The Pantheon

[@emmerentiagroenewald3694]

When I stood there for the first time under the dome,with the open sky above ,I just cried and cried!! We had drawn the perspectives of the tiles inside and, now ,seeing it for real for the 1st time,it was like a dream come true!!!❤❤❤❤❤

[@smarthistory-art-history]

It is such a gorgeous space, really just overwhelming in its scale and geometry.

[@akarayan]

Seeing the Pantheon for the first time in person was like a religious experience. Truly one of the most remarkable buildings in all the world.

[@My-nl6sg]

I've known of this building for years but nothing feels quite like standing in it and seeing this wonderfully designed ancient structure

[@Kermit_T_Frog]

You don't get a sense of the size of it from this clip. It is HUGE! And its size would leave an even bigger impression if it were not so near St.Peter's.

[@monicacall7532]

Yes, I agree with you! I got chills up and down my spine and tears in my eyes when I entered the Pantheon for the first time. Nothing prepared me for the scale of the dome and the shear perfection all the elements. When visiting Rome this is the one “must see” on my list every time.

[@ingriddubbel8468]

Its lovely.

[@bradenvester4308]

Agree

[@L-mo]

The Pantheon is one of those rare places that is just overwhelming and awe inspiring when you go there and see it, whether you know nothing about history, or even if you know a lot about the history of the building itself and are seeing it in person for the first time.

[@bombthechaos3916]

It's an amazing building that bears witness to what brilliant people the ancient Romans were. I'm glad I had a chance see this architectural wonder.

[@kombinatsiya6000]

I love that the Romans have already perfected concrete, a material that feels like in was created just 100 years ago.

[@wtfvids3472]

@Victor Tronin they did? that doesnt conform with what i have read of ancient egyptian texts and iconography. what blog or rag did you get your information from?

[@Bnio]

I got full body shivers the moment I passed through the Pantheon's doors and saw the dome for the first time. Amazing that it still delivers the awe 1900 years later in an age of skyscrapers.

[@douglasburch2320]

Great video, however two things that were not mentioned 1) That each year on Rome's birthdate (April 21st) at around 12:30 in the afternoon the sun shines through the oculus and directly through the front door. It happens only on that date. 2) That each year on the Pentecost, Rome's fire department drops tens of thousands of individual rose petals from the opening of the oculus.

[@TheLegendaryLinx]

Underneath the large hole on the ceiling are two holes on the floor, I fell into the trap of tossing coins in there for good luck seen by others. I later learned these holes are drainage systems. So please people do not toss coins in the holes on the floor of the Pantheon.

[@RaulSelva]

Sadly, people are dumping thrash into the drain in front of the Pantheon. Terrible.

[@ematech]

incredible a building of 2000 years ago, intact

[@DarthVader-fe4mq]

Indeed. One of the driving factors of this is the fact they didn't use 'reinforced concrete'. They used just plain old concrete. Buildings in cities and everywhere else in the modern world are lucky to stand 50 years without beginning to fall apart.

[@fadiestifani8307]

My brother it was built by Syrian Roman Apollodorus of Damascus (ابو اللودور الدمشقي )he was greatest The greatest designer and architect in ancient history⁦🇸🇾⁩⁦🇮🇹⁩⁦🇸🇾⁩⁦🇮🇹⁩

[@angeloargentieri5605]

I papi,nei secoli, come Urbano VIII dei Barberini (quello che non fecero i barbari lo fecero i Barberini) hanno depredato e distrutto la magnificenza e la gloria di Roma, templi, terme, basiliche, statue, opere d'arte, Colosseo, Circo Massimo e di tutto e di più..., devono pagare per i loro misfatti e bruciare per sempre all'inferno

[@pca1987]

@@angeloargentieri5605 Ai, para de mimimi, cara. Olha tudo de lindo e magnífico que foi construído com os espólios desses monumentos que você citou que foram destruídos. Hoje temos uma ideia bem diferente sobre manutenção e conservação do qie na época dele. Só isso.

[@eb1247]

I think even if the dome collapsed today, the Romans have already gained significant prestige from this concrete monument lasting even this long

[@ashendylan5630]

I love the way you see the beauty in this ancient monument... Smart these people were...

[@vanizakMo]

You guys are such a great team! I have learned so much!

[@gregorythomas2674]

This is a great series! Very informative and great content! Bravo! 🇮🇹❤👍😊

[@PP-rq7ly]

Amazing resume. Not boring at all like many other large videos!! Thank you!!

[@mariamichaelakrammer3409]

That's all a very perfect translation with included all. The explanation about the object, the building process and the structural system. Thank you!

[@KevinDixon]

I wish I had Beth and Steven with me when I was in Rome

[@crappo8459]

Awesome video ❤

[@creestee08]

1:29 so no ones gonna be amazed that people are able to make a perfect monolith pillars back almost 2000 yrs ago? thats pretty unbelievable.

[@danesovic7585]

Yeah, no aliens needed.

[@creestee08]

@@danesovic7585 @Danesovic yeah. Well... i got red pilled a few months ago. And i turned a new leaf. Almost. Watch videos of world of Antiquity. Its an eye opener for me.

[@riahisama]

why do people assume humanity was stupid thousands of years ago? Egyptians, Rome and the Arabs are literally responsible for creating the science, astrology, philosophy and maths we use today, we know all the stuff we do today because of them. Just because we have technology and computers doesn't make us smarter than before.

[@alexakammler6440]

I'm already amazed how genial were the romain engineer🤗 they found the best cement and the best underwater cement, in topographie were they ultra exact, apeducts and cisterns are masterworks, the wonders list is long👏👏👏 what a pitty with the black time afterwards, so much creativity and science is lost....

[@megenberg8]

@@riahisama why? because it allows them to consider themselves smarter. 😑

[@yurisenglishdiary]

판테온의 영상 잘 보았습니다. 그리고 설명도 잘 들었습니다. 이것을 만든 옛날 사람들 정말 훌륭합니다. 감사합니다. 나는 웬지 한국의 경상북도 경주에 있는 석굴암의 돔 형식의 지붕을 쳐다보고 있는 것 같습니다.

[@SuperGreatSphinx]

The Pantheon is a building in Rome, Italy, commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD) and rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian about 126 AD. The building is circular with a portico of large granite Corinthian columns (eight in the first rank and two groups of four behind) under a pediment. A rectangular vestibule links the porch to the rotunda, which is under a coffered concrete dome, with a central opening (oculus) to the sky. Almost two thousand years after it was built, the Pantheon's dome is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same, 43.3 metres (142 ft). It is one of the best-preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings. It has been in continuous use throughout its history, and since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been used as a church dedicated to "St. Mary and the Martyrs" but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda". The square in front of the Pantheon is called Piazza della Rotonda.

[@YTfancol]

I've been there. Awesome building. Great channel, by the way. Thanks for all the wonderful videos. I subscribed.

[@ngatiwaihitman]

I experienced the Pantheon last night with very little knowledge going in. Videos/pics don't do it justice regarding its shear size. Good informative video, thanks!!

[@CourtlandLess]

Abdul Muhammad Jafar Smith whoa..... you are lucky nowadays

[@88srtakz15]

@@CourtlandLess why is he lucky?

[@a-dutch-z7351]

@@88srtakz15 covid restrictions

[@matthewchin6454]

It wasn't til I visited Rome that I came to understand that the ground level rises over time, particularly when nature is allowed to reclaim an area. Plants and trees are made from water and air, and only a small amount of minerals from the soil, and as they grow and die the ground level rises.

[@erictko85]

Great video. Thank you.

[@cherylowilley6007]

Makes manifest the movement of the earth.

[@Junjunjunjunjunjun]

This channel is awesome I knew this channel because of my professor so I also earn a lot of knowledge of art

[@cr023jerintasnimaunnesa5]

This describe about pantheon help me a lot to know about this roman amazing architecture

[@mango2005]

Until the Vandal sack of 455, there were gold tiles on the outer dome.

[@a-dutch-z7351]

What a waste, what a waste.

[@TathD]

They really just climbed it to get the gold eh? Those vandals.

[@shastasilverchairsg]

@@TathD Who wouldn't?

[@xylerian]

@@shastasilverchairsg The Goths

[@fabiotellez6192]

this video is really great, thnx.

[@BonyFingers1969]

The might of Roma ....Magnifico .....

[@tyroneking5332]

It's amazing to think that the Pantheon shows us the evolution of civilization by the elevation of modern Rome's land.

[@andyroo9381]

I have been to Rome several times, but still have not been to the Pantheon. Next visit.

[@peroz1000]

Thanks a lot! More ancient Roman monuments,please .

[@hristodanchev610]

i was in rome i have seen pantheton plaza san pietro fontana di trevi kathedral san pietro plaza espagne museums and churchs fantastic rome is beautiful city i love him

[@danielracovitan9779]

visited it last week ; astonishing palce

[@lucyba2372]

Very interesting video..bravo!

[@mxrty78]

This is excellent thanks!

[@monkebusiness7794]

When here a bit ago, I never knew what I was looking at but its interesting to see what I was actually standing in lol

[@massimosquecco203]

The gilded rosettes have been melted and reshaped in the Bernini Baldacchino in St Peter, the Vatican, which is HORRIBLE! every time I think that the all that bronze was in the place where it belonged until the XVII century but then Bernini made his only unsuccessful piece of ecclesiastic furniture, depredating the Pantheon, I become pissed off. What a shame. What a loss. Lots of bronze though...

[@mrunknown8810]

It shows that the ancient Roman building could survive till our days if ppl did not destroy it or steal the rocks and marble from it

[@howardkoor2796]

Beautiful experience

[@blackedelweiss601]

Hadrian was a mad lad, truly based. I love his work.

[@johnarmstrong1546]

there was an earlier structure referred to as the Pantheon and it was commissioned by Marcus Agrippa. The bricks in the main body of barrel have a stamp from the reign of Hadrian. if it had existed in it's current form during Augustus's reign it would have been a revolution, poets and historians would have raved openly about it as they did about other buildings of Augustus's time. We have plenty of evidence that it was built by Hadrian. The inscription is prove of the honor and respect that Agrippa was still held in more than a century after his death. He was the shit.

[@3c3c3c]

I was there when it rained!

[@emmacaisley7293]

Thank you very much for this video. Has helped tremendously with an assessment.

[@estelaamaya7170]

IAM SO GLAD I SAW IT IN D LATE 80,S !!! BEAUTIFULL FEELING BEING INSIDE !!!!!!! N GREAT RESTAURANTS N TRATTORIAS !!!!!

[@daveygivens735]

The 80s? Wow, it was practically brand new =/

[@migtastik2203]

Ok. You HAVE to listen to this video at 0.5 speed. The speakers are so awesome at normal speed, but when you slow them down... OMG. Research has never been so fun.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

+Migdalia Gomez Ha! I just did and laughed very hard! Steven Zucker

[@migtastik2203]

+Smarthistory. art, history, conversation. I enjoy the videos very much, it's like being there with two awesome narrators telling me everything in a conversational way that I can relate to.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

Many thanks for the very kind words.

[@Olm9]

How do you do that?

[@ozclubbers]

OMG! OH MY GOD!!! Thats just too funny!

[@스미쑤]

ARE YOU SERIOUS! CANT WAIT TO SEE IT!!

[@haileytreadgold7119]

Wow I want to go see it

[@TWOCOWS1]

millions of people walk with their rough shoes on those ancient and well preserved roman marbles on the floor of the parthenon--and the italians have done nothing and dont do anything to prevent the serious wear and tear on the floor by so many shoes!!! it reminds one of the rampant neglect one sees in places like domus aurea and in fact, the town of pompeii. people just walk in and wonder around instead of walking paths being made above the floors for the pedestrians to stop this destructive process. thanks for showing that exact destructive process continue taking place under the feet of the tourist herds

[@marcomelis638]

It was made by Italians and they know how to keep it. Just worry about your inflamable wooden buildings...

[@matthewbellis8620]

@@marcomelis638 like Notre dame for example? Ha

[@marcomelis638]

@@matthewbellis8620 That's France, the Gauls... barbarian people like you 😊😊😊

[@matthewbellis8620]

@@marcomelis638 how dare you..... 😆

[@aalb1873]

The maintenance of the pantheon and others ancient monuments it is excellent and certainly will be even better if you avoid returning for the rest of your miserable existence to visit them.

[@zambalic1]

Love your analysis. Thank you.

[@Anshika_R]

I am waiting for you to do a video about Indian architecture!

[@smarthistory-art-history]

We do have some Indian architecture: smarthistory.org/asia/south-asia/

[@mauricio9226]

Are the floors tiles the original ones?

[@DOLRED]

The Romans perfected the arch and its use as a structural support and as a pleasant building component! This is seen all around the exterior of the Pantheon.

[@titancloud]

I weep and the expression you give of this beauty

[@campfiredouglas4496]

wait what's pantheon's new ult

[@ant1724]

A remarkable feat of architecture. Egypt will always have a mark and remnants within Rome. 🙏🏿 I often wonder whom actually built these ancient wonders.

[@paintingtutorials2d3dprodu22]

Very informative.. love the narration

[@marlenebean]

I wanted to just lie down in the center and look up at the sky

[@kasiasustaita9032]

In our textbook for my art history class/ we learned that the leading architecture was Jacques Germain Soufflot- and he wanted to integrate Roman architecture and French/Baroque Classism

[@smarthistory-art-history]

Ah, that is a different building. Soufflot designed the Ste-Geneviève in Paris which was renamed Le Panthéon. Learn more here: smarthistory.org/soufflot-the-pantheon-church-of-ste-genevieve-paris/

[@penguin-4734]

I was searching for ap pantheon guide but this video is good

[@cheetahsonic6588]

Thanks

[@karenking7677]

so the ceiling is just concrete, nothing within holding it up?

[@asrlsog]

Exactly. My understanding isn't perfect, but I believe they would've had a wooden structure beneath it, concrete poured over the top, then the wood removed. Much like a bridge. If you've been there and look hard enough, you notice that each coffer is not straight and equal, hinting that there was wood, as it would've been handcut.

[@AntPDC]

The barrel (drum) supports the weight of the dome, which was made lighter by the coffering wherein large amounts of concrete could be omitted without compromising strength. Also, the drum has integral brick relieving arches, many of them visible externally in the drum and the lower rotunda. The relieving arches distribute the loads of the dome to the piers in the soil under the whole structure.

[@krankikaren]

@@AntPDC wow....thank you

[@sytast5311]

Excellente traduction française... Merci!

[@ritabiro5105]

I could feel here all the immortal spirits of dead souls. I was impressed also about the arhitecture

[@daveygivens735]

To the rest of history and the world, you're welcome. Signed, The Roman Empire

[@jenniferrodriguez8555]

Davey Givens uhhhhhhh

[@ahappilydrunkpuppy8961]

Davey Givens you should take a history class and realize how wrong this statement is.

[@fitfirst4468]

great video, very informative . p.s. i love the girls accent/voice in these videos, i could listen to her speak all day !

[@mamavswild]

Augustus Caesar built this in honor of his friend and General, Marcus Agrippa, who helped him become emperor (or excuse me...Imperator...Augustus tried to downplay himself lol). You can still see M. Agrippa on the outside writing over the Corinthian columns.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

More up to date research has lead most specialists to agree that this structure is Hadranic but references the older building in its pediment.

[@PresidentialWinner]

I have seen it, over a decade ago. It always made me a bit mad that the church used this building for it's own needs when it was built for the Gods of Rome. I feel the same way about Hagia Sophia which was originally an Orthodox church then made into a catholic church and then a Islamic mosque and finally a museum.

[@brettberry3968]

Reminds me of the Capital Building in DC.

[@dionf3858]

Is the marble floor original or a Renaissance reconstruction?

[@JamesMartinelli-jr9mh]

Original.

[@dionf3858]

Why is it in such immaculate condition compared to, say, Hagia Sophia, where the floor is worn out and uneven due to centuries of foot traffic?

[@JamesMartinelli-jr9mh]

@Dioioego Can you not imagine the Turns running horses through it before they turned it into a mosque?

[@dionf3858]

Dioioego ok...perhaps it’s original but has been heavily restored...I can’t see how something that’s been walked on for 2000 years could look so spanking brand new.

[@dionf3858]

Dioioego the marble on the Interior walls of Hagia Sophia is in very good condition and in its use as a mosque, the floor was covered in carpet which actually protected it. Its the centuries before that , that the floor suffered wear and tear, due to centuries of foot traffic. You can see where soldiers would stand guard there are indentations in the floor. This is in complete contrast with the pantheon”s pristine floor.

[@jaoguggenheim312]

My newest inevitable-to-view channel, thank you for the contents! absolutely fascinating!

[@kaloarepo288]

The concept has been replicated in many other buildings including the "Tempio di Possagno" -the greatest of neo-classical sculptors Antonio Canova financed this later building so close to my place of birth.The concept of the dome inspired Byzantine architecture and such churches as the Agia Sophia in Istanbul and Islamic structures like the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and you can even detect the fainter echoes in the Taj Mahal in India ad the churches in Moscow and other Russian cities.

[@dane2322]

I’m guessing since the elevation change, and other geological factors, the sun may have shined on the gods/statues ?

[@ytfuertes]

The Romans invented concrete.

[@feefiefoefum9931]

The Pantheon was built by Marcus Agrippa, a close associate of Augustus. It was remodeled later under the Emperor Hadrian.. Marcus Agrippa's original hand in construction is plainly stated on the pediment, for those who can read simple Latin.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

Based on brick marks, historians have concluded that this hypothesis is not correct. The pediment inscription seems to reference the older structure in the way that we use plaques to mark buildings that once stood in a given location.

[@RaulSelva]

From July 2023, it's no longer free to enter the Pantheon. Don't forget to also view the ruins of a Temple of Neptune that is adjoined to the back of the Pantheon.

[@camaramarcelo]

Great!

[@ToneStallone]

Who built the Pantheon?

[@ToonCaperA113]

It is Emperor Hadrian.

[@ToneStallone]

@@ToonCaperA113 I've always been interested in these ancient structures and how they were built and the architecture is amazing. We don't even build structures like that now. I understand that the Emperor designed. But who built it. I'm sure he didn't lift a finger

[@PranavRamkissoon]

For those who don't know it was a place for worship for the pagan but was converted forcefully to a church by Pope Boniface

[@yawasap5110]

You all are proud of your greeco roman ancestor accomplishments that slaves built just like today god bless America.

[@a-dutch-z7351]

Do not care.

[@lilpenny1982]

Been here

[@Sasha0927]

lol. Whenever I see Hadrian now, I think of that audacious lady giving him a hard time.. I'm not extremely interested in these ancient temples, but I do like the squares on the dome and the Corinthian capitals.

[@user-jv9qz2bu1r]

Tomb of Raphael - did not know that...

[@iin.ko_]

Yeah my history teacher led me here

[@samueltanh]

Thank you for the explanation. I heard that the Oculus is for smoke to escape, since they still sacrificed burning the whole Cow to their Gods inside that building. I figure it is almost like a chimney in an Indian Wigwam, that function as ventilation too.

[@dochollowood5763]

yeah they had a good old fashioned hillybilly roast all the time, but don't expect the snot nosed libturds to acknowledge that

[@romanmindset-r2j]

Who the fuck told you that its to let light in and would have probably illuminated certain statues of gods at specific times of time day as it would be pretty cool as you go pray the statue illuminates before you plus it would keep foot travel down and therefore maintenance

[@aalb1873]

Really?!!!

[@birinares]

www.panoramio.com/photo/121059678 ....Granite columns manufactured quarry for Rome. It has been put under more protection. Picture: spring 2015

[@Sunny-kz1xv]

I have played assassins creed brotherhood boys😎

[@pasthuman]

Love the channel!

[@frittomisto153]

Such a shame they put a ticket to enter this beautiful building😡

[@moicecibon4768]

Beautiful narrative

[@ismailmukooza2005]

❤😊😊

[@xripclaw]

Little Correction, it was renovated by Hadrian, or rather rebuilt after it burned down due to a lightning strike. As it states on the front of the building, M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT, which means Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, Consul for the third time, built this.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

But that is the very point we make in the video.

[@xripclaw]

@@smarthistory-art-history sry i somehow wrote under the wrong video. My apologies. Had multiple tabs open, silly me

[@nicholasturner7931]

The pantheon was rebuilt by Hadrian, originally it was constructed by Marcus Agrippa under Augustus. Surely these commentators know this.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

We state those very things.

[@nicholasturner7931]

Must’ve been another video??🧐

[@nicholasturner7931]

Listening again no mention of Marcus Agrippa or Augustus. The originators of this building.

[@lamdang2701]

Where is Pantheon ?

[@smarthistory-art-history]

The Pantheon is in Rome.

[@lois3356]

They should close the window on the top with glass, or rain will enter, it ruins the experience for people visiting. it's also harder to climatize the interior with an opening like that, it's 9m wide i think. i love the pantheon.

[@Arjetube]

how could the concrete not get brittle after thousands of years. impossible? Look at our bridges and streets their done after 50 years

[@bobbyforce1957]

Roman concrete is famous for its ability to last.

[@kapeyyy2179]

just doing my homeworks

[@frogerfury]

@smarhistory and khan academy I like your videos especially about the art and architecture. But I would love to see analyses of non western works as well instead of such a Eurocentric focus

[@smarthistory-art-history]

+fuckyoutube i aintchaning my name We are working on it! See: smarthistory.org/ sections on Africa, Asia, the Americas, Islam, Oceania

[@BrandonRamirezJ]

fuckyoutube i aintchaning my name yes I agree. I'm happy to see that the AP Art History courses have been revised for a more globalized appreciation for Art.

[@jnsn_paint]

Adding in the other people talking in the background is incredibly distracting. It's hard to focus on what the narrators are saying. It was a chore to get through this video.

[@smarthistory-art-history]

We don't add in voices. We record on site and the Pantheon is a crowded place. We think this conveys a reality that is valuable-we love that so many people want to visit such an old structure. We also think it is important that we are experiencing the work of architecture directly as we discuss it.

[@jnsn_paint]

@@smarthistory-art-history I appreciate your reply. That makes sense. I thought the content was incredibly interesting, but audio processing issues hold me back from enjoying it. It's really frustrating, but not really your fault. I'm sorry for being snide in my original comment.

[@danielbar403]

Very informative video, yet i find the backround mood sounds are very distracting

[@smarthistory-art-history]

Those are the sounds of visitors in the Pantheon where we recorded it. In other words those are the sounds of the architecture.