The most important screws EVER MADE!

Please support me on Patreon
/ machinethinking
website
machinethinking.co
The Making of a Renaissance Book (1966)
• The Making of a Renais...
The Various and Ingenious Machines of Captain Agostino Ramelli (Ramelli, 1588)
archive.org/details/gri_33125...
De Re Metallica (Agricola, 1556)
archive.org/details/bub_gb_yP...
De Re Metallica (Hoover (English Translation) 1912)
archive.org/details/deremetal...
De Architectura (Vitruvious, 1543 version)
archive.org/details/ita-bnc-m...
I quattro libri dell'architettura (Palladio, The Four books of Architecture, 1581 version)
archive.org/details/gri_33125...
Rare Book School
rarebookschool.org/
Internet Archive
archive.org/
Open Library
openlibrary.org/
Project Gutenberg
www.gutenberg.org/
Crypt background used in animations
www.blendswap.com/blend/13097
Printing press 3D model (JuanG3d)
sketchfab.com/3d-models/guten...
Ramelli Bookwheel (and chair!) Blender model: Juan Gonzalez
sketchfab.com/juang3d
CAD for 3D printable Bookwheel: Eruc Forsell
Research assistance: Daniel Brownstein
dabrownstein.com/

[@ArnoWalter]

Gutenberg did not just combine preexisting ideas, he invented the alloy of lead and Antimon, crucial for casting letters. He invented a quick and easy method to repeatedly cast letters, because unlike Korean or Chinese, with the Latin alphabet you need a ton of vowels just for one page. He perfected the ink, so it would be quick drying, and give a crisp image. The results from Asia look spotty and cheap in comparison. And he designed the Gutenberg font himself because he knew, to be successful, the result needed to be at least as good as a scribes work. He was a true genius and did not just combine other peoples invention. The Gutenberg Bible is one of the most famous book designs in history, not because of the technology, but because of the artistic value.

[@KaimasterXD]

Reminds me a bit of Apple. There were phone with touch screens before the iPhone and we had tablets before the iPad and neither used brand new tech but they combined and perfected everything in a way never really seen before. Sometimes a raw idea is enough to transform the world but more often than not the last 10 or even 5 percent are the hardest but also most important ones.

[@Jesse__H]

I love these youtubers who put out super rare and SUPER high-quality minidocs. It's always exciting when a new one drops. Always worth the wait.

[@Just_Sara]

I nearly spit out my tea when I saw he actually posted. A VERY big day!

[@TheCulturallyLost]

I love this guys uploads, his videos are always so well produced

[@Watchyn_Yarwood]

I enjoy learning about all things mechanical but even if I didn't I would watch/listen just for the narration. This guy as a very pleasant voice and excellent oratory.

[@michaelchristensen9938]

The modeling done with the Blender software to visualize the Book Wheel for 15 seconds worth of content is very appreciated here.

[@gangoffour6690]

Far superior to any of the mind numbing drivel on TV which I gave up 12 years ago. Another great video here 👍

[@AlRoderick]

1530s: Dere Metallica makes things easier to copy. 1997: Metallica tries to make things harder to copy.

[@MartinClausen]

Funny.

[@Gameboygenius]

Ah the memories. There was a flash animation where Lars Ul-rich ranted about how money GOOD! Napster BAD!

[@ericbeyer8229]

A Napster joke? Oh wow, throw-back!

[@Strothy2]

I'm so young I don't know what you are talking about 92er here

[@carlospitcher4335]

how about : 1530s: Dere Metallica makes things easier to copy. 1997: Metallica dares to make things harder to copy. just a thought...

[@UliTroyo]

I love that there are so many people as excited for a new Machine Thinking video as I am.

[@RaXXha]

I had completely forgotten that I subbed to this channel, but this was great! 😁

[@calholli]

@@RaXXha Go back and watch all of his videos-- they're so good.

[@noahfusek5896]

I’m a big fan of the community around this channel as no one has hit the dislike button

[@k20nutz]

I literally said Ooooo out loud.

[@LetsTakeWalk]

And when the world needed him the most, HE RETURNED!

[@Mengmoshu]

I'm so glad that we didn't end up with The Goosemeat Bible or Project Goosemeat.

[@kidmohair8151]

I suppose Good Mountain is better, but there is something to be said for the Goosemeat Bible....people might not take it so literally/seriously

[@CBielski87]

@D das ze gayest scheiz i eva herd

[@opiniondiscarded6650]

Sounds tasty 😋

[@blackmarketyardsale]

And by glad, you mean disappointed, right?

[@markfryer9880]

I heard that the Goodemeat Bible was a very fat read! Ok that was my Dad Joke for the day but cut me some slack Melbourne is into it’s 4th Lockdown in a year. Mark from Melbourne Australia

[@humanrightsadvocate]

3:48 One small squeak for man, one shrill screech for mankind.

[@Calligraphybooster]

We got screwed

[@ObservationofLimits]

Just imagine the screeching when someone spilled a whole block setup

[@onesimpleclik]

Man, you deserve way more people supporting you on Patreon, only 34 people out of 231,000 subscribers... Come on people, support this dude!

[@machinethinking]

The number is a bit higher, just crossed 100! Patreon takes several hours to update as people join.

[@redstone71]

@@machinethinking I missed this video. I do not remember youtube notifying me that you had posted 5 months ago. But it did notify me of your new video today. So I will sign up as this is amazing and I am honored to get to be a more direct part.

[@beansnrice321]

It's funny, my mom was a typesetter for NIU press and she did a speech at a typesetters convention on this basic subject. She went from the dawn of writing and into web and multi media, as well however, but the centerpiece of her lecture was basically your argument here. Great stuff!

[@shaunmodipane1]

Give this man some likes! He made an entertaining 20+ min video about books and screws.

[@xeigen2]

Clicked on this so fast

[@islandfd3s]

Finding these videos is always the highlight of my day! I'm so happy when they come out.

[@Bibibosh]

Why?

[@kizzjd9578]

Who?

[@SHAD0WZOMBIE]

MACHINE THINKING! Hell yea!!!!!

[@tatianatub]

distributed memory that travels through time and space sounds like a awesome name for a book

[@prapanthebachelorette6803]

I agree

[@scrambledmandible]

Or a prog album

[@awenmckee4995]

our man, goosemeat

[@Rouverius]

For me, it's pretty amazing to own a Bible in my own language that's not so cost prohibited that it had to be chained to the pulpit or locked behind a monastry door.

[@HadleyCanine]

Thinking about it in terms of Bibles, probably a better example of the impact of the printing press would be Gideon's Bibles. Made for nobody in particular, with the intent of being placed where they're most likely to get stolen. You probably couldn't pay a monk enough to help with that back before the printing press, but these days they're a household name across the globe.

[@worldcomicsreview354]

There's also the idea that one of the earliest printed English Bibles, the Tynsdale Bible, was also one of the first English "dictionaries", by default. Before then, there wasn't even a standard, agreed-upon English word for an egg!

[@mikestutt8574]

Your videos are one of the descendants of James Burke’s Connections series. And for that, many thanks to you and Prof. Burke!

[@sinebar]

I have my grandfather's old machinist handbook printed back in the 1940's. He gave it to me when I was going to engineering school. While there I took a machine shop course which probably taught me more about mechanical engineering than the course work.

[@peterkratoska3681]

Thanks for this. Coming from a family with a print tradition I enjoyed watching this. I consider Gutenbergs printing press probably the 2nd most important invention of the last millennium (along with the steam engine). I wanted to add some relevants facts on Gutenberg, he was also a goldsmith and as a goldsmith would have been familiar with the hallmark punch (which was basically a metal punch that would be used to stamp the goldsmiths insignia or initials on to his work. This allows for the big leap in making movable type - as the process involved cutting steel punches which would then be punched into forms - and those forms would then cast the movable type which was a mix of lead tin and antimony. Gutenberg got his name from the house that he lived in (it is known as under the roof). It was fairly common for a house to become known by a certain family name that lived there, and the name would be passed on to those living in the house at a later time even if they were unrelated. (This particular thing happened in my family when some 300 years ago one member bought a farm and later his family adopted the name, my parents visited the farm house in the 90s and the lady living there said her grandfather bought the farm in the 1870s and his name was different but even now she is known by the original family's name that lived in the house 300 years ago). Finally around 1450 the other major event of consequence was the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks. This led to a flight of learned refugees, similar to the one that brought Einstein and many scientists to America as the fled the Nazis. These refugees brought many books of knowledge and science from the Greeks and printers like Aldus Manutius in Italy published them helping to spread information that had been lost to Western Europe for a long time. One other small factoid. Those ink pads are made of dog skin - as dogs do not have pores so they make for clean ink transfer.

[@JelMain]

The concern about the Ottomans starts at the turn of the century. Oddly, Cardinal Pierre d'Ailly, convenor of the Council of Constance, is from the same family La Pucelle was: the one tried to end the Hundred Years War so Christendom could crusade, the other restarted it so the only crusaders were the HRE, and they were heavily defeated at Varna

[@dinoflame9696]

This is one of those A-tier youtube channels.

[@cuteswan]

Dang, I never knew Gutenberg had gotten _screwed_ . 😎Thanks for another fantastic lesson.

[@WanderingDad]

Lots of examples, good inventors aren't always brilliant businessmen.

[@CorePathway]

Quite a twist.

[@calholli]

I love this channel. You guys need to fund this man so I can watch more.

[@bhuuthesecond]

I’m liking the progression the illustrators made from their good hand drawn diagrams to their insane woodcuts.

[@hedgehog3180]

I happened to have just started on A Canticle for Leibowitz when this video came out which is a neat coincidence since that's a book about monks trying to preserve knowledge after an apocalypse.

[@ismaelabufon1696]

Out of the billions of books ever written and made, we tend to focus only on those which we find more valuable. Likewise, out of the billions of videos ever made and uploaded to youtube, we choose to watch yours, as they are just insanely insightful, entertaining and thought provoking. Once again.... thanks for making these! --- If you have any video editing areas I could help, I'd happily do.

[@trey2099]

WHAT?!?! You have Moore's Foundations of Mechanical Accuracy? I don't want to know how much you paid for that. I would love to see reviews of books related to machinery and tools.

[@machinethinking]

Online copies sell for big dollars but if you contact the Moore company directly you can get it for $150 brand new. Still not cheap, but much less than other sources!

[@HylanderSB]

That you’ve gotten to 230K subs WITHOUT a Patreon is an encouraging sign for the future.

[@skenzyme81]

KZbin at its BEST. Thank you.

[@kris856]

Fantastic! I have just discovered your YT channel and binge watched every single video of yours. Man, these are so much more interesting and funny than any TV popular-scientific show. You deserve millions of subs and views... Thank yo from the bottom of my heart for your splendid work.

[@richardborrell443]

The quality of the production is excellent and remains fascinating. Take your time!

[@michelhv]

Thing is, it might not have been Gutenberg so much as the expansion of the paper trade that propulsed the book into prominence in Europe. When paper became relatively cheap and abundant, so did the number of books augment.

[@scottd.5166]

I would argue that the expansion of the paper trade is a bit of a chicken and egg problem. If they were not wanting to print a lot of books there probably would not have been the demand for paper, and if the paper was not available they would not have printed as many books. That said the number of books that they wanted to print would create a demand for paper that would get more people into the paper trade and drive innovation. It would be interesting to explore what happened in depth and find out where the driving forces were.

[@EmpJustine]

Then the important screw in this case is the one in the papermaking press?

[@garywheeler7039]

It was genius the way he cut a metal stamp or die to make impressions in what would later become lead letters. Making the duplication of hundreds of letters easy. A metallurgical masterpiece.

[@alexanderkupke920]

@@EmpJustine I think at that time paper was Air dried and no press involved. Not entirely sure, but I think they only started way later to use a pres to get as much water out of the paper as possible. Also do not forget, despite being roughly made the same way, those early papers had been different from todays cheap Printer Paper we all know. While modern paper is made from wod pulp for quite a while now, at those times other plant based fibers like flax, hemp, cotton and possibly even wool had been used. Today paper made of cotton is more like a speacialty and used if the paper should not dissolve in water (money for example)

[@markfryer9880]

@@alexanderkupke920 The smart money these days is made from plastic polymer with see through windows and hologram security devices. An Australian Invention and licensed around the world.

[@klausklemens]

I live in a German city with a library from 1572. They have one of those surviving Book-wheels. The most amazing thing about the library, besides the books, is the smell. Old librarys have a very destinct smell that i find incredibly soothing. (The library en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herzog_August_Library) They have some very important books including the 2. most expencive book in the world.

[@johnmcclain3887]

Oh how I envy you!!! I've been to a couple, in my youth in Europe, and there is nothing like it I've ever experienced. I was in Naples and Barcelona, and spent time all around the Med, and later, visited as a Marine, in my travels. You must really enjoy that. I appreciate your sharing. Thanks for some fond memories, revived.

[@techstuff9198]

That smell is old wood pulp and the human skin oil that soaked into it. Give or take the inks' scent.

[@evensgrey]

@@techstuff9198 Very old books are usually printed on linen rag-fiber paper. This paper is much more durable than wood pulp paper. Wood pulp paper came along when there simply wasn't enough rag fiber paper for all purposes, leading to terms like 'pulp magazine' because they were printed on cheaper wood-pulp paper. This has been a problem, because without special and complex treatment (which can be done during manufacture, producing 'archive quality' paper), wood pulp paper disintegrates from internal chemical interactions after a century or so. This has contributed to the complete loss of some texts we know were published in the early twentieth century, such as a couple of stories written by H. P. Lovecraft. We know the exact magazine issues they were published in, but there are no surviving copies and nobody transcribed or otherwise preserve the stories.

[@swayback7375]

In America our library’s smell like toxic chemicals, we would never let a building get old enough to take on a smell like that. Yuck.

[@verdantpulse5185]

My favorite book: Biringuccio's 'Pirotechnia'. His delight in the casting process still shines through half a millenium later.

[@RealWolfmanDan]

That may be the greatest description of what a book is and does I've ever heard.

[@csours]

The channel lives!

[@user-mu2ze3xi1y]

Omg omg omg

[@Vagolololo]

I'm really hoping this series is like an in-depth James Burke's Connections.

[@machinethinking]

Huge influence for sure!

[@Rouverius]

Yeah, I'm seeing that too.

[@andrew.r.lukasik]

Amazing story of a humble screw that could, thank you.

[@imdeplorable2241]

This was the best 26 minutes and 46 seconds of my day today. I absolutely loved it. Your videos just fascinate me. Thank you very much.

[@HunterHogan]

15:58 "Remember Alice? It's a song about Alice." Extremely funny, outrageously subtle, allusion.

[@jamesslick4790]

👍😊👍

[@machinethinking]

You're right that's exactly where that's from! I was looking for a sentence to fill a few moments so people could linger on the image a little longer, but also remind them this was all really about screws. That's what came to mind and I'm glad a few people picked up on it!

[@Questionhunt9159]

I have only watched 4 videos so far but I have gained more useful knowledge on the stuff that interested me in that short time than I have in years... keep up the good work! This channel just gained a new super fan. The world has forgotten the basics bc nobody teaches from the beginning anymore

[@gromit7573]

When I was studying at Trinity in Dublin I used to go to the Long Room (7:36). Being in a centre of knowledge and information older than the US declaration of Independence is a kind of feeling I just can't describe, but everyone should experience it if they have the chance.

[@davidb6576]

Thank you for identifying that scene! What a magnificent design, so evocative to me of a center of knowledge...

[@worldcomicsreview354]

Once I went to "Open Cambridge", viewing some of the early collections donated to the colleges by collector-monks. The USA? Some of fhose books are older than Macchu Pichu!

[@bassmechanic237]

Your voice and speech cadence, especially when you get excited, reminds me of my best friend when I was in the navy as a submarine mechanic. I love your videos and just want to say thank you for sharing. Your video on the lathe and precision and the big ton presses really opened my eyes to what all that did for the world. Godspeed to you and your family. Again, thank you.

[@lapaleves]

you never expect to get something in your eye just when you listen about Gutenberg. THAT makes everything.

[@steelcannibal]

YAYYYYY!!! What a wonderful surprise!

[@linkbond08]

How have I missed this channel for so long. So many years wasted 😭

[@BlueJeebs]

And the video you just posted on the internet explaining these effects is just as revolutionary as the printing press you've talked about!

[@michaelseery5588]

Yay, we’re back!

[@Elristan]

This video gave me so many chills. Thank you.

[@hobsondrake]

One of the best channels on YT. Keep up the excellent work.

[@Enonymouse_]

From ancient times to modern times, one thing remains the same.. A good screw can fix just about anything. :D

[@deepindercheema4917]

The green book seen at 8:50 is Tim Hunkin 'Everything you needed to know. This was his rudiments of wisdom every sunday in the Observer Magazine in the UK. Well worth getting. He also made projectile burst inflatable sheep for the Pink Floyd in '77

[@jacobyunderhill3999]

Tim has been releasing remastered versions of the original "Secret Life of Machines" series along with producing a new series on components on his channel.

[@VuLamDang]

HE'S ALIVE

[@inkscapevideo4271]

Watching the video explaining the ramifications of information availability while on KZbin which is arguably a superior form of information transfer

[@0MoTheG]

True, watching KZbin you can learn just about anything these days. BUT what was not discussed is the downside of cheap communication: People do not understand that no information is better than false information and that too much information is just noise and the same as no information. That is a serious problem.

[@sgibbons77]

Excellent, excellent, excellent! Great video! Thank you for taking all the time that was needed to make this - I appreciate your sacrifices!

[@tipperzack]

You are wonderful. A great love for the knowledge of machines.

[@richardspringer6517]

What a remarkable channel. Never thought I'd be interested in something like this, but here I am. I'm learning so much.

[@screwnacorn]

real shame this stuff doesn't get more love in school history classes

[@maxtester8824]

What an awesome compressed power injection of knowledge! So well done! Thank you for this effort!

[@adolfemmanuelesparas3922]

Sir, I deeply admire and salute your sharing of knowledge! And you have an innate talent in doing so! I wish your profession is a teacher or professor.. because you are born to teach and educate people! You are a gem in YT!

[@GumRamm]

Awesome news on the patreon! I’m sure people would also enjoy livestreams of you just talking about the videos and the cool stories you learned about when doing the research.

[@iniclof]

Man, another awesome video. This is one of the best channels in youtube. Congratulations!

[@markpfeifer1402]

It is now no longer books but KZbin videos that transmit specialized knowledge across society.

[@machinethinking]

There's a short segment that I cut all about how books transformed education but I had to cut it because this one went way too long. It was the original transition into the part where I talk about how now your phone is not a book and yet all books at once. I had to record a new part to smooth that over and if you listen (not even that closely) you can hear the two different recordings.

[@rickfearn3663]

Exceptional. Thanks MT so much, Rick Fearn

[@Birb_of_Judge]

Yes, a new video. I've been waiting for this one

[@Sl4gyster]

Your thoroughness just blows my mind. I'm literally sitting here amazed at how well this was done. And now I'm searching for old books and I hate reading xD

[@BuffaloWarrior7]

I can't put in words how much I appreciate content like this.

[@gordy15604]

This video is delightful and I love the subtle humor

[@dduraeso]

Amazing work! Congrats!

[@paitti]

An Absolute pleasure seeing you return! The most well prepared and presented channel to date. Thank you for the effort you clearly put into making these videos. Now, i just might make an exception and set up the patreon.

[@jdblake3224]

Glad you are posting videos still! Keep them coming

[@sindreherstad8739]

It might take a long time, but every video is fantastic and helps to put history and progress in perspective

[@dominikmarekdominiak]

Finally a new video! Can't wait to watch it tonight :)

[@nickjohnson410]

These videos bring new meaning to the phrase "just screwing around".

[@stauffap]

I'm glad i didn't miss this video. Great content! I was looking forward to this since your last video.

[@user-mu2ze3xi1y]

Hell yesssss need more machine thinking in my life

[@LeoPlaw]

Thank you very much for bringing "De architectura" and "The Four Books on Architecture" to my attention! This will fill in a gap in my knowledge.

[@ReedCBowman]

About time you made a patreon! Love your perspective. Thrilled to be able to support more videos.

[@sidneyhirst1925]

WOW!!!! A new video !!!!!! We have been waiting forever !.... Great Quality !

[@mr.hollywood835]

Great video! You inspired me to look for an historical book talking about old machines just like you did. Hope my university library has one.

[@T3sl4]

Subtle callout with that Hunkin book on the shelf. Nice.

[@daniel-gardner]

Fantastic videos! Thank you so much for producing!!

[@yeahchons3013]

Love your work as always mate, thanks!

[@nickverbree]

Always so excited for your videos! I'd love to see you tackle iron production and/or metallurgy, and how that changed how machines could be made.

[@ramakrishnanr3877]

By making such high quality contents you are making knowledge easily accessible to people around the world,just like herr Gutenberg had done.

[@lowkeyiguana]

This channel is amazing! Thank you!

[@mitchellpatterson3323]

Thank you so much! I'm so upset that I didn't see this on release. I've hit the bell so I won't be late next time!

[@MagnusNyborgMadsen]

Such high quality content 😍 thank you

[@TheWizardGamez]

I saw this on my home page like 3 times and didn't realize it was you. THEN I REALIZED, GOD TEIR CONTENT. and this is just after AHOY(the cool weapons guy BRI'ish) dropped a vid... WHAT A GREAT WEEk

[@AndreluizCunha]

I can't thank you enough for this video. This kind of passion will drive mankind to the future, not technology alone. Cheers.

[@alexczech8468]

Love it, so well done!!

[@jameshickman5299]

I love your videos, and I’m always intrigued by your take on the history of technology and its impact on the progress of society. I’ve missed your wonderful, informative material. I look forward to the next video on the printing press, and eagerly anticipate your treatment of other things. Let’s be careful out there.

[@thomasvmanning]

Been a while! Thanks for content!

[@neilfurby555]

Great work, wonderfully researched, edited and presented. Deserving of a huge audience!

[@Jman00926]

Good seeing your stuff again!

[@Zarzapan]

Your vids are always interesting. Learn something every time. Thank you

[@theJellyjoker]

Yeah I can read a book on a computer screen but paper is so much more satisfying.

[@ryancadell76]

The channel LIVES! Only 3 days late for me to notice a new video.

[@evensgrey]

Quirks of early printing technology sometimes produced strange spellings. In English, we spell the words 'love' and 'glove,' bur pronounce them 'luv' and 'gluv'. This appears to be because the first printer to set up in England and start printing English-language books in England had a glitch in his typeface that tended to close up the top of his 'u,' so he started to replace it with a more consistently printable 'o' which rapidly became the accepted spelling because it was first.

[@rustyspurs771]

Ahoy and Machine Thinking dropping videos in the same week. Incredible. We're not worthy.

[@jallapeno242]

This is so interesting even for a mechanical design engineer. There is always new things i snap up whenever i hear about Gutenberg. Please follow up how printers has developed and how modern printers work :) Great video!

[@flewprettygood8911]

I have just watched both of the screw videos and I now truly realize. Math, geometry, and history were the most important studies in school. Yeah science and writing is cool but for blue collar people ( which is most of us btw ) those subjects are what we need. Imagine saying, hang on and I’ll do the math. You break out your paper and write it out and check it. Or with knowing geometry well, how creative you can be just by simple knowing shapes. Mix both of them and you can do anything. My dad always said “ math never lies” . Thankyou

[@renehagha1414]

Need to get back at it and post more. Great videos.