The Tropaeum Traiani at Adamclisi, Romania bears witness to one of the bloodiest forgotten battles in Roman history. Check out my other channels @toldinstone and @toldinstonefootnotes
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@SorinNicu8 ай бұрын
I visited that piece of history in my childhood and later as adult. The reconstruction makes it look irreal, too "new". It's humbling to think that people 2000 years ago carved those... Human life is just a blink in time.
@jonathanj83038 ай бұрын
Another piece of history I never knew about. But I also love the design of the museum - stand on the ground floor and you see the monument from the context of a contemporary viewer, albeit 'unwrapped'. But go up some steps and you can stand on the mezanine behind the merlons and now see the upper stone just as clearly. So simple and effective yet so few collections are actually displayed with that kind of forethought.
@radu_nedelcut8 ай бұрын
So stoked you found the time to visit some of the Roman vestiges from my home country of Romania. Have been following you for a long while and I never thought you would make it this far into the outskirts of the Roman world. I hope you enjoyed Romania. I find it interesting that this particular monument was erected in a different Roman province than Dacia. Nowadays both the conquered province of Dacia and the monument are geographically situated in the same country of Romania so we tend to think of them as a common Roman legacy. But back then what is nowadays Dobrogea, România (where the monument is) used to be part of Moesia Inferior and had been part of the Roman Empire for quite a while when Dacia was conquered.
@seaman57057 ай бұрын
It was not a province of Dacia at that time - it was Moesia Inferior , Civitas Tropaensium. It was just a battle with a union of barbarian tribes which attacked Roman possessions . Decebalus Dacia was much smaller , exactly what the Romans conquered in 106 . Like on Trajans Column, you can see Dacians were helped by various other tribes in their fights against Romans - Sarmatians, Germanics, Roxolans . This was not a kingdom but a conjunctural military alliance .
@BozesanVlad4 ай бұрын
@@seaman5705 So conjunctural that Dacian capital was literally named "Sarmis e Getusa"... Indeed :)
@seaman57054 ай бұрын
Uau - dacopatii au renuntat la "puritatea" dacilor si au descoperit ca nu prea se trag doar din geti ? Ati descoperit si ca getii nu erau chiar traci ? Ati descoperit si ca dacii nu au existat pana pe la sfrsitul secolului 2 BC ? Bun si cum crezi ca ce spui tu aduce Adamclisi in regatul lui Decebal ? Vezi ca ungurii au o teorie cum ca Sarmizegetusa ar insemna ceva in limba lor spurcata . Atunci sa va vad ce mai inventati la scoala de handicapati mintali - Roxin & Vinereanu !@@BozesanVlad
@seaman57054 ай бұрын
1. VARIANTA MITICĂ SARMIS (HERMES) + GETUZO (GEȚI) = GEȚII LUI HERMES 2. ‘The citadel built of the palisades on mountain peak’ from ZERMI (*gher-mi, mountain peak, top cf. *gher ‘stone’, ‘high’) and ZEGE-T (*geg(h)t) ‘City of warm river’ from ZARMI ‘warm’ (derived from Sanskrit gharma ‘warm’) and ZEGET ‘flow’ (derived from Sanskrit sarj, bactrien harez; sarjana, harezâna ‘flow’), the city being named after the nearby river Sargetia ‘The palace that illuminates the world of life’ from "ZARMYA" ‘palace’ (Sanskrit harmya ‘palace’), ZEGETH ‘world of life’ (Sanskrit jagat, jigat ‘go’, ‘mobility / world of life’) and "USA" ‘illuminaing’ (‘enlightening’, ‘burning’) Ca sa nu mai aiurezi !@@BozesanVlad
@chiptenor8 ай бұрын
I never knew, outside of the famous column in Rome, that this particular monument existed also, about the Dacian wars. Very interesting. Good video.
@111111peti8 ай бұрын
I'm so happy you came to my country. Myself, this summer I visited Trajan's bridge in Drobeta, so that's cool! It says there that it was the longest bridge in antiquity. Whether that is true or not, I have no idea
@MTGnEWbie4208 ай бұрын
i live 5 min near the bridge , is my dog fav spot chilling there. And yes , it was the biggest bridge. they had to change the course of the danube to build it
@uraoshi8 ай бұрын
@@MTGnEWbie420 the Danube was much more shallow in the past as it had a very wide floodplain. many kilometers wide. it was deepened especially after the 1972 floods. it was easier to work on the bridge in the antiquity.
@chipwalter44908 ай бұрын
Please do more videos about Dacia!
@PhD7778 ай бұрын
Excellen video! Another unique thing depicted is the "anti-Dacian" armor worn by the Legionaries (facing the falx-wielding Dacians) consisting of armor made of mail or scales, greaves, and the segmented armor on the right arm.
@MichaelWilliams-tv1bm8 ай бұрын
You can also see the crossed reinforcing bars on the helmet as additional protection for the head.
@gatekperjr8 ай бұрын
I actually skipped back a few times to check out the armor. Its amazing to have sources like this. @@MichaelWilliams-tv1bm
@BarryMoreno-zx4dc8 ай бұрын
What an extraordinary bit of history with stones that have survived - or, rather, have not been destroyed. A wonder I knew nothing about until now. Thanks ever so much!
@constantinexi37438 ай бұрын
never knew this existed
@tensaibr8 ай бұрын
I wonder if in 2000 years, there will be a 2nd reconstruction, with a museum featuring the remnants of this reconstruction and a few scarce fragments of the roman original. In any case, it is wonderful to see this monument reconstructed to its former glory (even despite the lack of paint) Rome would be proud to see us still honoring their fallen legionaries :)
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
If you look carefully, you'll notice the stone steps around the monument, they look worn - they are the original ones, not reconstructed (at least partially so).
@Lightwooden8 ай бұрын
They honored the Dacians too, otherwise they wouldn't have made statues of them in their capital.
@uraoshi8 ай бұрын
maybe in the future they will have digital 3d scans safely stored and be ready to replicate anything from the past regardless of size
@guenoleadamantu89394 ай бұрын
There are no romans this days. All italians nowdays had under 1% romans DNA.
@scottclark75598 ай бұрын
Fascinating! I love all of the context in the video...as much as I would like to see it in person, it's so much better with a proper "guide". I've been to many historical sites, and without someone to interpret it, it's interesting, but doesn't come to life like it can with someone who knows it well.
@Redhand19498 ай бұрын
Thank you for this. It's something I'd never get to see on my own.
@benrobertson78558 ай бұрын
Bloody hell,you sound just like my fav…told in stone.thanks.subscribed
@spacelemur79558 ай бұрын
I heartily recommend the TRILOGIA DE TRAJANO by SANTIAGO POSTEGUILLO. Posteguillo writes quite a few historical novels, and his triology on Scipio (Africanus) is also brilliant. As far as I can tell, they are so far all in Spanish, but if you know the language at at least an intermediate level, give them a try. The man does his research very well, and can tell an engaging story. His books max out on the number of rating stars from the reading public.
@johnmccullough6548Ай бұрын
Well done, excellent overview of events and interpretation of the trophy.
@MrDowntemp08 ай бұрын
Are the 4000 names still memorialized? Or even still recorded anywhere? Or have they been lost?
@HistoriaMoneta8 ай бұрын
Anyone interested in learning the history behind trophies should read ‘The Greek and Roman Trophy’ by Lauren Kinnee. A thorough study on the archaic Greek origins of the trophy through the Roman adoption and evolution of the trophy as a tool of empire.
@vickilindberg63368 ай бұрын
Knew of T's column but not of this. Very interesting.
@francisjo38 ай бұрын
Amazing and wonderful this survives to this day!!!
@robertosans52508 ай бұрын
Great video. I had no idea of the existence of this worthy monument. Thank you for your detailed explanations.
@lexas18 ай бұрын
First time hearing of this monument. Awesome.
@bdhaliwal248 ай бұрын
It's amazing how well preserved this is. Thanks for featuring this on your channel.
@Thorvir8 ай бұрын
its been rebuilt (faithful to the original ) while the original was just a pile of bricks and rubble .
@Bayard15038 ай бұрын
It's totally rebuilt, all the original elements, the carvings, the statue on top are all in the museum down in the valley next to the ancient city. But the original monument, the mount, is under what you see now. So basically the modern building protects the old one underneath .... with special permits you can enter inside and see it, even go all the way to the top..
@cerberus66548 ай бұрын
Dr. G that was amazing. I never knew of it's existence. But the sculptural elements look very primitive - would that have been the result of the Romans hiring local artisans or because the army stoneworkers and masons were just trying their best?
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
From what I remember we learned in school, there were supposedly carved by the Roman soldiers themselves, as a homage to their fallen comrades and the hard won victory.
@cerberus66548 ай бұрын
@@adrian.farcas There we are! Thank you!
@paoloviti61568 ай бұрын
I was thinking the same as I was surprised to see such primitive sculptures. It could that it was done by the Legionnaires but I don't think that it was recruited local people simply slaves doing the heaviest work but I'm only guessing...
@cerberus66548 ай бұрын
@@paoloviti6156 Apparently it was the legionnaires, or at least a few of them. That's why the sculptures have that 'folk art' or homemade look to them.
@timhazeltine32568 ай бұрын
I'am not sure the hypothesis that the reliefs were carved by Roman soldiers has been confirmed. The monument's artistic style, which schematizes the naturalistic conventions of Greco-Roman art is characteristic of provincial art in much of the Empire including Britain, Gaul, Germany, and the Levant. From what I have read, indigenous artistic traditions heavily influenced art in the provinces. Eventually this less Classical style prevailed some 200 years later in Italy and Rome itself, as demonstrated by The Arch of Constantine, which juxtaposes reliefs salvaged from a monument of the Emperor Hadrian with sculptures featuring a much less naturalistic and schematic style similiar to Trajan's monument in Romania.
@hedgiecc8 ай бұрын
I didn't know about this at all! How amazing. Thanks for posting
@fedyno4reviews8 ай бұрын
Its incredible that people that descend from those conquered by the romans have the inclination to preserve history that celebrates the defeat of their ancestors.
@Shovi_8 ай бұрын
Well, our ancestors are now both romans and dacians, romans came in and intermingled with the natives, that's why our country is called ROMAnia.
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
Dacians didn't evolve from apes in those lands, they also conquered and assimilated the previous stone age (Neolithic) agriculturalists, which in turn assimilated the previous hunter-gatherers (Paleolithic). According to the latest research, the modern population genetic mix is about 30% Paleolithic, 50% Neolithic and only 20% contributed by the Indo-European migrations (Thracian/Dacian/Celtic/Roman). So about 80% similarity with those before the indo-europeans, and in fact much of their culture and certainly the ways of living (which lasted some 3000 years, more than any other afterwards, see Cucuteni-Trypillia culture) has been continued by the subsequent agriculturalists almost into the modern age. We celebrate the Romans because they were the last major piece of the puzzle and, most importantly, because of the linguistic continuity into the present.
@Lightwooden8 ай бұрын
@@adrian.farcasthank you
@eem80398 ай бұрын
@@adrian.farcasBravo Un raspuns concis si corect
@stefanocamoni2298 ай бұрын
If I remember Dacians after last war Dacians were erased and Dacia repopulated with Roman Citizens from different regions.
@R08Tam8 ай бұрын
There's the remains of a similar Trophy in the south of France near to Monaco
@eem80398 ай бұрын
Just a piece of rock
@marnox17557 ай бұрын
No it isn't? It's definitely worth visiting! The one discussed in the video is interesting but the restauration makes is look brand new :(
@Bayard15034 ай бұрын
@@marnox1755 That's fine because it doesn't try to trick anyone that it's the original... would you have preferred they made it more "worn out"..
@joseph84687 ай бұрын
Thank you for making this video.
@staffanlindstrom5768 ай бұрын
Amazing.
@davidec.40218 ай бұрын
This is incredible. Thank you
@redtobertshateshandles8 ай бұрын
That was great. Many thanks.
@cactuscoe90968 ай бұрын
00:36 He says "ornamented with 54 metopes". It took me a while to understand that
@qboxer8 ай бұрын
A true pity that we don’t have good literary sources. Fortunately, we have a great narrative source in this video!
@johnking62524 ай бұрын
Grave robbers.....the scourge of history ? Excellent video, thx. 👍
@JonathanLight18 ай бұрын
Amazing. Thank you
@cerracarmine8 ай бұрын
Wonderful
@michaeldriskell20386 ай бұрын
Thanks 😊so much for sharing this. I'm seeing things here I've never seen before or even knew about!!!😊
@odietamo93768 ай бұрын
This is astonishing! I never knew of it before. I’m beginning to realize that there is a lot to see in Romania for those who are interested in Roman history. Incidentally, were there no inscriptions on the monument? (I am not referring to the altar with the names of the dead.)
@unclecharlie.8 ай бұрын
google maps maps.app.goo.gl/1HBEF6xtURECPoZf6?g_st=ic
@user-nh5mq6kc9v8 ай бұрын
Really interesting to see the Romans wearing manaca while fighting the Dacians and their falx. Not sure if this monument was one of the main historical sources for the connection between those two pieces of equipment.
@kuukeli8 ай бұрын
thank you for the video
@tamascsizmadia17598 ай бұрын
You should visit Aquincum in Budapest :)
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Budapest is Aquincum, but Barbarianized
@BlastinRope8 ай бұрын
this trajan guy sounds like a chad
@BozesanVlad4 ай бұрын
He was, expecially the conquest of Dacia paid all Roman Empire debt and they lived afterwards from the spoils of Dacia. They still are. And he said after conquest: "I'm home". Of course, for no reason :)
@michaeldriskell20386 ай бұрын
Thank you!
@Misses-Hippy2 ай бұрын
I live near the Trophy of Pompee in the Pyreneese. Not much is left, but I would love for you to do a chapter on it.
@525Lines8 ай бұрын
Notice one item has a perfect circle cut out of it. Free scrap marble, I guess.
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
That one piece was recovered from the household of one the locals there - it was used as fountain/well stone, hence the round cut!
@1sheix8 ай бұрын
Please do Termessos
@neilsimpson31818 ай бұрын
Thank you.
@Songbirdstress8 ай бұрын
For people who don't know, "trophy" means "turning point". They were erected by Greeks, where the enemy dropped their weapons and fled, using captured equipment. Don't know if that was the case here.
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Tropaeum Traiani was erected by the Romans. But the idea of trophies comes from the Greeks, yes
@Bayard15034 ай бұрын
Fun fact: most of the original monument is still there... the reconstruction is basically a protective shell. The tower and the bas-reliefs had fallen during an earthquake but the mount survived. It's very hard to get a permit but you can go inside and visit (not much to actually see, bricks and mortar) and actually climb to the top, dangerous and scary. Anyway, I think the city built near the battlefield is much more interesting... it's huge and pretty well preserved, it can be seen from the top of the monument or from the edge of the cliff.
@skysurfer5cva8 ай бұрын
"Everybody gets a trophy." But Trajan gets a BIG trophy. 🙂
@Bayard15034 ай бұрын
Well, it's not a participation trophy, he actually won.
@skysurfer5cva4 ай бұрын
@@Bayard1503 I know that. I just made a joke, that's all.
@onetwothreefourfive123458 ай бұрын
Amazing video. Never knew about this
@johnnzboy8 ай бұрын
Super fascinating
@johndbrandhorst44348 ай бұрын
Kind of looks like bellows linked together for air or water 🤔
@timothytt5478 ай бұрын
How was the existence of the altar with the 4000 names known?
@madderhat58528 ай бұрын
I got 3 of those on my shelf at home. Ok, they were for 'participation' .😮💨
@virginiastanley81788 ай бұрын
The sculpture is very crude compared to the ARch of Galerius ,a much later build. Cruder than Trajans column in Rome. Its a spectacular monument despite that. The Dacians fought without armor evidently. They seem to have resisted the Romans quite well.
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Depending on the soldiers. Archeological discoveries shows Dacian scaled armour with helmet and shields.
@Carlton-B8 ай бұрын
Traditionally, trophies are erected on the site of a battle where the tide turned in favor of the victor. I wonder if there is a battle that can be associated with the site? I used to think that there were no trophies that had been found or excavated, except for the memorial to the naval battle of Actium. Now, I know better, but it isn't what I expected. I expected something less permanent.
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
the Battle of Adamclisi, of course...
@eem80398 ай бұрын
The decisive batle that led to the conquest of Dacia?
@pintiliecatalin8 ай бұрын
@@eem8039 The battle took place in the same extended campaign, in 102. But it is not part of the final battles that took place in 105-106 and culminated with the siege of Sarmisegetusa. It was one of the important battles of the war, but actually one where the romans where on the defence as the dacians tried an incursion into Moesia.
@alex-ff1mp5 ай бұрын
@eem8039 it was a large one. Might be the biggest field clash from that war, and the monument are for probably couple of smaller one with the last, large one near the Adamclisi - the biggest city in the area. There is a large plain in front of a step small plateau - hill, perfect suited for cavalry but also for roman infantry.
@33Donner778 ай бұрын
Thanks. "Tramples the foe underfoot." At least today's sculptures usually don't have that, but we still have far to go.
@charlesstauft16958 ай бұрын
Is there a book, site, or journal article where all of the panels on the trophy and/or column can be seen?
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
the wikipedia page on the monument has very good photos of all the metopes etc - look for "Tropaeum Traiani"
@teutonalex8 ай бұрын
4000 casualties? That’s almost a whole legion.
@fischerbasham6788 ай бұрын
So that’s where Rome 2 got that hairstyle for the Germanics! Haha
@etherospike39368 ай бұрын
A monument inscribed with the name of 4 000 soldiers who died in the Dacian wars ! The ancient version of Vietnam memorial !
@madzen1128 ай бұрын
The Romans never ran out of enemies
@DrPeculiar3128 ай бұрын
Wow, I didn't know Romans would inscribe the names of the soldiers that fell in battle on an altar. I always figured soldiers were more like an expendable resource to the Romans
@Diogolindir8 ай бұрын
I think the more we discover about them, they appear more human.
@odietamo93768 ай бұрын
Not at all. Veterans, upon retirement-which was, if memory serves, after twenty years service-received a lifetime pension. Also, throughout the Republic, it was all citizen soldiers.
@Edward1st12728 ай бұрын
Seriously
@czterookikral24668 ай бұрын
@@odietamo9376During the Empire, service in the legions lasted 25 - 30 years or even 40 years. After completing his military service, the veteran received a severance pay and a plot of land on which he could settle and make a living from farming.
@odietamo93768 ай бұрын
@@czterookikral2466 Yes, I am aware of that, but 40 years?! That seems awfully long, even by today’s standards. But at least during some periods during the empire a retired soldier received a pension. I was once at an ancient coin and small antiquities show and a dealer there had for sale such a pension document. It was about the size of a postcard, made of bronze, and had the text inscribed on it of the pensioner’s details and what he was entitled to annually. I badly wanted to buy it! However, it was beyond what I could afford at the time. I think I even took a photo of it, it so fascinated me.
@nated40704 ай бұрын
What a stunning monument this must’ve been at the time of its construction
@jg900498 ай бұрын
Sadly it became untenable to hold Dacia, surrounded as it was on three sides by hostile tribes and the province. had to be abandoned under Aurelian in the following Century.
@jorgefierro82418 ай бұрын
Love your channel, man, recently started a begginers corse for sculpting, this stuff makes my pp feel thingly.
@CristiNeagu4 ай бұрын
I hope you visited the nearby ruins of the Civitas Tropaensium castrum.
@Paul-lm5gv8 ай бұрын
The Roman Empire at its peak covered almost 2-million square miles!
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Yep, modern Romanian Dobrogea (Scythia Minor) was one of the provinces
@UnipornFrumm3 ай бұрын
I m romanian,iwas there when i was a child ,we did a school trip
@LP-ct6xe3 ай бұрын
Excellent video - thank you for sharing. Personally, I think the battle scenes are heavily biased towards the Romans, which is normal for they built the monument. Dacians, my ancestors, and Germans for that matter, were not pushovers.
@philipcallicoat31478 ай бұрын
The difference in war between armies back then was fought eyeball to eyeball... Nowadays,wars are fought with machines and at a long distance.... Same results, just different methods....☠️☠️☠️
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Not really same results. The killing is much worse, and takes the life of hundreds of thousand people, if not millions
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Romania actually re-constructed the monument, it was partly destroyed, but archeological research has made it possible to give an idea how the monument actually looked like. If it wasn't for us to conquere back a historical Latin province like Dobrogea in the Second Balkan war, we can surely say no one would have made any efforts to re-make this gift the Roman's have left us.
@seaman57057 ай бұрын
Dobrogea was not conquered in the Second Balkan War , but was given to Romania in 1878 after Treaty of Berlin concluding Russo-Turkish war that we call Independence War . Somehow the Russians as winners, gave up Dobrogea in exchange for south of Bassarabia . And it was not a conquer back , since only Mircea the Elder owned for few years Dobrogea taking advantage of the fall of Bulgarian Empire - he quickly lost it to Ottomans . Dobrogea belonged to Romans, than Slavs (610), than Bolgars , than Ottomans . It was Romanized after 1878 . In 1878 a max of 15% of population was Romanian and was placed along the Danube . What you know about Balkan War , was south Dobrogea (Cadrilater) being taken by Romania when Bulgaria was defeated . Population in Cadrilater was 90% Bulgarian , so we have no reason to be proud that we stole other's land .
@InAeternumRomaMater7 ай бұрын
@@seaman5705 If it is wrong for us to take our ancestral land, as we are children of our mother Rome, then it is obviously wrong for the Bulgarians to live in a land that they stole centuries ago? And you are right, it was the independence war not the Balkan War, thank you for your correction. While you are certainty right that Ioan Mircea the Great did conquere Despotate of Dobromir for a short period of time, it is very ignorant to exclude the fact that most of Moesia (including Dobrogea) was part of our Empire that we Vlach's founded in 1185 after our revolt urged upon us by our two vlach brothers Asan and Peter. While the Empire was obviously called Bulgaria, it acted as an "translatio imperii", just as the name Holy Roman Empire. So, we had Dobrogea for hundreds of year's, before the conquest of Mircea, and it was Latin even before the arrival of the Bulgarian's.
@seaman57057 ай бұрын
Petty nationalism , my brother ! We are the descendants of Vlachs which in turn were the descendants of the mighty Romans , but the Empire was a Bulgarian one - they were the landlords , they were the masters . Even if the Vlachs helped with their revolt in creating the Second Empire , I very much doubt that the Asen brothers were Vlachs . And even if they were , they acted as Bulgarians, not siding with the Vlachs . In 1241 , if I remember correctly , one of the descendants of the Asens , forbid the Vlachs to use their Latin language and religion under death punishment . Probably it was one of the turning points in convincing the Vlachs to migrate north of Danube and to end in giving birth to our ethnicity . I don't even want to open the discussion about the etymology of the name Asen or Asan - but while I know many Asen in Bulgaria , I don't know any Asan in Romania . And if one would exist , would have Turkish roots and would have a deprecated name which once was Hasan . But to return to Dobrogea - it was Bulgarian allright up to the Ottoman conquest , than it was Ottoman . It was conquered by the Russians and ceded to Romania in exchange for southern Bessarabia . As I mentioned , Romanian population was scarce and by the side of the river which means , Romanians only crossed Danube for fishing. When you don't have a majority of a population in an area and you never had it, you don't claim it like yours . It is too idiotic, nationalistic, chauvinistic , irredentist.@@InAeternumRomaMater
@InAeternumRomaMater7 ай бұрын
@@seaman5705 You must have been a very smart student in ur history class. The so called "Second Bulgarian Empire" was founded by the Vlach's, and the brother's were Vlach's. Niketas Choniates, the Byzantine Chronicler who lived between 1155-1217, described the revolt as following: "When Vlachs were afflicted with the disease of open rebellion, the leaders of this evil being those I cited above,''''''' the Emperor marched out against them [spring 1186]. (..) At first, the Vlachs were reluctant and turned away from revolt urged upon them by Peter and Asan, looking askance at the magnitude of the undertaking. To overcome the timidity of their compatriots, the brothers built a house of prayer in the name of the Good Martyr Demetrios." He also states that the two brothers, Asan and Peter were of the same race and origin as the Vlach's: "And after the nations of the East have calmed down, receiving both random gifts and annual gifts (for this is how the leaders of the Roma today know how to win the good will of foreigners, longing for peace, like young maids who busy themselves with the torso ), wants to take a foreign wife, because the one he had lost by death. However, entering into negotiations, through messengers, with Bela, the king of Hungary, he took his daughter as his wife, who was not yet ten years old. But sparing to spend for the wedding feasts from the money of the treasury, he collected them unsparingly from his own lands; and, out of pettiness, he besieged other cities in the parts of Anhialos, secretly, but above all, he made the barbarians of Mount Haemus, who were formerly called Mysians, and now Vlachs, enemies of the Sies and the Romans. These, entrusted by the inaccessibility of the land in which they lived and relying on their fortresses, which are also very numerous and erected on steep rocks, once again submitted against the Romans; but then, finding the so-called pretext of Patroclus in abducting their flocks and oppressing themselves, they broke into a violent insurrection. And they were bringers of misfortune and agitators of the whole nation, one Peter and with Asan, of the same race and origin" Robert de Clari, a french Knight and writer in the 4th crusade called Ioannitsa Kaloyan (Little Ioan the handsome) as "Jehans li Blakis", which is medieval french for "John the Vlah". Niketas Choniates, just as he wrote above, the vlach's were before called Mysians (Mysian=Vlah), and he always called Ioannitsa as "Ioannitsa the Mysian", a perfect mirror between the two nicknames, and Choniates made it clear that a Mysian is a Vlah. The other french writers, like Villehardouin and Henri de Valenciennes’s, a very important mentioning is when they regard the "Blaquie" (Eng: Vlachia) as the country of its ruler "Burile" (Boril the Usurper) but calls it Great Vlachia (Blakie la Grant) in anticipation of its conquest by Emperor Henry. Which is the point that I'm making. The Empire, in its name have an "translatio imperii", which is the name used by the German's for their claim over the title "Roman Empire", as they believed their German Empire was the descendant of the Roman one. Which is the same case with the Vlach one, it claimed descendant of the Bulgarian one, but was not really Bulgarian, only after a Bulgarianization which happened in the last century of its existence. We know that Tsar Kaloyan claimed "translatio imperii" of his vlach empire from his letters with Pope Innocent IIIrd, Kaloyan the Vlah's letter: "In the first place we, as a beloved son, want from our mother, the Roman Church, a Tsar's crown and dignity, as our Emperors of old had them. As we find it recorded in our books, one was Peter, the second Samuil and others who preceded them on the throne." Innocent's reply: "You, however, humbly asked the Roman Church to give you a crown, as it is said in your books that it was granted to Peter, Samuil and your other predecessors of illustrious memory ... We, therefore, gave instructions that our registers be carefully read the better to assure ourselves and we learned clearly that many tsars were crowned in the land subordinated to you." Kaloyan the Vlah's response: "After that, last June, our Majesty sent our Archbishop and /head/ of the entire Bulgarian land and of the universal holy and great Church of Turnovo and a great man of my Kingdom, now raised to a Primate and Archbishop of all Bulgaria and Vlachia, named Vassilii, who, on his arrival in Drac was not allowed to proceed to Your Holiness, so that Your Holiness might fulfill the wish of our Majesty in accordance with the custom of my predecessors, the Tsars of the Bulgarians and the Vlachian's - Simeon, Peter and Samuil, the ancestors of myself and of all other Tsars of the Bulgarians." Note the titles he uses "Archbishop of the entire Bulgarian lands", "Archbishop of all Bulgaria and Vlachia", later Ioan Asan the Second, his own son calls himself "Tsar of all Bulgarians", it is the same tactic used by the German Emperor's of the Holy Roman Empire, but they were never Roman nor was the Empire Roman. It was a legitimacy claim. Now your argument around the name "Asen, Assen or Asan", it was of Cuman origin, no one is denying that, but so was the name of Basarab the Founder of literally an independent Principality of Vlach's, so was the name of Dobromir Chrysus a Slavic name for a Vlach chieftain around Macedonia who was mentioned being a "Vlach by race". So was Litovoi's name a Slavic name, so was Vlad Dracula's name a Slavic name, neither the name Ștefan in its original form was of Vlach origin. Already by the time of the Asănești revolt in 1185 were their names influenced by outside people, nothing knew. Now, I really need to know the source of where Ioan Asan the Second banned the Romance language of the Vlach's. The other thing I want to talk about is the fact that u claim we migrated north of the danube by the 13th century, when we know that vlach rulers from 10th-11th/12th century are mentioned, like Gelou, Menumorut and Ioannes of Onads, Duke of Wallachia
@edwardmiessner65028 ай бұрын
And that trophy at the top is in the form of a cross. ✝️
@ionbrad67538 ай бұрын
I see shields ...
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
It is not really the idea behind the monument. Trajan was quite Anti-Christian
@calinnilie8 ай бұрын
How did you enjoy Romania?
@kaiokendo8 ай бұрын
Could You complement the destroyed monument with the recontruction??
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Of what I understood, the original one is underneath the reconstruction, it is still preserved and you can visit it
@kaiokendo8 ай бұрын
@@InAeternumRomaMater but he never show the reconstructed coat of arms and the dissapeared pieces or why them dissapeared
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
@@kaiokendo What re-constructed coat of arms? And two pieces (of what I know) has fallen in the danube river, if there's other missing pieces, then they might have either been stolen or not found/destroyed. Still, the reconstruction is a very good picture of what Tropaeum Traiani looked like back then, and the original one is preserved plus many items from the original triumphal monument
@andreweaston17798 ай бұрын
The final shot, is the reconstruction missing pieces at the bottom?
@adrian.farcas8 ай бұрын
I think those are from the remaining original stones - as the steps below, which are also mostly original. Before reconstruction, what was left there was only the core mound mostly made from earth on top of those stairs, while the former shell of stones and carvings were scattered all around. The carved stones are now in the nearby museum and the monument shell was reconstructed with copies of the originals. Originally, like 140 years ago, they were planning to take them all to Bucharest and reconstruct the monument there in a public plaza somewhere (using the original carvings and stones) but it never happened...
@WanderingProphet8 ай бұрын
The lorica segmentata doesn't seem to appear anywhere in those scenes, unlike in Trajan's column, where it was widespread.
@alex-ff1mp5 ай бұрын
it was a winter battle in the first campaign, but lorica segmentata is here also as you can see in min 3:30 in the video. It was a mix of old and new, auxiliaries included. In the second campaign (after few years) the roman army deployed the update. At the time when the columns was erected the most prevalent/models is mostly used.
@billylozito17898 ай бұрын
are the roman wearing chain mail armor in those panels?
@matthewferro44497 ай бұрын
Would it have been painted?
@valevisa84298 ай бұрын
I didn't know there were German tribes in 102 in Dacia ?!!!
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
Bastarnae were probably Germanic
@Edward1st12728 ай бұрын
Why is it mysterious? Its a stamp. A stamp of power on the land. Vini vidi vici
@InAeternumRomaMater8 ай бұрын
It was destroyed when the Germans first discovered it when the Ottomans send them to study the geography of Dobrogea. We Romanians re-built it with the help of archeological research. That's probably why he calls it "mysterious"
@Edward1st12728 ай бұрын
@@InAeternumRomaMater ahhh thank you for explaining this Thats a great back story. Very indiana jones.
@marshalleubanks24548 ай бұрын
A very nice episode about a feature I had never heard of before - but I don't get, why is this "mysterious?" It seems like a pretty standard (if large) piece of victory propaganda.
@user-ts2fc9vw3z8 ай бұрын
What was so mysterious about the trophy?
@guenoleadamantu89394 ай бұрын
When you have a piece of evolve civilisation ages 2000 year ago - it”s great! Someone can”t understand that.
@patrickparsons23788 ай бұрын
There is nothing mysterious about it. It is war memorial as well as a tropaeum, placed at the site of an earlier Roman defeat under Domitian in the First Dacian War.
@teodora72193 ай бұрын
what in the name of the place in Romanian? I do not understand from the video. Maybe because of the American pronunciation.
@teodora72193 ай бұрын
found it. It is here: ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamclisi,_Constan%C8%9Ba
@Perparim-gp1ef3 ай бұрын
Trajan is dardan ilirian pellazgia pellazgian
@wordscapes56908 ай бұрын
I have always wondered why Roman art - I mean the ability to depict the human form naturalistically and convincingly - declined so very rapidly. Within just over a century, they went from classical Greek perfection to crude naive depictions devoid of perspective and subtlety.
@miletusdidim85565 ай бұрын
Perhaps because `naturalistic` representation in the visual arts doesn't come 'naturally' to the untrained artist. In fact, it takes a lot of study and apprenticeship, i.e. a lot of education. The dark ages of migrations and devastation are not exactly the best environment for the transmission of artistic skill and education.
@wordscapes56905 ай бұрын
@@miletusdidim8556 The “Dark Ages” produced some of the greatest books, treatises, architecture, and philosophical doctrines that have ever existed. I don’t think lack of education was the issue. I think the mindset was different.
@miletusdidim85565 ай бұрын
Skill must be learnt first and cultivated through artistic practice in a propitious environment. Another factor might be lack of demand. There must be demand for certain conventions of artistic representation. Perhaps, at the Empire's peripheries, in the distant provinces, such demand did not exist. What was an eyesore for the sophisticated Roman patrician was perfectly acceptable for the rudimentary colonist of Scythia Minor.
@wordscapes56905 ай бұрын
@@miletusdidim8556 I suspect it was a philosophical introspection that did it - that is, the Christian faith. People became more interested in what was going on in the spheres of the metaphysical, the supernatural, and the speculative. The outward, material world was (and often still is) seen as sinful, tarnished, broken, and tainted. Whatever the reason, the change is stark and remarkably quick.
@miletusdidim85565 ай бұрын
I agree that Christianity brought about a transition towards an increased schematism in the visual arts. However, it might be a bit too early to speak about this in Trajan's lifetime.
@brianjones28998 ай бұрын
That terrible excavation of the tomb was recent by the look of the loose sides. Someones likely had an excavator in there. A real shame on Rumania.
@Lightwooden8 ай бұрын
"Rumania" Haha keep yourself safe bózgór.
@eem80398 ай бұрын
I see you are an expert in Romanian history maybe you should bring an excavator here to hunt yourself for some treasures It would be fun
@ionbrad67538 ай бұрын
No way is that "recent". Recent might be some additional "skirmishing" but, the vamdalization of the tomb was done already in antiquity. A lot of vicious migrators went thru, after Romans: Gots, Huns, Slavs, Bulgars, Turkic Pechenegs, Cumans, Tartars, Ottomans...
@m.e.3458 ай бұрын
So upsetting what is happening in Israel and Palestine.. but it seems that such conflicts over territory are the way of man.