The New Look of Spinosaurus

Spinosaurus - now with 50% more spines.
Recently a new paper came out describing the first relatively complete tail found of Spinosaurus, changing the look of this dinosaur and suggesting it was very well-adapted for swimming.
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Sources:
www.nature.com/articles/s4158...
www.nationalgeographic.com/sc...
www.nationalgeographic.com/sc...
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
www.nytimes.com/2020/04/29/sc...
zookeys.pensoft.net/article/4...

[@AllosaurusJP3]

spinosaurus :"this isnt even my final form"

[@androyus]

Btw, which part of Spino's body left that we haven't found the complete fossil? Just curious.

[@Imurai]

@@androyus I'm convinced those neural spikes aren't complete. Once we have those, we'll hhave a more coomplete picture of the animal.

[@shinygamer3424]

@@androyus I'm pretty sure most of the limbs haven't been found yet. Just Wait till it turns out he had fins

[@hyperion3145]

@Grant Willis Three sails

[@andrewsuryali8540]

@@androyus Just look at the orange-and-white drawings of the bones shown in this video. The orange are all the bones already accounted for. Everything white we don't have yet.

[@droopsmoop]

The spinocopter caught me offguard ngl

[@i-never-look-at-replies-lol]

I read that as sphinctocopter and assumed scientists had found a flying dinosaur that loved shitting on everything from the air and named it after that fact

[@raklibra]

I think the spinosaur’s sail is the key to understanding how it functioned underwater. As water pressure doubles does it somehow aid in stabilizing and providing buoyancy, neutral buoyancy, or diving ability? Models have to be made.

[@CrustyMcButternuts]

@@i-never-look-at-replies-lol They're called pigeons.

[@AifDaimon]

John DC it was quite funny though

[@akoski12]

It had me laughing no lie

[@sprazz8668]

2022: New spinosaurus fossil found with parts strongly resembling a modern helicopter.

[@colk5373]

2030: new spinosaurus fossil found that spinosaurus had a stand

[@tonyromano6220]

Sprazzmatic internal combustion engine bones.

[@ianbuilds7712]

spinocopter takes rolls Royce to court for infringement on it's 100 million yr old turbine engine design... nevermind the tail rotor idea every helo design clearly stole.. in the future spinocopter will be more careful with his breakthrough aviation design ideas

[@pumad.marius3588]

@@colk5373 such a good comment and no one properly reacting to it

[@tobiasjensen1504]

Interior crocodile alligator Spinosaur: STANDO POWAH

[@cementcar9196]

I imagine in a couple years, Spinosaurus is going to be an aquatic, flying, multi-headed hydra

[@MrWhatdafuBOOM]

So, a King Ghidorah of the seas.

[@nutcrackerreal100]

MrWhatdafuBOOM that’s terrifying, he just propels himself at astonishing speeds and takes chunks out of other animals

[@MrWhatdafuBOOM]

@@nutcrackerreal100 And instead of hurricanes, he creates giant maelstroms.

[@hopetagulos]

The Leviathan...

[@Never_heart]

Still less wtf than Platypus

[@matteussilvestre8583]

Spinosaurids: "Why can't you just be normal?" Spinosaurus: *screams*

[@carterkc6429]

This comment is SO underrated

[@RikoJAmado]

"I hate you, PAM! I want to go live with my real mom!"

[@roldiv1574]

Relatable

[@altithoraxperotorum5133]

Baryonx and other spinosauroids : ight ima head out

[@alexdurain3753]

Well keep in mind that many spinosaurids don’t posses a complete skeleton much like Spinosaur. there could yet be a stranger looking one

[@jeanmckinzie2799]

Early 2000s: ISPAYNOSAURUZ T-REX KILLAH 2018-2019: venti dimetrodon 2020: Walking mosasaur platypus

[@wtwta.17452]

G O D literally just Platypus but it’s scarier and bigger

[@rogertriceratopes2317]

Spinossaurs:the platypus of the cretacius. My god i want so bad to this nickname to catch

[@BuckROCKGROIN]

2001

[@kingofflames738]

"What's this? A Spinosaurus?" *Puts on fedora* "*Gasp!* Perry the Spinosaurus!"

[@shinygamer3424]

@@wtwta.17452 Platypus requiem

[@wochaoainigejiba1211]

At the end of the day, it doesn’t matter if spino was a water-ground type or ground-water type so long as it can use hydro pump

[@foreveruseless1292]

Lmao

[@eliphashunter960]

That is completely ridiculous. Everybody knows that all Fossil Pokemon have to be Rock type, not Ground.

[@spinomania1921]

I'm just gonna run aqua tail, spino seems like a physical attacker

[@justsomechupacabrawithinte2782]

I need to find out if it get’s rock or ground stab

[@rehnhuang1529]

@@eliphashunter960 dracovish, dracozolt, arctovish and arctozolt: we already know we're jokes...

[@DarthWall275]

Palaeontologists in 2040: "We now have sufficient evidence to conclude that the Spinosaurus was, in fact, a space-faring dinosaur, and it could shoot lasers from its mouth"

[@xiphactinusaudax1045]

yeah, paleontologists are gonna mess up their grammar like that funny enough comment, too, I gave it a like. (Felt like I needed to say that so you wouldn't get defensive after the first sentence, your comment is not that bad)

[@Origamigryphon]

Indeed, the Dinosaur Laser Fight was a true thing of beauty

[@electrolysisresearch8013]

That is a grievous misconception the lasers come from its eyes and the fire comes from its mouth, and it's not even fire it's radiation breath.

[@BLKBRDSR71]

Godzilla's dad confirmed.

[@gunkanjima3408]

Finding new information on a species absolutely changes what we previously knew about said species… All these comments make it seem like scientists and paleontologists have no idea what they’re talking about

[@macrussell78]

I love his cultural evolution from being generic t-rex with a sail to a semi aquatic croc/bear.

[@bowserfriend]

A croc or a bear alone is scary already let alone them combined

[@franciscoguinledebarros4429]

Croc-bear? Oh God

[@melvinshine9841]

Croc-bear-murder hippo.

[@slappy8941]

Ursacrocoduckopus.

[@invisiblejaguar1]

Or giant ancient newt of death!

[@flioink]

Coming up : Spinosaurus fossil found with intact wings...

[@Kay_213_]

Oh naw

[@good7bad138]

Why did I hear Tom Tucker?

[@unclekanethetiberiummain1994]

Spinosaurus fossil found buried with stone tools and a utahraptor pet.

[@hamsacc]

@@good7bad138 I see you everywhere lol

[@trabaregocer]

Or feathers. It was a large duck all along.

[@gabrieled.r427]

2030: *"Spinosaurus had wings"* Me: Why I am not surprised?

[@sunkim2521]

End of the world spinosure wasnt a dinosure🤣

[@maul1737]

2040: spinosaurus is a fungus

[@AnAmericanMusician]

2050: "Spinosaurus could spit acid." "FFFFFFUUUUUUUUUU--!!!"

[@sydneyatkins6249]

3000: Spinosaurus could survive in space for up to a decade

[@arrezz2078]

3500: Spinosaurus was telepathic and could communicate with beings from other dimensions

[@choxoletyo8518]

20 years later: New spinosaurus sail suggests spinosaurus built the pyramids

[@imcodezero1112]

the fact it lived in egypt aswell 💀

[@imcodezero1112]

Imagine this theory was true

[@exterminatusbutton8723]

@@imcodezero1112 that means theoretically, the lizard people theory could be correct.

[@indomspark01]

bro💀

[@MrLolguy93]

Helicoprion: How many baffling reconstructions are you? Spinosaurus: Like 5 or 6 Helicoprion: You are like little baby. Watch this

[@Tibovl]

Just wait until 4:40 gets proven to be true and spinosaurus gets renamed helicoptrion.

[@maciejrejowski4682]

@@Tibovl Spinocopter?

[@CCSABCD]

Any good video on the Helicoprion?

[@myriambl5852]

For anyone interested in reading a GREAT book on Helicoprion (and other cartilaginous fish), I suggest "Resurrecting the Shark" by Susan Ewing

[@steven7isaacs550]

at this point, you might just be on to something

[@rogertriceratopes2317]

Paleontologists:makes a discovery that changes spinossaurs body A few months later... Paleontologists:Wanna see me do it again?

[@GotPotatoes24]

I study paleoanthropology, you have NO idea how many times the same thing has happened to Neanderthals.

[@Ninth_Penumbra]

Spinosaurus, the Transformer of the Cretaceous era - now with swimming tail!

[@Newbmann]

@@Ninth_Penumbra next with fucking electro reception oh wait YOU HAVE GOT TO BE JOKING THIS GIANT HAD ELECTRO RECEPTION man this makes humans specialization look like nothing comparison YOU HAVE HANDS FOR TOOL USE COOL I have a snout that can sense small vibrations in water GET ON MY LEVEL

[@Ninth_Penumbra]

@newb mann The *Spinosaurus* does seem to be an extraordinarily unique critter, remarkably adapted for a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Though it does _appear_ peculiarly front-heavy, with hind/primary legs which seem slightly too far back to be at the balance point (center of gravity). For me, how this would work out is an intriguing question. Perhaps it has much denser/heavier bones in the tail to counter it's buoyancy. Many semi-aquatic organisms (like ancestral whales) have this adaptation. I'm also pretty curious about where it lived in the environment of the whole vast (there's never been any river/lake/estuary system at this scale, before or since) *_Kem-Kem River/Wetlands/Lakes/Estuary System_* & how that would have influenced it's attack strategy. Crocodiles are stealth hunters, but Spiney couldn't stay completely hidden underwater due to that wonderful spinal sail (the purpose of which is still a puzzle up for debate). There were some seriously wide/deep lakes & rivers, full of deadly fish & other dangerous creatures, and some damn big ones, too: • *Mawsoniidé* A 4-5 meter long/300+kg giant lobe-finned fish. • *Lepidotes* a 500+kg/2.5 meter long goldfish on steroids. • Not to mention some big sharks & some humongous *Sawfish/Sawsharks* estimated at weighing 2.5 metric tonnes, over 9 meters long & with a 4 meter long *_Rostrum_* studded with 10cm long teeth (Note that *Cartilaginous* fish - like *Chrondrichthyes/Sharks/Rays* - don't fossilize all that well, but the *_Rostrum_* is composed of denser pseudo-bony cartilage, with a high enough calcium content to fossilize). They also have one of the most sophisticated Electrosensitive systems in nature, with a high density of *_Electroreceptors_* called the *_The Ampullae of Lorenzini_* densely dotted on the underside of it's gigantic *_Rostrum_* to find fish hiding beneath the muddy seafloor & slash them into bloody shreds. There'd have to be an immense number (& diversity) of fish & other organisms to support the uniquely large number of predators living in this region & era.

[@tbc1880]

@@Ninth_Penumbra what was the foliage in the area I wonder idea just popped into my, it's 4 am brain is what if the sail was more designed to help camouflage it as a bunch of plants floating in water or even if some of the non boney parts allowed for it to brush against foliage on land and have it stick to the sail, since cartilage doesn't preserve well maybe there is some extras onto it that may add more function. As weird as this thing already is who knows it may have a special organ connected to its lungs in some way that fills up with air to help increase bouancy while it has maybe more fat to make it weigh more and sink. But who knows.

[@ford7372]

Paleontologist: _Can you tell us exactly how do you look like?_ Spiny: *Laughs in extinct* *_No_*

[@rafaelalodio5116]

Maybe one day, maybe one day.

[@wlt3r382]

*95% of the ocean hasn't been discovered..* Spinosaurus: haha i go hide hide

[@noirody6256]

@@wlt3r382 i'm not exaclty a paleontologist but i don't think the fossils of spinosaurus would be in the ocean

[@beanapprentice1687]

@@noirody6256 there are tons of fossils of land-dwelling animals found in the middle of the ocean. This is because of the movement of tectonic plates, which, over millions of years, can bring land masses that were once above the ocean down into it, bringing the fossils with them. Similarly, you can find fossils of extinct ocean creatures in the peaks of mountains, because that land was once under water.

[@averyniceguy3964]

I imagine god laughing at us

[@budja1501]

Hey Spino, no matter what happens you'll always be my favorite dino

[@randomancrossoverfan]

It’s no longer a super T. rex. But being a hippo crocodile so well adapted to the water it grew fins and a fish tail is pretty scary

[@budja1501]

@@randomancrossoverfan we lost spino as a giant t-rex.... but in the process we got godzilla.

[@MemerCat0]

@@budja1501 we got dino platypus

[@joonaromer5302]

@@randomancrossoverfan I like him so more cause he looks so cool

[@indomspark01]

same

[@galapagos6186]

Spinosaurus is like the platypus of theropods in terms of weirdness.

[@chondrya942]

@@resurrectedhelicoprion Listen kid, I don't have much time. The correct helicoprion reconstruction is-

[@kel000001]

The tail would make a good looking great sword

[@countlazuli8753]

That or Deinocheirus.

[@altaccount9903]

@@resurrectedhelicoprion Well you are not really a shark.

[@penguinsrockrgr8yt216]

“He’s a semi aquatic egg laying mammal of action”

[@tiwapptya13]

That flying joke caught me off guard, gave me a good laugh. This why this channel is my favourite place for paleontology news

[@RoseBaggins]

Right? It was brilliant.

[@BluemountScore]

Loved it!

[@KyleBlues1]

I mean if nothing else it's comparable to the absurd lengths some people will go to to claim spinosaurus wasn't aquatic.

[@pauloazuela8488]

It's unexpected though. That Spinocopter got me good

[@BaldEagle777]

Lol ikr hahaha

[@todum7104]

I feel like the spinosaurus is one of the most unique dinosaurs ever Being the biggest carnivorous dino everywith a sail on tail and back crocodile like head, huge claws and the only semi aquatic dinosaur ever He deserves more respect

[@Jedtumble]

Stephano T it’s not the biggest carnivorous dinosaur . T. rex is much more massive

[@yutyrannusfanboy5873]

@@Jedtumble bruh

[@j0JP]

@@Jedtumble spino is 17 meters in lenght whilst rex is 14/15 at max.

[@KhanMann66]

@@j0JP Biggest is measured by mass not length. T rex wins by a land slide.

[@j0JP]

@@KhanMann66 well ye trex is a fat boi but still shorter than giga and spino

[@spaceginger7627]

Just imagine how cool it would be to see an accurate spinosaurus in a jurassic world movie.

[@andytrevino4077]

If that were the case then we'd probably need all the other dinosaurs to follow suit. Even as we discover new things, I'm wondering how they'd pull off a scientifically accurate dinosaur movie; maybe as a Walking With Dinosaurs-esque documentary that doesn't feel like a kids cartoon?

[@bkjeong4302]

Have it replace the "mosasaur" as the new aquatic threat.

[@nutcrackerreal100]

Bk Jeong tbh that could work, seeing how suitable it is in water, it could be a new water threat

[@ozzman123]

I love the genetically altered monsters we have in the JP films. Even the book says that they are not scientifically accurate due to having DNA from other modern animals, the JP3 spino is actually a genetic hybrid, hence why it's not at all accurate [at the time it was]

[@ozzman123]

@New Lunar Republic Official yes very true but again this is from the genetics. The Raptors In Jurassic park are Deinonychus which at the time of the book shared the Latin Name Velociraptor, only their secondary names where Different. This is why they are much bigger than the Raptors found in Mongolia

[@Indoraptoad]

Say hello to the tadpole tail spoon.

[@osmosisjones4912]

The sail on the back was a dorsal fin. There probably was skin and muscle connecting the tale fin to the back fin

[@Gay_Priest]

Death Tadpole

[@FAKELIEN]

@@osmosisjones4912 Spinosaurus could probably stay in shallow water with just its fin sticking out to bask all while avoiding land, it possibly had webbed feet and and arms and some form of counter-shading. Imagine a furry spino with dark otter like fur, unlikely but than again it has had multiple changes throughout its history.

[@mr.mercury4247]

@@FAKELIEN animals that massive don't need hair. Take hippos for example.

[@CrescentGuard]

At this stage, if someone reconstructed Spinosaurus as a species of dragonfly I wouldn't be surprised.

[@CW56]

AardvarkLord you mean crocodile? I would kinda be surprised.

[@brianlevine871]

Spinosaurus might as well be a weird sea serpent or dragon at this point. Or heck, it could be a living helicopter like Ben G Thomas hinted at.

[@matteussilvestre8583]

The Gen 8 fossil Pokémon we needed.

[@stanrogers5613]

This sounds like a job for David Peters Man!

[@nassernasser6630]

Reconstruct Spinosaurus out of dragonflies. Cannot get any weirder

[@Princeify]

People who watched Jurassic Park: Nooooo you can't just completely redesign my childhood!!! all of my toys and memories!! Paleontologist: haha spiney boy go splash splash

[@d3hybrid713]

I can except at least walking/running upright i pray there is no knuckle dragging or insane slouch position unless it's hunting for fish

[@loading2112]

If they can create the abomination caled indominus rex i think its easy for them to create spinosaurus genetically modified to be a land based vicious evil man hunting dinousaur.

[@erennnjaeger2818]

D3 Hybrid indeed they cannot take away the spino walking on its hind legs most of the time

[@paulzan2246]

Also palaeontologist: haha T. rex beats Spino

[@d3hybrid713]

@@paulzan2246 why are we talking about a jurassic park debate completely different subjects bro can i get a comment that actually matters please

[@-ElysianEcho-]

Ah yes, even in a global crisis we can still rely on spinosaurus changing appearance every other month

[@mrx4022]

Next we'll find a Spinosaurus holding the Infinity Gauntlet

[@yutyrannusfanboy5873]

That will put a smile on my face

[@Azuriel03]

Lmao

[@buddershark300]

Not till June

[@MrBargill]

I am Unicron word!?

[@Spider-Man2094]

Plot twist, a Spinosaurus killed all the dinosaurs.

[@loweexpectations3222]

2017-spinosaurus 2020-Spineyersaurs

[@skateboardmd9163]

I was loving how Animal Crossing had depicted the Spinosaurus in the most recent depiction discovered, and now it's outdated.

[@JustASleepySloth]

OMFG "The tail propelled it through the air and the sail was a wing" I lost it

[@slappy8941]

I think everyone is missing the point: they said the sail would make it top-heavy, and cause it to tend to roll over, so it's clear that the "sail" was actually a keel. I think the spinosaur would enter the water to sufficient depth, roll over on its back, and use its tail to keep itself going on the right direction while it floated around, sipping umbrella drinks.

[@quitlife9279]

You joke but for all we know that may have actually been how the gigantic dinosaur swam, with legs in the air.

[@polarb.6554]

@@quitlife9279 possible

[@r.k845]

@@quitlife9279 ...

[@theangrysuchomimus5163]

Like otters swimming with their back facing down while eating sea urchins

[@rapidvetD]

Sipping cocktail and eating sushi

[@AresLeviathan]

New villain for JW: Dominion. Flying spinos. That breathe fire.

[@bartfoster1311]

Sounds like something from a Tremors sequel

[@matthewcron8842]

Spinodragons, those sound like they would sell.

[@playtime_foxy]

FIRST INDOMS THEN INDOS NOW SPINODRAGONS!? INGEN WHY!? 🤣😂😆

[@rafaelalodio5116]

They would be scary as fuck

[@dumitrulangham1721]

😂😍😂😂😂😂😂

[@AnkhAnanku]

The writer of the buoyancy paper got all butt-hurt because his model was invalidated by an unknown unknown. It was a good model given what he had to work with, but when such a major discovery upends your preconceptions you gotta change your thinking rather than dig in.

[@KhanMann66]

It's human nature. We hate being proven wrong

[@bkjeong4302]

The buoyancy paper used an inaccurate model even without taking this new tail into account.

[@AnkhAnanku]

@Bk Jeong did it? Lol serves me right for assuming w/o reading the paper myself!

[@EksaStelmere]

Witton was very defiant about that tail too. It's good to be skeptical, but why in the heck would a tail look like that if it can't be used to swim? xD

[@Herimhi]

They made spino too thin that why it was unbalanced

[@Alfonzo_the_Marine_Iguana]

His huge tail is just where he stores all of his love and positivity. :')

[@Dss-bm3rz]

This Dino just got even more terrifying and beautiful then it already was. Spectacular!

[@frankteng]

Every update on this dinosaur makes it cooler and cooler

[@gabesolis4402]

Spinosaurus getting that quarantine glow up

[@mrspeigel3593]

"She turned me into a newt!!!!" Spinosaurus 2020

[@saintpossum6036]

"A newt??" T-Rex

[@collincaperton6718]

@@saintpossum6036 "I got better" Spinosaurus

[@seni8494]

This discovery makes you really think that we know nothing about these animals. This thing used to be a Carnosaur with a Spine.

[@jesusramirezromo2037]

Imagine, if in a few years, we discover a new Spinosaur species with arm fins

[@rabbit0664]

@Boi! I agree. That would be pretty cool

[@whiteflame0713]

Hmm.. that's not impossible

[@MakinaMakinaMakina]

They could find one with a snorkle in its mouth and arm bands on and some scientists would still claim it lived on land.

[@WyrmrestAccord]

When you think spinosaurus coulden't get more cooler:

[@altithoraxperotorum5133]

Spinosaurus: allow to reintroduce myself

[@GodofSteel]

i think its less cool that the spinosaurus has stubby ass legs

[@maxim6088]

I hate the modern recreation of its arms... It looked like a make a wish paralyzed child on steroids... But realism is more important than cool looks...

[@altithoraxperotorum5133]

@@maxim6088 well that is mostly the reason because dinosaurs couldn't pronate their arms like mamal

[@muhammadfahmi2641]

It got nerf

[@spamletspamley672]

Thinking of the similar look of the 'sail' to that of 'sailfish', it strikes me, that, if the creature could completely submerge, the sail might counteract the sideways movements of the tail by blocking reaction with a much larger mass of water than the main body alone would provide. Spinosaurus would power forward with less whipping from side to side than without the sail acting as a side baffle. Again: thinking of it as an actual sail or fin: if there was appropriate musculature for 'trimming the sail', it could act to speed changes in direction by acting as a rudder.

[@miquelescribanoivars5049]

4:23 Since you don't mention it in the video I would like to point out that Henderson results are likely flawed since the anatomical model he used for Spinosaurus was not accurate to the actual fossils, mainly his model's torso was almost twice as narrow as the actual specimen. This feature was already observable on the original specimens described by Stromer so there was no excuse to get it wrong and likely it contributed to the results obtained in the study. 5:19 Or mayyyyyyybe... The results were different to those of coeval turtles and crocodiles because Spinosaurus would be at a much higher trophic level than the other much smaller reptiles studied.

[@bkjeong4302]

THANK YOU. Pretty much everything indicates Spinosaurus was indeed an aquatic predator.

[@garypfeiffer3489]

Sir Bedevere: what makes you think Ibrahim is a devil? JP3 Spinosaurus: well he turned me into a newt! Sir Bedevere: A newt? JP3 Spinosaurus: ... I got better.

[@benny_lemon5123]

🤣🤣🤣👍

[@miquelescribanoivars5049]

And still he could pull of the boat attack scene...

[@rabbit0664]

XD

[@telson1583]

Paleontologists in 2025: we discovered wy Spinosaurus went extinct: it evolved lightning-breath UNDERWATER

[@rattyeely]

Electric eel

[@matteussilvestre8583]

*Lagiacrus intensifies*

[@Nicoisbestboi]

@@matteussilvestre8583 cool you know lagiacrus? I fought one today

[@gloomyallo1830]

@@matteussilvestre8583 *Land and Sea tremble intensifies*

[@Nicoisbestboi]

@Raccoon Boi monster Hunter

[@oiartsun]

This is pure speculation on my part, but I can imagine that tail being used not so much for continuous swimming, but for a short, powerful burst of speed to propel the Spinosaurus in an ambush attack. Kind of like a crocodile, but spending more time in water deep enough that the tail would provide thrust, yet shallow enough that it could still either steady itself with its feet on the mud or briefly tread water until the moment of striking, making buoyancy less of an issue.

[@LordofFullmetal]

That does also solve the problem of it rolling over onto its side constantly. It wouldn't do that if the water's shallow enough for it to have its feet on the bottom. Plus, I think there's a lot of evidence that it would've filled an ambush predator niche similar to a crocodile.

[@quitlife9279]

I think it makes a lot of sense for it to mainly stand in shallow water and to use the tail for occasional bursts of speed, a lot like a hippo with a newt tail. But I'm not sure how effective it could hope ambush anything with eyes considering the freakin gigantic sail on its back... maybe aquatic animals but definitely not land animals like a croc.

[@oiartsun]

@@quitlife9279 - Yeah, I was thinking of an ambush on fish, mainly

[@Kag001]

@@quitlife9279 Would work if the sail was used as some type of lure. Certain color? Bio-luminescence? Heh, now I'm thinking how cool it would be that the spino was a night fisher.

[@EksaStelmere]

The buoyancy paper used an erroneous model where the spino was way too narrow. Tipping over was not a problem and that sail seems like it could help stabilize it while submerged. Having said that, I do appreciate the idea. At this point, we're getting a more and more complete image and conjecture is becoming less wild.

[@radcoon1610]

Imagine getting called lame because you had to adapt to your environment by a species that only evolved because you got killed by a flying rock. Ouch.

[@riqb837]

5:59 Spinal existencial crisis, looking his reflection on the water. “What am I?”

[@Archangelm127]

04:40 - LMFAO! Perfect delivery; it took a moment for my brain to get around that. My hat, Sir.

[@scaredpaul540]

I love this kind of jokes in serious documentary 😂😂😂

[@Invisibleplqnetsmusic]

The shape and length of its legs show pretty clearly it spent most of its time in the water

[@MineKynoMine]

Imagine if we find a fully aquatic spinosaurid

[@Dreadnoughtus308]

I would not be surprised

[@fire3532]

Plot twist, spinosaurus was actual a giant tadpole. But this begs the question........ *WHERE'S THE MOTHER?*

[@aCrocodileMan]

A frog with a spine there u go

[@Black-heart532]

Bruno Bucciarati.

[@cryingisthenosebleedoftheh790]

nah its just the in between of the crocodiles and some terrestrial carnivore.

[@axixax_axax]

@@cryingisthenosebleedoftheh790 r/wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooosh?

[@generalkenobianimations]

@@aCrocodileMan Colloso-frog with a spine*

[@Leptospirosi]

4:10 the new discovery I think is a revolution about Spinosaurus aquatic locomotion: the beast would dive and use the tail like a paddle to propel the body in the water, while the sail at the top of the back served as the tail of a plane to stabilize the animal against roll-over with help of the two rear palmed feet which served as the tail stabilizers. As once a aerodynamic Physicist told, a scarab is to large and heavy to fly because of the laws of physics, except nobody taught the scarab physics, so he flies anyway...

[@shako4907]

@Аleksa Despotović "“According to all known laws of aviation, there is no way that a bee should be able to fly."

[@lapislazuli9967]

I've always loved Spinosaurus and watching/reading updates on the amazing theropod is one of my favorite things to do and in my honest opinion I think that it just gets more interesting over the years.

[@anjap2746]

I was so excited to see the notification for this video!!!! Spino is the coolest bloody dinosaur ever; thanks for making this video :)

[@safron2442]

It's starting to get so weird that the spinosauridae family might have to get reworked in it's entirety

[@Akaryusan]

Imagine being so derived compared to others of your genus that it could genuinely be argued you don't belong in the genus that bares your name.

[@ciernselar6549]

@@Akaryusan If Spinosuchus weren't already taken by a Triassic croc I'd think Spinosaurus be renamed Spinosuchus

[@paleozoey]

@@ciernselar6549 you can't just rename a genus like that. basilosaurus is still basilosaurus even though we know it's a whale and not a lizard

[@altithoraxperotorum5133]

@@ciernselar6549 this isn't how dinosaur naming works. Brontosaurus and troodon agree

[@AnnaMarianne]

@@Akaryusan The family Spinosauridae is named after the genus Spinosaurus, which was the original sole member of the family, and the others were added later. If we end up splitting the family, then AFAIK Spinosaurus gets to keep the family name, and the others are designated into a new family of their own.

[@federicomerlin4312]

I think Spinosaurus is one of the most interesting ancient animals. This 2020 is becoming a year of important discoveries.

[@LordofFullmetal]

This. I'm SO interested in following how our image of Spinosaurus develops at this point. I loved it back when it was a theropod, but it's just getting more and more interesting the more we learn about it.

[@sandycee89]

The natural world (here on earth so far) is ceaselessly fascinating. That ‘disproportionately‘ large tail (given its purpose yet unknown) compared to its main body size, has a snake-like appearance, as though two different creatures got stuck together. Such a teeny head too.

[@WhiteRabbitTricks]

You are a legend! I love these videos. I watch them when I eat my breakfast every morning, changing the way I see the world every day. Keep em coming! :D

[@AvronPlays]

Spino is the real life lagiacrus confirmed.

[@BlackRaptor77]

Can you imagine Capcom making an aquatic Spinosaurus inspired Brute Wyvern?! I would love Capcom forever!

[@AvronPlays]

Manic Yamanacki Yeah that would be super cool! They’d have to bring back aquatic battles though.

[@EldritchIdiot]

*tremble of sea and land starts playing*

[@Lordobsidian630]

Would be awesome

[@TheAnimalKingdom-tq3sz]

*BEST. COMMENT. EVER!!!*

[@jurassicpark3spinosaurus645]

So basically like : Other carnivores : THIS IS MY FOOD, NO MY FOOD ! MY HADROSAUR MEAT ! Spinosaurus : Ight, Imma headout

[@Scazoid]

Spinosaurus: *middle finger* Carcharodontosaurus: oh damn, thats a huge arm.

[@goatrex9195]

@@Scazoid ..... not cool spino

[@Spike_The_Beach_Buddy]

Chilantasaurus:errrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr.......

[@taylorboultinghouse8296]

What a quality video! Thank you for sharing. As for the the sail on the spinosaurs back: with the surface area that it has, it would have acted as a vertical stabilizer like an airplane. With it being so tall, the sail would effect the sail with a lateral force. The sail would act on the spine that should produce minimal torsional motion. This would support a much faster moving tail that wouldn't necessarily needed much sweeping motion. Wanted to share my engineers mind. Happy sailing my prehistoric comrades!

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

I'm glad you covered this find! It's so cool!

[@LowellLucasJr.]

Huge tail equals incredible speed in water and an incredibly huge slap to the face!

[@playtime_foxy]

spino slaps t-rex in JP3 resulting in insta kill 🤣

[@suecastillo4056]

The artists colored concept illustrations are spectacular!!! Love the imagination of colors, etc.! Keep on illustrating!!!! Love it!!( and thank you for your talent sharing!)😘🙋‼️

[@shoolepak]

Back when I was a kid, this was my favourite dino, (probably just because I thought it looked cool in Jurrasic Park 3), but over the years, with all of the new discoveries about this animal that led to every iteration being vastly different than the previous one, it remained my favourite, due to its unknown nature, interesting discoveries and constant change in humanity's eyes.

[@steverodgers333]

Loved it. Amazing artwork by so many. Crazy about your channel. Thank you from an old dinosaur like myself.

[@CARBONHAWK1]

I just want a mostly complete specimen so we don’t have these “MuH final form”

[@poppyraima5342]

The tail comes from the same specimen as the short legs described in 2014, and there's another expedition planned to recover more arm and possibly skull material as well. So we're looking at one animal that is getting uncovered and published one piece by piece, essentially.

[@KhanMann66]

Unfortunately with the rampant black market for fossils. I'm afraid that's a going be nearly impossible.

[@beanoptodon]

This tail discovery literally has me over the moon. Makes me love Spino even more :>

[@AngelEmfrbl]

It certainly lives up to the 'spino' part now, since it had more then they thought. Appropriate name. Even more then then before.

[@lukeallen7304]

This make me like it less

[@Scazoid]

@@lukeallen7304 JP3 fanboy alert

[@lukeallen7304]

Scazoid Yeah you right

[@neivikhotso]

What if it ended up being a cryptosaur

[@peachesinshirts6053]

Spinosaurus has always been my favourite dinosaur! This makes it even cooler!! AHHH!! Spinosaurus was amazing!!!!!

[@moonoggin]

Fascinating comparisons. Really interesting video. Cant wait to share it with my grandsons

[@1337fraggzb00N]

08:21 Spinosaurus walks into a bar. The bartender says:"Why the long face?" **ba dum tss**

[@yesmansam6686]

The Spinosaurus proceeds to devour the bartender, drink all his booze, and drunkenly return to the lake until its time to do it all again.

[@SuperGoldfinger123]

That sail would give its presence away on the surface so it probably hunted quarry below it while swimming on the surface....heating itself with that sail protruding up

[@CJ_Spooks]

Bitmoredave sent me... Cool video.. Really enjoyed it 👍🏻

[@aydemsadventure3752]

Whenever i think about dinosaurs, i simply try imagining them as living breathing animals and nothing more. It is sooo hard to glance trough the "wow bro" take on this animal that JP has created. I could really just see this animal walk trough shallower waters, every move would clearly show it's muscles motion trough skin, it would be dirty, hurt, sick, possibly would have some form of hair like it is shown on 7:03. Wouldn't roar on a hill like a godzilla but rather perform a threaten pose with it's mouth open against another of it's kin during mating and territorial stand offs. No badass monster shit, no wow bro carnage, simply a living breathing animal. Im all up for aquatic Spinosaurus.

[@davidmcwilliams717]

Omg Ben u legend thank you for covering this topic

[@BFDT-4]

Where is Doug? We need an average of all the Spinosaurus reconstructions, to see just where they all point to.

[@CW56]

BFDT I think he died from coronavirus.

[@anbuookami13]

Just found your channel! Amazing

[@shellknight1323]

Hes a Semi-Aquatic egg laying dino of action. It's scaly webbed foot will never run away~ He's got more than just mad skills, he's got Croc tail and a Sail. When women hear him, they soak themselves when they him say: *"Q U A C K"*

[@gabrifive]

He's a semi-aquatic Sail waving dino of action. He's a large scaly webbed-foot who'll never flinch from a fra-eeay-eeay He's got tones of fishing skills He's got a croc snout and eels tail And palaeontologists swoon whenever his fossils show PERRY THE SPINOSAUR!!!

[@thedoruk6324]

Another commentator already did that

[@sebastiaodavila9747]

Finally. The video we were waiting for. Everybody was talking about the Spino in the palæontology community for the past few days. I was wondering: ''Wait... what about Ben G Thomas ? Where is he ?''.

[@bmd5713]

Just found your channel and I love your videos. This one sparked my curiosity especially with the mention of the Kem Kem Group 6:42. Could you do a whole video on that Geological group?

[@onlythequestion]

Tail looks great. I say keep it! Lovin' the channel.

[@noble6gabe298]

Spinosaurus' are very cool!

[@raklibra]

Gabriel Benejam A TyrannoCroc is cool and frightening- yeesh

[@Shigeru0508]

(Dooby dooby doo-bah, dooby dooby doo-bah) Spino! He's a semi-aquatic, egg-laying dino of action! (Dooby dooby doo-bah, dooby dooby doo-bah) He's a scaly little spineback Who'll never flinch from a fray-ee-ay-ee-ay! He's got more than just mad skill He's got a tadpole tail and a sail And the women swoon whenever they hear him say *ROAAAR* He's Spino, Spino the theropod! Spino! (I said you can call him Agent S!) Agent S.!

[@themanofmemes4911]

You are my new hero

[@josiahb4483]

this should have 20k likes!

[@foreveruseless1292]

Lmao this is amazing

[@darthrevan5976]

You are a legend!

[@Fumango]

I wanted to do that :(

[@seth1130]

Honestly I'm surprised that we didn't consider a paddle like tail before. It makes so much sense that it's sail shape would continue down the tail

[@chenxiongxiong6778]

Ah yes! FINALLY AN UPDATED INFO since I saw nat geo's news days ago. Thank you!

[@user-ze3tq9hf9i]

The guy keeps changing his look every week. Jeez dude we get it, you're special.

[@analothor]

Early 2000s: "this is how the real spinosaurus was" 2017:"no this was" 2020:"no this was" 😩 next it'll be semi astrological

[@CBRN-115]

Jesus this thing just can't make up it's mind

[@katyungodly]

@@jkosch Meanwbile in religion: "hey guys we have this new scientific evidence for x!" "no you don't, that's just Satan"

[@invaderxim9893]

Spinosaurus is my favourite dinosaur of all time! I remember being introduced to it back when it was a theropod with a sail glued on and a crocodile head! So excited about this stuff. :)

[@x.p.3574]

Paleontologists when a new spinosaurus fossil is discovered: "Why do I hear boss music?"

[@lumptydumpty6992]

More channels need to cover recent scientific news like you do. It feels weird to say, but someone reporting on a 2018 study feels rare on this platform. Keep it up!

[@christophedemedeiros]

could the sailfish sword fish dorsal fin be an indication of convergent evolution? they have a huge dorsal fin but despite of this, they are amongst the fatest fishes in the sees

[@johno1544]

Sail fish fold down their sails when hitting top speed. Spinosaurus sail couldn't do that and was probably a hindrance like a peacocks tail in most situations except for mating and sexual selection.

[@christophedemedeiros]

@@johno1544 the fin of the sailfish is for the purpose of manoeuvrabilty in high speed, perhaps the dorsal extension of the spinosaurus was for the same purpose but not at high speed?

[@vermicelledecheval5219]

I have a good point there. This dorsal sail really looks like the one of the present day sailfish. If so it would have helped this dinosaur to prevent fishes going away in the same way so to catch them with ease. Nothing to do with speed to my view at least...

[@zenebean]

Who knows, the shadow cast by the sail could have also acted similar to the shade cast by some heron species, attracting fish or making it easier to spot them. I doubt that was the main reason, but it might have been a useful byproduct of having a massive sail

[@tbc1880]

@@zenebean yeah that's the odd thing sail seems so weird but there could be a bizarre hunting strategy it takes a big part in.

[@stephaniehamilton1697]

spinosaurus has always been my favorite dinosaur ever, i remember wanting replicas for my dino shelf of it and the store never having them ig bc t-rex big dino lol and fiding out info like this just peaked my interest more. i didn't think it could get any more awesome than it already was. :))

[@Copper389]

Just finished you review of walking with dinosaurs. As a kid I watched the fakeumentary Chased by Sea Monsters, which was a BBC series where the host Nigel time traveled to different deadly seas to find the deadliest sea monsters. Would be awesome to see what you think of the series and if it holds up 17 years later.

[@raffaelbaumkaenguruh2654]

that flying joke tho🤣🤣🤣 great video keep up the good work!

[@davidmathews143]

The spinosaurus just refuses to give up. "YOU MUST COMPLETE ME"

[@ExtinctBricks]

wow ... trully informative .... one of my favorite dinosaur... i also have Spinosaurus 2020 version... I customized it my self... I focus only on lego like figures ... I hope i could just add an animation to my figures to give it more dynamics to my videos in totality... Thanks for the upload i really love it...

[@dunka12]

Seeing that tail, it all makes so much sense. Feels a lot like the debates i was hearing in the early 90s about dinosaurs and birds. Was ridiculous to see a lot, and i mean a lot of paleontologists actually argue against the link between birds and dinosaurs. Now, those opinions are lost to time, like tears in rain.

[@BigBossMan538]

Spinosaurus is easily one of my favorite dinosaurs, and it's interesting history in the fossil record is a good reason why

[@harbinger7149]

*you fool!. this isn't even my final form!*

[@BLKBRDSR71]

Narrator: tail could propel it self through the air... Pteranodons: What are you doing way up here? Spinosaurus: humans got it wrong... Again. Pteranodons: Figures.

[@joekaz5198]

5 year old angel: "come on just let me make one thing" God: "fine"