The Truth About The Spy Who Saved The World | True Life Spy Stories

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Colonel Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky was a senior military intelligence officer working for the GRU in the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War. A joint operation between the CIA and MI6 was established, and Penkovsky would for the next 18 months, and with the help of ‘courier’ Greville Wynne, supply top-secret Soviet documents and information to the West.
For decades it was believed that the intelligence provided by Penkovsky allowed the United States to determine that the U.S.- Soviet missile gap was in its favour, discern Nikita Khrushchev's intentions in Berlin, and ultimately identify Soviet missiles in Cuba.
Few names have been as mythologized in spy history as that of Oleg Penkovsky. According to popular lore and even mainstream media, he is the "spy who saved the world" during the Cold War's most perilous moments, the Berlin and Cuban missile crises.
But in recent years, newly declassified information and the testimony of those involved in the Penkovsky operation on both sides of the Iron Curtain have told a somewhat different tale.
An alternate hypothesis suggests that Penkovsky's contribution to US and British intelligence and policymaking has been grossly exaggerated, distorted, and in some cases, entirely falsified. Some now believe that Penkovsky was in fact a genocidal maniac and a self-aggrandizer. Far from helping to avert a global nuclear conflict, he nearly provoked one.
Oleg Penkovsky was compromised by the KGB many months before his arrest. The unanswered questions that remain are, what happened during that time? Why did the KGB knowingly allow Penkovsky to continue supplying Soviet secrets to Western intelligence? Did they have a hand in what was being passed on, and if so, had Penkovsky become a triple agent?
As is often the case in matters of espionage, the facts are murky and the records incomplete. So, what then is the truth about the spy they say saved the world?
#spystories #coldwar #olegpenkovsky
Sources and further reading 📚: (affiliate links) 🛒:
📕 Dead Drop by Jeremy Duns - amzn.to/3ZX4Znx
📘 The Spy Who Saved the World: How a Soviet Colonel Changed the Course of the Cold War by Jerrold L. Schecter & Peter S. Deriabin - amzn.to/3T6NGye
Other spy books you may enjoy 📚: (affiliate links) 🛒
📕 A Woman of No Importance: The Untold Story of the American Spy Who Helped Win World War II by Sonia Purnell - amzn.to/3xJ7M7y
📘 Wolves at the Door: The True Story Of America's Greatest Female Spy by Judith Pearson - amzn.to/3KpP9NQ
📗 S.O.E.: An outline history of the special operations executive 1940 - 46 by M.R.D Foot - amzn.to/3IjrhIO
📕 Next Stop Execution by Oleg Gordievsky - amzn.to/3oQPA7U
📘 The Spy and the Traitor by Ben McIntyre - amzn.to/3SniRVh
📕 Farewell: The Greatest Spy Story of the Twentieth Century - amzn.to/3J1u1wC
📘 The Widow Spy by Martha Peterson - amzn.to/3GY0lh5
📕 Spycraft: The Secret History of the CIA's Spytechs, from Communism to Al-Qaeda - amzn.to/3ZVT1LO

[@paulambrus7656]

Greville came to Budapest twice when I was his guide/interpreter. The second time he brought a 20 ton lorry (exhibiting machine tools) built by MI6 for the specific purpose of smuggling Penkovsky to Austria in a secret compartment. However, by this time Penkovsky was arrested in Moscow and as we were leaving a trade reception Greville was grabbed by 3 KGB officers, bundled into a waiting car and flown out to the trial in Moscow. This entire Budapest episode of the rendez-vous with Penkovsky was omitted from the film ‘The Courier’ . I defected from Hungary in 1965 to the U.K.

[@PhilipThompson]

Wow, thanks for sharing more detail on this aspect of the story!

[@trey9971]

Damn now that is a story to tell

[@frenchartantiquesparis424]

Cool....!

[@davidvandargriff3630]

Glad you made it out. Thank you for your input.

[@realwealthproperties5671]

Wow! That is incredible! I’m sure you have some interesting stories to tell.

[@louisavondart9178]

Disgruntled employees are always a huge danger to any organisation. Treat them well and they stay loyal.

[@shlock1459]

agreed, happy/wellpaid/well treat employees will help make an organization flourish

[@auratheevinkian1326]

Yeah, but I feel like if you look in the story of George Blake, he turned into the communist and started working for the Russians so…

[@JeshiSama]

Major lesson: Avoid alcohol and honey traps.

[@aniketwagle]

I had read Penkovsky Papers Nearly 20 years ago, and it was a great window to the world of Espionage, Whatever is now uncovered, it goes without saying that his contribution was immense and the risks he took were high.

[@veramae4098]

It was a scam, written by CIA to manipulate Americans. I read it too, was so impressed, heartbroken when I found out. Phooey.

[@ricardojames2004]

Whosoever gave nuclear secrets to USSR saved the world

[@fratercontenduntocculta8161]

It's staggering in retrospect to learn just how many times we came close to Armageddon. Love this channel!

[@ammitthedevourerofsouls]

Agreed. So many in search of dominating the planet and ultimate power over everyone and everything. Man throwing out God trying to pretend they're God. Earth school being man made law when the universe is cree law. Not to mention the machine that everyone programmed for war games spy games hunting games killing games took over and are now enslaving those that enslaved innocent people. Funny how karma and universal law works. Sad this universe in diapers hasn't figured out how universal law works yet.

[@joshroi8610]

“Came”…? You’re talking pat tense… as if all those possibilities just went away magically… the death clock is as close to zero as it’s ever been. It’s literally so close to world Armageddon right now it makes the Cold War look like a friendly prank war 🤦‍♂️🤡😂🤣 look it up, do some research. I highly suggest it if you think the world is any better than it was then, it’s 1000x worse. Only difference now is the less nuclear bombs by a good bit, thing is there’s still more than enough nuclear bombs to wipe every major city off the globe and most small cities.

[@Greg-yu4ij]

This guy’s hatred for the USSR and his moral compass was so bad it made working with him dangerous. What if the whole time he wanted to provoke a nuclear first strike? I imagine the Soviet Union to be like a prison, created by Stalin, where everyone in a position of power is as likely to work against it as for it.

[@TheArtofFugue]

@@Greg-yu4ijagreed. But also agrrr w the original comment.

[@untermench3502]

This is interesting about Penkovski being killed by the GRU by being cremated in an oven. I once read a book by a GRU defector about a film they were required to watch about what happens to traitors to the Soviet Union. In that film He described a Colonel that was wired down to a gurney and was slowly pushed into the crematorium feet first. The film was silent but you could see that the victim was screaming as he was conscious during the procedure. The defector referred to the oven as 'the Conveyor.'

[@Herman47]

killed by being cremated??? He was burned alive?

[@KkidzZ.]

@@Herman47 yes

[@BengtRonning]

@@Herman47 So is the story. It is also said that the GRU/Spetsnaz where allowed to kill criminals taken from long time prison serving, just to let them get used to brutalism.

[@idipac]

​@@Herman47 +!++±😮😅±w1w+

[@Techead100]

​@@BengtRonning sounds like the current Wagner group operating.

[@Dredaydidntmakeeazypayday]

Honestly I'm very picky on my content I watch and this is by far my most favorite new channel please keep going do not stop thank youuu

[@verRioti64902]

stumbled upon this channel and what a gem!

[@mirjavidmirzayev5854]

Producer: How often can we put Pankovskys name in this documentary. Textguys: We will try our best to put as many Pankovskys as possible.

[@PhilipThompson]

🤣

[@robertsansone1680]

Excellent. Thank You. I read The Penkovsky Papers years ago & always wondered how true it was. I'm still wondering & probably always will.

[@martinnermut2582]

Chruscov: With our rockets we can hit a fly in space.. Penkovskij: The cant even hit a bull in the ass with a balalajka

[@Oo7Hola]

😂

[@Stinglikeabee625]

So much for his protection for providing all this info

[@nonAehT]

How has this channel only 24k subs? The stories are well produced, entertaining and informative. This is really good quality KZbin! I can't believe you are still at so few subs!

[@PhilipThompson]

I am grateful for every single one of my subscribers, and look forward to having more join me!

[@kgalalelomonthe5778]

Great stuff. I am speechless

[@BeardChest]

Nothing short of a bloody excellent video. Well done 👏🏻 👏🏻 👏🏻

[@BOY.3]

Thank you for all the great work you do! I can see the effort put into these videos! I enjoy them so much please don’t stop making content specifically about these spy’s! 😅🙏

[@E-Kat]

Yes, and there's no background music. When I hear music I always unsubscribe and turn off. I can hear a faint music now. Hmmm

[@starbors]

This has to be one of highest quality videos ive seen! good job

[@E-Kat]

Yes, indeed. I hope background music won't creep into this documentary.

[@jeffcool9769]

A fascinating study, thanks for that.

[@tomasnilsson866]

Fantastic stuff. Thanks for your amazing content

[@bonhomietv9350]

The courier! 1 of my favourite spy movie based on real events

[@sacha1259]

Fabulous Thank you so much.

[@Kawoski]

dang this is really good storytelling + nice narrator voice. Subscribed

[@kenhart8771]

Thx for sharing

[@acryllic2247]

Was this voiced with AI? Honestly great video but I like your real voice more. Keep up the great work Phillip!❤️

[@stevenf7683]

No. This is the way History Channel used to be. Phillip is just posting old History Channel content.

[@DynamoRyan]

Considering the voice sounds like it’s based off of Ben Kingsley’s voice, gonna guess he didn’t quite have the budget to hire one of the greatest actors of all time to do a voice over for a KZbin documentary. I echo another commenter that said you don’t need the AI voice (if that is indeed what it is) for the content to be legitimate. The quality of the writing and research determines that. Use your own voice! Some of the script where you use colloquialisms “gives you away” as to where the AI voice stumbles over them.

[@BearAmps]

Michael Redgrave, Ralph Richardson, or Marius Goring

[@RedcoatsReturn]

This…would…make a great movie! Rich material only released recently…a new take of a key player in the early 60‘s Cold War. The best spy documentary I have ever seen 😊👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏 I will include your channel in my video in July about ten channels I watch…like a hawk! 👍👍

[@PhilipThompson]

Thanks so much! I'll look out for it!

[@jennifersymons7036]

Hello Philip, I really enjoy your channel, I will definitely recommend it to friends

[@PhilipThompson]

Thank you Jennifer!

[@Phillip_Reese]

I read The Penkovsky Papers (1966) when I was 15. Since then he became my number one hero.

[@marsmohr1122]

Gut gemachter Beitrag- sehr schön kurz zusammengefasst 👍🏿

[@nancycornett9949]

Thank you

[@esterherschkovich6499]

Facinating.

[@geneloscowski3070]

В этой истории есть нечто большее, чем когда-либо сообщалось. ЦРУ действительно вступило в контакт с Гэри Пауэрсом, когда Пауэрс находился в тюрьме на Лубянке, в камере 45, перед показательным судом. ЦРУ удалось завербовать врача, который обследовал Пауэрса. ЦРУ удалось через доктора отправить Пауэрсу подробную записку. Пеньковского также попросили найти любую возможную информацию о Гэри Пауэрсе. Пеньковскому удалось получить один секретный документ, в котором указано местонахождение Пауэрса.

[@alfredoaraujo7756]

Even for a good reason being a snitch is not a safe business. My grand uncle used to say keep the mouth shut helps one’s live longer!

[@peterl3417]

A society grows great when old men plant trees in whose shade they shall never sit.

[@corinamaxim8254]

The world needs men that don't care how long they live but what impact they can make in the world

[@joshm3484]

Spies back then were a lot cooler, not some dumb kid trying to impress his little friends online.

[@PeterMaXXHorvath]

Poor Penkovsky... at 14:55, it is clear he was not sane.

[@phillylifer]

"penchant for alcoholism" is one odd phrase

[@user-fz7zt6cw6f]

Who would have thought one person would be so influenal in changing the world.

[@bestintentions6089]

Sir I appreciate your balanced view a true gem in these days of political slant present everywhere.

[@janepones1863]

Sad For Penkovsky 😢😢😢

[@peterhopkins7505]

Handling spies was always sensitive and highly classified, protecting them a priority. The initiation and first contacts especially difficult. The UK has always been a good spy master.

[@John_13_35]

Well, one example UK screwed the pooch- double agent Kim Philby was recruited and it cost lot of lives. He was a communist before he started university, where he was 1st wooed and recruited by some local spook grooming students. Before Mi6 recruited him. Peace

[@curtislowe4577]

The UK couldn't vet anyone. Philby and the rest of the Cambridge Five? Klaus Fuchs?

[@peterl3417]

Yeah, except they were thoroughly compromised by Communists who cost a lot of people their lives 🤦‍♂️

[@anauticalgate5496]

Churchill was getting drunk with Stalin , making secret deals behind the clearly dying FDR at Yalta. To be concise, walk between the raindrops without getting wet. Britain would continue ,outwardly, to be staunch US ally , but stand down ultimately to spare Britain when the inevitable row between US & Soviets came to fruition.

[@robinwells8879]

The common theme of these spy’s is that they seem to be very complex and somewhat flawed souls.

[@atg131000]

P.T. presents the Soviet version (that is inevitably bias) of the character and motives of colonel Penkovsky. There is another (more plausible) version by a person who himself was a GRU officer and later a historian and a writer, Victor Suvorov.

[@Ocelot835]

Suvorov isn't unbiased himself and most of his works have that kind of "sensational revelation" that aren't backed by anything more than his own words. Also he was several times cathced by real historians with revisionists attempts and false evidences so I doubt his version of Penkovsky story is more "plausible"

[@Awesomes007]

Glad to read this. I could sense the bias pretty quick.

[@TiberiiGrakh]

Victor Suvorov - BS stories.

[@squiglemcsquigle8414]

"Presents the soviet perspective" has 1 soviet source the rest UK and USA. Sure buddy.

[@orangejjay]

​@@squiglemcsquigle8414It's true! Trust me, bro.

[@shlock1459]

that young agent "campus" sounds pretty useless.

[@TheClarkek7]

18:26 🗣️🗣️🔥🔥BACK IN THE HOTEL ROOM IN LONDON🔥🔥

[@antoinettesera9390]

Interesting

[@nimrodelbeats]

Philip, I really love your videos as a spy enthusiasist. Can you please tell me the music you used in the very beginning right at 0:00?

[@PhilipThompson]

Thanks for your kind comment! The song at the beginning is called "A Waltz Among the Graves" by John Abbot (licensed via Epidemic Sound).

[@galinaburgess1578]

RIP Mr Penkovsky!!!

[@gregrobertson2726]

Proof how dangerous a world we live in. How many opportunities can we count for worldwide destruction since “the bomb” was created? Any tomorrow could be the last. Be kind if only for no other reason.

[@winstonmaraj8029]

Peter Wright said that Penkovsky was a plant in Spycatcher. I would agree with him.

[@user-fz7zt6cw6f]

There were great fears of a nuclear war in Britain of the sixties. Sixty years later and we are still threatened.

[@unbearifiedbear1885]

Not the first or last time the single individual who's decision saved us *all* was Russian

[@robertalpy]

MI6 headquarters is some of the most unusual architecture ive ever seen. You wouldnt think a headquaters for a secret service would be so loud and recognizably odd. Its like the base of saurons tower or something. A strange almost ziggurat looking thing.

[@louisavondart9178]

and it's full of people who will stab you in the back given the first opportunity. There are zero ethics in that business.

[@scoaladelajurilovca3]

Never ever a kgb will interogate a militar academy diplomatic gru officier. Only the high ranking of gru can do it!

[@stoicstone521]

Video is full of misinfo and propaganda

[@soulbrothers7789]

true

[@baaardmanbt5369]

Great video... Are you from South Africa by any chance? Sounds very much like an south African accent?

[@googlehomemini2059]

In Australia, PwC sold confidential info provided to them by government and productised it, now they all don’t seem to have jobs 😮

[@Shelleyshelleyxyz]

Very sad.

[@MakerInMotion]

I wonder if a dead drop was ever found by some random civilian before it could be collected. What would they do to that person?

[@nicolekarmah7103]

He did his all, taking pictures, gathering all that information is way too risky.. Whether he needed cash and awards and whatever to me he's a Hero. He felt downplayed when he got demoted because of his father's past.

[@jean6872]

Penkovsky was a reckless watched man.

[@goingoutonmyshield2811]

Not taking away anything that Penkovsky may have done to advert a nuclear catastrophe between the U.S and U.S.S.R, C.I.A. Director James Woolsey said the Russian agent Dmitri Fyodorovich Polyakov " was the Jewel in the Crown".

[@Ukie88]

There was another Oleg, Gordievsky

[@anthonyv1798]

2:22 same

[@jrizzuti]

Just watched The Courier last night. Benedict Cumberbatch did a tour d force performance. How much of the movie is true and what is dramatized?

[@PhilipThompson]

According to my research it strays from the truth (as its known) quite often, but a good movie nonetheless!

[@riverwilliams8321]

Keep making videos!!!!!

[@flashladderacrobat]

Peter Wright wrote in his book Spycatcher that it's possible that Penkovsky was a plant.

[@aebimomi]

Considering how he was eventually assassinated, he couldn't have been. The more plausible explanation is that the Soviets discovered his treason early enough but allowed him to think he was quite successful. They gained a lot of imtelligence and spies from this move.

[@flashladderacrobat]

@@aebimomi I agree with you up to the point that there is no "real" evidence that he was executed , the Soviets were experts of playing the long game.

[@robertandrews5640]

​@@flashladderacrobatAs you rightly say we are after all only relying on the word of the Soviets for all we know he could have enjoyed s lavish retirement and we never will know THE TRUTH

[@robertandrews5640]

ALL WE HAVE IS our perceptionm

[@KosherFinance]

Guy was a maniac

[@moneyong5451]

i was looking for colonel volgin

[@Aydin-Meric]

This story was told in the movie The Courier but the details are slightly different

[@dotmurphy7279]

Appreciate your explanation of how Gary Powers was brought down. This Russian reminds me of Benedict Arnold. Both turned for the same reason.

[@nievaconsing3344]

RIP 💐 🙏 Oleg Penkovsky ❤️ 🕊 🇵🇭

[@oceanhome2023]

Back when the CIA was Legit !

[@Glen.Danielsen]

God will judge. There’s peace in that.

[@callair123]

What is your source for the existence of the recording of the Wynne/Penkovsky conversation ("how is Zep'? 33.30) and can it be independently corroborated? Could the Soviets have fabricated this to downplay Penkovsky's importance (and minimize their embarrassment) by implying that they knew about his defection almost from the beginning?

[@PhilipThompson]

This story is recounted by Jeremy Irons in chapter 14 of his book 'Dead Drop' and he references the story as told by Pete Bagley in his book, Spy Wars.

[@kmccord1984]

Let's be honest. The narrator is just Ralph Fiennes making KZbin content under a pseudonym.

[@Bootmahoy88]

Despite all the elaborate and allegedly verified stories of espionage from both the east and west, don't put your trust in anything. The shadows are much larger than the light. These stories make for great drama and intrigue, but that's about all. This may sound like bitter cynicism, but so what?

[@charleshimes1634]

It doesn't sound as cynical so much as reasonable, Dan. Well spoken.

[@Bootmahoy88]

@@charleshimes1634 thanks.

[@DovidGershom]

The Colonel was likely betrayed by a Soviet mole in the CIA or a double agent.

[@booradley6832]

He was betrayed by the CIA to start with. There's no reason to put that Memo out, other than the intent to get him caught.

[@jjock3239]

I think Blake is the most likely prospect as the the guy who outed him.

[@xusmico187]

asset GULL also reported the execution burning.

[@padawanmage71]

I read many of the books written by Tom Clancy during the 80s and wonder if 'Cardinal of the Kremlin' is based on Pentovsky's exploits....

[@dmmchugh3714]

The MI6 and the British Embassy offered no help to Wynne during the trial ?

[@peterl3417]

wtf they gonna do? bust in and get him out of a police state equipped with an army 2x all of Europe and US?

[@FidelTrask]

Wtf is that turkey map at 5:46 ahahaha

[@kennedymcgovern5413]

This all sounds familiar. Does anyone know if this guy was the inspiration for Tom Clancy's "Cardinal of the Kremlin?"

[@ebnertra0004]

I believe in the books, Filitov (Cardinal) knew Penkovsky, and even became an agent under Penkovsky

[@kennedymcgovern5413]

@@ebnertra0004 Thanks brother. Man, it has been 30 years since I read that book. But when I saw this video, my mind kept telling me "I have heard all of this before." I appreciate your help filling in the blanks.

[@ratuadilFF]

Nah tuh, marketing Amerika jago banget, Istilah lainnya Super representatif

[@alfredoaraujo7756]

In Brazil military dictatorship back in 60s, 70s and part of 80s had very sad stories of communist para military members being pushed from military airplane into the high sea with hands tight and drugged. If someone wants to live shorter as that kind of being remembered good luck. That’s why my uncle used to call for keeping mouth shut gives one’s a chance to live longer. PS. CIA was behind or supervising all the Brazilian military dictatorship operations fighting the “para military leftist”movement. I am saying that because one’s criticized me saying “one’s with mouth shut might have a chance to live longer.” Soviet Union killed their traitors with extreme cruelty in the name of communism. However, the right wing also killed their traitors (Para Military Members) in Brazil with extreme cruelty supported by CIA.

[@santoshjoshi2695]

Historical importance of kyiv formerly Kiev now the focus of a deadly war.

[@dokasaku1233]

in my opinion he was courageous man, anticommunist and hero. There should be a monument or epic movie commemorating him

[@chriswarburtonbrown1566]

The epic movie is The Courier starring Benedict Cumberbatch. Well worth watching, although a slightly different version to that told in this video.

[@colinstewart1432]

Hero was actually Penkovskys' CIA code name

[@thornil2231]

how can one be both a hero and anti-communist?

[@JohnGeorgeBauerBuis]

@@thornil2231more easily than you’d think.

[@BrandonSmith-qx8jx]

Anti communist means antisemitic. Why would they make him a movie? Lmao

[@prashantpandya3830]

No audio?

[@spaceshuttledoorgunner125]

Is he the father of or mentor or Victoria Nuland?

[@Am-pk3zh]

he was caught & killed by KGB.

[@ribeninua2874]

So if Petrovsky did not supply the information, would it have made any difference to the world we're now living??

[@peterl3417]

The Cubans would have set up nukes in our backyard. Since we thought their missiles and quantity of missiles was much higher, (which wasn’t the case), Berlin and maybe West Germany would have had to be given to the Russians in exchange for removing nukes from Cuba. West Germany was responsible for Germany today becoming an industrial giant, and with Communists ravaging it, the world would be that much shittier without German stuff.

[@JeffBourke]

Absolutely poor form to be so careless with his identity.

[@almartin4]

This presentation is very well done, as always, but seems slanted to follow the high-level events without really addressing the meaning, and primary issues of that conflict. There were citizens of every stripe, on both sides, engaged in these confrontations. I was fortunate (and honored) to serve under President Reagan as a Senior NCO in the US Army, stationed in the occupied city of West Berlin from 1981 to 1984. The Cold War was at its peak then, mostly as a clear confrontation between NATO (commercial west) and the Warsaw Pact (communist east). President Reagan made his first official visit to West Berlin in June of 1982 and spoke initially to those of us in the Allied military forces stationed there. This was long before his famous ‘Wall’ speech. Membership in NATO was formed from western allies voluntarily; France was excluded because they chose not to join at that time. Membership in Warsaw Pact was formed, and enforced by Soviet forces, in countries they invaded during World War II. Any country that tried to leave the Warsaw Pact because of freedom movements (East Germany (DDR) / Hungary / Czechoslovakia) faced violent suppression by the Soviet forces. The members of the Warsaw Pact were not the comrades as the PR often claim. It appeared similar events would happen in Poland during the 1980’s. We were able to see the evils of communism everyday in the DDR. Oftentimes in areas just across the street or closer. Escape attempts and bloody retribution were pretty common occurrences with blatant and often loud results. Everyone on that side suffered in some form or other from food shortages to constant brutality. I was attached to the Military Intelligence (MI) Detachment as an interrogator tasked with interviewing defectors (Border Guard / Military) and refugees (civilians) from all of the various Pact countries. They were fleeing similar oppression with many vivid stories of their own. We had an almost constant flow during my time there. We were especially concerned about events in Poland as the Solidarity Union disturbances were watched closely by the Soviet seniors. There had been earlier info from a Polish colonel about the situation in Poland (I think Kuklinski) and the Warsaw Pact. During one of my 1983 interviews with a different Polish officer who had defected; I asked him what would happen if the Pact forces invaded Poland to suppress the activities… … would the Polish military fight or not. His answer was both humorous and cynical. He said: “Your question presents a very serious issue for Polish soldiers to answer; do we do our duty to the people and country by shooting Russians? Or do we enjoy ourselves by shooting Germans? No more invasions.” We were pretty certain something was coming soon by that time; just not sure if we would become radioactive dust or the Soviet Union would collapse. I am surprised it took until 1989 for the Wall to actually come down and it looks like modern day rioters are trying to put it back up. Regards

[@ericphantri96734]

Because the movie FX had hinted

[@nupagadii5834]

Soon KGB archives will be accessed

[@sergeygalayda2931]

Never. Too much dirt on Soviets.

[@user-hi3xr6rq3y]

16 months is 1 year & 4 months.

[@turtlegrams6582]

Please on youtube > Revolutions Tyrants and Wars via Walter Veith

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

focus on divine central authority

[@voya8480]

Сада мање знате него 1961.

[@JohnSmith-pc3gc]

"Thorg, Jonathan Cabot. I've admired you since Munich." kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHuYpqGoibidetU

[@petefluffy7420]

Not going to tell us what he did to earn that label ?

[@petrucci1794]

They would have skinned him alive

[@Edo9River]

To share an interesting story to someone before I forget it😅😅. I can’t compete with some of the comments. So when I was a grad student in San Diego in the early days of the internet. As you probably know the university libraries had a subscription to a computer network to EBSCO to supply access to the huge, or relatively huge, data base of their subscription based journals. I was doing work for a Prof. And I happened to find a rather bizarre English summary of a Hungarian research paper of research done in about 1953 of decorticated human heads supported by machines to keep them “alive”. Of course they couldn’t do it. Bu this was the study of the attempt to do so. …..could they? Lol.

[@fabiodeoliveiraribeiro1602]

Poor guy... He will forever be considered a traitor in Russia and an ambitious and useful traitor in the US and England.

[@avramalex112]

too much 1990 probable is 1890 !!! I think is necesary to check it out! is about 19 century...1800- 1899....And the mistake is apearing for to many times...If is born in 1990 is about 33 years old now....