The REAL source of Gravity might SURPRISE you...

Einstein's general relativity says gravity is spacetime curvature, but what does that mean? Let's take a look at how gravitational time dilation results in an effect that looks a lot like gravity. The flow of time brings mass together.
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS
What the HECK is Time?!
• What the HECK is Time?...
Why Does Stuff Happen? Gradients!
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RELATED KZbin VIDEOS
PBS Space Time on Building Clock:
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Eugene on Gravitational Time Dilation:
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LINKS TO COMMENTS
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[@ScienceAsylum]

*1. Why does the motion arrow turn?* Well... we're imagining that the squirrel is in some kind of fluid flow. It's not but it's a useful picture, so just imagine he is. If a real squirrel was in a real fluid flow like that, what would happen? The squirrel would turn. In a spacetime diagram, a rotation is a change in speed... also known as an acceleration. You're welcome 🙇‍♂️ *2. Wouldn't that mean that taller things would accelerate more because the gradient is bigger?* No. While the total difference between the top and bottom of something like a building is bigger than it is for a squirrel, that doesn't actually matter. Curvature isn't a global phenomenon. It's a local one. Imagine both the building and the squirrel are giant stacks of infinitesimally-separated clocks. It's the gradient between _adjacent_ clocks that matters. Although, that does pose a different problem: spaghettification. Different parts of an object can experience different time gradients if they're tall enough. That means different parts of them will fall at different rates and be torn to shreds. This is a common event near stellar-mass black holes. *EDIT on 6/29/2020:* *3. Isn't this a circular argument? Doesn't gravity cause the time dilation?* It only seems circular because of a common misconception you picked up along the way. At 2:40, I state that gravity is _not_ the cause of the time dilation. It is the result of it. The cause of the time dilation is the Earth (or whatever source mass). The Earth causes the dilation _directly._ That's the connection between energy/mass and spacetime described by Einstein's field equation. We don't have a mechanism for that because it _IS_ the mechanism that causes gravity. Note: When I say "gravity" in this video, I mean "gravitational attraction." That attraction is observed behavior, not a force. *4. Isn't time dilation caused by motion?* Yes, that is one type of time dilation called kinetic time dilation. Gravitational time dilation is a completely separate effect. They're two different types. How much there is of each depends on the circumstances. Tall buildings and GPS satellites are predominantly affected by the gravitational kind. Astronauts on the ISS are predominantly affected by the kinetic kind.

[@valeriobertoncello1809]

But if curvature is a local phenomenon rather than a global one, why is spacetime considered "locally flat" everywhere?

[@luudest]

How does gravitotional time diletation affect photons?

[@maxlovesvivan]

what about you smash the earth into a flat pan? Or even just creat a mathematically infinite plate? then there will be no gravity gradient, while the squrrell still falls to the ground

[@ailblentyn]

Gravity seems almost reminiscent of refraction!

[@rajesh_shenoy]

First, Einstein tells me that it's not me being heavy, but the Earth trying to smash into me! 😩 Now you're telling me that the Earth is trying to spaghettify me all the time! 😵 I want a new planet! 😭😭

[@jacqualinesalb6431]

I think I understand, I might not, but because of this video, I believe I’m much closer to understanding time-space. I’m 75 years old, and I’ve got a lot of un-learning to do. Thank you

[@ScienceAsylum]

*"I’ve got a lot of un-learning to do."* That's fairly normal when learning modern physics. (modern physics = most physics discovered after 1885)

[@rustysteel8714]

You're not alone, js!

[@MatHelm]

I'm 75 backwards... 57, So, I believe time in this dimension is basically the physical movement of subatomic particles. A simple 2D representation would be a atom moving forward. As the electrons orbit the nucleus, with the speed of light being the limiting factor in this dimension, on the half of that orbit moving in the same direction as the atom, the atoms forward speed must be subtracted from the electron's speed of light orbit, and is not added to the backwards half of the orbit because speed of light in this dimension. So the faster forward the atom moves, the longer it takes for the electron to complete a orbit. Hence time passing slower as you approach the speed of light is because the movements of a atom is slower. Of course the point at which a atom theoretically reaches the speed of light it would be at absolute zero. As in frozen dead still. It came to me after studying the speed limiting factors of a helicopter...

[@ninadgadre3934]

I hope I am as enthusiastic and curious about science when I am 75!! Kudos to you

[@rmlmrnda]

It’s rare to find a person with an established way of thinking while also having an open mind. Salute!

[@simoncook1885]

I'm now lying down to ensure my body ages at the same rate.

[@donalain69]

Pamela Anderson hates you now..

[@resiwadofgore]

You aren’t laying, you’re lying. Grammar police out.

[@simoncook1885]

@@resiwadofgore edit button says what ?

[@resiwadofgore]

@@simoncook1885 lulz

[@MartianLivesMatter]

Thats funny haha

[@walabter1887]

I would have never imagine a 7 seven minute video as mindblowing as this one thank you so much for all your effort

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad you enjoyed it! 🤓

[@samuelgarrod8327]

Did any of it sink in?

[@savage22bolt32]

@@ScienceAsylum Constructive criticism: lose the background noise! The subject & your narration of it is great. The addition of distracting, monotonous & annoying music ruined the vid for me. I did not get past the halfway point.

[@wooddogg8]

@@savage22bolt32 Your loss, My friend. I come back to this video every few months, sometimes to blow friend's minds, sometime just because I want to. Never even noticed background noise, music or whatever you mean. Please try again to make it all the way through. It's only 8 minutes long. PEACE ✌😎

[@TheTimothyChannel]

you made something complex seem simple to an extent. Excellent upload!

[@jorgepiresjunior]

At the beginning It was confuse, but at the end it seemed like the beginning.

[@gregorylangston9489]

😂😂😂

[@akashpandey7806]

Beginning is end and the end is the beginning 😂😂

[@Iamyodaddy_]

Confused*.

[@aether-elephant]

It's fine, eventually the end will catch up with the beginning

[@foodwithlove4509]

😂😂😜

[@randybarnhill3098]

Great video. This explains why people on the top floor have to leave earlier than people on the bottom floor to catch the same bus to get to work.

[@maxmumbai1234]

Top floor folks reach the bus stop early because they use the elevator!

[@michaeltowler2632]

Haha!

[@RustyDockLight]

Oh, a wise guy eh? Nyuk nyuk nyuk.

[@mikejones6018]

Funny, that actually works

[@JustinBieberlakeish]

@@maxmumbai1234 Don't you mean deelevator?

[@ADEpoch]

This is possibly the best “dumb it down” explanation I’ve ever heard because this has been confusing me for years. Thanks.

[@ScienceAsylum]

You're very welcome 🙂

[@AyratHungryStudent]

- Forget everything you've learned in school about gravity. - Way ahead of you.

[@murilovsilva]

This crazy looking man who speaks in hand waves and eye rolls has taught me more about gravity in 7 minutes than all other videos on the internet that I have ever watched. Great work!

[@UnclePorkchop]

I just said the same thing... and now I need an aspirin

[@menonijk]

Can’t agree more!!!

[@EricT3769]

Ditto

[@lenpalmeri6228]

Agreed! Superb insight.

[@craigstock7471]

you didn't learn shit, gravity is electrical charge.

[@samiverstine7351]

I’m a physicist and I never knew how to correlate time with gravity. You are a great teacher!

[@MsRofex88]

I would like to bring to the attention of experts (preferably physicists or mathematicians and / or scientists), a scientific question on communication between two people, one of which is under the influence of gravitational force. Thanks for your attention! QUESTION: Einstein said: "If all space exists now, let all time (past, present and REAL future) exist now." OBSERVATION: If we point the telescope 🔭 towards the sun, we will observe it (holographically) as it was 8 minutes in the past (from the point of view of the astronomical distance), since the light takes 8 minutes starting from the sun to reach the retina of our eyes. But the gravity exerted by the solar mass is such as to bend time to make it flow 2 seconds slower than us earthlings, so those who, ideally speaking, are in the sun would live 2 REAL seconds in the past than us. QUESTION: If a man were immersed in a gravitational field such as to bend time up to 1 minute slower (in the past) than me and, the man I want to relate to was 1 meter away from me, approaching me, I could squeeze his hand, see him and speak to him at the same instant that he starts listening to me? And he, immersed in the gravitational field, could he hear and see me? Would I be able to converse with my interlocutor in the same space (and in the same instant in time with which I start the conversation) to speak directly with whoever is in front of me, even if the latter lived a minute in the past with respect to me? In other words, according to Einstein, gravity slows down time, but with the distance of one meter, I would see my interlocutor as: A) How is he REALLY 1 minute in the past and can I communicate with him in the same instant of time because the light would take a billionth of a second? 🤔❓❓ B) I would see him holographically (as I see the sun eight minutes late) but I cannot communicate with him. ⏱️⌚ C) I wouldn't see him at all, it's impossible, unless I would talk to him through a wormhole. D) Other ........... (To you the answer I do not understand anything 🤷🏻‍♂️🤪 sorry).

[@rdean150]

@@MsRofex88 I would think that if he stayed in that gravity differential, he would perpetually be seeing you from a minute in your future. In which case, communication would depend entirely on him leaving messages that you can receive later. But how could you possibly respond to him if he stays ahead of you in time? What would he even be seeing? Would he be seeing your response to actions that he has not yet taken? No, I guess the motions would actually be locked in sync, him immediately seeing your reaction and you immediately hearing his words, even though there is technically a wide gap in time between them, so long as the two perspectives stayed constant. But if you were moving toward each other, they wouldn't stay constant, would they? Oh my this is a mind-bender.

[@flbmx98]

@@MsRofex88 I would imagine that if you were to try to shake his hand you would be increasingly rapidly pulled towards him and probably he towards you, until you met at a mostly equal velocity. Sounds painful. I would also imagine your words would be distorted, and would probably arrive to him late but be sped up as he hears it.

[@derryberry16]

@@MsRofex88 i think your observation is wrong. Coz you're forgetting to account thensum and its change on time as its a greater mass. Those sun people would argue that you're in the past and both of you wouldn't be wrong.

[@Wink-Wright]

@@MsRofex88 Necro'ing this to help others learn. Remember that dilation causes a disparity in the actual amount of time elapsed relative to another region of spacetime, which is proportional to the distance you each are to your respective masses. In general, the closer you are to a mass, the less time you will experience relative to the rest of the universe. If you are on the earth's surface, then there's some distance above from the sun's surface where the dilation is equal. If your friend was this altitude from the sun, your only obstruction is the ~8 minute delay that light takes to reach one another. You'd have a 16 minute round trip to communicate with one another at this point. Great! So move him closer to the Sun. Is your friend really in a space that has "slowed down" time? At this point he will appear to be moving slower, his light slightly reddened as the photons he emits stretch (called redshifting) relative to you. It looks like he's sped up slightly. Time isn't slower, per say, there's just literally less of it being experienced in this region of space, so you see more of it from your temporal vantage point of the earth. The word "delay" isn't really possible in this scenario, because there's not a "stream" of time that he is further behind on. You both experience time, both are in your respective present, but the *amount* of time you are experiencing is different. To your scenario, a bizarre gravity field that has some sort of limiting shell a meter in distance away. You would see basically the same thing, dilation. In order to not break causality it HAS to be something relative, say an extra minute per hour past. It would look largely the same. Your friend's movement would appear an extra 1/60th slowed down. If there were molecules between you there would be heat transferred (to your friend's side) as the slower moving gasses receive energy from the (see: RELATIVELY) faster gasses and his voice would be slightly lower pitch from the vibrations appearing stretched relative to your perception. You could shake hands, but your arm would move easier and would be younger then the rest of you when returned to your side. To your friend, you would appear to have a higher pitched voice, and have a hand that feels heavier to shake. The stars around him would appear to spin faster then they do to you. In conclusion, your question isn't really possible with the mechanisms possible via gravity. The only way you could get the delay described is for your friend to be on your side, step over for an hour by his then-current clock, then step back towards you. But, this wouldn't be the "delay" that you're looking for, he'd have experienced less time then the rest of the matter around you - he'd be younger. Option D, I guess. I hope this give you a new perspective, happy learning.

[@fredreeves7652]

Along this same topic, about 10 years ago, a time/clock experiment was done using an airplane, a mountain top and sea level, but the clocks were atomic clocks. What the experiment determined was gravity alters time. Of course, the time difference was very minute, but it was detectable none the less.

[@2oqp577]

Was this experiment done many times? Were the results converging? Are the result lost in the noise level of the measuring devices?

[@millicentsmallpenny5837]

The fact that gravity alters time does not serve to explain gravity

[@yessumify]

This was wonderful. Very eye-opening. I'm glad to have found your channel.

[@Icewind007]

I think this is the first time "might SURPRISE you" in a youtube title actually guessed right.

[@ScienceAsylum]

I'm not going to put something like that in the title if I can't _deliver._

[@kakalimukherjee3297]

@@ScienceAsylum You blow my mind even more than 3b1b, and at the same time, make perfect sense. There's no reason why you don't have million+ subs. Wait for it, I'm sure it'll happen

[@tricky778]

This squirrel was stationary in curved space-time, you'll never guess what happened next.

[@TheRogerbacon]

@@tricky778 how a single clock-wearing squirrel has been blowing the mind of scientists for over a century

[@rbaika9281]

Jj

[@bustedshark5559]

I just watched this with my 5-year-old great-grandaughter. She proceeded to walk up to my wife and declare that gravity was caused by a squirrel and two clocks. I'll try again in about 5 years! Excellent analogy though!

[@southface8838]

😂😂

[@rockhound3.14]

Lmao

[@keerthi3086]

😆. that's cute.

[@lastyhopper2792]

😅there're many terms that she wouldn't know, so she simply ruled it out of the equation. like, "..you can think of it like a -flow gradient- around the Earth.." she might don't know the concept of flow and gradient.. So she didn't even hear those words been spoken.. probably

[@hegemon3]

All hail The Time Squirrel.

[@sidokouki670]

Watching this video and the PBS Space Time video finally helped me to get it, like, it was so mind-blowing that I couldn't stop thinking about it for a whole week! I'm still in awe and I just can't wrap my head around the idea that the universe just created itself.

[@ScienceAsylum]

It's pretty deep stuff. I'm glad our videos were able to help though.

[@MWTGoldenGun]

Well.... the universe didn't just create itself, and such an idea was never mentioned in the video.

[@wm437]

Nothing cannot create itself because it needs to be something before it can create itself. Only something or someone can create.🤔

[@adityan3208]

​@@wm437 well Stephen Hawking said otherwise?

[@atlantisvelforening]

Let's say we perform an experiment with laser light in a gravitational field. The probability distribution for where an emitted laser light particle might be observed, spreads out as time goes by. If one pulse have propagated (spread out) for a longer amount of time than some other pulse,, but they besides that are pointed in the same direction, would they both "fall" the same way? (Follow the same geosid)?

[@Viperzka]

This is the first analogy that has actually made the "gravity isn't a force, it's curvature" make sense.

[@kevinarturourrutiaalvarez2613]

X2

[@ItsEverythingElse]

The first? lol

[@narudavidkun]

yeah dude, the first that I see that does that

[@davidjacobs8558]

"curvature" is very confusing term. easier to understand description would be. a mass creates more space per volume near it. (as in Harry Potter's magic tent) a mass makes the time flow slower near it.

[@bk-sl8ee]

Yes it's the first video which literally gives you the feeling that gravity is not force at all!

[@grahamecampbell7002]

My physics teacher once told me that time is immaterial, so I gave him my work assignment three days late.

[@oleksandrlevkovych8591]

Lol

[@constantinototis4859]

Nice and elegant excuse.

[@ANDROLOMA]

If time is immaterial, then what is material? Time = life.

[@JordonPatrickMears11211988]

@@ANDROLOMA so life is immaterial? What then is material? You answer a question you didn't ask, and ask a question you don't answer.

[@ANDROLOMA]

@@JordonPatrickMears11211988 What was the question I answered that I didn't ask? I asked a question you proved incapable of answering, smart guy. So you simply deflected instead of answering, the way I would expect of any grade schooler. Grow up, instead of down.

[@TheRealRevelation]

I have So Many questions… but I’ll just binge a bunch of your videos before asking them. 😄🍻

[@ezeebop]

Pretty good vid. I now understand that gravity is a time gradient somehow related to the proximity of a large mass. What is harder for me to grasp is how reducing the playback speed to 0.5 slows the video to half speed, without reducing the central frequency of the narrator's voice.

[@IIVVBlues]

My bathroom scale is actually measuring time dilation. So, I'm not overweight, I'm just behind my time.

[@leechap3]

You're just expanding to keep pace with the expansion of the universe.

[@everyshade]

Ahead of your time.

[@claudiobertadeazevedo4669]

keep it ON the roof, as per de vídeo we all will benefit

[@thisoldboat7393]

D:

[@WagonLoads]

In space, no one can see your weight.

[@matthewryan2887]

"Got any questions about gravity" I think I have more than i did when i started this video

[@b213videoz]

Surprisingly not my case this time

[@arunravi5457]

same for me

[@timsmith7351]

Density and Boyancy . Gravity is not real

[@t2g4_channel]

Man, this is the best explanation I've seen! All these 2Dgrid curved papers with the celestial bodies in the center are just confusing and give a false sense of what is actually happening!

[@ParameswaranChocalingam]

Thanks, I always knew there was something weird about gravity that just wasn't ... fundamental? Great explanation.

[@wojo6567]

I'm reading a book on anti-gravity and just can't put it down.

[@1084kmp]

Shit hitting the fan yet? :)

[@kanopatterson9128]

What’s the book

[@Layarion]

@@1084kmp i think they mighta been making a pun

[@1084kmp]

@Layarion so am I :)

[@SouthCarolinaPrep]

Want Anti-Gravity,? Just train your clock to run in reverse.

[@Sauromannen]

Honestly, I have studied General Relativity on post-graduate level, but this was the best explanation and visualization of gravity I have come across so far.

[@dannymccarty344]

Honestly? I was a professor of General Relatively. You must not have paid attention in class....the visualization? Lol

[@Sauromannen]

@@dannymccarty344, Yes, I always had a feeling that squirrels had something to do with it but it was never brought up during the classes.

[@MrOneNye]

@@dannymccarty344 you can't be a square on KZbin nowadays when the channel courts quirky folks. The roasting will leave you tender 🤣🤣

[@danielmconnolly7]

There is no such thing as gravity; It's a theory, not a physical reality.

[@Sauromannen]

@@danielmconnolly7 yes exactly. Why don’t you prove that by stepping out from the rooftop of your house? ;-)

[@briansansone]

Great explanation. Great animations. Opened a new way of understanding gravity/time for me.

[@user-tu4un9zl5f]

My man siglehandedly making me regret not taking physics but engineering in college. What a great man 😢.

[@YousefBenIsreal]

I can't think of another video that has ever obliterated my mind to this degree. An absolute mind melt down. The explanation was flawless but the impact it had on my perception of time and space was nuclear lol

[@knowbody4903]

Have you seen the movie Interstellar?

[@vladimircuellar3420]

Agreed

[@joecraven2712]

@@knowbody4903 Yes, most people watching this probably have and if not they’re missing out. One of favourite films of all time. Yet still I don’t see how it’s relevant to the original person’s comment?

[@random6033]

i knew most of it before so... nothing really changed, but that time gradient thing is kinda new, i mean i knew that it's relative

[@knowbody4903]

@@joecraven2712 it's literally a movie about complimentary concepts, Its relevance is self evident.

[@ShauryaSingh-ts2oc]

Dude that was mind blowing. Im as amazed as the Hoodie clone

[@b4ph0m3tdk9]

Me too, I went "wow" with him every time.

[@jurrich]

The question is "why would it turn the motion arrow" instead of just changing the distribution of "squirrel over time"? There is nothing inherently problematic about diffferent parts of the squirrel drifting apart over time, the squirrel will still be a perfectly normal squirrel at each time "slice", and causality stays preserved. So the claim that the motion arrow changes seems to do a lot of heavy lifting without any reason for it to even happen?

[@charlesenfield2192]

A heuristic explanation suitable for this video is that if the squirrel's head moves faster than it's feet and it doesn't rotate it must also get longer. College physics was 35 years ago, but I'm pretty sure the real explanations is "Lorentz says so."

[@HaraldMacGerhard]

Nick, this may be my favoruite youtube video of all times. I just gotta love it 🤠🤩🥰😎 So someone jumps out from a building, why does he fall, yes because time runs faster at his feet than his head. And when I look at it, it all makes sense Nick, you are genius 😍

[@JZainbear]

This explains why I got left back in the 10th grade for being too high.

[@timbrink]

If you were too high you would have skipped a grade.

[@kevinslattery5748]

Just lie down, gravity will be less! Say what❓

[@BobStBubba]

What happens when your head is spinning a mile a minute but your feet are just standing there. Just dance faster!

[@becknader2337]

😂😂😂

[@ldandco]

Actually, you would've been leading, not lagging

[@velkoivanov9155]

Or as a wise man once said - the squirrel falls simply because its future is on the ground

[@LuisAldamiz]

Or as a wise squirrel once said: why not climb that tree and challenge Einstein?

[@VitorSalsicha]

picture of captain america pointing at the camera*

[@grantlaing7465]

Great explanation. Thanks!

[@mr.noname6109]

@@andrewboychurch Aristotle's ideas are tortole for the present time. 🐢

[@EricVerbose]

Time dilation...the past is on the ground...so perhaps the squirrel falls because he is doomed to repeat history?

[@Hasanthe787]

This one of the best videos that explains gravity, every other one just puts a trampoline/plane on the screen and say that's gravity as if I don't know that already

[@millicentsmallpenny5837]

Yuh, all it is doing is using gravity to explain gravity. Not very satisfying. (Explanation: "Small ball rolls toward big ball, because it is downhill toward the big ball, so gravity tales the small ball toward the big ball") You just used gravity to explain why gravity does what it does!!!!!!?.......!!!?? All both explanations do is say that somehow the warping of space time causes gravity. But neither explains the mechanics of WHY it causes gravity

[@nukeelda]

Because of this amazing explanation I had to subscribe, good job.

[@joeimbesi99]

"Holy time dilation Batman, I misunderstood the Gravity of the situation".. "Indeed Robin, Indeed"

[@DieFoe]

Whhhaaaappp!!!

[@dekippiesip]

Thanks a lot man, this is the first explanation of general relativity that actually makes intuitive sense! I always got very confused by those rubber sheet analogies, but this clears it up!

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad I could help! 🤓

[@Capybearacuda]

... He mixed up the x variables. He propositions X as "time" but concludes it as a spacial direction of movement. to my knowledge time does not add physical energy to inert objects.

[@Capybearacuda]

the top of the squirrel would just be older than the bottom. the particle visual is confusing the way it looks like FORCE and not RATE of change

[@sivasakthisaravanan4850]

The problem with the rubber sheet is that it still requires gravity to make it curved! Carlo Rovelli's book was the first source for me where i read this 'time dilation causing objects to fall on the Earth' description.

[@LouDeeCruz]

@@ScienceAsylum Did You? You ignored the fact that Albert predicted time would slow or speed up under different gravitational potentials. But he did NOT predict resonant frequencies would change under different gravitational forces. Seeing as Resonance was observed and understood well before Albert. Please note the following well accepted scientific FACT: “The *damped* *natural* *frequency* is always lower than the natural frequency” Notice a stronger gravitational potential is damping the atomic clock at lower altitudes. Not Alberts fantasies.

[@Bootmahoy88]

That’s was an exquisite explanation. I actually think I’m beginning to grasp the concept of Space-time. Wow. Thankyou.

[@ID-107]

So if I understand it right and use not-that-perfect analogy, flow of time is like a flow of water, and mass is like a river bank (or more like the bank is a thing, and friction is its mass), slowing the flow at it. Gravity is then like bank effect, directing it to the closest bank (mass)

[@ryanedgerton1982]

Just realized that this means an hourglass is both the perfect symbol and a cognitive paradox. It's the influence of time measuring the passage of time, which means it's basically time measuring itself...

[@Yismeicha]

Whoa

[@d3.1415]

Interesting thought. So would that mean it actuall measures nothing, or is representing time squared? I wonder what happens to the hourglass if it stops moving through time.

[@arturzathas499]

meta

[@kosmique]

man u just blew up my brain's blown-up parts, that blew up from the video already.

[@harsh3624]

Wtf.

[@AliothAncalagon]

There is just one person who is able to introduce me to a completely new way of thinking about the universe and is successful in making me understand it in less than 10 minutes. Never stop making these videos, please.

[@KAMiKAZOW]

The sick beats in the background don't hurt either.

[@mrhatman675]

Sorry but these vids give you the basic concepts behind these phenomenons you would have to use math to go deeper into it

[@mahxylim7983]

Do you watch physics video by Eugesshbfbaz(can't remember the spelling)...? His video is longer but is amazing too!

[@gabrielhamoui6504]

Pin Seng Lim could you please send the channel name with the correct spelling? I want to check him out!

[@hyronvalkinson1749]

@@mrhatman675 Yes, but these basic intuitions are often skipped when learning the complex way. I wish more professors would teach the concept first THEN the rigor, instead many of them like teaching rigor and proofs and hoping you'll make the intuitive connection on your own.

[@TheRealRevelation]

“What happens when there’s a gradient? Stuff.” 😄😆🤣

[@ScienceAsylum]

😆

[@Donate_Please]

I think time dilation is an "observer" related phenomena, better explained by the relative speed of light to the observer. It's not really the source of gravity. But gravity can cause time dilation, such as around a black hole. But so can moving really fast relative to the clock doing the measuring. And moving really fast doesn't actually create gravity, it creates time dilation. Mass creates gravity by bending space itself via the Higgs Field. It's an important distinction you really have to make to understand how mass warps space and causes time dilation. But time dilation doesn't cause gravity.

[@20runninginthebackground]

That explains why my beard turned white but not my pubic hair!

[@billping2633]

LOL oh to funny....but it may be true why do feet get bigger as you get older?

[@braatsch]

yes

[@marcus23antonius]

If so, then why does the scrotum wrinkles more than the face.

[@markg7963]

Proximity to mass?😂😂😂

[@Zeldaschampion]

I was going to upvote this but I think this comment should stay at 69 likes.

[@captaindic5649]

You are (The Man)! It's refreshing to see a scientist not trying to use up all the 26 letter words in the dictionary without saying a damn thing. You know how to pass along knowledge which leads to understanding. Bravo

[@HHHGeorge]

Just one question. If time creates the phenomena we call gravity because of the time dilation, (the effect due to the clock at the squirrel's head have a different time to it's feet) then why do you say at 6:57 that the earth makes time move more slowly near it? Are you meaning that time is different on the surface of the earth rather than some other point in space? What happens with satellites in geo-stationary in orbits? Does time move at the same rate for them as it does on the earth?

[@ScienceAsylum]

I mean that the closer you are to Earth, the slower time moves. The farther away you are, the faster it moves. The differences are very small, but they're measurable. It does affect satellites, especially if they're sensitive. We have to adjust for it in our design of GPS satellites, for example.

[@miika73]

Thanks a lot for videos you make! So understadable way on complex universe

[@ScienceAsylum]

You're very welcome!

[@AironExTv]

Something just blew up. I think it was everything. Why has nobody talked about this before that I could randomly find ?!

[@Clich13300]

Many people talked about that but it is so incredible that you didn't searched fot it. Please try "gravity illusion" in the seaching part of youtube and you will find many videos about this subject, like the famous one from PBS space time : kzbin.info/www/bejne/hJPPg2Nnna1-bLc Regards

[@mekman]

Try here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nZTZomR6drJgeqc

[@uvbe]

You don't watch Vsauce?

[@sadhlife]

read about relativity, it's all really good

[@jkvdv4447]

yeah something did blow...my head

[@upandatom]

"ignoring any engineering difficulties" haha way ahead of you...

[@John_Fx]

If Jade doesn't understand it, I don't have a chance.

[@nikolaki]

Fountains of Paradise by Arthur C Clarke.

[@ScienceAsylum]

@@John_Fx Jade is just showing her camaraderie. We're both theoretical physicists who are terrible at practical experiments 🤷‍♂️

[@MagruderSpoots]

I love engineering difficulties, but I still had to like this comment.

[@Mrcometo]

"Assume the cow is a sphere..."

[@gracialonignasiver6302]

Most intuitive explanation I've seen on this topic. Took me weeks to understand this when I was trying to study it and you break it down so well.

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad I could help 👍

[@Dekoherence-ii8pw]

Really? I DIDN'T GET IT. There was an explanatory gap between "time travels at a different rate" and "the squirrel goes down". I don't see how the one implies the other.

[@dakloos316]

Wow this really made things a lot more clear, way more than the other 20+ videos I've watched about the subject! By the way, this also means that if I float in space in "a straight line", I technically do not float in "a straight line" but ever so slightly inward on myself because of gravity?

[@rofiqwahyukurniawan8137]

It's been a long time since I read about Einstein's theory of relativity (about time dilation) but didn't understand it, now I understand a little because you are using a crazy way ... thank you sir

[@McSupraQc]

A journey to the end of the universe by cool world, check it out my man 😉

[@VaiskHD]

@@McSupraQc yessir caliss go habs go

[@McSupraQc]

@@VaiskHD pouahahahaha esti d'malade 😎🤘

[@RM_VFX]

So my head is slightly out of sync with my feet? Finally I have something to blame for my clumsiness.

[@ScienceAsylum]

Yep! And that's not even because of a relativity. They're actually out of a sync by a _noticeable_ fraction of a second because of how your nervous system works. Your brain just compensates and adjusts your perception so you don't notice 🤯

[@midnightdragonfly9707]

And explains why I hit a curb pulling into a gas station today..can happen while driving, too😳

[@issacflores9278]

Basically input lag

[@gregorybrian]

@@ScienceAsylum This is why in martial arts, you are taught to not think. The time it takes you to think interrupts the flow. Or as baseball legend Yogi Berra said about success in batting: “You can’t think and hit at the same time.”

[@chiefgully9353]

@@issacflores9278 output in this case but yhea. In put is the fraction of a second your brain takes to realize what your eyes are seeing. The total lag between input and output is reaction time.

[@israelbrilhante8252]

If time is just a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics (as some physicists claim), does it mean that matter "slows down" the increase in entropy? Note: I know there are paradoxes in this question, but that's how I managed to formulate it better.

[@ScienceAsylum]

The short answer is "yes." If time slows down, then any increase in entropy would also slow down. _Anything_ tied to time would slow down. Clocks, entropy changes, biological functions, etc. Literally everything. I don't think time is just a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics though. I think that relationship is the other way around. The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of time always moving forward. It's just an application of Noether's theorem.

[@smiddywesson2703]

The time/space gradient explanation for gravity would finally account for the old experiment where they drop a feather and a bowling ball in a vacuum, and they hit the ground at the same time. It's the interaction of time and space that makes them fall, and removing the wind resistence by conducting the experiment in a vacuum, makes them fall at the same rate and clarifies why. This was a GREAT video. Thank you, thank you, thank you.

[@Mysoi123]

One way to think about this is to consider a sphere, which is a three-dimensional object with a curved surface. On a sphere, straight lines do not exist, and the shortest distance between two points is along a great circle, which is a circle that cuts the sphere in half and passes through its center. Similarly, in a curved spacetime, the path that an object follows between two points is not a straight line, but rather a geodesic, which is the shortest distance between the two points on the curved spacetime. In the case of the feather and the bowling ball dropped in a vacuum, the absence of air resistance means that the objects experience no external forces other than gravity, and so they follow the same geodesic path through spacetime, falling towards the Earth at the same rate. This is why they hit the ground at the same time, despite their different masses.

[@narfwhals7843]

@@Mysoi123 Just a small correction about your phrasing. The great circle does not "pass through" the center of the sphere. The great circles are those circles on the sphere which have their center in the center of the sphere. I suppose you mean the disc of that circle passes through the center of the sphere?

[@Mysoi123]

@@narfwhals7843 that’s correct! Thanks. I missed the radius part in my phrase.

[@redshift6668]

​@@Mysoi123 No! "objects experience no external forces other than gravity" Objects in freefall - i.e. following geodesics - don't experience any force at all, especially not gravity. That's the whole point.

[@Mysoi123]

@@redshift6668 Oh! I employed ChatGPT to rectify my grammar, and it included the additional phrase >>other than gravity

[@akpak4449]

I was expecting to learn a new way of understanding gravity, that NO-ONE on the KZbin talked about so far and man, you delivered!

[@gld1076]

waste of time .make fun because do ot know the subject or how c to expllain it in lay ma words.

[@jeff7731]

you laid on a greenscreen in your pajamas doing the newborn shuffle for that shot in space...... respect!

[@twisterwiper]

Wow, that was quite a revelation for me! Great explanation 👍🏻

[@februarysnows5528]

Thanks for this informative video, but i have a question, then why do people say there is a counter force to object so that will always be two forces trying to balance each other out, and that's basically gravity. For example, a mountain emerges upward can only get at finite height because there is a counter force to push it down. If gravity is caused by time dilation then this concept is false? Sorry if it's confusing to my question 😅

[@Teelirious]

Vids like this are why I'm a Patreon supporter and everyone else should be as well. Small price to pay for recommendable quality. Thx, Nick.

[@1amswill]

This is it! A eureka moment for me. The first video out of hundreds to make me truly understand what gravity is.

[@JailBiden]

Ditto here

[@kabellion]

Yeah , for me too, now i have some serious questiona about time tho....

[@autoparts6873]

Yeah, how is this not common knowledge if it isn’t fraudulent?

[@markvanslooten5311]

So you know why and how mass causes a time gradient??

[@1amswill]

@@markvanslooten5311 nope. I'd have to find another video for that

[@EpsilonAD]

I love this channel. I find happily odd and intelligent people (who communicate well) quite wonderful.

[@johnmichaels4330]

This is a good way to introduce something that is plainly evident but hard for many to understand. This should be shown in 9th grade classes everywhere.

[@ginabonina6427]

Oh man I FINALLY GET IT!!! This was a superb explanation! I watched another video yesterday and I felt frustrated that I still didn't get it. Fun, casual and simplified and conversational rather than lectured. And the use of the word 'intuition' really hit home. And the hoodie clone LOL...Thank you.

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad I could help! 🤓

[@adrianab9104]

@@ScienceAsylum if there's a time gradient the squirrel can rotate in time in your graph but in the same place, why to fall?

[@davidr5685]

Thank you very much! I've been trying to explain gravity to my kids ( 6 &4 yrs old). Most adults don't understand and I've never been able to really grasp it , but your explanation helps! Thanks for shedding more light!

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad I could help 🤓

[@davidm4566]

Gravity is like sitting on your mattress with a bunch of various objects on it. The heavier the object, the deeper the squish in the mattress. We put more squish into the mattress so the smaller objects and their little squishes get absorbed into our larger squish, pulling them in! Or, you know, maybe a trampoline or something. Some videos on youtube have teachers putting out a tight cloth with various weights that really demonstrates this well: the heavier, the deeper they pull into the fabric. Some objects are even made to simulate orbit.

[@coenraadloubser5768]

@@davidm4566 Maybe matter squishes spacetime because its made from it so there's less spacetime there to pass through?

[@keerthi3086]

@@coenraadloubser5768 interesting. more like knotted space time is matter, so around matter there's twisting like near a knot. All this is just fairy tale for now. Will need mathematical proving or disproving.

[@keerthi3086]

@@vhawk1951kl It's an irony you would type all that comment using your computer or phone that are built from using the very same models of modern physics which you say is no different from religion.

[@shellypalumbo5297]

Thanks, very simple, clear explanation of the very complex nature of our universe!!❤️

[@DemoniacDeath]

6:37 that point intuitively made it click for me why gravity is the weakest "force" of the universe. because of how small the time differences are on the subatomic level

[@eduardo_guimaraes]

That was awesome! I'm an engineer and I always look for science content online but this one is in a whole new level of originality! Those were incredibly interesting concepts to learn, I never thought of gravity that way

[@stevepreskitt283]

It's interesting that this illustration also explains intuitively why objects fall at the same rate in a vacuum, regardless of their mass. The degree of time dilation per unit of distance remains the same regardless of the mass of the falling object, so by extension, so does the acceleration imposed by gravity.

[@esvin8771]

What I don't understand is if this theory is correct than any object existing in our physical plane is in constant motion, but that would mean an object that is stationary and completely isolated from any other object of any size, it would mean it would move regardless, which goes against the laws of physics which state an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an equal and opposite force.....???? It seems this theory would only work if their are 2 objects, Mass is a missing factor in this theory, it affects if it can make any sense.

[@JuiceTheLemon]

@@esvin8771 everything around you is in constant motion. our galaxy is flying though the universe while we spin in circles around it and so on until we get to our planet. everything at 'rest' around you only appears that way because you are traveling through this universe at the same speed they are. if your in a car driving and set a piece of paper on the other seat its not moving in your point of reference but to everyone else outside of your car, that piece of paper is in fact moving down the road along with you and your car.

[@adriananastasescu2644]

However, I got to think, that the objects with lower density would be longer thus the acceleration gradient from top/bottom is bigger. It means that the feather falls quicker than the lead. Some kind of contradiction to the law of the same rate falling in vacuum...

[@arentol7]

@@esvin8771 Newtons law says that an object will stay at rest unless acted on by an outside force. This theory is literally and directly about the way two objects affect each other, so how would it be a problem in your scenario? If there was a universe with only one particle in it then this theory would still work, it just wouldn't apply to that universe because there isn't a second particle to experience the effect. If there were two particles or more then this theory works and applies as expected.

[@bvarsho1]

Then why do all objects of different size fall at the same rate? Clearly it is not some intrinsic property of the falling object of any size. The reason it falls then, must be outside the body and act independent of the body.

[@gokaybudak961]

Glad to find the channel and start consuming the vidoes with a 3-year time dilation. p.s. dont watch more than a video a day, mind blowing.

[@ScienceAsylum]

I'm glad you found the channel too 👍

[@coryg303]

I feel confident I can explain this to my outdoor ed students, thank you for your clarity 🙏

[@erezsolomon3838]

"The best explainers of topics are the best understanders, that are best understood" - this is relevant to your channel; even though I understood gravity in the depth of Veritasium's video on it, you didn't fail to impress me when you offered a different perspective to this curious mind, and for that I am grateful. For making science more intuitive, while more fundamentally correct, I cannot thank you enough

[@ronaldderooij1774]

Right, now the million dollar question: What causes time to vary near masses or energy?

[@rajesh_shenoy]

Because mass/energy bends spacetime.

[@mrjones5829]

Thats simple, spacetime curvature. What causes these is the far bigger question!

[@buddyywilsonn]

@@mrjones5829 dark matter

[@fatsquirrel75]

@@rajesh_shenoyHe's asking why does spacetime bend near mass and energy, and your answer is because mass and energy bend spacetime. That's an observation, not an explanation.

[@MarkRawling]

I'm pretty sure all of this is due to entanglement...

[@woll3Y]

Is there a speed limit on how fast a local clock can tick when you put it really really far from any mass, like in a void between superclusters, where space is expanding? And does having lots of mass aound us the reason the space we occupy won't expand?

[@Azoryth]

It's not "space" itself expanding, as we kinda assume space is nearly infinite, it is the stuff in space expanding away from everything else. Almost like the surface of a balloon when you blow it up with air.

[@andreasschau4215]

Wow! Thats the absolute best explanation of this i have ever come across!

[@whitestarHokie]

Would this mean that, in essence, an anti-gravity device would therefore be a time machine? "Speeding up" local time such that it is operating fast at the feet of the squirrel than at the head of the squirrel would force the vector to point in the opposite direction, there by forcing the squirrel to levitate.

[@fernandoroque]

Wtf stop blowing my mind, no pls continue

[@oscarword775]

Haha, that's smart. If you can figure out how to make a time machine, then this should work perfectly.

[@ZoonCrypticon]

I think you could levitate the squirrel also if there would be an equal mass on top of his head...letting the attraction of the both masses exerting on each other aside...the squirrel would levitate..and later on, unforutantely, rupture in two pieces. Maybe if you would create "Anti-mass" then you would have a backflow of time and anti-gravity?

[@kosatochca]

@@oscarword775 as long as it is causally consistent it's totally theoretically feasible

[@oscarword775]

@@kosatochca That's pretty cool to know. Thanks.

[@clairerogerson2153]

This explained time causing gravity better than anything else I’ve seen!

[@Ghostalking]

This is a good introduction, follow up on VSauce for a more in-depth look at it

[@SB-lc2vd]

Mind Blowing!! no one explained this to me this way!! EVER and I was applied physics/mechanical engineer

[@millicentsmallpenny5837]

And you still dont understand gravity any more than you did before. Setting the graph up with a squirrel mysteriously tipping in a downward direction on the graft, explains gravity???? He explained nothing.

[@ST-bc1jw]

All is clearly and brilliantly explained, thank you. The only question I still have is why does mass cause such time curvature.

[@michaelevans1690]

I had the same question. Adding my comment to feed the algorithm. Hope someone can answer this

[@ScienceAsylum]

We don't actually know why. We've simple observed the relationship (between mass and spacetime) and know what that relationship looks like.

[@SocksWithSandals]

I'm with Hoodie Clone "Whoa!" For the first time in my life I know how gravity works.

[@jamestheotherone742]

Theoretically.

[@sMASHsound]

now i know WHYYYY gravity works.

[@WTC2014]

It sound to me more like the universe "lags" where more stuff is, causing a difference in how fast it can process information...

[@marcussandell9659]

Simulation theory

[@fischX]

You assume that time exist as a property separate from the universe (like in a processing machine we run on) but it most certainly does not. Because this set of rules or universe runtime environment has to do all those relativistic stuff so to do that it self has to be above our space and time imagination. For example in this engine the big bang had to be simultaneously to us or we could not measure the CMB (no time has passed for the CMB since big boomy) or to say it wir acid clone: "There is just NOW!"

[@circa_76er]

It's a good intuitive way of thinking about it.

[@let4be]

if we live in a simulation and there is a certain clock rate at which simulation is being performed we have no way to access it, it does not matter for us if a single tick takes "a femtosecond" to compute outside or "a whole second", the concept of the outside time is inaccessible to us

[@circa_76er]

@@let4be Hello Sir. The way I understand time is that it is a function of the physical world. No energy flow or decay = no time...

[@abdulhakeemalmekhnaqi239]

I just got an idea of time dilation. Thanks for this video

[@anjuthanm]

Doesn't time difference at different heights (time dilation) exist due to gravity created by the mass of the object (earth in this case)?

[@narfwhals7843]

No, it exists as part of the _spacetime curvature_ around the mass of earth. Gravity, that is gravitational attraction, is a result of the curvature. See pinned comment answer 3.

[@gabrielsventura77]

This explanation is amazing, I have never heard of gravitational time dilation before and it makes so much sense. I am Brazilian and I recently discovered your videos. I'm really enjoying it and I'm very happy that the videos have Portuguese subtitles. :)

[@ABWEndon]

If you take the "it" out of "gravity" you're left with "gravy". And just like gravy, gravity can either flow smoothly or be lumpy depending on the size of mass involved.

[@nelsonclub7722]

Have you been to my Aunties for tea again?

[@ABWEndon]

@@nelsonclub7722 Nothing like chewing on a lump of gravy... helps you to make the most out of your Sunday roast!

[@RoyHerbert-dd7og]

Thank you for helping to explain dilation theory. my eternal dynamic thanks :)

[@theoverengineer]

Brilliant work, mate. Quick question about fluid flow: Doesn't the fast current first turn then carry the squirrel? Things like drowning squirrels do wash ashore (fall to Earth) due to wind and wave action when the current slows significantly. Can you show us the vectors there?

[@ahoksbergen]

Not a current. Just a visualization.

[@nelsonclub7722]

“The fact that we live at the bottom of a deep gravity well, on the surface of a gas covered planet going around a nuclear fireball 90 million miles away and think this to be normal is obviously some indication of how skewed our perspective tends to be.” Douglas Adams

[@bearwithabark]

Don’t panic, cover it in an S.E.P field.

[@plupkination]

Excellent point! If you want to really grasp how UN-normal our universe is, try this.. seriously contemplate our sun! Here is a giant ball of fire, that has already been burning for BILLIONS of years... and it will continue doing so for BILLIONS more.. Anyone who has ever just tried to keep a campfire going can appreciate the mammoth achievement that a star is!

[@i.m.i.7310]

Thanks for all the fish. D

[@i.m.i.7310]

Centi.

[@nelsonclub7722]

@@i.m.i.7310 In the beginning the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.

[@PaulMillard1973]

Mind blown!! An actual comprehensive explanation of the effect of gravity and how time produces what we can observe. Brilliant video!! 👍🏼🚀

[@James-xu3vc]

Go job, bro. You just drove me crazy 😂😂😂

[@cornycor]

1:10 I'm confused, is there time difference between the lower and the higher clock: a) because of their mutual distance? even if there weren't an earth underneath? b) because the building is placed on a rotating earth, causing the higher clock to follow a wider orbit, higher speed, slower time?

[@narfwhals7843]

Neither. There is a time difference between them because of their different distances _from earth_ . The earth's mass is causing the time gradient. It has nothing to do with its rotation. See pinned comment answer 4.

[@nakedb1976]

I've never heard gravity explained like this. It makes alot of sense. Why have I never heard this explanation before? Mind blown!

[@marcosgonza]

Hoodie clone is the most similar to me of your clones.. most def

[@showcase-me]

Best Clone!!!

[@Guesswhokk]

Interesting: time 'gradient' causes 'effect' of gravity when mass is present Arrow of Time should be uniform regardless of mass, so what cause 'time gradient' if it not mass? Feel like Mass still play a role in affecting > 'time gradient' > effect of gravity

[@narfwhals7843]

Mass does cause the time gradient. That is what is meant by "the earth causes it".

[@mikekenny4645]

The faster you go slower the clocks go, so that explains why I am late for my office every day despite driving my car at full speed, so I gain no advantage trying to save time . Heck

[@htmohadighigpsshefalykhatu862]

Whoa!!! Didn't see THIS coming! That's the easiest and most mind-blowing explanation I ever heard! Whoa!!! Whoa!!! Whoa!!! Thanks Professor😊

[@intsoumen]

A lot of scientist, mathematicians and philosophers like you try to explain this great Einstien's theory(and Gravity is not a force) visually on youtube and other media with animation. But this is the best video I have ever seen before. Greatly done. Thank you for sharing such content. This makes me subscribe to your channel.

[@robymaru03]

Me too he just got my subscription as well

[@intsoumen]

There is another video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/raPamHygd7qMjMU

[@hv3213]

haha yes, me too.

[@elodnagy4061]

just subscribed for the EXACT reason! lol PLUS i can share with my father in-law because I’ve been trying to explain and visualize this to him for weeks now to no avail! THIS WILL 100% convince him! I will post back with progress! THNX warden!

[@AmyB1961]

The time dilation idea fits with a video I watched the other day, which explained that one-way of a light year cannot be measured. Only the round trip can be.