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The Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful and lasting dynasties in world history. This Islamic-led superpower ruled large areas of the Middle East, Eastern Europe and North Africa for more than 600 years. The main leader, known as the Sultan, received absolute religious and political authority over his people. While Western Europeans generally viewed them as a threat, many historians consider the Ottoman Empire a source of great stability and regional security, as well as important achievements in the arts, science, religion and culture.
The Ottoman Empire began as one of the small Turkish states that emerged in Asia Minor during the decline of the Seljuk Empire.