The Path to Perovskite on Silicon PV | Prof. Henry Snaith (2018)

[@bobjackson4720]

I'm sure over the last two years there have been further developments, it would be great to hear about them.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@LarsPallesen]

He's very good at explaining his work with perovskites! Enjoyed that.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@chrisbraid2907]

I am impressed with this option for better Solar harvesting. I’d love to be building Solar powered cars here in Western Australia where sunlight is in abundance. While silicone is abundant we have good supplies of lead in our state as we have many other raw materials good for producing EVs . Thanks for the great info on perovskites .... it was educational ...

[@drohitkumar5978]

Great discussion....put light on every aspect of processing and provide great insight over the current research in this area..

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@dominickdacosta3705]

Great basic explanation to the usefulness of the Perovskites as a solid thin film for solar cell build

[@BULLAKI]

Glad it was helpful!

[@lylestavast7652]

Fascinating ! and so clearly explained ... bright days ahead.

[@BULLAKI]

Glad you liked it!

[@gabrielskater123]

Amazing content. Very very high quality!

[@BULLAKI]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@ScienceDiscussed]

Excellent video with so much detail.

[@brokkoliomg6103]

What was the efficiency of the Oxford PV cells back then? And where does the project stand today? Hear something of the pilot production plant starting at the end of 2020 (which is over) or mid 2021. What's true and when can we expect to see more of them?

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@sirrk9273]

can perovskite be purchased yet? or is it still not yet commercially available. I saw the companies mentioned, just thought Id ask here for a quick response

[@BULLAKI]

www.oxfordpv.com/news/oxford-pv-places-first-equipment-order-meyer-burger 'The complete [Oxford PV] 250 MW production line will commence perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cell production at the end of 2020.'

[@randacnam7321]

Problem with depending on concentrating photovoltaics is that CPV only works where there is reliable direct sun. Any clouds, and that big expensive optical assembly and dual axis tracker is only illuminating the PV cells with the light from a sun sized patch of cloud. Silicon PV is so cheap now that any lack of efficiency can be compensated for by sticking up more modules. More efficient cells should target power density dependent applications which would already command a price premium.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@doug5090]

Very clear expression! Question: when concentrating light to increase productivity, can one concentrate only the useful portion of the sunlight, so that overall heat is less. In that way, the unneeded part of the light spectrum is not adding heat to the perovskite layer.

[@BULLAKI]

Yes. You can coat the lens with materials that block whatever unwanted wavelength (modern home/office windows already do that) or something like a prism (spectral splitting).

[@marcozorzi6770]

Prof. Henry Snaith is a genius 🔝

[@bernardcharlesworth9860]

Can see grid level power coming from this technology.pleased to see stability exceeds industry standards

[@GKSahu-ye2jh]

Well explained the future work of perovskite pv cell

[@BULLAKI]

Who's Will?

[@GKSahu-ye2jh]

@@BULLAKI sorry. It is type mistake. It is well explained.

[@BULLAKI]

@@GKSahu-ye2jh Thanks!

[@icare7151]

Suggest to layer and amplify the frequency within the structure. Applying to automotive and building glass, paint, etc surfaces to produce efficient electricity are game changers.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@energyornothing1616]

What is the expected lifetime of perovskite silicon tandem cell??

[@BULLAKI]

It depends on the type of perovskite. Are you referring to the ones made by Oxford PV?

[@brokkoliomg6103]

@@BULLAKI What's their lifetime?

[@terryterry1655]

I believe its 30yrs

[@playpoivideos]

Will panels made with perovskites require silver? Or put another way: Taking everything into account, how scalable will perovskite based PV panels be (in theory), compared to silicon panels?

[@BULLAKI]

have you checked the literature?

[@sevdev9844]

Wow, this video is awesome.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@JosephASorrentino]

Update please!

[@BULLAKI]

LOL... update what?

[@BULLAKI]

I'll tell Henry Snaith that an update is required. I'm curious to see if they'll be able to sell their panels next year.

[@icare7151]

My late PhD Father invented the continuous line range process and how to regulate different speeds within the continuous line range processes. Incorporating perovskite into carbon materials within the continuous range processes should result in a stable, efficient, scalable processable perovskite solar cells in flexible to rigid forms that itself can be the structure producing efficient solar electricity.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@gopi3040]

Hi, I have a question on inks formulated for inkjet printing of Perovskites?

[@BULLAKI]

What's the question? :-)

[@jontopham2742]

How is the nominal voltage blended with the C-Si cell? Are there actually 4 contacts on the multi-junction cell? Are there module-level power electronic products on the market for a multi-junction application?

[@BULLAKI]

You could try to contact Oxford PV

[@mjankovec]

No, there are only two contacts and both cells are connected in series.

[@bobjackson4720]

Fascinating stuff, I wished my poor old brain cells could absorb all of this.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@terryterry1655]

Brain cells 100% absorbed with peroskite info.

[@Withnail1969]

what's the holdup if these are so great? oh, they only last 1,000 hours? and they are only 1% better than current solar cells?

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@badbob8394]

since this process uses free electrons? Just think of what would happen if they also doped the cells with some low level of uranium to introduce low levels of nuclear free electrons as well?

[@aospan1]

Just amazing !

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@thecsslife]

What is the importance of Ruddlesden-Popper phases in the development of this field?

[@BULLAKI]

scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Ruddlesden-Popper+phases+perovskite+solar+cell&btnG=

[@KhanMdElme]

Well explained!

[@BULLAKI]

great

[@howardpatrick525]

Wonder what will be achieved with perovskites on Sunpower and LG IBC solar cells? Perhaps Oxford PV is already on that path?

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@robertoaraujo9834]

Me podrían informar que porcentaje de eficiencia energética tiene la última celda fotovoltaica que mostro? Me refiero a la combinación de la perovskite con las policristalinas, muchas gracias.

[@BULLAKI]

27.3%. Here is the article: www.oxfordpv.com/news/oxford-pv-sets-world-record-perovskite-solar-cell. Now it's 28%. Here is a more recent article: www.oxfordpv.com/news/oxford-pv-perovskite-solar-cell-achieves-28-efficiency

[@robertoaraujo9834]

@@BULLAKI Muchísimas gracias por su respuesta. Excelente artículo....

[@andrewcostello8970]

With the use of lead for perovskites, is there a risk of toxicity?

[@BULLAKI]

The amount of Pb in a solar panel is very, very small. I haven't gone through toxicity studies, but my understanding is that there is actually a higher impact in terms of pollution from the entire fabrication process rather than from the Pb contained in the few hundreds of nm that make the device active layer. Devices would be encapsulated in any case, and the chance they would leak is minimal. There would be recycling mechanisms in place as it is currently done for existing commercial devices, such as cadmium telluride thin-film solar cells (Cd is another toxic heavy metal). There are plenty of publications on lead-free perovskite solar cells (check Google Scholar). With the ABX3 structure for perovskites, B = Pb is not the only option. At that point, even with lead-free perovskites, materials and solar panels would be still transported with vehicles containing lead-acid batteries, which are actually a major environmental concern. Sorry if I cannot be more helpful, but I am not an expert in toxicology... :-)

[@andrewcostello8970]

@@BULLAKI Thank you for the insight. This makes me feel much better about the lead issue. I read in a number of publications that the use of lead in perovskites is a major obstacle in bringing them to market. So if your statement is correct (and I believe it is), then the problem has been exaggerated. Once again, thank you.

[@roghayehimani8572]

I am wondering why there is big exaggeration about the toxicity of perovskite solar cells which has created a great panic in the people about the use of perovskite solar cells! where Arsenide toxicity in GaAs solar cells is much more than lead toxicity in perovskite solar cells, also Cadmium and Telluride both are toxic elements in CdTe solar cells. Furthermore, lead already used in conventional lead-acid batteries. MORE IMPORTANTLY: nowadays the concentration of lead particles in an urban atmosphere is rapidly increasing due to the combustion of impure petrol and gasoline. Based on my experience in the evaluation of toxicity of materials and development of biocompatible device I could say: Absolutely lead is a quite toxic element, and certainly, a priority of scientists is the development of biocompatible device, but other-side most efficient elements for making high-efficiency optoelectronic devices are toxic and we cannot totally ignore them. One of the effective solutions for overcoming to the toxicity of deceive, contain toxic elements, is having a proper device encapsulation to prevent leakage of toxic elements into environment. If device encapsulate properly and there is no leakage of toxic-element into environment then there is not any toxicity risk. Regards to the toxicity of installed outdoor perovskite solar cells, as I know SNAITH’S GROUP has developed very robust encapsulation that I think in normal condition there is not any risk for leakage of lead to environment and no toxicity risk. Regard to the toxicity of lead during the preparation of perovskite solar cells: already there is lab safety instruction for using lead in the lab and if researchers exactly follow the lab safety rules for the preparation of perovskite solar cells certainly there is not any toxicity risk for lab researchers. Regard to recycling: already many methods have been developed for the safely recycling of perovskite solar cells and there is up growing research to develop cheaper and safer recycling methods. The main remaining worry about outdoor perovskite solar cells toxicity is the destruction of perovskite solar cells due to natural disasters and leakage of the toxic element into environment; this concern is not just for perovskite solar cells, rather is a general concern for all types of solar cells that contain toxic elements likes CdTe, GaAs

[@mikgigs]

should not be the case, the amount is 3-5 ml for a panel. Just 20 years ago, huge amounts of lead were added into conventional gasoline fuels and also used as a solder melt in ANY electronic device for much much bigger amounts. Thus, not a big deal.

[@daveragby5672]

@@andrewcostello8970 Lead is very toxic especially to children, I understand lead is the component that has to be used and that some toxicity studies have been done and found there to be a risk, even with encapsulation, there is a risk due to the elements and lead-acid batteries should be got rid of

[@Francesco-si3xq]

In this film, you can see the inventor of the flexible printable perovskites kzbin.info/www/bejne/q5OyqZZpqqioabs 3 weeks ago they have opened 1st in the world commercial full-scale factory Saule Technologies in Wroclaw, Poland. Another film here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/bpvbiJqggr1_p8k

[@g5missir155]

Perovskites sprayed over solar water heater or under the tubes?? Parts of the light spectrum will be taken over by the perovskites to be converted into electricity and part to heat the water?? I do not know if that is posible or even efficient but come up in my mind folowing the lovely presentation by the professor.

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@ashanmendis8091]

What are the cost savings

[@mikgigs]

you have to melt silicone to produce solar panels. only recently the lifespan of solar cells can produce more energy than the energy used to create solar cell itself (e.g. 2500 kWh for 5.5. kWh system). In Perovskites, the production requires considerably smaller amount of energy (nothing to melt) = Profit!

[@BULLAKI]

@@mikgigs it's silicon (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon), not silicone (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicone)... :-) . Actually the tandem cells from Oxford PV are based on perovskite films coated on commercial Si solar cells. So, you still need epitaxially grown Si cells. Other technologies based on flexible substrates require relatively low temperature processing. However the tandem technology seems to be the most commercially viable solution including perovskite materials at the moment.

[@alibilal1863]

I want to make solar panels can anyone help me with that.

[@BULLAKI]

I guess it depends on how old you are and/or how much money you have. If you have money you can setup a lab in your garage. If you don't, you can try to get an R&D job or do lab work for a university course or do a PhD in the field.

[@alibilal1863]

@@BULLAKI thank you it was very helpful

[@jameswaters3939]

Has the Nobel committee been advised? This is some smart, smart, like that word isn't smart enough to use, smart. Lead on Britain. To fully appreciate, I'd have had to have at least 2 semesters of pre-perovskite courses.

[@BULLAKI]

👍 Maybe they'll advise the Nobel committee when people will be able to buy real perovskite solar cells, which hasn't happened yet. As a note that (Nobel Prize) unfortunately didn't happen with those who worked since the 90s on the development of the organic LEDs technology at the Cavendish Laboratory, which is a mature display technology. Both technologies were lead by groups based in the UK! Time will tell.

[@jordansage9655]

31:10 VERY Cool

[@tjhawkins5380]

He looks like James May

[@BULLAKI]

LOL

[@BULLAKI]

I think he looks much better than James May to be honest

[@tulpjeeen]

What a talk! I didn't hear a single 'eh'

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@santanaaybar7466]

23:06, i disagree. Standards kill early industries, that's proven , it's a great way to make the little guys not grow up or stand out against already established manufacturers. Thus slowing growth and innovation, which we need a lot of right now if we want to make the industry kick off. We need consumers willing to make the jump, and paying for standards isn't gonna manufacturers any more willing to migrate into perovskite. In silicon there are barely any active standards from the biggest competitor out there (China) , yet their panels are of great quality for consumer/low-tier industrial clients use. So no, no standards thank you.

[@amarabidali5316]

coat discarded solar panels with perovskites and put a fresnel lense on it from an old televiosion set and put it back on the roof.

[@BULLAKI]

what?

[@amarabidali5316]

@@BULLAKI solar panels that have reached near the end of their lifetime can be coated with multiple layers of perovskites to increase their efficiency. A fresnel lense can then be used to concentrate the sunlight onto the perovskite layers. Is something wrong with this theory, i just wrote that on an exam that I submitted around 20 minuites ago.

[@BULLAKI]

@@amarabidali5316 that wouldn't be economically feasible. You need to pay people to disassemble the panels and then bring them to a coating facility. If the silicon solar cells have reached near the end of lifetime (whatever that means) they would be a bottleneck in a tandem cell. So, it would be a non sense from an engineering perspective. But I understand your perspective from a recycling point of view.

[@amarabidali5316]

@@BULLAKI I guess that's true, I meant near their endlife as in when they start to become less efficient in converting solar energy if that's a thing. Thanks for the info, appreciate you replying to comments in an old video.

[@anbarasanr5069]

Really, very nice impressive talk

[@BULLAKI]

👍

[@timhutzler9441]

I wonder where the technology is today.

[@BULLAKI]

Might be a good idea to interview Henry again

[@cristafir]

Soooo....if you are also working on the concentrated solar concept...I am sure there could be a way to integrate SolarThermal along side Voltaic cells, thus creating a much higher potential. The solarthermal heat integrated into a turbine electric from steam. And throw in GeoThermal at the same time. Just thinking that combining methods has to ultimately have a place. Thinking out loud......

[@BULLAKI]

Have you searched for publications on that?

[@stanpikulski4007]

He has pioneered the field of perovskite solar cells REALLY?? Is this your idea ????

[@BULLAKI]

No it is a fact and I'll explain why. The first paper on perovskite solar cells was published in 2009 by Tsutomu Miyasaka [Kojima, A. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 6050-6051 (2009)], but that didn't go anywhere, until Grätzel + Park [Kim, H. S. et al. Sci. Rep. 2, 591 (2012)] and Snaith [Lee, M. M. et al. Science 338, 643-647 (2012)] open up this new field. Now the first group published in Scientific Reports on the 21/08/2012, while the second group published in Science on the 02/11/2012. Scientific Reports has a relatively low impact factor (4.1) but publishes almost immediately with minimum peer-review (essentially you can publish anything in there). Science has a very high impact factor (37.2) and it takes forever to publish. In fact if you check the submission dates for the two papers, Kim et al. submitted the manuscript on the 05/07/2012, while Lee et al. submitted in May 2012. Now, contrary to Miyasaka, Snaith is the first that actually opened up and successfully developed the field (as a note, Tsutomu Miyasaka is in Kim's paper as well). In parallel his competitors did a great job as well. So, it is a fact that Snaith pioneered the field. Apart from that, Gratzel has certainly more publications and higher h-index than Snaith (255 vs 123, Google Scholar), but it is also true that the first is 75 years old and the second is 41! I actually challenge you find someone who is 41 years old with h-index 123. Gratzel is one of the 10 most highly cited chemists in the world. The h-indexes since 2014 are quite similar (112 Snaith vs 167 Gratzel)... but let's see how things will be in 30 years with Snaith. I wouldn't be surprised if Snaith will be invited to become the new Cavendish Professor of Physics. Let's see if my prediction is correct.

[@loungelizard836]

Well, the actual discovery of the PV effect in Perovskites is VERY old, but that doesn't negate the fact that Prof S. has done an amazing amount of work to advance the technology. It's like saying Edison was a pioneer in the advancement of electrical technology. Of course electricity was discovered centuries before, it doesn't mean Edison wasn't a "pioneer". ("Pioneer" is a funny word, isn't it? Like, "Pie on ear". Just sounds strange.)