSlayer I didn't know it degraded to a dwarf planet in 2006

[@NathanHarrison7]

5 Billion years of history condensed into 12 mins. Thank you! Excellent content. Would like to know more about the protoplanetary disk formation. Namely what is the mechanism that, 1) Helps the dust and matter to accumulate into a cloud, and 2) What kick starts the formation of its center (where said center eventually experiences fusion and becomes a star \ center of a new solar system).

[@StephenBlower]

Gravity

[@georgeoneal8148]

Nothing kick-starts it, it takes millions or even billions of years to form

[@cristinaeliseeva1082]

You should teach in schools! You're an outstanding professor! You're able to convey information in a way even normal people can understand! Complimenti per la sua bravura professore!

[@germanire]

Nice props to Carl Sagan; classy.

[@raghaviiyer7]

The video animation quality is too good and it helped me in understanding the concept in best manner. The audio is perfect and I like that you have displayed the important information that need more attention. There were many information about solar system which was every new to me and it added an extra knowledge about solar system and it's structure.

[@panospands7182]

So glad I came across your videos. Even though I don't have the knowledge to understand completely, I think I have a better idea of how things work in space. Thanx!

[@frogstamper]

Incredible that in around two hundred thousand years our species has evolved from a hunter-gatherer hominid to being able to understand the world and origin of our species, evolution truly is amazing.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Much less, more like ten thousand!

[@frogstamper]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains Yes you're correct Dave, counting from a modern human it is around ten thousand, even more amazing. Why some people want to downplay this achievement by using the lazy catch-all God did it is an anathema.

[@kasparhauser4472]

Very powerful presentation - thank you so much!! A bright spot during uncertain "corona" times

[@xaverywyrzryn]

its corona time in 2020

[@thesmalldutchman4137]

Kaspar Hauser did corona come from the sun 🤔🤔🤔🤔

[@brandonmonroe9822]

Corona, corona. I see what you did there! Very bright of you 😂

[@brandonmonroe9822]

@vladimir putin is andrei panin - russian actor you wouldnt have to go to space to prove the heliocentric model. There are countless way that you can wrap your mind around it right here from earth that doesnt even take complex math or anything. I'll link you to some videos if you'd care to learn.

[@Sniffzoer]

Thank you!

[@jawaidahmed7604]

I have seen many videos on the subject but the way you explained is excellent.A s a layman i got great understanding of the subject Thanks

[@ShoutingFromTheRooftops]

Loved your explanation of the formation of the protoplanetary disk, and the coalescing into sun and planets. You have keen powers of description and explanation - thanks!

[@vanma3677]

Hello from Vietnam! I am a Chemistry student. My question is that the planets and the sun are both spherical (symmetrical). But why is the planets' orbits not circular?

[@DeluxeSlayer]

1. The planets are almost never perfectly spherical or symmetrical. For example the Earth is slightly stretched because there is a reaction force stretching it out due to the centripetal force (force of gravity from the sun) 2. In order to have a circular orbit, you have to have exactly the right conditions when the orbit forms and there has to be no interaction with other bodies that could stretch out the orbit into an ellipse. I recommend you play Kerbal Space Program it will make you understand how orbits work.

[@youknowwho3124]

I love brushing up on some of these details, you do a great job explaining. one thing that is rarely explained though, that would be interesting to have more extensive details on, is How the planets are made out of different materials and how atmospheres form. and if we know, why do they form differently ?

[@paulkilimi8994]

Thank you. Wonderful insights

[@shankarasp6960]

So nice to get more and more information about stars and planets galaxy

[@PerpetualPrograstinator]

Pluto has left the -chat- *The solar system* I miss it.

[@chrisn4315]

I don't ... Pluto was naughty when he was going into areas he's not supposed to, like crossing Neptune's path around the sun or deviating from the orbital plane - that's not how to behave for a proper planet. :)

[@-danae-786]

We all get you bud. We all do.

[@ivanivonovich9863]

Salma Ahmed: Pluto is still where it was before! (In orbit around the Sun). It just got demoted to a dwarf planet. Because it has not accreted all the other mass in its orbit. In the other two requirements, spherical due to its mass and in orbit around the sun, it has made the grade.

[@bravoalphahk]

It may be a sensible re-categorization by itself, but its practical effect is that children know that much less about the solar system. We should be going in the opposite direction by mentioning every significant part of the system in every model. Children growing up today should know the belts, dwarves, and large moons (at least the 4 larger than our moon, or the 6 larger than Pluto) as well as their parents knew the 9 planets.

[@turkoositerapsidi]

@@bravoalphahk I thought there were 7 moons larger than 134340. Jupiter III, Saturn VI, Jupier IV, Jupier I, Earth I, Jupiter II, Neptune I.

[@liveforentertainment6104]

Nicely done Dave

[@petertodorov2245]

thanks for the great presentation mate

[@Phorky]

5:45 even the sun knew what was coming

[@icarusshepherd1724]

haha nice one dude.

[@Euphoria0001]

Corona also means crown in Spanish. Funny joke tho.

[@ImMortalGamerthepro]

I came to the comment section as soon a heard that word lmfao

[@rebeccacummings6697]

the coronavirus is not a virus, it's a family of viruses. Coronaviruses existed for a long time. Also, it's crown in Spanish. This joke is so bad, lmao.

[@Phorky]

@@rebeccacummings6697 your sense of humor is trash lmao, just tryna have some fun in school

[@peterkazora5579]

its very educational looking forward for more videos

[@suvendunayak6995]

Fantastic video

[@lidyaangelin8927]

Love all your videos.... 😍

[@liveforentertainment6104]

One of the best video I found on KZbin.😍😍

[@YA.NAUMAN.GAMING]

Awesome👍👍👍😊👏 explanation😀.. 🤩😲😲😍

[@Killawhale244]

Thanks, professor Dave!❤

[@moonofjewels4034]

ty u clarified all of my doubts

[@pizzapastasosoyumyum3450]

The universe is massive, makes me believe that there is other source of life out there

[@esajpsasipes2822]

Definetly is, if we ever reach it is not that obvious. I think that if we ever meet alien life, it will either be just simple bacteria like thing, and, in case of intelligent life, they will not have super advanced technology and stuff like shown in most sci-fi, but we will be the super advanced ones that they dream about. Of course the sci-fi "they are advanced" scenario might also happen.

[@esajpsasipes2822]

But even then, look at how fragile is the earth ecosystem...

[@donaldcampbell9483]

Even if there is life out there we would never be able to communicate with them😭

[@somemysteriousguy7114]

"We are starstuff. This fact only enhances the deep longing we feel when we gaze up to the night sky. In a very literal sense, it's where we came from and perhaps we will go back one day." *that gave me goosebumps*

[@schifoso]

Great video. Looking forward to what comes next.

[@PunmasterSTP]

Structure of the sun? More like “Super video; well-done!” Thanks again for making and sharing all this really cool stuff.

[@danigamer3274]

Really poetic and inspiring ending👌

[@chagglenough2892]

Fr

[@spacegalaxiesplanetsastron344]

great video

[@spinmusicstudiosofficial]

I love the intro👍👍👍

[@robinsonfelix7628]

Hello Professor Dave 😊😍 Thank you for explaining. Very helpful for a science student like me. New subscriber here

[@jkam2524]

Beautiful work, Dave. Thank you.

[@Strype13]

Question: Since the entire star-forming process begins with a massive "ball of gas," does the protostar begin fusion and become a star before or after the protoplanetary disk has already flattened out?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Well when we say the disk is flat, it still could be as thick as the diameter of the star, it's just roughly in a plane as opposed to a spherical swarm of particles.

[@anixahclarkxs2725]

pov: you got assigned to watch this for a school assignment

[@cl5840]

POV: you actually wanted to watch this

[@cl5840]

@abheek too bad that’s what I did

[@cl5840]

@abheek apparently your bad at receiving them because it wasn’t a joke.? I literally came here to watch it because I like watching this stuff.

[@haidirmalikbahri4366]

Thats trueeee

[@killerqueen4681]

@Axis if you hate this then gtfo mate

[@sethadade6994]

I like the way you teach

[@TheDufc1]

Great vid

[@miiigoreng]

A blessing to find Prof. Dave's contents

[@rubenpereira9103]

that late heavy bombardment was kind of your take on the subject right? Because I have seen many theories regarding that specific event

[@aileengetty2300]

Thanks!

[@marizromero1370]

i love this episode.

[@yaronkl]

Thank you

[@YA.NAUMAN.GAMING]

Ossum video. Like👍 to see it.. 👍👌👌

[@camofrog]

You should label NOT TO SCALE on a lot of this!

[@maximilianmessmer1559]

9:30 Where can I get this amazing animation? 😱

[@pattonpending7390]

Great video, Professor Dave. Quick Question: Has anybody seen what the sun looks like from the poles? I'm wondering if the magnetic fields and convective currents make the surface look different (like Saturn or Jupiter) and if that can give us insight into the structure of the Sun. Thanks.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Well certainly people have seen the sun from the poles, as thousands of people have been to the poles, but I'm not really sure what would make the sun look different from that vantage point. It's just its apparent path through the sky that is radically different.

[@pattonpending7390]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains : My apologies, I meant if we have ever gone over the Suns polar region to see what the surface looks like on its axis of rotation. When we (collectively) did that with Jupiter and Saturn, we saw unique layer interactions and patterns that are helping us to understand the atmosphere of those planets.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Oh duh, you meant what do the sun's poles look like. A quick googling turned up the conclusion that they are not well-studied, only one probe has flown over them and it didn't have imaging technology, but we still have a bit of information about them. Hopefully something to study in the future!

[@pattonpending7390]

@vladimir putin is andrei panin - russian actor : yes, the Earth is round. I know this for three reasons: I am a wireless engineer and have to align point-to-point satellite links between distant towers and have to accommodate for the curvature in all my long distance calculations, I have watched a sunset in the mountains and seen the UNDERSIDE of the clouds lit up while the top of them was dark (meaning the Sun must be lower than the clouds, and therefore invalidate the flat earth hypothesis), and lastly: I'm a normal, rational Human without paranoid delusions who also understands the scientific method.

[@davidkrestyn6849]

WOW, Truly amazing 😂😂 The formation of the solar system and hte structure of the sun is truly exquisite!!! +1 like for you kind sir???!!!!?? 😂❤️😒😂

[@teefkay2]

Little about Planetary (especially Jupiter & Saturn ) Migration (see Nice Model), necessary to understand formation & current locations of the planets. Falsely implies that the planets formed where they exist today. Perhaps not yet generally accepted?

[@TheMelodicMess]

I binge on your videos at night before bed

[@tapejara1507]

actual YT prof nice

[@rikkifurey5670]

We are the way for the universe to know itself.

[@williamchamberlain2263]

We're how the universe gets drunk.

[@MattJohno2]

I wonder if we can find other stars that formed in the same nebula as ours? How would we be able to tell if so?

[@amir.hazwan]

One of the best videos, thanks! Although I'm a little confused with the comparison; size of a pancake relative to what?

[@nickbisson8243]

If the milky way was shrunk down to the size of the earth our solar system would be the size of a pancake

[@amir.hazwan]

@@nickbisson8243 ah okay got it. Thanks!

[@nickbisson8243]

@@amir.hazwan pretty crazy. Hard to even imagine

[@amir.hazwan]

@@nickbisson8243 there's a video where a guy demonstrates how much we have to travel to Alpha Centauri if the earth is shrunk to 1mm. I find that really really crazy too!

[@AliHaider-bc7cl]

Ur videos r awesome cynicalx!

[@diegocolomes]

A little doubt here: if the solar system formed from the same gas cloud, how is it that the Sun is made mainly from hydrogen and helium but the planet have a completely different composition (at least in the distribution amount of their different elements)? (Great series btw👍).

[@theaviator1152]

As Dave said, the Solar System was formed from a cloud of elements that were produced by some supernova. That cloud contained mostly hydrogen and helium, but also some amount of heavier elements which are now in both the planets and the Sun. The Sun actually has more of *everything* in it, including the heavier elements-not just hydrogen and helium. The difference between the Sun and the planets is that the planets’ lower gravity prevented them from holding their hydrogen and helium, so they lost it, whereas the Sun still contains most of the hydrogen and helium it initially had. Also remember that the Sun is a bit older than all of the planets and finished forming before them and before all of the solid material coalesced and “cleared out.” The Sun has always been hot enough to pretty much destroy, melt, absorb, burn, etc. any solid material that goes into it. The early planets could not do the same thing, which is why they all have solid material, at least in their centers, whereas the Sun is entirely gas and plasma.

[@diegocolomes]

@@theaviator1152 thanks for the answer👍

[@Old_Shakes]

I wish there was a version of your video that didn't have the intro and outlook music so it's not as jarring when I fall asleep to the videos lol.

[@Lmao69spaceboi]

Hey there professor!umm.. Im doing some research about asteroid mining..may i ask you if you could help me in my "project"? It uses large mirrors to melt the asteroid's surface to extract it's material.

[@Lmao69spaceboi]

I would like if you could tell me how large the mirros would need to be and how far away it would need to be. Thank you!😊

[@robertcartier5088]

Distances are likely covered in another video... Although the following trick is not very accurate, I find it helpful to use a perceived pattern in the distances which helps greatly in visualizing distances between the planets, including the Asteroid Belt. The pattern is simply that each planet's orbit is roughly twice the distance from the Sun as the previous planet's orbit. The trick is to count the Asteroid Belt as being part of this pattern, despite it not being a planet, itself. So, using this pattern, we can assume that Venus is twice as far from the Sun as Mercury... Earth is twice as far from the Sun as Venus... Mars... The Belt... Jupiter, etc. Again, not accurate for scientific use, but close enough to realize that our solar system is a lot bigger than most humans think. This works with radio communications as well. We know that the light from the Sun reaches us in about 8 minutes... and that our coms work at close to light-speed, we can therefore assume that a com signal to and from Mars would take at least 8 minutes each way, since it is as far from us as we are from the Sun. Of course, none of the planets is stationary, and we could be on opposite sides of our respective orbits, making those distances vary greatly. But this method is still useful to me in visualizing the scale of it all. Hope it helps others see it too. Thanks for another great video, Prof. Dave! Cheers from the Great White North! ;-]

[@flamingspinach]

At 10:29 you say that every atom on earth except for hydrogen was fused inside a star, but what about helium and lithium isotopes produced by big bang nucleosynthesis? There should be a fair number of those too, right?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Yes, that's true. Though helium is not abundant since it's inert. Some lithium is probably from BBN as well, fair point.

[@flamingspinach]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains I guess you mention helium being inert because its lightness in elemental form makes it easy for it to have escaped into space over the lifetime of the earth, in contrast with hydrogen which remains bound in various much heavier compounds.

[@noufsimiyachi9301]

Very powerfull🤓

[@winterbird4883]

good

[@swapnilloharkar9668]

ohh that last line.....now I will die in comfort.......

[@trafalgar22a8]

Thanks Professor Dave 28SEP2018

[@icecream_potato]

The intro made me cry lol

[@kermitdekikker2308]

but how do particles or gas where the sun is made up of pull so hard on each other that it created fusion? Doesn't is need an inmense amound of gravity to pull something like that off? please help me I'm really confused about that part

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Yes, and indeed there is an immense amount of gravitational pressure because the mass of a star is enormous.

[@kermitdekikker2308]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains yea I get how fusion in a star is created but when a star is formed a gas cloud is compressed into a star, but how does it do that since those particles have very little gravity? Thank you btw for reacting, even though this is an old video; I honestly didn't expect it

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

An individual particle has very little mass, but we are talking about enormous gas clouds of several solar masses. It's a lot of mass.

[@gracejiang2563]

Professor Dave, why are the outer planets so far away from each other?

[@cyanuranus6456]

And By the Way. The Collapsed Cloud of Gas and Heavy Elements. That was Spinning into a Flat Circle Disk Shaped. Is Not Just Called a Protoplanetray Disk. Planets That Going Around in Circles Around Stars. Are Formed from Spinning Rings of Gas and Spinning Rings of Dust Around Newly Born Stars are Called Circumstellar Disks. Planets Formed from Circumstellar Disks. Not Just Protoplanetary Disks

[@fraserwilliams8472]

We truly will return to the dust from where we came!

[@ganweidi1382]

So big stars dies, explode like fire-works, spewing out dusts all over, settles again, condense, form into another stars, explode again, and repeat indefinitely until there is no more fuel and so spaced out. If you can imagine these scene and play it fast forward, the entire universe is like an ever expanding fireworks that keep popping and dispersing until no more energy is left.

[@MrKrazyKK]

Thank you prof. Do humans, animals and plants add net new mass as they grow?

[@thedeebo410]

Not unless they're eating things taken from space. Living things just rearrange matter that already exists on Earth.

[@azadprasad856]

Need urgent help on aldol condensation

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

you'd better watch my tutorial on that subject instead of this one then!

[@stephenkyapatala9946]

wow it is good

[@waterfall9386]

Planets in the line must be balanced, to have matching sides, in symmetry.

[@trikwardoyokchannel6272]

can anyone explain the conclusion or a brief explanation of the explanation?

[@williamchamberlain2263]

Lumpy dusty clumpy clumpy

[@wiktorutracki6469]

I'm confused. You said a few episodes back that's population III stars are the youngest and now you say that pop I od the youngest. Have I missed something?

[@gaboelexo]

just saw the videos, he said correctly in both videos

[@maritzasantiago5998]

Why Pluto is not part or excluded from our planetary system?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

don't worry we will get to that very soon!

[@ivanivonovich9863]

Pluto got demoted to a Dwarf Planet. Because it has other objects/matter still in its orbital zone.

[@dr_akshatamali]

so....we are STARSTUFF! .....our ultimate reality!!! .... PURELY BY GRAVITY

[@regulusleonis1165]

Why would a spinning cloud of dust reduce to a 'protoplanetary disk'? If gravity + rotation causes gas/particles to reduce to a disk, then the gas planets should be disks and not spheres

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Gas planets still have rocky/metal cores. There is a big difference in the way matter is distributed for a planet vs. a system.

[@deysiramirez4643]

lol the best thing ever sean in 12 YEARS HAHAHAH

[@spirdermena0384]

Yes, Sean.

[@samirasaid1729]

Am a 13 yrs old and I'm planning to go there one day ..... I hope god will help me 🙂

[@drine5099]

Hope I'll pass my physical science test laterr

[@BulbXML]

so did the coronavirus come from the sun **visible thinking**

[@SubtleHawk]

Corona means crown.

[@BulbXML]

@@SubtleHawk r/woooosh

[@SubtleHawk]

@@BulbXML I got the joke I'm just adding info.

[@BulbXML]

@@SubtleHawk understandable have a nice day

[@haroldkline4898]

"The universe has a unique sense of irony in that you ARE the universe experiencing itself."

[@thomasle3754]

Thank you, I just got a 100 on my test

[@biancapietraa]

Wow😍

[@michallesz2]

The planets that lie between the Sun and Jupiter formed in a different way.

[@e7ebr0w]

it's funny that people say we live in the Sagittarius arm, without realizing the Orion arm is a spur

[@arbitrarydomainii4563]

Great video. Aren't the inner rockies called "terrestrial" and the outer gas giants "Jovian"? I believe I remember that from when I was in elementary school.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Jovian refers specifically to Jupiter, that's coming up soon!

[@arbitrarydomainii4563]

Professor Dave Explains Thank you, professor! Have a great day.

[@michaelpolifka10]

Those gass giants are full of beans.

[@theshadow6962]

3:30 The Venus' revolution is wrong... While every planet revolves around the sun in anticlockwise manner, Venus revolves in the clockwise direction. Right??

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

No, you're thinking of its rotation, not its orbit.

[@theshadow6962]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains Ohhhhhh...... Alright, I got it, i was really confused about it, and now i understood everything. Thanks!

[@gaboelexo]

You actually made me cry lol

[@ericdentry9236]

so a supreme being didn't magic it into existence ?

[@sci-fi1998]

Sir,I recently create my channel and can i use your video to explain in our language

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

No, I don't allow others to use my content. Just submit subtitles on my video!

[@sci-fi1998]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains ok👍👍

[@ermiyaprasad8606]

Hai Mr dave,what is your country ...

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

america

[@mercelvergas4521]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains are a astrology teacher

[@azzharuddinqureshi380]

I understood Heavy element came on solor system form supernova of other dieing star 2. Most of element on earth and my body came from dust of died stsr.

[@williamchamberlain2263]

Yep - lots of stardust, walking around and making friends

[@danigamer3274]

Yes, that is right