The Lost Greek Cities of Central Asia

[@robinannaniaz9670]

I'm an Afghan Turkmen. My dad used to own coins minted in the Helenic kingdoms. He used to say "these coins are over a thousand years old. they come from the great Iskandar". I alwasy thought the coins and sotreis were fake. It's qite mind blowing to find out that he was right

[@sssppp6962]

I'm turkmen from kunduz province which part vof Afghanistan are you from

[@octipuscrime]

Likewise, we were always told we were 'Gujjar' and we come from a place called Gujjarstan (Georgia) with Sikandar the Great then settled where we are which is now north of Pakistan.

[@jabronis33]

They might be worth allot of money if he still has them

[@nickscurvy8635]

@@jabronis33 they are priceless. There's no way to even quantify the historical and humanist value in those coins. But yes there are people who would pay a great deal of money for coins like that. If it were me, I'd regret selling them long before I could spend the money I'd make.

[@NewarkBay357]

@@jabronis33 They are worth an abundant amount of money. Hopefully, you still have them.

[@gododoof]

Greco Bactria is one of the most fascinating anomalies from the Hellenistic period. Such a shame it's ruins are being pillaged like that.

[@Stelios.Posantzis]

What about the Hellenistic Indian kingdoms? I'd like to know more about those too...

[@MiaogisTeas]

What do you expect considering the anti-science and anti-culture barbarians who inhabit much of the area?

[@12bestskater12]

Absolutly. Its a passing thought for me; the image of a hellenic style statue of buddah.

[@srikrishnak196]

@@MiaogisTeas They have de evolved sadly

[@himalayas1647]

@@MiaogisTeas Note this place is where the muslim scientists emerge from. Mongols defeated the khwarezim empire and destroyed the city

[@kristiangustafson4130]

I served in Afghanistan in 12-13. Due to my role and the resources that came with it, I got the opportunity to go to a lot of the old Graeco-Bactrian places, or at least fly over them (the place is dotted with ruins from many periods). Many of the Afghans I talked to were very aware, and proud of, the Greek heritage they inherited (and also claimed as their own). I had an opportunity after a raid to see (seized from the baddies) a beautiful head of Athena about to be trafficked out of the country (and of course this is still probably what happened to it).

[@historyandgenes9991]

They actually have no greek genes

[@konstantinapapaioannou4306]

As a Greek from Greece, I accept all those in Afghanistan who embrace their heritage as cultural siblings. Who am I to stop people from claiming their identity. We are all human after all. I am so fascinated by all these stories and I want to visit this area and see it myself so badly.

[@kristiangustafson4130]

@@historyandgenes9991 can you flag me to something that discusses this?

[@historyandgenes9991]

@@kristiangustafson4130 Kalash people have 0% Greek dna too

[@kristiangustafson4130]

@@historyandgenes9991 okay. Again, show me please where we know this from? Genuinely curious.

[@Izwat]

Iam from the city Kunduz in Afghanistan i took an DNA test it showed i had 26% southern greek affiliation.

[@Progressive2024]

Stay safe!

[@slomo4672]

Still a quarter Greek after 2000 years of intermarriages...

[@duskojowcewski643]

Hahahaha but greeks are new nation, this empire was Macedonian also the dynasties.

[@duskojowcewski643]

@@collin-theonlyandone2299 Hey you u stranger go and found out who are you, which is ur history, we well know who are we and we are proud to be Macedonians.

[@Rhysman30]

@@user-ud7ei6zv7i Uhhh. You had some facts of it until you said Latin is based off Albanian. Latin is rooted from Etruscan who today people know is an Indo-European language, but has no discernable root and is distinct. The Etruscan alphabet was borrowed from Greek, but before you lay claim to that, that is an adaptation of the Pheonician (or more likely, older Caanite) written language. Both being adapted from the Akkadian script. Seeing as how Akkadia dominated south of where the Hittities dominated (who did speak an Indo-European language) and predated that and aegean greeces heavy urbanization by a thousand years, you're way ahead of yourself. How can a country that was created in 1912 be the influence for a language that predates it by over 2000 years? Or modern greece which predates it by 91 years. < This is the logic so many of you are running with. Screaming "GrEeCe FoUnDeD 1821". Who cares? They are a distinct people. Now, even more distinct from Albanians than they were when Albanians were Illyrians. You have claims to nothing. Now you'll talk about genetics. Yes. We know the aegean greeks were a mix of many Anatolian and Illyrian/Dacian peoples (The majority being Doric, who are south Albanians). It's weird to co-opt an ancient culture when it outshines your ancient one entirely. More accurately you belong to them. They are your cousins, yes. But developed a distinct language, culture, and identity. Saying it's yours is like the chinese laying claim to japanese culture. Or the british laying claim to the american one. Stop. Oh, you have a bunch of wierd claims on the entire world. Ok, you're just delusional. Shit, things are weird in the old world.

[@gregoryferraro7379]

The Bactrian Kingdom fascinates me. Always enjoy learning more about it.

[@Keyhan-c8c]

its cus you imagine there been greeks, you actually seek some western history out of it thats why you are calling your self facinated by bakhtrian history. you never been facinated in actual bakhtrian history and style.

[@cheekmcbreek1146]

@@Keyhan-c8c I am pretty sure that Gregory means the Greco-Bacterian Kingdom. And personally, it is more the idea of a vastly different culture in diaspora far away which fascinates me, and probably most other people.

[@userytx]

@@Keyhan-c8c no one asked you to assume anything

[@ramses6163]

Same here, that whole region is reach in history but not studied enough. Wish there was a (great) movie set there

[@Progressive2024]

@@ramses6163 gee I wonder why?

[@larsrons7937]

Alexander wasn't the first to found Greek settlements in Bactria. When the Persians expanded their empire and conquered Greek cities they sometimes relocated the population to the far corner of their empire, Bactria. So when Alexander first arrived, Greek culture and numerous Greek settlements had already been there for hundreds of years.

[@The13point1]

False.

[@ub3rfr3nzy94]

@@The13point1 Not false, but hundreds of years is probably wrong, maybe 100 years ish. The Greeks in Anatolia were relocated by the Persian king, this is true. He wanted to build up the eatern part of the empire as it was sort of a backwater.

[@ar15araghi6073]

Very true. History has been somewhat changed inappropriately. Greeks used to work for the Persian empire kings and received salaries in gold coins. Alexander was actually fathered by Persian king and his mother told him you can go and get the Persia because is really yours. He was a drunken idiot who came to Persia without much resistance burned the Persepolis or Pasargod when he was sobered he regretted his stupidity.he decided to go to North where Parts were and East to Afghanistan of today. He was miserably defeated not killed since Persians did not believe in killing wounded. He was taken through Afghanistan of today to the sea of Oman and by the time he got to Egypt of today he died and buried there. Greeks worshiped multiple gods and not a very advanced society. Most of the Greek learning came from Persians associations. Persians were already believing in one God not multiple ones. Greek so called philosophers kept people in darkness saying the earth if flat it was already proven by kharazmy great Persian mathematician the earth is round and measured the circumference of it by math and stars relations. In 18th century finally Galileo proved it in 16th century. These facts are written by German and British historians not Greeks

[@TSZatoichi]

@@ar15araghi6073 - I don't even know where to begin, so I won't even try to correct the staggering number of falsities in your statement. I will however give you a hint about the only things I found to be true and relevant in your post: drunkenness and monotheism. Read a book or something, or barring that, there's plenty of history channels on KZbin that can give you a factual grounding as a place to start. Just do yourself a favor, don't make anymore comments on history channels until you've unlearned all the gobbledygook you've been taught in your Iranian (?) schools.

[@hmldjr]

@@ar15araghi6073 Pulling things out of your ass doesn't make them true.

[@stevebrickshitta870]

One of the most obscure, yet fascinating aspects of Hellenistic history. Thank you for sharing.

[@srfrg9707]

Surely obscure. Even a great deal of the Greeks never heard of it.

[@stevebrickshitta870]

@@srfrg9707 sure, is obscure. The Greeks affected the world so much its hard to be aware of all aspects, but the influence on on some Central Asian, Afghan, Indian art alone is undeniable. Ghandara sculpture is an early, and still one of the high points of art. True beauty was captured here, and without the direct Greek influence, and legacy, it would not have been possible

[@NotSomeJustinWithoutAMoustache]

Good name

[@apoked]

An amazing example of the influence still somewhat exerted by the Greco-Bactrian kingdom is that the modern seal of the central bank of Afghanistan bears the inscription in Greek "ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΕΥΚΡΑΤΙΔΟΥ" which means "Of the great king Eucratides".

[@letXeqX]

Wow, was so surprising had to look it up. fact check - TRUE.

[@sumeru5763]

Find me the word "GREEK" in any so called ancient "GREEK" texts.

[@pgchris87]

​@@sumeru5763 You can find ΓΡΑΙΚΟΣ(GREEK) in ancient texts for example the Parian chronicle, Aristotle, Apollodorus etc. It is simply an older name. It was the Romans that were using that word later in history. The Greeks called themselves Hellens(ΕΛΛΗΝ), at least after the bronze age collapse, and still do to this day.

[@azwris]

@@pgchris87 Bravo Chris!

[@siyacer]

​@@sumeru5763???

[@michaelhoffmann2891]

How refreshing these video are! No annoying soundtrack that makes other "documentaries" feel like Spielberg spectacles. No superfluous, sensationalist speculation. Awaiting your book to be available in Australia (or rather not be delayed until some time in the 25th century, due to global shipping shortages)

[@michaelhoffmann2891]

PS: right on cue, got a notification: shipment should arrive by October 21.

[@Stelios.Posantzis]

Spot on! I couldn't put my finger on it exactly but you have and did so very eloquently and so rightly!

[@michaelhoffmann2891]

@@Stelios.Posantzis Thanks! I was going for Alexandrinian verse with perfect hexameter/pentameter, but I am no Ovid! 😁Alliteration is all I could offer.

[@Stelios.Posantzis]

@@michaelhoffmann2891 lol

[@johannvonvictornova4730]

"maybe it was space aliens"

[@kaloarepo288]

There are ruins of Greek cities in Afghanistan 40 miles from the Chinese border.

[@Spoon80085]

Crazy how a tiny peninsula off of another peninsula in Europe spread its culture across the entire known world

[@rodrikofharlaw6848]

@@Spoon80085 War is a hellva drug

[@MiaogisTeas]

@@rodrikofharlaw6848 Yeah... War. Not a vast and complex philosophy, protoscience, language and writing systems that allowed thoughts and history to be preserved, superior cultural practices of bathing regularly, a culture which stressed both individual agency and duty to the city as a citizen, beautiful art and material culture. Just war. Only one thing is the answer. 😉

[@duskojowcewski643]

Macedonian* you are living in lie. Ancient Macedonians were no greeks, greeks are new nation created by Germans/Bavarians 1832, go and check it.

[@rodrikofharlaw6848]

@@MiaogisTeas No, war alone brought that system from small greece to far away india. And despite all the things you listed none of them aided in the greco states lasting much behind Christ.

[@konstantinapapaioannou4306]

I am Greek and I want to visit Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan so badly and see this for myself - that is, if there is any of it left anymore... I am always fascinated to read old Greek on columns and memorials. Like Rosetta stone, for example, it gave me goose bumps, because, well, I could understand a big chunk of it, make out words and sentences, and it was written more than 2,100 years ago. Imagine managing to read something like this in Uzbekistan. Damn. I'm just wondering why I did not become an archaeologist, I'm so fascinated by all of that. What am I doing with my life.

[@MAKDavid-1]

Well ISTAN Bull is ISTANI like UzbekISTAN,AfgHANISTAN…meaning AlekSanDer MacDon could be a Greek for this names have ZERO meaning in Greek language who had no Horse or Cavalry meaning AlekSanDer MacDon was a Sian-Scythian who counteract the AchæMENid army who has gathered a army of 1.000.000 to attack Sian-Scythian tribal coalition through CaucaSIAN or it’s a fictional adoption like many others things in Greeko copy cat culture for Zulu warfare didn’t work out in Sian land which something that later Romans have learned very well.

[@konstantinapapaioannou4306]

@@MAKDavid-1 No. Uneducated, low level opinion.

[@MAKDavid-1]

@Shy Cracker CONSTANTA in current Romania was built by Saka-Scythians and CONSTANTLY was inhabited by the long before CONSTANThyne was born or CONSTANTHynople was built.From them came SakSon and it was them who established ISTANI culture in Hindu Kush area and it’s Hungarian version Gothic word people of Gad,God,Gott,Goth.Yakutsk is still called Saka meaning this Greeko-Jewish Orthodox fictions went so far that they are trying to find Greeks amongst people that where never Greeks far beyond Mediterranean where SeaPeople didn’t live. Galonian or Helonian are just another of many examples where Scythians where branded somewhat Greek because they spoke more then one language which is a absurdity since unlike Mediterranean cultures people on the steppe did speak many languages rather then a singular language and assumed that of someone would have learned Greek language it meant that it was Greek is as branding every English speaker as English even do even English doesn’t identify themselves as Gelish. Greek-Jewish Orthodox stories false apart completely since the stories of they are not even remotely related to them for both claims to have tens of thousands of chariots and cavalry while in reality they had none since this evolved in Scythian land and without Cavalry AlekSanDer MacDon story falls apart as well for Zulu type of warfare didn’t work in A Sian-Scythian land and like in case of AlekSanDer or H ÉLén and A Lán the stories where CaucaSIAN in origins where AchæMENid have attacked Sian-Scythian tribal alliance with its army of 1.000.000 and AL Bani (Not Shqiptars living in BaLKHan) have defended the CaucaSIAN passage called by us as Gate of Heaven or Gate of HeLL by southerns who are the same as The Banise meaning group that later became S Parthian (SPartan) where the defence was led by ALán meaning The Lion hence the name in the story of LeoniDas or Das Lion in later Greek sources that could identify the source even or story before adopting a narrative.AchæMENid after claiming a victory in they records they retreated via CaucaSIAN and they empire collapsed and where conquered by band of Sian-Scythian and was renamed Per Sian land just as A Sia meaning The Scythia and arguably this is the event from which AlekSanDer MacDon stories originate from since if he wouldn’t have been Greek by any stretch or form who according to Greek narrative fought against Per Sian not AchæMENid then he should have attacked Sian-Scythian centre in the North just as AchæMENid tried where compared to Greeko-Jewish Orthodoxy who are of a Mediterranean Merchant origins Le Van T holds no cultural significance but to us it does hence Iraq would have been kept as a centre of the culture in small Asia or Middle East compared to Orthodoxy who would have shift it towards Mediterranean they cultural centre. One doesn’t need that much of intelligence just bit of honesty to realise that Kalash people are Sian-Scythian who are more closer related to Kalashnikov invented then any Greeks who might have been in touch with Scythians like Jews but where not Sian or Me Sianic group where hair style is a typical for MonGolia part was used in Western ManGaL aka Scythian groups.Kalash people are at least honest that Greeks are trying to bribe them to jump on a train where they pronounce themselves as Greeks since they ego can’t allow a group that could be somehow linked with MacDon and not being Greek.

[@__Man__]

Greek ruins are preserved in Afghanistan, since it no longer contains something like statue, only Greek-style bulding and archs

[@MAKDavid-1]

@@__Man__ What makes something Greek?CONSTANTA was built by Saka-Scythians long before CONSTANThyne was born or CONSTANTHynople was built and they never called themselves Greeks . ISTANI civilisation was also established by Saka and Yakutsk still trace a Saka origins and SakSon traced it as well and none called themselves GREEKS for a good reason for none of them where Greeks.

[@bc7138]

That Bactrian gold coin looks highly impressive when you compare it to the coinage portaits of the later Roman empire and Byzantine coins.

[@thessop9439]

THE CHAD BACTRIAN GOLD VS THE VIRGIN ROMAN COPPER

[@mathtonight1084]

When comparing various numistatic examples in my history books, I always thought coinage from the Augustan era was the "neatest" of the examples, but I continue to see examples of Greek coinage from the Hellenistic period that come very close

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

@@mathtonight1084 - Sicilian coins of the 4th/3rd centuries BC will give everyone a run for their money.

[@retrogamermax8287]

@@thessop9439 Lol!

[@jonathansoko5368]

@@sirrathersplendid4825 fam you realize sicily was just an island for others to take tho right ? They have no indigenous history

[@kingofbosnia2500]

This channel is completely underrated. Absolutely amazing content, I truly wish more people would get to see your videos.

[@kokobedima]

Only those who search can find the truth.

[@Peter-xg5fq]

@@kokobedima There is no truth in this video. There was no "Greek Empire". History has been highjacked by this content. Alexander the III of Macedonia was a Macedonian king, not Greek. How can one pretend that there were even "Greeks at that period? Hellenes were descendance from Egypt and Ethiopia. Macedonians from Indochina. Does that make them one and the same people?. Athenians, Spartans and Thebans were not a nation, but City States. Isocrates said "We cannot submit to a Monarchy, and they cannot submit to Democracy". 50,000 Hellen's fought against Alexander on the side of Darius the Persian king. Tell history, not politics. Macedonians have kept their Ancient name throughout history. Greece exists since 1829 as a nation patched up by the Big Powers of the day.They tried to imitate Democracy and failed in 1831.This is the reason they brought a Prince Otto the Bavarian Prince to be the King of the newly formed "Nation".

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

Nomadic nations: They invaded, destroyed, stole, enslaved, killed etc.. Greek nations: They tried hellenize local populations in ''various degrees and for varying reasons'' without any enslavement or suppression, in fact their wars were actually kissing contests... PS: I understand why some people are so biased towards Greek civilization but seriously considering Bactria as ''Greek land'' and claiming it got ''invaded'' by NATIVE Nomads was one of the most moronic things i've heard on youtube.

[@cadoshalgham9937]

This channel also feeding wrong history. The Bactrian Persian are the original Persian they are not Greek, they're the Hazara living in Afghanistan, they lost 96% of the region once they ruled for thousands of years with their first Buddhism religion and thousands cities

[@ioannischrysocheris7236]

@@Peter-xg5fq all ancient historians, the romans included, confirm that macedonians were pure greeks! less than a hundred years ago some politicians took the part of the south slavic people in southern yougoslavia and tried to convince them (for political reasons) that they are neither serbs nor bulgarian nor slavic at all, but, instead they are a distinct ethnicity descendants of the ancient "macedonski"!! after three generations of intense goverment propaganda they succeeded to convince them! now they are trying to convince the rest of the world!!!

[@lulzjeffy1337]

This is an interesting component of Greek history that I don't often think about (and I assume most others don't as well). The Ancient Greeks were a marvelous civilization, and their ambitions for conquest were remarkable. Taking them thousands of miles into central Asia where, as this video illustrates, they had a major cultural and social influence on that people and societies there.

[@ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ-δ1ζ]

As a Greek i very agree,but the only bad thing with our history is that its so long and rich that many "foreigners" want to steal a part and claim it,like so called slavs " Macedonians "...

[@judeirwin2222]

Not only to Central Asia, but right to the northwest of India.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@williamgeorge2433]

@@onid.9991 It was said his father's mother was Illyrian too

[@thelocustgrappler513]

@@onid.9991 Epirotes were not albanians whatsoever. The Epirotes were Greek.

[@kingspore5000]

Fact that Greeks managed to spread their culture and influence to Afghanistan and India is absolutely fvcking incredible

[@paulmayson3129]

They did that as Macedonian Greeks. As Roman Greeks they expanded to the opposite side of the World, spreading their civilization as far as Morocco, Spain, Scotland and Germany.

[@user-xs2fl1uf9j]

India had an existing and thriving culture prior to the Greeks, instead the greeks were indianised and Alexander couldn't go beyond porus and even while retreating was constantly slapped by the regional rulers before succumbing to disease. Vedas and Upanishads are thousands of years old.

[@ousarlxsfjsbvbg8588]

@@user-xs2fl1uf9j it is undeniable that the Greeks had an impact on Indian culture

[@morewi]

@@ousarlxsfjsbvbg8588 he's Indian. They are still fuming over Alexander 2300 years later.

[@SamO-ik2cm]

@@user-xs2fl1uf9j India super power by 2022

[@rickb3078]

These places were such highlights in the 60s hippie trail to India. Lucky people that drove in VW vans safely through these landscapes and experiencing such cultural treasures. I always hoped I could do it too but current affairs make that unlikely.

[@felice9907]

@Bronski Turboski you know there have always been people who just DID it .. despite so-called adverse or hostile conditions! and if you look around on youtube and elsewhere you will find quite a few young people who do the same right now! rather with a landrover than vw, though ... .

[@rickb3078]

@@felice9907 Some people are braver than others. I personally would have the urge to spend a great amount of time verifying I’m not getting into trouble I can’t get out of alive, which would not make it a very enjoyable trip to me. Enjoyment is the point of going for me. But everyone experiences things differently and has different goals and ideas of course. I would not be inclined to aimlessly drive around seeing where the road would take me. I’d be terrified in Afghanistan right now.

[@zachmiller9175]

@@felice9907 exactly, the conditions for travel are better on average worldwide than they've ever been, the fear mongering is just stronger than ever. If you're friendly you can travel just about anywhere and always could.

[@Gentleman...Driver]

@@felice9907 I want to do this on a small classic bike (Scrambler).

[@ericastier1646]

@@zachmiller9175 ​ @zach miller bs . In the older days all western nations people learned a modicus of good manners, respect. The western mediatrash class has destroyed that. Now even educated young people are clueless about where the cynicism. cold mockery and spite they have been brainwashed with from birth becomes offensive, hegemonic and insulting to simple and noble culture not exposed to american trashmedia. That's ok as long as they go to Europe and offend people there (who are catching up getting brainwashed by the same trashmedia). But should they go to a culturally sensitive country and their behavior is disrespectful without them even understanding why. Look at the young american student who stole Kim J Un portrait in a N.Korean hotel, ended up ending his life a vegetable after torture. Most americans have this imperialistic hegemonic attitude that was bred in them by the trashmedia parasites. This is not fearmongering, it's degeneration of western societies.

[@scottn322]

I remember seeing that video of those soldiers pulling statues down and breaking ancient artifacts. Between that, and the looters, it breaks my heart. Regardless of what part of the world it comes from, the history of humanity belongs to all of us, and it makes me so frustrated when people don't - or can't - care about protecting and preserving it.

[@carolmiller5713]

Some people lack a soul or fail to recognize it. the only things that matter to them are materialistic, which of course, mean nothing.

[@Moamanly]

@@carolmiller5713 Means an awful lot when you have nothing though.

[@toastedt140]

​@carolmiller5713 I dont think a materialistic lack of soul is the driving factor in Islamic environments

[@YaoiChvd]

​@@carolmiller5713 you could say materialistic when there's no God than Allah so it's make sense to destroy it kafir

[@kellydalstok8900]

That’s what happens when ignorant people have been heavily indoctrinated with religion from early childhood. If you dive a little deeper into biblical history you’ll see that the jews have also worked hard to eliminate all traces of their polytheistic past from their religion. The bible even proudly admits to them destroying the Ashera poles that were in the jewish temples. Ashera was predominantly worshiped by women, but when the misogynistic new temple was established, those sad men felt they needen to wipe out the old culture.

[@donaldfedosiuk1638]

Videos like this are a prime reason why the study of history (even as cursory a one as mine) has been an insistent and enduring pleasure since I first read a book called "A Child's History of the World" when I was about eight. Thank you for this!

[@matthewm2528]

I did my art history paper on Greco-Bactrian Buddhist art. Amazing stories

[@casper-z9rkls6gl]

So, what is considered to be quintessential, intrinsically Chinese, Japanese, Korean sculpture (of the Buddha), actually have their origins in Europe (classical Greece). The same could be said of Confederate statues as well.

[@geertham7180]

@@casper-z9rkls6gl I mean, Greco-Buddhist art is a mix between Greek and Indian/Iranian, of course. Look at the almond-shaped eyes for the Oriental influence; these (and possibly also the way the hairs are carved) quite resemble the Persian reliefs from Persepolis, or the Archaising statues from Cyprus. To say that the style originates from Greece only would be false.

[@1heKing]

@@casper-z9rkls6gl definitely since neo classical art and architecture was popular all over the us up until the 1920s

[@amanuelzewdie3650]

You're dope bro

[@brazni]

I have long been interested to hear about these "alien" greek places and cultures. great video

[@pumpkin91ful]

In Italy there still areas in the south were people speaks old greek"grecanico and griko" , and it's a thing that a lot of people in Italy didn't know.

[@NewarkBay357]

The great singer, Tony Bennet is a Griko.

[@AxaFin]

@@NewarkBay357 I wanna be arouund to pick up the piecees

[@warneverchanges4105]

yes, I am a Greek Australian with Venetian heritage, Venice controlled south of Greece (where sparta is located) for hundreds of years and one of my ancestors was a merchant for the Venetian Republic. we are all mixed with incredible history.

[@turcarumimperator1395]

There was a significiant amount of greek orthodox population in sicily until the 14th century.

[@dimevans9543]

This is an excellent and very well documented video. Respect from Greece. Thank you.

[@J_Stronsky]

I've travelled the silk road and always love seeing it's history covered. The entire region is fascinating for it's culture and history. Gotta say, unlike the Italian history this channel usually covers -where Roman ruins are preserved and turned into massive tourist traps - it's striking that all through Central Asia, you can just drive up to something and find out that it's thousands of years old, sitting in a field with no one around. But yeah, like you said, much of it is neglected or stripped by people for one reason or another and more than a few historic sights I went looking for were little more than mounds of dirt or a pile of rocks.

[@carolmiller5713]

I'm so jealous - I've wanted to travel the silk road - only done parts of it. I just started world travel in the past 4 - 5 years and cut short of course, with covid.

[@112steinway]

It's a small and fairly insignificant historical footnote, but if you have the time/interest look up the War of the Heavenly Horses. Basically, it was a war between the Greco-Bactrians and Han Dynasty China that arose from a trade dispute when the Han emperor attempted to purchase horses from the Greeks. The Han launched two expeditions against the Greco-Bactrians and ultimately laid siege to Alexandria Eschate and won.

[@alastairbrewster4274]

Fascinating , any insights into the Greek cities of Georgia and Armenia would also be interesting. Thank you

[@allisonrich5061]

I have been to Termez, Uzbekstan with my wonderful guide, Sergei, scrambling around the ancient mud-brick towns, seeing ancient Buddhist stupas, and seeing the beautiful museum there. It was my part of Uzbekistan. If go to Uzbekistan you must go to that part of the country.

[@khaiophirgrad7717]

Ahhh Buddhists of South East Asian(Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Indonesia) will loves that place. 😃😃

[@bobfrog4836]

The Asian Art Museum in San Francisco has a nice collection of Greco-Buddhist art from Gandhara and the greater region.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@laurentdupasquier7872]

the Musee Guimet in Paris also has a whole fascinating section dedicated to Bactria and to Greco-Buddhist art

[@deg6788]

Another steal ....Americans 😅

[@hisjoeness]

I was deployed to Afghanistan (Farah and Kunduz) as a MEDEVAC air crewman and remember seeing a couple of these 'castles' about. Always wondered about them. Thanks for this video.

[@bradenchurch552]

Great video. Lots of information presented here I’ve never been exposed to. I’m going to have to do more research and watch this a couple more times. Thanks for the excellent work, always a treat. Your book is on its way, can’t wait.

[@antigonus1161]

Thank you for covering this subject I love the intro .Greetings from Greece.!

[@antigonus1161]

@@num1sooner 🤣🤣😂😂🤣.You just prejudiced my people what's the problem barbarian?.

[@nikostombris5505]

@@antigonus1161 Μην ασχολείσαι απλά ζηλεύει …

[@alicemi4155]

@@num1sooner Τώρα που έπαιξες την κασέτα, άντε τράβα στην τρύπα σου πάλι. Δεν θα λείψεις σε κανέναν!

[@letXeqX]

Greece is so fantastic. Best regards from Israel.

[@antigonus1161]

@@letXeqX Thank you eli good stranger!.Have a good day!.

[@kellyb1420]

Mind blowing how they had Greek Gods along with a Buda and all the other religious artifacts found there? That foot of Zeus foot was huge. Thank you again for these wonderful videos. I never new any of this existed in Afghanistan.

[@ALIEN_857]

The monk Buddhagosa converted the King Milinder of Bactria in a philosophical debate

[@khaiophirgrad7717]

You know, there are a city in Hungary called Budapest maybe its sounded like related to Buddha eh? 🙂🙂

[@collin-theonlyandone2299]

@@khaiophirgrad7717 That's a stretch. However, in czech or Russian (I believe), budit means "awaken" (to wake up). This parallels the indian term Buddha which means "enlightenment". This is likely due to distance PIE connection. However, Buddha's name is not Buddha but rather Siddhartha Gautama. Just wanted to clear up that for anyone. Plus, hungarian isn't an IE language, so the connection you make is a stretch

[@collin-theonlyandone2299]

@@khaiophirgrad7717 Unless you can give me the meaning of Budapest, which I am not entirely sure. If it means something the along the lines "awaken", then maybe

[@hadhamalnam]

​@@collin-theonlyandone2299a related Sanskrit word "bōdham" can mean consciousness or awareness. Definitely an IE connection there, also I like how the Slavic verb forms parallel Sanskrit so closely.

[@konkyr911]

Excellent video, thank you! Greco-Bactrian kingdom and culture are really fascinating. I would just like to point out, since you mention it in the video, that it is still accurate to say that Alexander founded so many cities, despite the fact that some of them had been populated even centuries before. We have to take into account the difference between the Greek "polis" and the typical city/town/settlement of the pre-Hellenistic non-Greek East. The latter was mostly clusters of low-level houses scattered around a palace/local administrative building or sometimes a temple. The Greek "polis" is defined by a particular set of features that the civilizations in the East lacked at the time, namely an agora, a gymnasium, a theater, an odeum, an acropolis (citadel) with a temple, and a bouleuterion/ekklesiasterion (buildings for the local council). All these elements of a Greek "polis" that serve particular aspects of our lives (socializing, commerce, sports, arts, self-governance) were brought to Asia with Alexander's conquest.

[@nihil_hd1598]

yes and he mentioned it in the video.still alexander and the greco-indian/ greco.bactrianm kingdom made new citys

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@konkyr911]

@@onid.9991 mate do you by any chance know what is the meaning of the following names? Alexandros, Olympia, Epirus, Macedonia. Like their actual etymology? Can you figure it out? I doubt it since they are not in your mother tongue. So, instead of fantasizing about imaginary and constructed modern identities why don't you deep into History with an intellectually honest approach? Try to figure out who all these people that you mention above really were. What language did they speak, how did they identify themselves etc. It's not that hard, there are plenty of original sources from their time.

[@nezperce2767]

​@@onid.9991realy?? Illyrians?? Any written sign monument found that you might translate to us?? Then you might tell us what is written on philips coins.Or perhaps you might tell us what does Apirotas mean and koinon found on sites or what apollonia mymphaio epidamnos have to do with places in that area mentioned by you why they've got theaters in gymnasiums and why then why they are mentioned in the in a war around 400 BC and where did you find the word illyria. Illyrians were latinized at the end. Do you speak Latin? First you have to finish Grammar School then the learn how to count to 20 you'll need to take off your shoes history or measuring things it's not your strong point

[@rickb3078]

So a tribe, being hunted by a superior opponent, stumbles into Bactria, finding Greek settlements present. The two parties involved can’t come up with a better idea than to decimate each others forces and to await the inevitable arrival of said foe short handed. That is some seriously impressive strategic thinking. My compliments. Are the tens of thousands of artifacts found in the tombs safe, or are they still in Afghanistan ( and likely going to auctioned off to the highest bidder, whoever that may be)

[@DesertAres]

Thank you for an excellent presentation! It’s so sad that none of the cities in this area can be excavated because of war, local government disinterest and the ongoing march of time.

[@costasvas341]

Thank you for covering such an amazing part of the Hellenistic world! Your channel is way underrated.

[@apoked]

What an amazing video! I've been reading on the multiple Alexandrias of central Greece and the Greco-Bactrian and Greco-Indian kingdoms for the past few days and then this video gets uploaded! Amazing work as always!

[@PalkkiTT]

Comrade🚩

[@khaiophirgrad7717]

There are also Alexandria(Iskandariah) in Egypt.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@ioanniskoletis8300]

Fascinating that as a Greek i can easily understand the name of the cities and read at the coins. Amazing, after all these centuries.

[@dave_sic1365]

Yes i recently learned russian and cyrillic proved helpful in reading those inscriptions

[@dave_sic1365]

Why is Helios written without e on the coin? Is the letter H pronounced as He syllable in greek?

[@ioanniskoletis8300]

@@dave_sic1365 No E at Helios. In greek is written as you see at the coin at 11.00 minute of the video. ΗΛΙΟΣ in greek HELIOS in english.

[@dave_sic1365]

@@ioanniskoletis8300 thanks alot

[@_my_insomnia_blink562]

Tell that to Skopjans and Albanians claiming your history. They wouldn't be able to understand shit lmao.

[@YipperStanley]

First video Ive caught on the day uploaded.. Only been subbed for a little while. Love your detailed intricate explanations helping expand our love of ancient histories

[@slore.137]

A refreshingly concise narrative sequence with the right amount of information for someone familiar with the material. And thanks for the location images, they help make these places real! Kudos.

[@erickondratieff4770]

Another truly excellent video. I will be assigning this to my history 101 students. Thanks for your work!

[@cosma_one]

What is more impressive is that there are entire villages with descendants from the soldiers of the Great Alexander's army in central Asia to this day, of course mixed with the local population. An example of those people are the Ishkadari Pamirski (Ισκανταρί Παμίρσκι) which means the The Alexandrian Pamirs (Αλεξανδρινοί του Παμίρ). Pamir is the mountain on which their village resides. This is but one example of the many scattered greek descendants that reside in Central Asia.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@torian5995]

@@onid.9991 DNA dont matter, all humans are mixed to some extent with other cultures. What matters is language and heritage, even if FYROM people had 90% old macedonian DNA they still cannot claim their heritage as they dont follow the culture or the language.

[@petefortune7018]

​@@onid.9991 Quote: Lineage and childhood He was the son of the erstwhile king of Macedon, Philip II, and his fourth wife, Olympias (daughter of Neoptolemus I, king of Epirus). Although Philip had seven or eight wives, Olympias was his principal wife for some time, likely because she gave birth to Alexander.

[@nezperce2767]

​​@@onid.9991then you can translate us a few things as for instance what is written on Phillips coins

[@dympnamou]

Pamir = Παροπαμισαδες meaning "terrain higher than the eagles can fly"

[@deewesthill4705]

Thank you so much for this fascinating video. Hellenic and Persian influences on Buddhist cultures, art and architecture, and Greek converts to Buddhism is one of the most interesting subjects of forgotten ancient history. It probably even has something to do with early Christianity.

[@robdoubleyou4918]

Gratias tibi! Interesting to learn about these former Greek outposts!🙏🌞

[@michaelstuart777]

Wonderful video. Thank you to the makers. The influence of the divine Iskander and his successors on the history and culture of the area cannot be overestimated. The superb relief of Cybele is to my mind a work of art

[@warrcoww6717]

(Eu4 player) I always wondered why the Timurid vassal in Central Asia was called Transoxiana, then I saw the Amu Darya labeled as the Oxus and my mind was quite literally blown. A Mongolic horde conquered a Persian caliphate to found a Turkic empire and “released” an Uzbek vassal named after the Greek name for a river with a Latin prefix. Edit: my girlfriend is Uzbek so any time I learn something new about the region I get all giddy.

[@syahmikadira6832]

As someone who is uneducated with Greek, Mongolic & Turkic culture/history, how does the name Transoxiana relates to all of that?

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@ΝικίαςΟικονόμου]

@@onid.9991 Stop fabricating history, Olympias is a Greek name and Alexander's mother was never Albanian as they did not exist in antiquity. Stop stealing Greek history, the more you do it the less credible you become. Not only that, but someone should explain to you that identity theft is a crime. And noone else apart from the Albanians themselves believes that the Illyrians were Albanian. There is absolutely no evidence to that. You have flooded the internet with your paranoid claims but eventually you will be banned like you are being deported out of European countries.

[@valtontony826]

​@@onid.9991my Albanian brother, epirotes are not Albanian, we only descend from some epirotans but we mostly descent from eastern and southern Illyrians

[@marcelogeka]

Cómo nadie habla de semejantes edificaciones en medio del Asia??! Son impactantes, y en occidente nadie nos lo enseña! Es muy importante; te revela datos importantes del curso de las potencias humanas en nuestra historia q resulta en un enfoque más amplio, rico y distinto de la realidad.

[@srfrg9707]

Υπέροχη παρουσίαση. Fun fact : Greco-indian kingdoms were the last greek ruled states on Earth after the conquest of Greece, the middle east and Egypt by the Romans. That is until ~600 when the eastern roman empire dropped the latin language and kept only tthe greek one.

[@luissalcedo6493]

The Bosphoran Kingdom lasted until the Huns conquered them in the fourth century, so no.

[@NewarkBay357]

Greek was the Linga di Franca during the Roman Empires.

[@akhripasta2670]

They were part Greek part Indian

[@v.g.r.l.4072]

A very melancholic vision of past. Excellent as always.

[@royriley6282]

High quality content that does not shy away from details and nuance. No bias detectable.

[@mohammedkhan4990]

So thankful to have channels like these on youtube!!!!

[@hammerheadtheseawing3263]

The way you present it makes it feel a lot like a Tolkien lore video, which I absolutely love Keep it up

[@Νικοδιονιθεα]

This is one of the best videos I've seen about bactria great job

[@SonicPhonic]

Thanks! Great video! I first heard of Alexander from reading Mary Renault's historical-fiction. She was very informed and included lots of "romance". She mentions that on several occassions, his soldiers would want to go home and I think there were two or more mutinies. Usually their complaints were settled by letting his mercenaries retire with a generous pension. Alexander was probably the only ruler who made founding cities a hobby.

[@user-kj5qg5rj5p]

This is by far the best episode of TiS, poetic and captivating narration

[@BenSHammonds]

enjoyed the program and filmed locations

[@douglasfroom1449]

Fascinating, very well done!

[@willh1970]

Fascinating! I knew that Alexander had an influence in Asia but nothing like what you've shown in Afghanistan. It was only then that I realised that I've been kind of following his steps, so to speak. Spent time in Afghanistan, Kandahar, and passed by the site of the battle of Guagamela many times (apparently nead the town of Ba'adre in Kurdistan Iraq). Now in north Syria I might have to try to see some of his other sites one day.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@Billswiftgti]

@@onid.9991 he was not Albanian and you are not Illyrian

[@muslimh-cs5eo]

I am from northern Pakistan 🏔️🙏🏻 This region was known as GANDHARA .... Which has remained a part of Archeamid Empire to Alexender empire and from KUSHAN empire to HUNS or Mongols ... There are many coins , temple ,statues here which are Greek culture influenced... Love to all humans from northern Pakistan 🇵🇰🥰..

[@judeirwin2222]

Another excellent doc. Well researched, cogent, clearly expressed, packed with great visuals and facts. And no stupid music track. Thanks for treating your audience with respect for their intelligence.

[@Christian_Sannino]

I live in South Italy and i hope i'm 50% greek Long live of Greece 🇬🇷🇮🇹🇬🇷🇮🇹🇬🇷🇮🇹🇬🇷🇮🇹

[@g.alysan2636]

ΚΑΛΗΜΕΡΑ Manga Hellenica!!

[@g.alysan2636]

Greetings from 🇬🇷!!

[@stepps511]

Fascinating video, Garret. I am happy to report that my copy of your book arrived yesterday. I am very much looking forward to reading it, as well as the ongoing posting of these amazing videos. Thank you!

[@danielm3670]

Alexander the Great was Macedonian. It was a Macedonian empire, not Greek.

[@nikosz66]

@@danielm3670 BS !

[@octipuscrime]

1:32. The map at the bottom says 'Battle of Jhelum'. We are taught here, the river Jhelum and the place got its name after one of the horses of Alexander (locally known as Sikandar the Great died here. Jhelum also has a salt mine, its discovery was made by Alexander the Great. When resting, he would let his horses free and his horses would start licking stones on a mountain. After inspection, it turned out the horses were not licking stones but salt. Salt had been discovered. In fact, after Poland, (what is now) Pakistan has the second largest salt resolves in the world, the largest in Asia.

[@afwaga]

really enjoying the book! Keep up the great work!

[@orion_red7447]

Quickly becoming one of my favorite channels. Please do more of these ancient kingdoms lost to time. Very fascinating.

[@barbarawillis5187]

Lots of never heard before information fo me. I always enjoy looking at the art and your back up pictures. The coins almost tell a story with their engraving.

[@dorianphilotheates3769]

Greetings to The Brave People of Afghanistan from Greece! 🇦🇫🇬🇷

[@bachakabul1532]

🇦🇫🇬🇷🇦🇲😎

[@BuxarooBanzai]

Thank you so much for this. It's funny, I've known about Alexander the Great and some general history of him for a while. But for some reason, in the last 2 years, I have been reading a lot, and I mean a lot about Alexander and up through to Cleopatra (I've always been a huge ancient Roman history buff) after watching Oliver Stone's movie about Alexander (I know it wasn't a great movie, but it's a guilty pleasure for me to watch because it brings the Hellenistic world alive in so many ways, especially the bit in Alexandria where Hopkin's Ptolemy narrates while walking through his palace). And I've really been interested in what happened to all of the Greek cities that were settled along the way through his campaigns. Thank you for this, I hope to see a lot more in the future. ps, anyone have any recommendations on more videos about Alexander's cities, campaigns, and other assorted things related to Alexander and the Hellenistic age?

[@richardglady3009]

What an amazing story and video. The visuals are tremendous. Thank you.

[@zentecno4120]

I’m from Argentina 🇦🇷. Just want to say that you really transport all of us in time and space. Just like being there. G Awesome job!!!!

[@Ravishrex1]

Great video as always you hold a standard that only you can keep.

[@2.7petabytes]

You make excellent videos! Very nice diction and fascinating snippets of history! Many thanks!

[@jakub6494]

Great video, enjoyed it so much. Waiting for more

[@wsgray]

Very much enjoying your videos - thanks!

[@hanovergreen4091]

Thank You very much. I did not know any of this. Informative and enjoyable. You do everyone a huge service by your hard work recording, mastering and producing your material. Best Regards and Best Wishes!

[@michaelwolfgadsby8958]

Thank you for taking the time to make this.

[@Bonita.ch1]

WE OWE EVERYTHING TO GREEKS . TRUTH BE TOLD . THE MOST ADVANCED HUMAN CIVILISATION THAT TAUGHT THE WORLD HOUR TO LIVE . RESPECT 🙏

[@erichtomanek4739]

A sad end to a glorious culture.

[@IlJaxartes]

Fascinating - Alexander lived only 33 years and only 5 of them was he the ruler of bactria. And still his impact lasted for centuries and centuries. E.g. it was of paramount importance for the development of buddhist art, which spead as far as Japan. So, at last in some sence, Alexander reached the "last ocean", of which he dreamt all his life...

[@Fluriana]

I love Alexander! ❤

[@callenclarke371]

Absolutely fascinating.

[@johnchongsing7745]

Eye-opening! Thanks for this informative presentation

[@sagetolley147]

Hey toldinstone im just commenting because i never get to your videos this early but i hope you see this i love your videos idk why i find it so intresting most kids my age are off doing drugs or somethings but your content is some of my favorite on the platform seriously keep up the good work

[@lukeconleyluke]

How the hell do you make these so consistently and concisely.. if you ever stop making videos i might have to buy your book!

[@dlevi67]

Or just possibly buy his book so he can continue making high quality videos with the funds coming from the book's sales!

[@ztoronto5011]

As a business man this comment would make me want to stop uploading 😂

[@JosephEnce]

My book came in the mail. I'm pumped for a nerdy weekend.

[@aboutthegiggins4236]

@@dlevi67 he got 51k views in one day there are television shows that would kill for that a few more months and youtube will fund his books

[@dlevi67]

@@aboutthegiggins4236 Or not. Have you ever looked at how many views you actually need to make sensible money on YT? Ad revenue may be more interesting, but with the channel's topic I'm not sure it is quite as ad-friendly as others.

[@georgenorris2657]

fascinating! Thank you!

[@vickilindberg6336]

Fascinating. Really drawn to this part of the world. Thank you.

[@Gaius752]

Holy how. Every once in a blue moon the algorithm will serve me up a channel of quality, I've only seen one of your videos but you've earned my subscription. Fantastic job!

[@SANCHIT18OCT]

Brilliant video and topic

[@geraldmeehan8942]

Fascinating video as short as their reign was one wouldn't think about there being Greeks in central Asia

[@wxrriorog3096]

My great grandma came here in Kos from Central Asia from the harbour of smyrni with my great grandpa and kept soil to remember their old home and start a new life from scratch

[@nikosz66]

Minor Asia !

[@Goldenskies__]

Man... that's not Central Asia. Smyrne was a Greek city in Western Anatolia. I think you confused the 2.

[@wxrriorog3096]

@@Goldenskies__ i know autocorrect did me wrong

[@playme129]

Wow! Packed with facts and lots of information. Thanks for posting. My copy of your book arrives tomorrow.

[@pattywolford]

Thanks! Excellent. New subscribed.

[@Abc1234xxx]

I was born in Kabul and Raised in the USA. I have black hair and hazel eyes. my aunt has blonde hair and blue eyes, most of my family looks caucasian some look Arab, one of my cousin looks Chinese and I have a uncle that looks Indian. Really mixed up and hard to tell who is a Afghan sometimes

[@alphabromega859]

Great video, the Kandahar / Iskandar bit was a real eye opener for me. What do you think about the Nuristan / Kalash Greek hypothesis? Even if they aren't entirely derived from Greek settlers, the odds of them being completely wiped off the face of the earth as a whole simply does not hold water on its face.

[@onid.9991]

Alexander's armies passed through these parts and wherever they went they left people behind. Alexander himself was half Epirote (Albanian) from his mother Olimbia, who was from the royal house of Epirus. Alexander's army was made up of Macedonians, Illyrians and Epirus. Today Macedonians they were assimilated by the Slavs, but if you do the DNA origin test for today's Macedonians, you will find traces of the ancient Macedonians, Illyrians, Epirotes. Therefore, the presence of these Balkan groups in Afghanistan and their origin is not it is something to be surprised.

[@lagazettedesfrancais8155]

Fascinating travel in time, thank you.

[@duskojowcewski643]

Thanks, greetings from Macedonia, we are so proud of our ancestors! 👌🇲🇰❤️

[@rodionromanovich449]

The Seleucids, Greco-Bactrians, & Indo-Greeks are the most overlooked group in history. The fusion of cultures, art, religious thought, medicine, philosophy & the occult is like no other. There's a lot going on in this era.

[@acornboi420]

Keep this up, you are beyond valuable!!

[@TrueMakedonia]

The Greeks have the greatest history of all.

[@notsamhoward]

until the romans did everything they ever did better then them for longer

[@wankawanka3053]

​@@notsamhoward how many times did rome conquer Persia again????

[@notsamhoward]

@@wankawanka3053 twice actually, once under Imperator Avgvtsvs Traianvs and once under Herakleios 😯

[@kaybevang536]

I think the Greek empire is quiet unique not many talk about it in now days mostly the mongol empire and Roman and Spanish empires and ottomans but the Greeks are very interesting

[@slomo4672]

Too distant in the past and not enough accounts of it...

[@Pan472]

It is actually insane how a tiny nation as the Greeks are, managed to extend their presence and reach tens of millions all the way up to India.

[@taybak8446]

I enjoyed your video. You have a clear voice which is good.

[@felice9907]

thank you so much for this stunning compilation! including some mindblowing pictures!