The Largest Impact Crater on the Planet; Hidden in Australia, The Deniliquin Structure

[@seanstuchbery]

as someone who lives near deniliquin, it really is a big hole

[@mattjns]

🥁

[@IXcrispyXI]

as someone who lives near that outer ring, i can confirm not much is different here also

[@fins59]

Deniliquin is not happy that you called it a big hole.

[@waaggzz2871]

was there about 20 years ago building a shearing shed... i would imagine not much has changed.

[@emphatik2067]

I also live very close and can confirm anything that was here was obliterated ages ago haha

[@DuckReach432]

As we find evidence of more ancient impact craters, it seems remarkable that life on Earth even survived.

[@unicornvenom420]

As corny as it sounds, life has always found a way. It’s why I wouldn’t be entirely surprised if life has fitted and formed to thrive literally anywhere. Where we deem livable, we have species that deem it unsafe. The opposite could be the same for us, but we’re arrogant and believe it HAS to breath O2.

[@lawrencedoliveiro9104]

There are those who say that the Universe is somehow “fine-tuned” for life. What nonsense. If it were “fine-tuned”, life would not be clinging precariously to one insignificant pebble in the middle of nothingness, and coming within a whisker of total extinction every now and then.

[@theirishviking9278]

Earth has had about 5 extinction events that killed anywhere from 70%-97% of all life on the planet From memory it was 2 asteroids, 2 ice ages, and a change in the ocean killing most things living in it

[@tatotaytoman5934]

@@lawrencedoliveiro9104 Yeah, the majority of the universe is extremely inhospitable to literally anything, its a miracle we even live on this planet

[@Shivian124]

It's not remarkable *something* survives... once you factor in the timescales, there's plenty of time for new ecosystems to form etc.

[@WaltzingBilly]

As an Aussie, I find it awesome that Kermit the Frog shows so much interest to my homeland

[@DoomKid]

...lmfao

[@richardirmler435]

Gold

[@RWB1111]

😂😂

[@kermitthehermit9588]

It’s a fascinating place

[@Revan41411]

😂

[@johno9507]

That Deniliquin 'impact crater' is actually from hundreds of Utes (pick ups for our US mates) from the annual Ute muster doing donuts in the paddock. 🙂🇦🇺

[@JustSomeRando1331]

Bringing my Ute from Leeton. See you there

[@DidIhurturfeelings]

All the wankers in Australia you mean?? BnS losers.

[@chrismiddleton9088]

LOL

[@diannealdridge7858]

Now I'm playing Thunderstruck in my head 😂

[@BuzzNuttz001]

You must be from QLD

[@jeffersonwagner6706]

Some scientists think this is a Cambrian crater, but Ediacaran biota was discovered in that region, therefore it is probably the crater that ended the Snow Ball Earth glaciation.

[@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx]

The late Precambrian was very in terms of glaciation. Aside from the Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations (Snowball Earth events), there's some evidence that glaciaition was already significant before the 2 monstrous glaciations occurred. After those 2, there were a bunch of short-lived but intense glaciations such as the Gaskiers glaciaitions, the Facquier glaciations, and the Baykonurian glaciation. The latter may have kickstarted the Cambrian explosion!

[@mikepotter4109]

I always saw snowball earth as a pendulum swing, a leveling off, still do, adding extinction level events to that is a whole different level of thought, brilliant really dude. Thank you!

[@billcarruth8122]

Asteroids giveth, and asteroids taketh away.

[@Dragrath1]

@@mikepotter4109 The multiple glaciations do have the properties of a pendulum in the sense of the system overcorrecting to reach the threshold for deglaciation via greenhouse gas acclimation as you need to overcome the ice albedo effect and the ice inhibiting carbon dioxide drawdown. At least for the intervals of the Neoproterozoic glaciations we do know that there was significant volcanism involved most notably the Franklin Large Igneous Province that was part of the overall break up of Rodina and occurred right before or around the start of the Sturtian glaciation. Some work has suggested that the opening of this new Ocean basin via flood basalts may have provided the conditions which allowed aerobic life to for the first time in Earth's history colonize the open ocean (Pelagic) environments rather than being restricted to costal and freshwater environments.

[@Dragrath1]

Do you have sources on the locations where Ediacaran biota have been recovered within the crater candidate zone? If true this absolutely places hard age limits which would rule out a Cambrian Ordovician or Silurian age due to the geological law of superposition.

[@clarkh4133]

I am Australian and have a sub major in geography. I studied this area in university, but all formal papers suggested that is was a gigantic inland ocean and nothing more. Connecting the dots from a surface level…. This is a compelling video. Thanks for the content

[@kirstyblack3432]

I live in Deniliquin. Have lived there for 14 years and I did not know about this. Thanks for the heads up. I want to learn more.

[@wizrom3046]

Were you there when the asteroid hit? It would be good to get your first hand account of how it wiped out the Jurassic Bogan Eshays

[@lawrencedoliveiro9104]

@@wizrom3046 There was no city. It was all orange groves back then.

[@thennicke]

​@@wizrom3046eshays never really evolved in that part of the country due to a near lack of public transport, but the bogan population is vibrant and diverse. Each year the bogans come together with their utes in a natural spectacle and complex mating ritual that scientists have termed the "Deniliquin ute muster".

[@wizrom3046]

@@thennicke ... ahh yes I think I saw Attenborough cover that nature event

[@thennicke]

@@wizrom3046 Truly one of the great wonders of the world

[@CAMacKenzie]

As for the lack of iridium spike, if the object which fell were a stony meteor, with little or no metal, or made of volatiles, there would be negligable iridium in it and there should be no spike.

[@juliane__]

This is possible. It is besides the fast weathering why stony meteorites are hard to detect.

[@Dragrath1]

It should be noted that Ordovician sediments have been shown to have a spike in Osmium and Helium 3 along with a sharp uptick in the rate of fossil meteorites (which are meteorite falls where the meteor becomes buried and re-mineralized over geological time) . Osmium is another rare platinum group metal so suggestive of an extraterrestrial impact event We also know that the bulk of these meteorites that fell at an increased rate since this time(they remain the most common meteorites to fall ever since) were a specific class of L Chondrites which due to their distinctive and well dated shocked quartz grains were part of a ~150+ km parent body asteroid which experienced a cataclysmic collisional break up event468 ± 0.3 million years ago in the main asteroid belt. Additionally based on the observations of the Kepler space telescope of what appear to be comparable events around other stars it has been noted that the peculiarities of the Ordovician periods Andean-Saharan Ice Age which some work claims to have evidence to suggest the glaciation had begun before the corresponding carbon dioxide drop rather than after as is seen with other glaciation events. In effect this would have worked as a result of the debris infalling from out beyond the orbit of Mars in a collisional cascade both pummeling the inner planets and as it falls within their respective orbits obscuring a few percent of sunlight. If a big chunk of the L chondrite parent body of the impactor which smashed into it hit the Earth that could do it. That said I personally suspect the age is much older than estimates if as someone pointed out Ediacaran biota have been recovered from this region which should have been obliterated by any such impact that would at the minimum age require any impactor to be no younger than around ~600 Ma in the Neoproterozoic based on the geologic law of superposition.

[@adriennefloreen]

That is exactly what I was thinking - is there a something else layer?

[@andrewfleenor7459]

Yeah, my first thought was "comet".

[@jigglie8077]

@@andrewfleenor7459 exactly. something basically just rock and a little metal. but imagine the size to make it through the atmosphere to impact!

[@Myne1001]

I like how throughout this video he keeps showing clips of the desert which is not near the location of this impact crater lol

[@DoomKid]

The desert footage is from Coober Pedy or Broken Hill maybe, way northwest of the red circle in the video. I don't get it, is this AI generated?

[@osasunaitor]

​@@DoomKid It's just that non-Australians don't have such a precise knowledge of the Australian landscapes. Anything inland is just "outback desert kangaroos" for most people

[@theapexsurvivor9538]

@@osasunaitor yep, even though it'd take 30 seconds to drop a pin on google maps and see either fields of grain/pasture or scrub/bush there, depending on where you decide to drop the pin, hell, I think the larger one might even have some alpine forests inside it. Personally I'd go with the bush you can see on the Cobb highway, seeing as that's a little more picturesque than the brown fields on the other side of Deniliquin, though some pics of the Edward river wouldn't be inappropriate either. Admittedly, it does extend out to near Wentworth iirc, so it could have a bit of the great red dustbowl in it, if not in that direction then maybe more north east of there. Both the rings and the desert Are pretty big. Still, farms and scrub would be better images for it.

[@biosparkles9442]

@@DoomKid I don't know if much stock footage of Deniliquin exists, to be fair

[@MikkellTheImmortal]

I was watching Anton Petrove's video on this last night. If I'm remembering what he said correctly, he said the second ring is like a ripple ring. Also the date of impact would have been during the "Borring Billion" era. Some scientist are already hypothesing that this impact killed most of the Nautiloid species bring the entire phylum to complete extinction. Fortunately for them the phylum survived and evolved into squid, cuttlefish and octopus. Considering the amount of media coverage this is getting I can see a definitive answer being given fairly soon (soon in science speek, not normal soon. Lol)

[@earkittycat]

Anton petrov my beloved

[@keepmoving1185]

He’s a hack who thinks everything is a conspiracy

[@madeovstarstuff]

​@@keepmoving1185 oh 😮

[@MikkellTheImmortal]

@@keepmoving1185 you have no idea who we're talking about than.

[@lucycarin]

@@keepmoving1185mr anton seems very genuine and a father who’s son died recently, you seem to be talkin about someone else

[@Rodger_Phillips]

Okay this is a head spin to think I spent most of my life in an Impact Creator older than Dinosaurs, looking at the circle it also kind of make sense as to how the landscape in that area is. Driving through it as I did to move to and from Brisbane to my home town west of Melbourne, I would drive most of the Journey through the crater before getting halfway through NSW. I would always pass through Nerrandera and West Wylong before stopping for a rest in Forbes and then Parkes, due to heritage and the Observatory in Parkes before overnighting in Coonabarabran because of the Anglo-Australian Telescope at Siding Springs Observatory, My wife and I love Astronomy.

[@Tryinglittleleg]

Scone resident here!

[@xwhite2020]

Be warned this guy finds massive impact craters everywhere looks. The confirmation bias is off the charts.

[@MrRobertson45]

Exactly. Narrandera is for passing through and that’s it

[@afriedrich1452]

The Creator found that Creator Destruction had the most impact on evolutionary advancement.

[@prltqdf9]

@@xwhite2020 Not "this guy", but scientists. Look it up.

[@johnyoung1128]

Fascinating! I have driven across this part of the country a few times and it is absolutely flat, the notion that something of this nature lay underneath never occurred to me. Any surface remnants of this is certainly not evident to my eye anyway. Love your work as usual.

[@timconnors]

When I was a kid living in Bacchus Marsh, I looked around and always imagined we lived in an extinct giant volcano who's rim went all the way around the horizon. With such an old crust, it's easy to imagine anything lies under the surface.

[@craigcorson3036]

@@timconnors *whose. "who's" means "who is".

[@etatsopa]

The parts north of Deni are flat but this ring also takes in the Victorian alps and Kosciusko national park.

[@johnyoung1128]

@@etatsopa And your point is?

[@etatsopa]

@@johnyoung1128 I was responding to the statement “absolutely flat”, don’t burst a blood vessel

[@toasteroven6761]

1:42 Man missed an opportunity to say Wagga Wagga 💀

[@chookinathunderstorm3446]

He did an excellent job pronouncing Denilliquin though.

[@lifestyleblockhead]

Butchered Albury

[@themoonisaharshmistress4847]

​@lifestyleblockhead we Aussies have unique pronunciation, some might say we butcher English with our vernacular. The way Albury is pronounced is all Berry or awl brie depending on local patois which varies slightly from state to state.

[@oopsydaizi3s824]

The place so nice they named it twice ;)

[@lifestyleblockhead]

@@themoonisaharshmistress4847 yeah mate, I’m Australian. The narrator butchered it.

[@BingChilling-d8k]

It’s cool Australia has features like this because the country doesn’t get so much attention in other fields.

[@argustuft2394]

Looking for a modicum of attention yourself to make your lonely existence slightly more bearable, you sad little troll?

[@aarons6935]

95% of the worlds opals come from Australia, the oldest exposed earth is in western Australia, worlds most venomous snake is Australian, Australian aboriginals are the oldest surving culture. Could keep going.

[@asum307]

@@aarons6935Well that’s unfortunate isn’t it.

[@Senyrar]

@@aarons6935 Oldest Rainforest

[@theslicefactor4590]

Drop bears.

[@Hecker9974]

your 5 minute videos feel like 10 minutes, so much detail!

[@defeatSpace]

You never fail to post thought-provoking and interesting content.

[@LoisoPondohva]

A body mainly consistent of ice could explain lack of Iridium if the impact hypothesis turns out likely.

[@GirlyKat9001]

So a comet?

[@LoisoPondohva]

@@GirlyKat9001 probably a fragment, but yeah.

[@juliane__]

No because ice wouldn't survive the entry into the atmosphere.

[@LoisoPondohva]

@@juliane__ it would if it was big enough. A 20km body of ice wouldn't lose even half of it's mass going through the atmosphere. Evaporating ice takes a lot of energy.

[@Dragrath1]

@@juliane__ For a large impactor it would definitely enter the atmosphere since the high relative speed and momentum a comet experiences in the inner solar system would effectively truncate the affects of the atmosphere leading to vaporization occurring simultaneously with the impact with the ground. Unfortunately any comet would also be an undifferentiated body and thus we would expect an enrichment of siderophile elements such as Iridium and and other platinum group metals. Notably work has found Ordovician age sediments with an Osmium spike so any absence of Iridium becomes much more curious since an impact event should cause a spike for all such elements unless the parent body was for some unknown reason chemically depleted in one or more of those elements. Of course if as someone pointed out in the comments Ediacaran biota finds have been recovered from rocks within the potential crater, then the stratigraphic law of superposition in geology sets a hard lower limit for the age of any impact needing to be at least ~600+ million years old.

[@bjscorpio4041]

I never knew I lived on the edge of an impact crater.

[@wesknitter407]

You Don;t

[@letsseeif]

I live in Melbourne and I'll never take life for granted again. Thanks for the research video.

[@888jucu]

I think for Melbournites it would be instant and painless 👍🤣

[@letsseeif]

thanks. And agree.@@888jucu

[@Makeshiftjunkbox]

Port Phillip Bay looks like a crater!

[@immagical7036]

The fact that objects that have crashed into earth have been so large and crashed with such velocity that they have created not one impact crater but *two* is completely bonkers and incredible

[@vipertwenty249]

If this feature is indeed buried under 10000 metres of later deposits then a series of 10km + deep boreholes would be needed to very the presence or absence of shocked quartz and iridium. Best get your bucket and spade out - looks like this is going to take a while.

[@tdb7992]

We seem to get a lot of strange stuff hitting us. My local museum has a heap of Space Lab that crashed into Western Australia. One guy in NSW went outside one morning and found a bit of a SpaceX rocket sticking up out of the ground. A piece of an Indian booster washed up on a beach just near me a few weeks ago, too.

[@Morganasnotarobot0]

Take care YAll never know what's flying and falling thanks for your comment.

[@GenZedsMother]

Ahh I saw that on the news when they didn’t know what it was washed up on the beach. Thanks for the update.

[@ImFieldy]

keep in mind non ozzies that "just down the road" to a local might be a 3 hr drive.

[@ellaeadig263]

Well done on pronouncing Deniliquin correctly.

[@tommysmith5479]

Am I the only one who couldn't see a circle in that geo-magnetic image?

[@lordsrednuas]

The problem with very old geology like that, is all the other geology that keeps on happening on top and underneath. It is very hard to see, mostly because it is so old, it's mostly borne out in the data analysis, images like that can help with human visualisation, but it's no more the actual data than the colourised images of the sun's x-ray output. The big visual clue is the isolated very high magnetic bit right next to a circular low magnetism bit

[@tommysmith5479]

@@lordsrednuas I don't doubt that there was an impact crater. But the video said you could see a circle.... I really couldn't see any such thing.

[@lordsrednuas]

@@tommysmith5479 that's fair

[@gibbogle]

I could see the circle drawn on the image, but nothing corresponding to it in the image.

[@lgerback34]

Kinda wild to think I was born and raised inside this possible impact crater. Shepparton represent!

[@beechboromusic]

Sheppresent!

[@DoomKid]

Shepparton is a lovely town

[@kermitthehermit9588]

@@DoomKid Didn’t it hold the title of “meth capital of Australia” at one point?

[@timenscoe7812]

Would love to know the age of the great dividing range in comparison to the impact crater it’s always seemed odd that the mountain range almost disappeared but the watershed continued almost the South Australian border

[@Jimmysidecarr]

Awesome! Love this channel!

[@tarnocdoino3857]

A question I always have asked when these kinds of impact craters are found is this: where was this land mass at the time? With continental drift, what was the approximate longitude and latitude of this area at the time?

[@unicornvenom420]

Twould help you figure out what the most hit regions of the planet and how far back the proper timeline for events as such are

[@phil_in_sydney]

Good question

[@libertyordeaf]

Assuming projections of the Pangean supercontinent are reasonably accurate, I make it about 90 east and 50 south, or south-east of modern Madagascar.

[@ValeriePallaoro]

There's over a 100 million timeframe too, so even more difficult to spacially orient it on the globe.

[@ralsharp6013]

The land down under is very underrated as far as history goes very interesting thanks..

[@LukiferXX]

Fascinating. I have visited Deni many times growing up as my grandmother lived there. Being a geonerd and learning this is cool

[@erinw6120]

Whilst looking over maps of the wildfires in Canada, I noticed a circular formation about 150km across in north central Alberta, just north-northeast of Fort Vermilion. At first glance, from directly above, it looks like a crater, but on the elevation profile, it's 918m at the "peak", where the surrounding "rim" is 300-490m. I looked through your video history for any mention of it, but didn't find any. Any idea what this oddity is, and if there's any plan to cover it? Love your brief, but information-dense coverage of geology!

[@phoenix042x7]

You're referring to the Caribou Mountains area. It's a Plateau (raised area of land) in north central Alberta. Doing some quick looking around I didn't see anything particularly conclusive, but Alberta does have a Geological Survey page you can look at. But If I had to throw my undergrad degree in geology at it, I'd hazard a guess that it represents what is left of a granite province exposed at the surface. This would essentially be the scoured remains of a solidified underground magma chamber (think a dome of lower rock pushing up through the layer of rock around it) which has been brought to the surface and ground down by glaciers. It remains higher than the surrounding terrain because the granite minerals that make it up are harder and more difficult to erode than what is around it. I'm guessing that there's a map somewhere on that Alberta Geological Survey site that will show the bedrock composition map... don't be surprised if it is all granite there. Exposed lava dome structures are the bane of existence for the hopeful Google Earth impact structure hunter : )

[@MCNarret]

Maybe glaciers?

[@juliane__]

@@phoenix042x7 It consists of cretaceous shale and tertiary deposits on top. So no exposed granite magma chamber. But whethered down uplands. It looks like it was raised because of the filling of a magma chamber or due to other means like uplift. Further, a magma chamber this size would be a batholith and the area is not listed as one. Sorry for popping your bubbles.

[@phoenix042x7]

@@juliane__ No bubbles popped at all! I was in between busy work when I commented and hadn't had time to look up the actual maps on this one to know for sure, so I made a haphazard educated guess purely on appearance. The clarification is appreciated!

[@Athyxion]

its nothing.

[@Ricardo_Moto]

Al-burry 😂 Seriously though, very intersting

[@scillyautomatic]

Very cool, as always!

[@liamredmill9134]

Very interesting,appreciate your take on this newly discovered ancient event

[@Morganasnotarobot0]

LOVE ALL HIGHEST CREATIONS GLORIOUS! 🙌🙌🙌🙌

[@mikepotter4109]

Incredibly cool

[@WhiskeyShred]

Wow I’m watching this from the edge of that circle in Mildura, Victoria

[@davidbozanovs1620]

Nice Joey shot at the end

[@BigPerspective]

This explains a lot the people over in deni do seem a few thousand years behind

[@DoomKid]

I never expected to hear Mossgiel mentioned in a popular YT video. I got kinda lost on some dirt backroads around there early this year.. it's a fascinating part of the world

[@davidwood2387]

You tube is in its own violation.

[@jeremypaluck4246]

Great video. Thanks for putting an honest scale into work for representation of the mass extinctions.

[@JamesSmith-ui2hv]

How about Melbourne , some of the beaches are surrounded by rocks that look like melted rocks (Sandringham beach) and if you go driving inland to the suburbs you notice the roads up and down like gigantic ripples or waves which point to one centre of a huge circle , was there a volcano crater or the impact of a meteorite?

[@l214laus]

Down near the waterline at Williamstown are volcanic molten bubbles.

[@EarthquakeSim]

Wow! I don’t know why I assumed it was the Chicxulub impact crater 🙂I guess there is so much history I’m still not aware of 🙂 thank you!

[@somerandomperson6511]

If this is a real crater then chicxulub i believe would be the *third* largest impact crater, because Vredefort is the current largest confirmed crater

[@Kevin-ht1ox]

I don't see it. This looks like one of those situations where artistic license is being used to graph the "crater" evidence on a map.

[@chrissscottt]

Could the impact have been a large comet with relatively little iridium?

[@DeannaGilbert616]

That’s my thinking.

[@paulfri1569]

Maybe full of Gold 🪙

[@dogprowilhelm7630]

If it was a comet, it might not result in a mantel plume. High KE events can result in mantel plumes and inertia is the key.

[@kalebjames2292]

​@@paulfri1569massive gold region all within that area :0

[@rokljhui864]

The thumbnail has a circle the size of Europe.

[@GarfieldofBorg]

If this is definitely an impact crater, then it is possible, and very much likely, that the impacting meteor (or comet) contained little to no iridium. Unless, of course, the lack of iridium is due to the half-life decay of certain elements of the Periodic Table.

[@cryntolov9856]

Iridium decays into platinum which then decays into gold, take a look into aussie history and then you'll learn that our country is absolutely famous for gold mining especially in victoria. good chance that the meteor could have been absolutely chockers with iridium which went through two stages of decay (Iridium

[@Morganasnotarobot0]

👍

[@pratyushkumarray756]

Can you please do a video on the different methods in a geologist's arsenal do verify such discoveries, like you mentioned shatter cones and iridium spikes. What such methods are there?

[@Chacanger]

@GeologyHub, I know in the past you mentioned how hotspots or flood basalts sometimes appeared approximately on the opposite side of the world where an impact event occurred, is there one on the opposite side to this one?

[@absalomdraconis]

I think that would have been in deep ocean.

[@Chacanger]

@@absalomdraconis I found an antipode map that shows where it is and it's position seems to be quite near to the Azores hot spot.

[@lachyt5247]

@@absalomdraconis And that region of crust likely would have completely subducted. But the timeline does line up with the late ordovonian mass extinction.

[@genuinetuffguy1854]

Very interesting…thanks for the analysis! My next question would be: could it have been a celestial object lacking iridium?

[@JamieSteam]

Yes, an icy comet or metallic asteroid could have minimal iridium.

[@Dragrath1]

@@JamieSteam Actually a metallic asteroid would have basically all the iridium since Iridium is a siderophile element, The Iridium works because for any undifferentiated impactor which is anything not a chunk of a shattered planet/dwarf planet since their siderophile elements haven't been able to sink to the core. Thus any comet or undifferentiated chondrite should by definition produce a spike of these siderophile elements even if these rare elements were a minor constituent of their bulk composition. SO the only things which can be ruled out(if this timing is indeed correct) is an undifferentiated (whether a comet or asteroid)or metallic asteroid. Of course there has actually been a positive result for a spike of another siderophile element Osmium for the Ordovician which is interesting. More data needed was one measurement faulty or could there have been some chemical quirk where an impactor was depleted in Iridium? (The choice of Iridium over other platinum group siderophile elements is historical convention related to the Chicxulub impact discovery)

[@paulfri1569]

​@@JamieSteama gold comet?

[@charleswake44]

Looks like you need to team up with OzGeographics on this one.

[@LimeBoy-oo6ph]

As someone who lives here why tf didn't they report on this? I swear I found out more about Australia from foreign KZbinrs and media than anywhere else.

[@awumbe]

Could someone clarify to me what's the actual relationship between the lack of magnetic minerals (compared with the surrounding areas), and the happening of the impact? How can the latter cause this feature?

[@lordsrednuas]

There are two main things that can change magnetism in rocks naturally, temperature and physical shock. In fact you can play around with the shock side of things yourself fairly easily, get yourself an iron bar, and hit an end really hard, you will make it into a magnet (not a very strong one but still a magnet), hit it again and you will de-magnetise it. While the magnetism found in most rock layers isn't so easy to manipulate (due to the lower concentration of magnetic particles), a meteorite is a much bigger hammer. Heat on the other hand tends to de-magnetise, melt your magnets and when they cool they won't be magnets anymore. Big impacts obviously create a bunch of heat, a whole lot of rock gets vaporised, but it's still pretty warm outside of that area. So we have an interplay of a big shockwave magnetising everything, and a wave of heat de-magnetising everything. And it turns out the physical shockwave tends to be significant a bit further than the heat, giving us a nice ring of high magnetism around a low magnetism zone.

[@Lucidfilth]

Me sobbing staying almost inside the Vredefort crater. Mine use or be the biggest. 😩🤣

[@tomallen5837]

I feel like my ride has passed, and now I have to walk home after watching this video. Thank you for the entertainment

[@EricaMTB]

They were trying to kill a spider.

[@itzruckus]

Nah mate, Spiders are friendly

[@freshimpactco.8698]

Very nice video, thanks 😊

[@AgnotologyTV]

I am very disappointed by mentioning Albury for east when Wagga Wagga is further east and 10x better a name.

[@AgnotologyTV]

1 year later, forgot I had already watched this, and immediately came back down to comment the same thought and found it posted already. Good job past me.

[@connorwhite2745]

1:43 it’s not Albury as in owl berry, is Albury as in wall berry. Aussie here btw lived here my whole life

[@Michael-rg7mx]

Wasn't the area a shallow sea back then?

[@danielflinn3571]

Thanks for sharing

[@Dovietail]

More on this, please!

[@tobys_transport_videos]

Aussie here, if you're going to do videos on anything Australian, *_please_* learn to say our place names properly! You seem to have got Deniliquin right ( a place better known simply as "Denny" and written as "Denni"), but Albury is pronounced as "Allbree" not "Al-berry." If an asteroid struck this part of southern NSW/northern Victoria, please tell me how it is that it is so flat out there? I've driven through that area numerous times, so know something of the topography of the areas from western/north-western Victoria, through to well into southern NSW.

[@kermitthehermit9588]

It’s pronounced All-bree-wah-dong-gah, An Aboriginal word meaning “twin shitholes by the river”

[@stevewhalen6973]

Thanks!

[@grokeffer6226]

Interesting stuff!!

[@rustysworldofentertainment850]

At last, an explanation for that bloody great red line going through my driveway and front yard. It just won't scrub off.

[@hefireymilhim6151]

I’m happy australia has a spotlight in something

[@cluelessbeekeeping1322]

I have a question or maybe request... How much CO2 did Mt. St. Helen's, Mt. Pinatubo, & Tonga pump out? Dude, I frigg'n LOVE your channel!

[@TheDanEdwards]

Google it!

[@b.a.erlebacher1139]

I can't answer for these particular eruptions, but it's estimated that CO2 from all vulcanism averages about 6% of the total CO2 emitted by human activity annually. The Hunga Tonga eruption drove a lot of water into the upper atmosphere where it acts as a greenhouse gas, but the overall effect was probably very small and transient.

[@blueconversechucks]

I am just an ignorant layman but wouldn't 500 million years of continental drift cause the circle to be malformed?

[@alexmottley8890]

Not an ignorant question at all, and the answer can be both yes and no. I'm by no means an expert so take it with a grain of salt. It depends where the crater is and many variables. If it falls on or very near a fault line (meeting of tectonic plates) then it is quite possible for deforming to occur. Australia doesn't have any fault lines running through it, so it's unlikely that continental drift would deform a crater. Wind, rain and erosion will 'hide' it. But the evidence and 'structure' will remain mostly the same

[@paulfri1569]

Australia is in the middle of a Continental plate.. So less distortion I guess 🤔

[@twotone3471]

For Iridium to be a big deal, the Impactor would have to contain it. We know some meteroites are indeed metallic and solid. But we also know that some aren't. The bigger issue is that the area has been tectonically active since the impact, so the crater would likely not be perfectly round, even at it's reported size.

[@pantonman]

There are large iridium mines east of Ouyen in Victoria at Kulwin and Mittyack, 220 km north west of Deniliquin. By large I mean they are very large open cut mines running north west to south east. Easily visible on Goggle Earth. Other iridium open cut mines at Kanagulk, Victoria, 230 km south of Ouyen.

[@juliane__]

These are for certain not associated with an impact. They mine platnium group metals in general, not just iridium. Iridium is always a by product at these kind of mines.

[@guessologist9636]

Yeah nah these are your stock standard strandline heavy mineral sands deposits you get pretty much globally, nothing to do with elements derived from space rocks.

[@calculator1841]

2:21 that caption was NOT on the screen long enough, I only got the first half and I'm a speed reader

[@whiteknightcat]

Just came here to say that I noted the town of Wagga Wagga on the map. That's Wagga Wagga.

[@joebloggs619]

That's not just Wagga. It's Wagga Wagga. The Waga Waggians are not going to let anybody forget them and make sure you get their town name right. WAGGA WAGGA, mate...

[@warpdriveby]

Could an impactor low in iridium content be formed from the event that smoothed Mars' northern hemisphere? It's iridium and heavier elements settled as well, and we have found pieces of Mars on earth. It's not exactly a stretch to imagine that as a possibility and a reason not to give undue weight to the absence of a known deposit layer associated.

[@ScabbyMcKniel]

I’d love to see if this has anything to do with uluru being “buried” the way it is

[@troyanstone65]

That's where my mind went too.

[@emmaharvie4728]

Great footage and respect to the person 🕊️ one never knows when in the water so be safe ❤

[@jayjaynella4539]

I have never understood as a biologist and practicing chemist, why people get so upset about a species going extinct when dozens of natural events have wiped out 99.999999% of all species that ever went extinct.

[@OutbackCatgirl]

we mostly get upset when it's not caused by a natural event but demonstrably by human activity - poaching, logging or habitat destruction, etc. most things will go extinct but to know our own species majorly contributed to an early demise absolutely sucks Thylacines are one example where, even though the species was likely in a slow decline, settlers absolutely hastened their extinction beyond any doubt.

[@lordsrednuas]

People die of natural causes every day, I still find murder objectionable. The vast majority of extinction events we see, are human caused

[@Staffii1]

The pronunciation of our towns hurt my soul.

[@LDrosophila]

great content fascinating and horrifying at the same time

[@ThomasistheTwin]

The Pacific Basin has left chat...

[@marz9157]

Great insight

[@420Stoner66]

It would be interesting to find out if there is a massive chunk embedded underneath. Or how an impact this size may have effected the continental shelf....I hope it is confirmed and more study is thrown at it.

[@dennisenright9347]

What are the piles of white material beside the road at 4.28 of the video

[@OutbackCatgirl]

my guess is limestone or similar forms of rock, either dug up by people or through natural processes - the red dirt is mostly due to iron oxide here in oz but a lot of the continent was ocean bed in the distant past, dead corals and shells commonly form limestone and similar. Take this with a huge grain of salt though i could be completely wrong

[@paulfri1569]

​@@OutbackCatgirlis this why Australia has the most Iron Ore deposits on earth?

[@planetdisco4821]

Huh. Absolutely amazing. Know all of this country extremely well from bushwalking and camping there etc. interestingly along what appears to be the south eastern section of the outer ring there is a large magnetic anomaly in the great dividing range near the mount feather top and dinner plains area that messes with compass bearings. I’ve always wondered why. Maybe it’s because of this!

[@l214laus]

You get the compass business out from Falls Creek, at Basalt Temple if my memory is correct? Been at least twenty years since I have been there, sort of near Wallace Hut.

[@planetdisco4821]

@@l214laus yes! That whole area around the range that had a (polite cough) somewhat racially insensitive name until surprisingly recent times.

[@l214laus]

@@planetdisco4821 I’m unaware of the name you are referring to but I’ll survive quite well with my ignorance. Anyway, terrific country there for walks, skiing and other activities.

[@planetdisco4821]

They were called The Niggerheads believe it or not. Just on the eastern side of the Kiewa River valley….

[@planetdisco4821]

@@l214laus still got the maps lying around somewhere. The magnetic anomaly region is listed on them. If I find it I’ll post it here 👍🏻

[@FredPilcher]

Wow! Amazing!

[@tommyigoe3952]

Fascinating content

[@outthere9370]

Don't ya just love this stuff!

[@PremiereEntertainment]

Whats a mile?

[@Slavicplayer251]

i thought bedout was a unlikely potential crater

[@Danin4985]

Can you see the common thread in all these extinction events? The Ordovician extinction was caused probably by this massive impact in Australia. The Permian extinction was probably caused by the giant asteroid strike in Antarctica (Wilkes Land crater) coupled with the antipodal volcanism in Siberia, the K-T extinction was caused by the Chixculub Asteroid with the antipodal volcanism in India (the Deccan traps). If you see the graph that shows these mass extinction spikes, there is a periodicity to these events. Perhaps caused by earth and the solar system’s passing through some region, or some extra terrestrial body regularly passing close to the solar system, disturbing the Oort Cloud or the Asteroid belt.

[@RichardFelstead1949]

I live in Albury which is pronounced "All-Bury".

[@kermitthehermit9588]

It’s pronounced ‘awberry’ like strawberry without the ST 🍓

[@joebloggs619]

Thank God I'm unlikely to end up buried in Albury...

[@alessandrodesalvo9111]

Excellent video. About the absence of the iridium or in general the typical stratoes of extraterrestrial materials as K-Pg limit, what if the Impactor was a comet?

[@wyvolf]

I’m so sorry Geo, but the way you pronounced Albury made me giggle ❤❤, for any future reference it’s like “All-bree” :33 (am Aussie)

[@ThatOpalGuy]

I wonder what the likelihood is of this event contributing to the formation of australias opal fields.

[@connorcore7008]

I always understood that to be from a different process - the evaporation of the Eromanga Sea during the Cretaceous

[@justinsmith4562]

Now they’re just making things up

[@creampupp2415]

OMG this is so awesome, i was born in Deniliquin!!

[@deborahduthie4519]

That whole area still receives a thoroughfare of meteor finds that still occurs to this day with Cranbourne area receiving constant recorded hits to this day.

[@paulmcphie1596]

I had to laugh at the stock video that was of places that are 1,000's of kms from Deniliquin.

[@getreal2977]

Doesn't mean that ALL impacters have the same chemical compositions.

[@relwalretep]

Wonder what else it could be apart from an impact crater