The Turkish Century | The Journey of the Republic

[@ArkenTheAmerikan]

If all of these coups and massacres show us anything, it's this: You cannot kill an idea, only try to bury it with a better idea. Even then, you must remain cautious of the fact that it can rise from its grave when you aren't looking and knock you out from behind.

[@md-im8qp]

I love eating babies

[@Crafterthecaster]

Die gedanken sind frei My thoughts freely flower Die gedanken sind frei My thoughts give me power No scholar can map them No hunter can trap them No man can deny Die gedanken sind frei

[@vorynrosethorn903]

You can kill ideas but only by making them be forgotten.

[@mariano98ify]

@@masscreationbroadcasts that sounds like oppression with extra steps...

[@furkanozdemir2302]

This is literally the only generalisation which is true in every situation , any time and place. It is so true , it is not a generalisation , it is a law.

[@Kraut_the_Parrot]

When I started working on this the Hagia Sophia was still a museum... lol

[@marcnassif2822]

What are your thoughts on that if you don't mind me asking

[@alperbulut1267]

It is still a museum. They just changed the fucking name for votes. Also it is free for tourists now. Cuz y know it is not a museum..

[@Swedishiwa]

Lol, you even delay the premier an extra 15 minutes for good measure. Looking forward too it, sure it’s gonna be great

[@Rowosehip]

Yeah sorry about that it's not a popular change here as well

[@funnysecksnumber6998]

@@alperbulut1267 not for votes. it was because the greek priminister said "you cant make hagia sophia a mosque" they made hagia sophia open to worship just to show that they wont be ordered around with their internal affairs. i dont know what the fucking greek priminister expected, youre speaking to erdogan, an authoritarian conservative, with almost full control over turkey.

[@josephparent2628]

I can't believe the mad lad included Turkish Star Wars in this video

[@johnstrader4606]

@@egesanl1 oh yeah that movie

[@selimkarademir2950]

We have Turkish Supermans too

[@jameslatini]

I love how he never curses in his videos unless it is to quickly summarize how much of a disaster British decolonization was

[@caniblmolstr4503]

As if British colonizafion was a charitable exercise...

[@seanshin1615]

If one makes himself at home in another man's home, the least they can do is to leave it tidy when they leave. I find criticism of a disastrous decolonization more fitted to emotional criticism than colonization itself. Hear me out. Fine, you colonized a country. You extracted and exploited as much of the resources as possible. You probably messed large parts of it up. But when you leave, at least have the decency do at least _try_ to fix what you messed up. In terms of logical criticism, the act of colonization itself for the sake of exploitation of resources is more worthy of criticism. However, in terms of emotional response, a disastrous decolonization is more criticism-attracting. Let me provide a hypothetical story which may illustrate my point. You knock on someone's door. They open it. You basically invite yourself in, half pushing your way through the door. You run into the bathroom. You defecate. You flush. It clogs. You spam the flush button. Water flavored with the taste of yesterday's five-days old super spicy tacos now floods the bathroom. Instead of taking responsibility and cleaning the bathroom, you break the window and run away as fast as possible. Now, what makes you more angry and/or disgusted? Barging in to a stranger's house, pooping without permission, and clogging the toilet and making a mess or the fact that one did this without taking responsibility and cleaning it? Perhaps it may be different for you, but for me, I find the act of not taking more responsibility more angering, even though the first act of barging in is probably more illegal and reprehensible.

[@bernhardmeysel]

Yeah, it's a common trait among educated Germans to be overly emotionally negative and critical when it comes to Britain's role in world history. They are able to discuss most historic topics quite objectively, until it gets to the British Empire, then they get this sudden urge to state how everything the British did was dumber and worse than anything anybody else did, and altogether the world would have been better off without the British Empire. It's a mix of a few different emotions. For one, there is this rather old sentiment in Germany, that Britain's drastically more successful run at world influence, while being rather similar (germanic language and culture, protestant, similar size, enemies with the french), is unfair, and that Germany should have played at least as big, if not bigger, a role on the world stage as Britain. Combine that with a more recent need to atone for Germany's 20th century fuck ups by virtue signalling that the collective western expansion was and is bad, while also secretly feeling that other european powers are getting off lighter than oneself for the fuck ups of the last centuries. Add a pinch of a very German belief in knowing how to do everything better than anybody else. Tada, German intellectual's rather irrational resentment of Britain and it's former empire.

[@caniblmolstr4503]

@@bernhardmeysel so we are to ignore decolonization fuckups in Africa? Indian subcontinent? South America? Your reply is one typical of one who does not know history. When did you get a unified Germany? 1880s. And Britain has a hand in colonizoation since the 16th Century Before that Prussia has always been an overachiever for its size. And even after becoming an empire it was.

[@bernhardmeysel]

@@caniblmolstr4503 what the fuck are you talking about? Who said anything about ignoring decolonization fuck ups. The original comment talked about noticing that Kraut only gets negatively emotional in his video when it comes to the British Empire. I offered an explaination for this behavior based on my own experience with educated German speakers. "Your reply is one typical of one who does not know history. When did you get a unified Germany? 1880s." Lol, wut? It's pretty rich of you to question my grasp of history and immediately get a very basic historic fact wrong in the next sentence. The Deutsche Reich was founded in 1871. "When did you get a unified Germany? 1880s. And Britain has(sic) a hand in colonizoation(sic) since the 16th Century Before that Prussia has always been an overachiever for its size. And even after becoming an empire it was." What are you trying to state? That the idea of a nation just popped into existence in 1871? FIY, the term "Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation" had been in use since the 15th century. Also, Germany does not equal Prussia. For someone who pretends to have a better grasp of German history, that's a pretty ridiculous error of thought. Before the unification of the German states, there was an idea of a collective German nation among German intellectuals. Because of multiple reasons, this collective Germany was not unified as a nation-state until 1871, far later than it's 19th century rivals France and England, which started forming nation states in the late medieval period already. This "lost time" and lost opportunity to participate in empire building as a big nation state was one of the main reasons of Germany's general feeling of having been "wronged" by history in the late 19th century, which is one of the main reasons why the German government behaved so bellicose in the last decades before 1914. After the catastrophe, having been denied the "just ascension" of Germany, this feeling of "deserving" as dominant a role on the world stage as the British transformed into a resentment of British success and the British empire, a feeling that has endured to this day and has combined with other, more modern sentiments. "Before that Prussia has always been an overachiever for its size. And even after becoming an empire it was." Again, Prussia does not equal Germany. Also, no, it was not "always an overachiever for its size". The Teutonic Order State was a rather minor player on the fringes of Europe, and it finally lost to and was vassalised by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Prussian Lands were devastated during the Thirty Years War, and the Prussian Dukes only gained their autonomy as a result of the Swedish-Polish Conflicts. The ascension of Prussia only started around 1700. Also, Prussia was defeated and to a large part occupied during the Napoleonic wars.

[@ELVIS1975T]

As a Turk, when I watched "from Hittites to Atatürk", I felt so good and proud. Now, back to depression again. Thank you :)))

[@pilavboy4417]

We will kick the shit out of them. We will change it. Whatever happens WE.WİLL.CHANGE.İT!

[@Alikow89]

Valla amk ne güzel övüyodu kötü oldu bu

[@mirageowl]

To be fair it is pretty difficult get education on this part of Turkish history through our education system :D

[@bobanrajowic]

Don’t you think that it’s unhealthy to be be “proud” or “depressed” due to history of your country which took place before your birth? It’s not your achievement or your failure, it’s not something that depends on you.

[@ELVIS1975T]

@@bobanrajowic No.

[@PackedWolf]

It's really depressing how common the "crash the economy to get me and my pals rich then blame minorities" strategy is.

[@starman275]

This is what happens when your country is controlled for elites instead of share the power with a lot of people in the society

[@nicolasd140]

Wow, its almost as if deregulating and privatizing the economy leads to a tendency towards monopoly who then acquire political power through their wealth and influence to further monopolize the economy. Remember kids, Margaret Thatcher's grave is the first gender-neutral bathroom.

[@felipedaiber2991]

The first movie was 500 years ago and it has more sequels than fast and furious multiplied by marvel movies so yeah its way too common

[@zachphelps3427]

Nicolas DeGrâce preach

[@Spongebrain97]

And then right wingers come along and make horrible apologist arguments in favor of minority blaming

[@otanakugaming3357]

I think this is one of the cleanest comment section of a video about Turkey

[@KommentarSpaltenKrieger]

about any country, for that matter. just mention countries and you will find comment sections turn into nationalist messes.

[@tahategin6969]

I think Kraut's way of extracting and telling the story, his general audience being much more reserved than the rest- with the contents of the second part having little to do with international conflicts but more about the internal issues does not prepare the spark for discussion. Had he focused more on Cyprus, which I am grateful he didn't, it would turn the video into a hotspot of mad extremeist gathering. Also, there is a general lack of understanding among the fresh generation of Turkish and European youth, latter obviously expected, of the recent Republic's history. And since there is no foundation to speak of, I don't think many like me dare not attempt to argue.

[@FurkanCemTurfanda]

Because the target audience of such an educational video is generally going to be more intelligent and civil. Also, I bet most of the ultraconservative Greeks and Turks that turn these comment sections into shitshows don't understand English well enough to watch such aong and in depth video in English.

[@iskambillordu]

Because its objective

[@iskambillordu]

@Visible Confusion lmao

[@concept5631]

Turkish presidents: *tries to become a dictator* Turkey Army: I'm sorry did you just disrespect the *f a t h e r o f t h e T u r k s ?*

[@mertozbek680]

@Ghost Ghost watch the video

[@mertozbek680]

@Ghost Ghost adnan menderes was a dictator.

[@mertozbek680]

@Ghost Ghost nope

[@kasadam85]

@Ghost Ghost Atatürk ilk ve son diktatör.

[@kasadam85]

@Ghost Ghost Halkın oyuyla değil ama yine oyla seçildi İnönü. Vatanından biri ile yabancı dilde konuşunca ne kadar bağnaz olduğun gerçeği değişmiyor kardeşim bu arada.

[@sortingoutmyclothes8131]

I'm Latin American and this section of Turkish history, if you take Islam out of the question, which is admittedly a pretty big part, and if you shuffle some things around time wise, is eerily similar to our history, at least here in Argentina. I kept thinking of the two Spidermen meme.

[@CamilloTai]

I suppose that the Kemalist Vision can be easily swaped by the peronist vision of Juán Peron in argentina. Not in content of course, but both are visions that are fundamental for the modern society created in each country, both were created by deeply loved leaders and are really popular to this day in the average day to day life. Also both happened in the early/middle 20th century Here in Brazil we have something similar in Getulio Vargas.(Populist that was in power from 1934 to 1945, and is to this day very beloved by the average joe) Also coups organized by the military around the 70s (Although the argentinian coup was closer to the brazilian one.) I am not much aware of the current state of peronism in argentina today. However i think its a safe bet that it is slowly fading as the original vision gets weaker or twisted. Somewhat similar to Erdoğan rising as the original kemalist vision in turkey gets weaker. It is facinating to see that history indeed tends to repeat itself.

[@Ildskalli]

@@CamilloTai Ugh, I was going to say exactly the same. In Chile we've seen most of the same shit. Even the part about Özal and Çiller is eerily similar to our current situation - we haven't seen the next step, though, and that's kinda terrifying.

[@inflames433]

🇹🇷❤💪🇦🇷

[@nonsenseobserver9797]

I have the exact same feeling about Simon Bolivar, his life and style seems very similar to Ataturk

[@TheScienceofnature]

If you take Islam out of it and put Christianity in, would it be more similar or less?

[@HistoryforThinkers]

Kraut is single-handedly raising the attention-span of an entire generation. Good work lad.

[@rhdsa8554]

@Robert Bowles that is your own opinion not the main consensus. Are you going to keep whining?

[@Tankliker]

@Robert Bowles there is still a third part comming.

[@bugrazer5521]

@Robert Bowles i dont think he hated greeks.after the war for independence in turkey greek and turkish relations was positive and stable.they even tried to form a pact against italian and german agression.positive relations ended after ww2. and why do you think he hated greeks armenians and assyrians?

[@jasonmartin4775]

@Robert Bowles sources or you're lying. And don't whine about providing it, please.

[@emisunflowers]

Robert Bowles there’s enough evidence out there these days to prove any perspective right. I’m not saying you’re wrong, but nobody can include every single perspective on an issue when making a documentary. And obviously kraut makes mistakes from time to time, but so does everyone.

[@theminecrafterreturns7251]

Other Military Coups: Haha I am now In charge Turkish Military Coups: nah fam, you can have the democracy back

[@brobroman9356]

LMFAO

[@jordanegauduchon5365]

That was until 2016 and the failed coup against Erdogan. This helped him justify imprisonment of political opposition and journalists and radicalised his politics! We now see the result of that!

[@learningthroughpain.7215]

@@jordanegauduchon5365 Not really.

[@ishubetterthanyou1582]

@@learningthroughpain.7215 Why not? Or I can wait for Kraut's video lol

[@yusufemir8314]

@@jordanegauduchon5365 Fake coup*

[@isaacsorrels4077]

After fanboying over Ataturk in the last video, this one just makes me think that Turkey didn't deserve him. That's unfair to say, as most turks were probably victims to a minority of extremists, but God damn is it heartbreaking to see how far his vision had begun to fall. Shit is sad, yo.

[@Cecilia-ky3uw]

@@Toloposki still think ataturk ruined the megali idea, wanted it to happen so badly....

[@Toloposki]

@@Cecilia-ky3uw I mean it would be cool but I like what the map looks like today

[@Cecilia-ky3uw]

@@Toloposki at least thrace to greece, would make things neater

[@bars6937]

@@Cecilia-ky3uw and turks wanted the misaki milli which also didnt happen, results: angry ultra nationalistic teenagers in both sides. great success id say

[@sapphyrus]

@@Cecilia-ky3uw Talking about Greek version of GrossDeutschland like a good thing, just Westerner things.. Love when they mald about it.

[@edderek1948]

Ataturk never banned the call for prayer, he just turned it into Turkish, so that people could understand it.

[@azmolhossain9244]

nope, he mocked islam, Prophet and Quran.

[@umutneo]

@@azmolhossain9244 since it is bullshit does not matter anyways.

[@umutneo]

@Mohamed M why the hell you should read and say something that you don't understand? That seems like a valid reason to me. I will go one step further, when you accually understand what is in holy books you start to understand that they are not logical.

[@cttpk8394]

@Mohamed M You can listen it as arabic in your country you arab. Now stfu.

[@umutneo]

@Mohamed M If you read quran and understand it and still need an explaination about it being illogical i dont think you can understand anything i say or anything at all.

[@kawa-imilliye6405]

In Turkey we call tourism "bacasız sanayi" which translates to "factory without smokestack"

[@TheNord06]

your username is blursed

[@M.T....]

aga, o nasıl bir username?

[@huseyindorukdurgun8100]

atatürk sama

[@nikod8412]

Best username.

[@aureavita8653]

@@huseyindorukdurgun8100 Atatürk-senpai

[@Flow86767]

*That’s cool and all, but don’t forget the 10 minutes ROBLOX video you’re supposed to do because of this being late.*

[@kilimounais9936]

yes WE NEED ONE your comment need more like we need a roblox video

[@thepossum9396]

Exactly

[@waffle1916]

The Possum you bastard with your alts

[@waffle1916]

addicted to pepper *comwad UwU*

[@CheeseSlayer294]

Now this would be epic

[@q7ozi]

It is very sad that I, as a young Turkish high schooler am learning about my country's recent history from a foreign yt channel. This stuff should have been taught to me at school.

[@arkoleonakos]

If you were, history would have been different. But in greece happens the same aswell. Everything during and after world war 2 is not taught properly, and of course, most of the history is taught by the greek perspective only. I never heard in my school about the colonization the European powers did for example.

[@xander1201]

it is being taught actually? like every inch of it? lol

[@arkoleonakos]

@@xander1201 what do you mean?

[@xander1201]

@@arkoleonakos I'm talking to the Turkish guy who was saying that these things are not being taught in Turkey.

[@DeinBenutzername]

@@xander1201 lisede sayısal seçtiysen bunları görmüyorsun. eşit ağırlık seçenler görüyor olabilir.

[@DieNextInLINE]

I have never been interested in the region of Anatolia outside of it's place in Roman history but with your videos, Kraut, I am utterly hooked. I had intended to go to bed at a decent time but instead started the Hittite to Ataturk video at 10:30pm. It's now 1:00am and I can't stop watching. I haven't been this engaged since I found out the extended editions of LOTR were on HBOMax. You have achieved something magnificent with this series and I absolutely love it.

[@YiGzit]

Gf: I bet he is thinking about that cute girl from the bar Me: *Obsessively counting down to the premiere*

[@absboodoo]

Girl: Guys literally only want one thing and it's fucking disgusting Guy: New Kraut video.

[@orangedalmatian]

Girl: I bet he's thinking about other girls... Guy: *mmmm turkish history and geopolitics*

[@ente866]

As if you had one

[@sasukeuchiha7320]

@@ente866 😔

[@YiGzit]

@@ente866 i dont need one. Your mother is on speed dial

[@zudnughitaf4785]

Gece: Night. Kondu: Put there, meaning "buildings put there overnight"

[@KediHazretleri]

Unfortunately his pronunciations and translations were so wrong but you know he’s not a native Turkish speaker. But yeah he should have search.

[@dxdmontage1846]

Nope, it's called slums you're actually wrong. Nasıl bir translate 😂😂😂😂

[@Tennis932000]

Im still halfway through the video, but i had to write this. As a coptic egyptian, I never expected as comprehensive and honest of an overview of 1960-1980s egypt and the arab world, but this is a well researched and honestly made video and i had to commend you on that sir. Bravo!

[@Kraut_the_Parrot]

00:00:11 Chapter 9 - "A Republic, If you can keep it." Turkey from 1938 to 1960. Developments towards the West, advent of Capitalism, the first coup. 00:17:09 Chapter 10 - "Years of Lead" - Turkey from 1960 to 1980. The development of increasing political plurality. Conservative reclusiveness. Radicalism. War with Greece and two Coups. 00:33:00 Chapter 11 - "A Conservative Renaissance" The global Islamist revival of the 70s. The development of Turkish Islamism in the 80s. It's differing directions. The legacy of Turgut Özal. 01:03:20 Chapter 12 - "Rebranding Islam" The economic failures of the political establishment during the 90s. The development of modern Turkish Islamism. It's rise to power.

[@boyman7823]

Im still skeptical about calling turkey "islamist" in any form.

[@kawa-imilliye7317]

I hope you gave a detailed explanation of the 1993 massacre of Sivas. It’s one of the most important events in modern Turkish history and it shows the power of Islamist backed by the government. After that point, Islamism was the ruling ideology.

[@boyman7823]

@@kawa-imilliye7317 can we really call turkey islamist? A country where alcohol, homosexuality, being trans, pre-marital sex, leaving islam, women's right to vote and to dress however they like are all legal without penalty? I think it is more suitable to just call it a conservative populist dictatorship rather than islamist.

[@kawa-imilliye7317]

boyman yes I agree but the current government is trying to erase those all. Also there is a great amount of Islamist in the country so populism is basically the same as islamism. The other day there was a twitter hashtag about wanting sharia law.

[@boyman7823]

@@kawa-imilliye7317 i think we both know any attempt at sharia would mean civil war. I wouldnt go off of a loud minority with something like that. Professionally done polls mostly seem to say that islamists are under %8 of the population while the rest is generally divided between three big groups being; nationalists, kemalists and conservatives. In a country like Turkey those ideologies can even overlap with each other and anyone can vote for any party regardless of how they identify themselves ideologically.

[@hihisham]

I was promised bird sounds

[@Kraut_the_Parrot]

They start at 1 hour and 25 minutes

[@69milllionsubswithnovids23]

@@Kraut_the_Parrot ok now I know its at least 1 hour and 25 mins, so YES

[@KOTYAR0]

@@Kraut_the_Parrot YAY! I wanted them too!

[@avros008]

İ didnt heard any birb.

[@derhenri2002]

@@avros008 At 1:25:25 you can ever so slightly hear the birds.

[@dgdn]

0:19 Chapter IX - A Republic, if you can keep it 17:06 Chapter X - Years of Lead 33:13 Chapter XI - A conservative renaissance 1:03:25 Chapter XII - Rebranding Islam

[@Shadow77999]

Its incredible how similar Turkeys history is to Argentina's, from the 1970s coups to the 1990s, 2000s economic disasters where everyone clinged to dollars

[@niichisann]

Turkey and Argentina are still similar today. Look at our countries, we are both suffering from bad economy.

[@thomasgray4188]

OH MY GOD OK OK ITS HAPPENING. EVERYONE STAY CALM EVERYONE STAY CALM.

[@weakpenguen2024]

Slaaaaap !

[@PonceTheArg]

NEVEEEER

[@BossCat42]

Calm down

[@nathanracher2911]

EVERYBODY STAY CALM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@josepablitoaurar7051]

@@weakpenguen2024 thankyou

[@kmmmsyr9883]

I'll give a spoiler of the next episode of the history of Turkey: Erdoğan lives long enough to see himself become the villain.

[@cantutmez8854]

He was a villain from the start.

[@kmmmsyr9883]

@@cantutmez8854 True, but he looked like a hero at the time. Turkish people trusted him for fixing economy, making Turkey freer, etc. and it all ended up with this tyranny.

[@gayzer1020]

@@kmmmsyr9883 he made beatiful roads and thats about it

[@klaus2045]

@@kmmmsyr9883 Lol, other than some liboş no sane person believe that image of liberalistic Tayyip in Turkey. Only west medias especially American and fetö media believed that.

[@kmmmsyr9883]

@Osman Oglu Oh, Neo-Ottomanist Erdoğan supporter has come lol

[@bars6937]

This is unironically one of the best and unbiased videos of republic of turkey's history videos i have ever seen

[@captnorthern7024]

I was thinking about the artists of illustrations, which are marvelous with very precious sense of humor, and thank you for giving them a shout-out. I watched the first two without any break, and fully applause your efforts. Such a great doc, that I always wanted to have in hand to express Turkish history. Thank you!

[@salhistory8169]

Just a small correction for Lebanon, we still have many nightclubs and bars, and as far as LGBTQ rights go we are still a long way ahead compared to the rest of the arab world (tunisia being the sole exception to this) Lebanon isnt ruled by religious extremism as much as sectarian confessionalism (Think of it like the Bosnia of the middle east), it doesnt matter if you're a practising muslim/christian/sunni/shia/ druze, what matters is that your "loyalty" belongs to the sect and you vote for the sectarian parties that go with it)

[@daedulus7203]

Lebanon is not the country it used to be. Bloody revolution paints the country and the various peoples are more divided than ever. As a Lebanese descendant, I can tell you that I am proud to call these people my forefathers. Lebanon is a country that is the MOST Westernized in the arab world, but with groups such as Hezbollah, those rights are all under attack.

[@Yuhyuhmuhmuh]

Bro, Lebanon is so weird. Either way good to hear that

[@jeanjasmine]

good to hear that! You are the descendants of the Phoenicians bros (my favorited ancient civilisation), with marvellous see voyaging and international trading skill. Keep up your true identity please!

[@davidimhof7036]

A very interesting country i would love to hear more about it

[@salhistory8169]

@@davidimhof7036 @kraut Plz do a vid on Lebanon!

[@rayfrompalmbay9656]

A republic, if you can keep. Wasn't that said by Ben Franklin?

[@Kraut_the_Parrot]

yes

[@genericyoutubeaccount579]

backstory. The drafting of the Constitution was a very secret matter. All members were sworn to secrecy because the negotiation between the delegates could cause the public to get involved and start rioting for this proposal or that proposal. It would also prevent the delegates from forming a united front to push the constitution if the Constitutional Congress appeared to be internally divided. A woman walked up to Ben Franklin and asked. "What kind of government are you making for us? A Republic or a Monarchy?" Ben Franklin replied "A Republic, if you can keep it." The primary threat at the time was that of the return of Monarchy. One interesting fact about the founding of America is that nearly all of America's founding fathers were not military men. Jefferson, Madison, Hamilton, John Jay, Ben Franklin where all civilians. This is quite strange in the anals of history as most often states are founded by successful military leaders. From Charlemagne to Simon Bolivar and Attaturk to Lenin. It is quite strange that for a country so associated with militarism today that its most valued citizens were civilians.

[@memescap1236]

America is not a militarized society we just spend a lot on military and even today most of our most prized Citizens are still civilians

[@abbedurgut3743]

@@memescap1236 This comment could use some commas.

[@garrettledford1147]

@Osman Oglu lmao you seem to be missing the point. Separation between church and state isn't persecution (if you do it right, ex: America) it's the assurance that the power of a government is based in the physical world and it's people instead of a questionable "heavenly" justification for actions taken. I can't really explain why this is good in a reply but look at the stability of the secular (enough) democracies in the world vs. the theocracies of the world. TL; DR; Secular government is the better option but it isn't unabusable, hence, I presume, your opinions. (did that make sense? I'm saying you're wrong, if it wasn't clear enough as is).

[@williamdavis9562]

I am in awe at the quality of your work Kraut. The research, the detail, the ability to condense complicated topics into simpler forms in an intellectually honest way is not an easy thing to do. I've been following Turkish politics for quite a while and I've never seen so much information compacted into such a short segment while retaining a high level of accuracy and nuance. Repeating one's self is never a good thing but here I must break that rule. Again I am in complete and utter awe in your quality of work.

[@BallyBoy95]

Legit... this channel is phenomenal. Good work on the Turkish Century, look forward to the third piece. Keep up the good work Kraut.

[@onuuk]

Turn Hagia Sophia into a Jedi Temple

[@qwite9309]

Onuuk smh

[@apersononlineyes6554]

YES

[@gangsteryengec873]

Dew it

[@appleslover]

*Let's make a religion out of this*

[@Medea86730]

Tayyip/Palpatine: Execute Order 66

[@cameronburke8002]

Ataturk : Time to make a functioning democracy. Every President after him : Tries to establish a dictatorship. Ataturk : NO STOP

[@turkbud802]

Atatürk himself was a dictator, a ''philosopher dictator'' but still a dictator. I hate to say it myself but he made a horrible starting point for a healthy democracy in the future.

[@Medea86730]

@@turkbud802 It's called militant democracy. To preserve democracy, one cannot allow the anti-democratic elements such as Nazis, Islamists, Communists etc. to gain power lest these very elements abolish the democracy and basic human rights altogether.

[@turkbud802]

@@Medea86730 You gotta remember when atatürk came to power, none of these 20th and 21th century authoritarian ideologies were in place. The most authoritarian a country could go was absolute monarchy back then, which in alot of ways a top to bottom ideological single party mostly military dictatorship wasnt that different of in many ways. Atatürk himself virtue signalled about ''democracy'' but himself never did much to attain it, leaving that issue to his predecessors as he abused most of his image as a war hero and a constructer of a new republic to force his citizens to comply to a world order he believed in, without much of a public discourse about it.

[@falahati]

@@turkbud802 The guy couldn't do much. He was a dictator trying his best to elevate the society the best he could with what he believed. He did try to push Islam out of the state's decision-making process just to have it back more powerful due to the policies he himself imposed. The irony. The same thing happened in Iran however in a much shorter period of time since it wasn't as successful as what Attaturk managed to do. Removing vale from public office is nice and all when you try to take power from Islamists, but if you go too far; in the next election, or the one after that, you are going to be the bad guy, the one that is imposing his will on others and taking their freedom. If only the people after him had the insight to let Islam take a small part of the political stage instead of giving them the whole country by actively trying to block them. If Iran is of any comparable value, Religious government is not really effective when they get the office and have to actually run the country.

[@Medea86730]

@The Dude Well, evidently it has worked out well considering that Turkey is still far from becoming an islamic republic, Nazi Germany or Soviet Russia whereas the peers of this young republic had already fallen to those vile regimes.

[@astrolonim2032]

Just discovered this channel, but I love it! Thank you for making long-form content like this, exactly what I was looking for (not that your shorter stuff isn't great too)

[@Yarenoglu]

Man, as a Turk who has extensive knowledge of Turkish history even I am learning things from your video. It is really refreshing to see an objective look through the eyes of someone from the outside. It's really hard to find non-biased sources about these things as usually people boast their own political agendas and blame the "opposition". It's also good to see a foreigner try to understand the geopolitics rather than just go by saying "Turk bad" and blame us for everything.

[@OnkoRz]

"Communism in Turkey, as everywhere else in the world, isn't as popular as the communists think it is." damn it kraut, this one was painful lol. Great video! Amazing job!

[@jacksonthesyndicalist2771]

I mean 5% is surprisingly high imo

[@Sentient_Blob]

We don’t talk about the tankies

[@sciencemanguy]

As a Marx sympathizer (not a supporter), I'm sad now. :(

[@ytgammehd5536]

@@sciencemanguy Well, Classical Marxism is pretty much dead, sadly.Marxist-Leninism or as I call it, professional starving has not much to do with what we call communism

[@Treviath]

@@ytgammehd5536 The classic "True communism has never been tried"

[@potemkin8606]

9:44 it wasn't a ban on the call to prayer, it was just to rule that forced imams to read the Turkish version of the call to prayer.

[@SinanPurtas]

Still haram

[@nuiaslou18]

@@SinanPurtas no its not.

[@nooraldeen6327]

@@nuiaslou18 yes it is

[@ugur2444]

@@nooraldeen6327 no its not

[@Palestine4Ever169]

Nuia Slou What ???? U aren’t Muslim thats a fact

[@mbmmhm501]

I can't say enough how much I enjoy long-form historical/political videos such as yours. Thank you!

[@mxbw]

Your videos are of extraordinary quality and I hope you keep them up! Your multi-variable analysis over history and culture is astonishingly excellent.

[@sarasij1477]

Kraut in 2021: 5-hour long video about the entire history of Bhutan and Tibet I can only dream

[@kertchu]

Kraut 2027: 9 hour long video about Sri Lanka

[@nitroon8476]

Can't wait for the history of Sealand video

[@dipdip7250]

Decade long video on the history of Joe

[@apalsnerg]

@@dipdip7250 Are you Joe?

[@dipdip7250]

@@apalsnerg Joe Mama

[@jackjacksen2549]

You pronunciation Nurcular is wrong, the c shouldnt be readed as a k but c Truly the best documentary to date of Turkish history summarized. Like I can't recommend anything better than this

[@Saludin2]

As c? Is that as s? Or as ts/zz?

[@jackjacksen2549]

@@Saludin2 neither of them, try using Google translate's voice function(set it to turkish). I can't really tell it that way

[@AN-qi6ye]

It's pronounced like Nurjular. Nur is the holy light. Nurcu is Nurist. Nurculuk is the state of being Nurist.

[@ardagurbuz6924]

@@Saludin2 Turkish pronounciation of the letter ''c'' is a lot like the English pronounciation of the letter ''g'' , it's not the same but it should give you a general idea.

[@greg7783]

It's simply "j" in English.

[@jaxerman5965]

The political and social video itself is great, but i wanted to mention all the references, visual jokes, editing and of course the fantastic countryballs, that made the experience entertaining and helped to inform even more. Love your work.

[@SunnyInterceptor]

Watched all 3 series. Left with strong impressions with all these 3 series. You did a gigantic work!

[@dogusPiyadeci]

My uncle was imprisoned and tortured like other thousands of people for almost a year during the 1980s coup because he was a communist, they wouldn't even let his family or relatives see him :/ ... He now hates Turkish police with a huge passion, I don't agree with his views but I don't blame him either... Our parents/elders do not like to talk about the 1980 coup. I hope this country doesn't see another coup again

[@kawa-imilliye7317]

Bjrnk that wasn’t real tbh

[@kaiserkhan9832]

this is an absurd/funny statement given the benefits of 1980 coup outweigh the potential destruction by communist/islamist sects. I have seen no coherent argument against 1980 coup whole my life and I'm Turkish. Why would any educated people be against 1980 military coup unless they're carrying waters of foreigners who want to Islamize and destroy the country? There is so much anti military leftists in Turkey, yet no leftists question their own state of education. You don't become educated by reading a book. The content of the book is important as well. Reading 'Dar agacinda uc fidan' and other leftist propaganda doesn't make you any educated. Ask your parents about Marx and Hegel's dialect 'zirva'? How about Mahir Cayan, the leftist, killing Israeli consulate like a gangster? Never accept propaganda from left or right, question if it is rational or not. Now is democracy exists to help Turkey or will Turkey be destroyed in order to stay loyal to democracy? Rational choice is obvious. Kardes senin antimilitarist hikayelerin Turkiye'yi bu noktaya getirdi. Hala ogrenemediniz. Iki solcu kitap okumayla elit veya egitimli olmuyorsun. Medya bin kere demokrasi diye propaganda yapsa da icerigi bossa, dedikleri bir fark etmiyor.

[@cantutmez8854]

@@kaiserkhan9832 You become educated by reading books.Coup of 1980 absoluteyly turned this country into a shithole with extreme privatization and islamism.Now we're suffering coup's effects decades later

[@cantutmez8854]

Ah shit my comment was deleted because it was turkish.Nevermind I can't bother to write once more

[@kaiserkhan9832]

@@cantutmez8854 not really that is libearl propaganda of our american funded press. TSK is bad bs. LOL. They didn't hang enough people that is the problem. What kind of logic brings one to conclusion that coup didn't erase islamist sentiment hence it should have been lighter. LOL . Opposite it should have been more radical.

[@elchungusgrande9635]

Am I really going to wake up at 2AM just to watch this? Heck yea

[@charlescalthrop2535]

Jester 4 AM for me. Who needs sleep anyways?

[@todisbg5864]

8 pm for me

[@hendrikhuysmans8057]

8pm for me

[@yanxiliu6822]

4AM for me It is worth for my time

[@davidangelogutierrez5363]

Eyy, my fellow southeast/east asian gang

[@parallellia1509]

"...Erdoğan spent his life there, selling post cards, abusive father and dreaming of being a football player..." Based

[@theoneandonlydetraebean8286]

Imagine in an alternate universe he would be playing in the nationals or a world cup series

[@zer8000]

I wish his father hadn't taken him away from football

[@trezapoioiuy]

Then decided to follow the path of Menderez, who's actually the one who created his misery. Will he end up the same way?

[@thepowerofsand6180]

I mean he did fulfill his dream of being a football player

[@flochartingham2333]

I've watched the first of this three part series and up to Chapter X (17:11). I am very impressed by how these videos give a definite sense of how Turkey got to the point in history where it is. Turkey would have never been very high on any list I have had of for countries to learn the history of, but I have been completely enjoying learning what I have so far.

[@notatruestatement]

Turkish captions for the series would be great, I would like to show this video to my parents who are really bad at English!

[@pilkpog7952]

i think there is a way u urself can add the captions

[@meltup3668]

@@pilkpog7952 KZbin took down community captioning last month, which is really sad. So now you can't add captions yourself.

[@pilkpog7952]

@@meltup3668 oof

[@cati101]

Yes totally agree. I think all three videos on Turkey should have Turkish subtitels.

[@phucgiang395]

Kraut allows people to download his videos down and add your translations. Go to his discord and notify him

[@kadirburaktandogan9306]

3:00 Atatürk was not left wing in economics he tried to implementa laissez faire economic system in Turkey between 1923-1929 but because of the Great Depression and lack of wealthy Turks that could be capitalists he could not and implemented left wing politics. His party Peoples Republican Party (CHP) was not left wing when he was alive it was a center party. Person whom made CHP left wing was Bülent Ecevit (Speaker who spoke against veiled MP in video 1:21:01 ). 1:10:01 Tansu Çiller and man beside him (Süleyman Demirel) are actually from the same party True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi). Süleyman Demirel became President after Özal's sudden death and left his seat as Prime Minister so Tansu Çiller took his place. She was elected by lobbyism and corruption though so you have summarised very well.

[@mustardjar3216]

16 yaşımda özel bir okula gidiyorum ve bu okul solcu olmasına rağmen kimse bana bunları öğretmedi. öğrettikleri tek şey "erdoğan kötü" şu an sinirliyim.

[@briaormead4239]

@@mustardjar3216 Özel okulların da politik yönleri olduğunu biliyordum ama bu üzücü. :(

[@icefl4re597]

Take it from a fellow Third Worlder: Use it to teach English. Many of younger generation doesn't learn English from the schools, especially with their Prussian education, but from getting a VPN & spending too much time on English-speaking Internet.

[@ayboz097]

Video çevrilmeden yabancı dil ve siyaset bilimi bilen aydınlarla karşılaşmakta efsane bir şey

[@TheValkosuklaa]

Just wondered what do turkish ppl think about this video. Interesting

[@fisher123fisher]

I had little knowledge or interest about Turkey before I chanced on the 1st video. Now I feel passionately for the Turkish people and can't wait to see the next video. It has parallels and lessons for my own country.

[@trivanannakkarage9893]

I love your videos and impressed by how you commended the artists. You are a moral example for everyone 🙏🏼 Love from 🇱🇰

[@MaskofPoesy]

All my life I couldn't trust a source on our own history due to everyone being zealots, I swear, I'll become a patron the second we get out of this economic mess.

[@Dragfos]

The schools only taught about pre-ottoman era ottoman era and the start of the republic after Atatürk's dead they act like nothing happened

[@learningthroughpain.7215]

This is a lie. Information in turkey is pretty available and until 5-8 years ago it was used to be heavily leftist leaning. even now it's still leftist leaning but with more conservative perspective.

[@learningthroughpain.7215]

@@Dragfos No.

[@Dragfos]

​@@learningthroughpain.7215 did I say we weren't allowed to learn history past Atatürk's dead? I said in schools they don't teach about any event that happened after Atatürk's dead just go ask people if they know who was the president after İsmet İnönü majority of them wouldn't know shit since the school doesn't teach us about it and it seems knowing the name of every padishah is more important then learning about the republic

[@learningthroughpain.7215]

@@Dragfos guess you are right. i understood diffrently

[@donovan5656]

The collapse of the liberal/socialist middle east is one of the saddest things losses in modern history imo.

[@zeke2408]

tru.

[@nathanseper8738]

Iran's path was really sad. If the shah hadn't been such a bastard, Iran could've remained secular.

[@eascide]

@Osman Oglu man please just shut up. i know you're just straw manning the middle east to try and put down socialism.

[@SeruraRenge11]

Considering all the shit that happened to political leaders in the muslim world in the 1970s, Nasser got off lucky by just dying of a heart attack.

[@SeruraRenge11]

Regardless of what one thinks about how it was implemented, the fact of the matter is the Islamic world is a shithole now, but 50 years ago it wasn't, and the primary reason behind each is its leaders tried to bring the people kicking and screaming into modernity and failed. But even if it did fail and that part of the world chose to be backwards barbarians instead, it doesn't change that at least for some time, there was hope that those who did not want to be enslaved to their religion had the freedom to do so, something that it seems many in Iran want to have back. People like to hope that there will be an Islamic reformation much like Christianity had but I say dont count on it. What's more likely is peak oil causes these petrol-dependent nations to collapse as they no longer have anything the world wants and will wither away and die, probably preceded by one last desperate attempt to retake Israel.

[@moontiger6393]

Can you please publish a list of sources for your work? It's astonishing work, and I imagine a lot more people would take it seriously if you just added a bibliography to it. It would also go a long way to helping improve the usability of your work to people studying history, and those interested in the topic. Thanks :)

[@sapphyrus]

Mandatory viewing for anyone who wants to comment on today's Turkey and its politics. I have to disagree with that final part though: We had thought it was a good thing to 'liberate' those 'conservative' women. It wasn't. It was merely the ploy of the future oppressor to turn the tables. The concept of 'taqiyya' which is quite simply playing Among Us as an impostor till you get rid of everyone else. This I say to all Westerners: DO NOT tolerate sharia. DO NOT tolerate veils, burkinis and the like. It's a right to oppress, not to liberate. DO NOT fall for it like we did. Once they are in power and consolidate their hold on it, they show their true colors. And they won't be 'uncomfortable' when they oppress you.

[@sam-i-am1060]

Turkish Presidents: *try to establish a dictatorship* Turkish Army: wait a minute, that's illegal!

[@sirgaz8699]

StOp! YoU'vE BrOkEn ThE LaW!

[@garrettledford1147]

@Osman Oglu ? A Turkish president "accidentally" suppresses the media and begins the descent into a reign of terror. The Turkish army kills the fucker, democracy is saved. Why does it matter that Turkish generals aren't democratically elected?

[@garrettledford1147]

@Osman Oglu Reign of terror is the whole mass executions and secret police monitoring everything you think, revolutionary France and the USSR under Stalin were some notable examples. I do agree with you that active suppression of religion is bad, however.

[@garrettledford1147]

@Osman Oglu I'm not sure what you're on about but I was talking about the first military coup as one done right, if you're saying the 1980's coup was an evil virus of satan I agree (please keep in mind I'm not well versed in Turkish politics, I'm seeing this from an outside perspective).

[@sorsocksfake]

@Osman Oglu It's the old question of "who watches the watchers?". Liberalism has always been vulnerable to the rise of tyrants (which is typically what we mean with 'dictators' though your commentary is correct there). And the very means by which we prevent it, also often make it impossible for government to act when we need it to. . Militia or military overthrow of the government is always the last backstop. Liberal societies still have it, they just, hopefully, will never need it. Ultimately every system is backed by power, and Liberalism has locked the ultimate military power behind many doors and seals... but if all get broken, it's still there.

[@danielpereira7905]

This is an incredible video, thank you very much for the great content

[@Kaartenman]

I just started watching some of your videos. I must say they're really well done and give great insights to (geo)political history and present. Keep up the good work!

[@ManOffFace]

As a Turk myself, I really appreciate the dedication and hard work you are putting in these videos. Thank you Kraut. You are the best. A thousand salutes to you. -A Random Turkish Guy

[@kguy6635]

How's Turkey?

[@kayrameydanl9558]

türkiyede benimle birlikte halo oynayan yedi kişiden birisin galiba

[@kayrameydanl9558]

Umut Reyhan doğru ama bunun konuyla nasıl bağlandığını sanırım anlayamadım çünkü gençliğimizin bu şekilde yozlaşmakta olduğu doğru ama bunun neyle ne alakası var şu an?

[@onurardakarakum3240]

İlk videosu çöp niye övüyorsun ki. Atatürk ermeni soykırımı var dedi. Diye anlattı videoda ki tabiki tmamen yalan 3 ay araştırıp insan bir nutuğa bakar. avim.org.tr/Blog/ERMENI-IDDIALARI-KONUSUNDA-ATATURK-NE-DEMISTI

[@onurardakarakum3240]

Another guy debunks kraut first video. m.kzbin.info/www/bejne/mpacioaohdp7r6s

[@g1y3]

Last time i was this early Hagia Sophia was still a museum.

[@briaormead4239]

Hagia Sophia. You gotta edit it again lol

[@g1y3]

@@briaormead4239 thanks

[@briaormead4239]

@@g1y3 Have a good day chief

[@pohenixwielki3178]

Nailed it!

[@harvey_birdman]

Kraut this is your best video thus far!

[@catfishjack8169]

“ look at the growing resentment and growing secular attitude of common Iranians directed against the forced religiosity of their regime “ aged like wine

[@billmarion5796]

I never thought I would be interested in Turkish history. Thank you for proving me wrong!

[@literallyafuckingspoon8801]

every part of history is interesting if searched up enough. This video format just makes it more accessible

[@davitdavid7165]

@@literallyafuckingspoon8801 and the internet volentery and personalised,which makes youtube a better education ground than most education grounds.

[@erkdenizvargez9225]

As a Turk watching someone explain my country and learning new stuff is weird

[@ChamChamRealSmooth]

If you don't live in Turkey anymore or you were born outside of Turkey, that may be why. At least, that's the case for me. It's nice to learn about my cultural background like I was "supposed to".

[@erkdenizvargez9225]

@@ChamChamRealSmooth You're quite lucky. The history they teach in Turkey is weird. They skip parts, give falls information and so on

[@GuardianMehmed]

Türkiye'dekiler kendi görüşleriyle istemedikleri şeyi anlatmadıkları için, böyle dışardan bakan, nesnel şekilde bakan insanların anlatımı daha bilgilendirici olabiliyor.

[@abdullahkaanturker4656]

For detailed infos, only thing that i can say you should read are Uğur Mumcu's books since many problems in 90's made him scapegoat because he was telling truth

[@hisownfool1]

I am halfway through your series on Turkey. It is not the best historical documentary I have watched on KZbin. It is the best such documentary I have watched, full stop. Astounding!

[@nilsstrom244]

Man I sure as hell never thought I'd find Turkey interesting. Amazing video!

[@rhogal8310]

WHY DID YOU HAVE TO SET THIS UP AS A PREMIERE, WHAT AM I SUPPOSED TO DO FOR THE NEXT 7 HOURS?

[@emperortgp2424]

Things that you would've done otherwise if the premier wasn't announced

[@emperortgp2424]

@@jorgeluismanzanarespena4066 Well in my defense there are people legitimately complaining that they'll have to wait a few hours.

[@gamesonico1]

Watch the first one again?

[@britannialibertas4092]

@@jorgeluismanzanarespena4066 OMG LOL REDDIT MOMENT BIG KEANU CHUNGUS REDDIT WHOLESOME 100

[@Fruzhin5483]

Rewatch the first one 4-5 times

[@aydnov5385]

as a turk,this is the best video i've evet watched about the political history of republic of turkey. keep up the good work!!

[@peace5146]

@@lisamanoban2957 he didnt say a bad thing? He just said that hes turkish and he appearacite the video. Why you gotta get agressive like that mate

[@cenanmehmet]

@@peace5146 As in video,there is arabic muslim Turks,fascist,gays,secular muslims and communists,this is an example of gay which one hate own nation or people

[@x_Arone_x]

@@lisamanoban2957 neden böylesin? Acını başkalarından çıkarma zavallı.

[@x_Arone_x]

@@cenanmehmet stop lying just because the person is gay doesnt means they hate their own nation your logic is stupid

[@dankahraman354]

Outstanding! I watched part one this afternoon.

[@seyitaliemirongur65]

You are much more knowledgeable about Turkish political history than the average Turk and you are very talented at telling events. Keep it up. Respects to Kraut.

[@lautaromoyano5692]

Am I the only one who feels Turkey's history too familiar? I'm from Argentina and if you change some names and dates you can read almost the same situation. If anyone from any other place felt the same please tell me, I'm really courious about it

[@irrototiam]

The part where right wing party takes control because the poor religious folks elect them, and then the party favours opening of the economy and makes rich people even richer, while the poor who elected him get unenmployed. Oh and then the right wing party attacks journalists and start doing propaganda about the govt. Thats Brazil right now

[@osmankbo4583]

As a Turkish, yeah ive been feeling relatable too

[@cingilbort]

Yup, Argenita and Turkey definitely shared very similar fates. Socialist witchhunts and US funded paramilitary fascism plagued the developing world in 70s.

[@chaoky]

same, from Brazil

[@nemesis962074]

As a Mexican I felt very similar, although we didn’t have any violent coups in the 20th century, a lot of similar movements and political maneuvers that were done in Turkey seem oddly familiar

[@a11u45]

Holy crap Kraut, 2 of 3 parts, damn, I wonder how long this and the next one will be? Not complaining, I love the long videos.

[@tuckertooley174]

it will be like the half-life episodes

[@philipscott4456]

Amazing... I've read a bit about Turkey and formed an opinion and after this work it has changed your analysis is profound.

[@canbakr5602]

Amazing work! Thank you!

[@dunnowy123]

The way you seamlessly weave political science, economics, sociology, cultural studies, various strands of story, the stories of individuals and ideas, the context of regions and the world and manage to make it unbelievably entertaining is INCREDIBLE When I get disillusioned with KZbin, I watch videos like this and remind myself how nothing like this could be made on television. This is so awesome, man.

[@Giganfan2k1]

Fucking This!

[@kehana2908]

this so much

[@anon2427]

We wary of his extreme bias too

[@jonnyj.]

@@anon2427 Um... what the fuck? What "extreme bias." Care to explain? What was biased in this video? He is literally the MOST UNBIASED person to ever cover this topic...

[@Jacob-lv6zy]

Great! GREAT video. To add a little geeky observation. I find it more and more a possibility that the warhammer 40k universe took more than a little inspiration from the history of turkey when constructing its lore. Mustafa Khemal Atatürk seems like a sci-fi version of the Emperor of Mankind. Also his legacy would ultimately be undermined by authoritarian force that more and more serves an idea rather than its people, just like the Adeptus Astartes and the ”inquisition” could be seen as an allegory for Turkeys army. Really looking forward for the next part! LOVE your work man

[@yigitalguney235]

Dude it’s fucking sick that you could make that connection this comment gets a like from me

[@enescankondo3210]

Now I wanna play warhammer 40k, damn.

[@achannelname5122]

The Emperor was also from Anatolia

[@Medea86730]

Good observation lol

[@xarephonic]

That is so true. In fact Atatürk has been quoted something along the lines of "Science is the ultimate virtue in the world. Choose science over my words if they are ever in conflict" just as the emperor wanted to make humanity back into a scientifically literate civilization. But we all know the people created a cult of personality instead just as the people of Turkey did. Even to this day there are people wishing for Atatürk to resurrect and save the country

[@haidouk872]

I had been wondering for some time now how Turkey went from the enlightenment of Atatürk to the unfortunate path it is on today. And this video did, I believe, a really good job at explaining the complexity of Turkey political life and demographics, and how it led to today's conservative dominance (although I still have next episode to go). I even learned about the Arabic socialist Era, which I really didn't know about, and I am grateful for all that knowledge. Despite the "cartoon" vibe of the countryballs illustration, this is extremely high quality and serious content. I hope this video will be viewed by more people, especially us Europeans, but also Turkish people, who might have a distorted view of their modern history (I don't know at all how it is taught in current Turkish education). In any case, my best thoughts to the creator of this video, and to Turkish people :)

[@subutaynoyan5372]

It's way more neuanced than that and he has some errors and misinformation in the video, but he's done a fantastic job. He confuses Alevis of Turkey - which is a sect you'd see only in Turkey - with alawites of Northern Mesopotamia. Alevis don't worship Ali. Hell, I don't think at its core, it's not even worshipping anything it's just a mixture of ancient Turkic shamanism mixed with Indo-Persian mysticism and a loose understanding of Islam. He claims they took the wine from Christians which is nothing but a pathetic misconception, Alevis drink because drinking is common for Turkish folk. It was the best activity of nomadic Turks when they were not raiding, migrating or fighting eachother. Most alevis follow the ancient tradition of ''toy'', something that was present in early Ottoman court as well, but was forsaken when the empire was more and more islamic and grand. A toy is just a gathering where people ate and drank from the table of their chieftain. Alevis have something called ''Jem'' which means ''uniting'' in Arabic. Where they gather(usually the entire village), do some prayers, listen to some of the old poems of Anatolian bards in their old form, practice some forms of prayers in conventional Islam, then usually they eat a sacrificed animal with some rice and all. They also have a tradition of gathering at the house of dede(it's like a priest of the village, but unlike a priest, he's just regarded as guide for the folk, doesn't have a real authority over them) and having a modest feast, with alcohol included which they call dem(the words means ''moment'' in Persian I think. The idea is that you reach to a higher, more relaxed state and you speak your heart more freely when intoxicated) and again, recite old poems, speak of faith and traditions, and also general matters too. Although most alevis are as bigots of religious Islamists, and they really are just a bunch of ignorant Anatolian villagers at their core, because of the more traditional Turkic approach, these people are usually quite down to the earth, they don't cause religious tension, they seldom cause big problems over identity and they really are easy to get along with. And more so, most of the current Turks were dominated by such faiths, alevis were a byproducts of assimilation of Turks to the Islam, and unlike most people tend to think, Islamisation of the Turks was a very slow burn. Even in 16th century, you could fine a ton of werid shamanistic, sufistic practices of faith, extremely critical literature that makes you wonder how these people had the courage to speak such things in an Islamic empire and all. The true Islamisation of Anatolia began in 16th century, with a sheikhul Islam of Ottoman empire, called Ebusuud who reformed the ancient Code of House of Osman and with him, traditional Islamic fikh, entered into the empire more and more, because the more Ottomans needed to secure control, the more they started to put religious pressure to the public because non-sunni, more traditional Turks had one problem with the empire, they were rebellious, tended to raise up arms and because these Turkish tribes tended to have a lot of horses, and arrows and all, they could storm the land in a matter of months and disrupt autority of the state severely. That is why, at its core, Turkish muslims, even if they're strict sunni, are not that problematic like African or Arabic ones. They have an affinity to live with other religions, even if they resent them, they can co-exist. But it also have a downside, if someone agitates it too much, it can create a ton of chaos, especially if the agitated folk are some bigot islamists who actually want to destroy everybody other than themselves.

[@subutaynoyan5372]

He mentions Turks in Germany put lanterns on graves. They took it from chritians, yes. But the reason is adorning a grave is in Turkish tradition. Most of the traditional Anatolian Turkic approach to religious matters have nomadism at its roots and nomadism doesn't really differentiates a christian thing than a muslim one. If they like it, they'll use it and if someone opposes it with using an idol, or a heretic symbol(arabs tend to do that a lot), they'll just go ''It's just a lantern, what the fuck you're even about?''

[@kimmogensen4888]

Secularism is not about destroying religion, just removing it’s influence in politics and institutions, power corrupts everything, and religion is not immune, if you really are religious, and you don’t want your faith corrupted, advocate for secularism.

[@AlephN]

I'm Turkish and I learned more about my own country's modern history in this video than I did in all of high school. Thank you. Can't wait for part three.

[@AlephN]

@Ulimi Ulabi Currently the next election is scheduled for 2023, for which he will run. He's here for a while yet.

[@byron-ih2ge]

@@AlephN will attaturk's turkey return?or die forever!!

[@Mr.the.spectator]

Same his video on Indian subcontinent I found was one the best of it's genre. It was something new. Well, I'm here though just to say this to you,"I cannot express how fortunate you turks are that you had a person like ataturk. As an Indian I'd trade every conservative leader like yours and ours incumbent heads of state for a person like ataturk in a heartbeat."

[@inflames433]

@@byron-ih2ge there is a guy called mansur yavaş and he is a guy believes ataturks ideas i hope he will win the election

[@kabodra]

@@byron-ih2ge To be honest, no. Ataturk's Turkey is gone. Pandora's box has been opened long ago. There is no party (or known politician) who would implement the bans on religion which Ataturk did in his time. Silencing the mosques is no more possible. Economy will never be as statist as it was during Ataturk's time. There can be centre-left parties who might be in favor of higher taxes, but substituting a private firm-driven economy to a state-driven economy will no longer be possible. A person who says "I am Kemalist" at most means that he will not put high fees on alcohol. When you look at the main opposition figure today - Ekrem Imamoğlu (which to be honest, I also support), you will see things about him that are not fully alligned with the ideas of Ataturk, yet he still calls himself a Kemalist

[@serhansahin2155]

The return of the king

[@herhangibiri310]

You literally teaching my country's history better than my country. I appreciate that.

[@dezzy6028]

These videos are amazing. Thank you!

[@pedramhashemi5019]

36:37 this video of jamal abdel nasser talking about scarf is very famous among iranian people. he mocks mandatory hijab and people laugh at that idea. but after 1979 iran revolution hijab is a daily nightmare for iranian women. it's so sarcastic

[@Real-Ruby-Red]

I think you maybe meant ironic not sarcastic, sarcasm is saying something without meaning what you are saying. Is this correct? I'm just trying to educate you as maybe English is not your first language, I'm not trying to make you feel stupid :p

[@primeroyal7434]

These things should be voluntary. In places like France, where hijab is banned, Muslim Women protest against the government since it prohibits them from their right to practise religion. But In Iran, women call on lifting hijab law as they see this as a way to silence them from equal rights. In Turkey, Ataturk was so radically secular that he effectively wiped out signs of Islam in Turkish culture and politics. This made people angry. But now, after the return of Islamic rule, people call on bringing back secular values. Really weird if you think about it.

[@terawatt1]

@@primeroyal7434 Well, people don't like being forced, whether it is to do sth or not to do sth (in this case wearing a crazy looking piece of headdress) - so I wouldn't say it is weird at all...

[@primeroyal7434]

@@terawatt1 Hijab is mandated by Islam to protect women from unrelated dirty men and their greed. But the thing is, I don't care whatever you do as long as I am a victim or someone else is. I go to my path to Heaven/Hell and you should too. When you bring this view, all of a sudden state-led mandates no longer works. I am a Muslim, but I don't like state interfering people's life, because what I do is purely between Allah and me. I will suffer from my sin and reap my fruit of virtue. You can be inspired by my virtue or be aware of what sin I do, no problem. But you should not intervene on my life, cause you don't have the proper right to do so.

[@terawatt1]

I don't see how that contradicts me in any way - you're just rambling on about your personal beliefs... my point stands: whether state legislation forces you to something or bans it (like a certain piece of cloth), remains the same in terms of personal freedom: it restricts it - and there is absolutely nothing weird about protesting such a crackdown on personal freedom if there's no objective reason to back that legislation up.

[@ikik1648]

47:03 - getting divorced from your wife by the state is the most creative punishment I’ve heard

[@Lina_92_]

This was amazing...i love your videos so much!

[@youtubearsivi9223]

I was one of the Turks who thought all coups were on muslims etc. Now after years first time I see stuff in a different perspective. It is true that always foreigners know our country's politics better than us. This is sadly haven't changed yet and tanks for the effort you put into making this documentary. I watched with goosebumps seeing my life throught it.

[@bonjo3646]

İ loved your video but you never mentioned about Bülent Ecevit or Süleyman Demirel in your video.They dominated Turkish politics between 70s to 90s.Ecevit and Demirel was the main figures when Cyprus Operation happened.After coup in 80's,they were not allowed to be poltician until 90's. After operation Turkey faced big sanctions.This crippled Turkish ecomony.People couldn't found gas,oil and flour sometimes.Even in 2020 Erdoğan still using this aganist Chp(Ecevit's party when operation happened). Madımak massacre.Darkest event in Turkey's history.Extereme İslamists burned a hotel in Sivas where intellectual s staying.They were for a symposium.They were anti İslamist.35 people died.

[@kagtkalem7115]

90'lar derin devlet olaylarını da çok yüzeysel anlattı

[@xd-pi7pn]

Chp değil bu arada

[@xd-pi7pn]

Belirtilen yıllarda dspde idi

[@Sezercl]

1980 darbesinden günümüze kadar olaylar o kadar derin bir hâl alıyor ki burada yaşamayan birinin anlaması mümkün değil :)

[@anx7223]

islamist tayfayı çok tatlı göstermeye çalışmış. Sonda lgbt haklarından bahsederken de gümledim.

[@jazdigance6403]

24:49 you refer to Turko-Greek tension like it's past tense but I was on a trip to Athens last year and our tour guide, no longer a historian/scholar due to the recession, spoke of Turkey like Anatolia could let out a berserker screech at any moment and go for Ottoman Empire Electric Boogaloo. He also saw the use of Greek ports by NATO (if I recall correctly, placed there to counter Russia's use of ports in Syria) as their sort of "presence shield" against a possible Turkish invasion. I'm sure not all Greeks, but at least some are still quite paranoid/scared about the past. The tour guide also had a funny habit of referring to Ottoman expansion as brutal conquests and 500 year occupations, but saw the brief Macedonian Greek empire as some sort of marvellous accomplishment; he deified Alexander the Great while demonising Mehmed. The incongruity struck me as odd because I feel like anyone who learns enough about history and its geopolitics should realise no country or state is so great that it's immune to criticism, and be less biased/patriotic. I hope these limited insights help you in some way.

[@JenxRodwell]

I suspect nobody has bothered to point out to that tour guide that Turkey is, in fact, also a member of NATO.....and actually joined NATO at the exact same time as Greece did. But then again, reality has never quite stopped the Greeks, so why would it now?

[@ramazanduran4690]

Some greeks are obsessed with Turkish threat. but i dont blame them, it starts with their education system, media, populist politicians and the list goes.. but what suprised me was they are trying to insult us by calling us mongols, using a name of a race to insult another race. this must be combo of racist hatred.

[@jazdigance6403]

@@ramazanduran4690 and you also don't associate with mongols because you're taught that the first Turks in the Caucasus were fleeing from atrocities of the empire, right? So it would be like calling Greeks Turkish, or calling Mongolians Russian, or calling Mongolians Chinese? I'm sorry they do that

[@ihonestlydontknow9968]

@@jazdigance6403 some greeks are overly obsessed with the "turkish threat" that it's somehow becoming a way to excuse themselves of their shortcomings as a state. They will tell you that they aren't the leaders of europe because ottomans held them back and turkey attacked them on cyprus yada yada, but as far as i know south korea, a country formed in 1948 managed to be amongst biggest economies and armies in the world. They did all that in only 68 years while greece has been established 199 years ago. They are also constantly paranoid of turkey attacking them but never hold themselves back from provocating their neighbours, setting their maximum limits in everything but never compensating, never dicussing. This goes for Turkey as well. Both aren't open to any discussions in any topic, such as the recent EEZ crisis. I think this is a way for populist politicans to scaremonger people into supporting them. While greek politicans say that turks are coming to occupy greece back again and that they are blood thirsty mongols, turkish politicans say that greeks are weaponizing the islands that are 10 minutes from turkish mainland by boat, claiming the whole of a sea which turkey borders, and posing a threat for turkey like when they invaded smyrna or tried to unify cyprus. So there is a mutual distrust which causes them to keep on doing what they are doing like a loop

[@ihonestlydontknow9968]

@Nikos hr no one is going to attack you. Come back to the reality delusional shitbag

[@khalidalali186]

Very well done! Thank you Fritz!

[@haziqali9716]

Without fail, every single video you have produced has managed to teach me something new. You speak like a poet and teach like a professor. Your videos are all incredible. Thank you, never stop.

[@MehmetArdaGunduz]

There are some missing points. Cyprus needed more details, Kurdish problem, too. The reason for 1960 coup is wrong. It was not Cemal Gürsel but a group of colonels who started it. They somehow make Cemal Gürsel lead it after they started it. The reason behind it was the over aggressive actions from DP. Also there were two coup attempts in 60s which was small and well unsuccesful. I would like to see more İsmet İnönü and Bülent Ecevit (the guy who spoke at the assembly at the end of the video regarding hicab wearing MP) Nevertheless great work! Thanks for making something like this. Can't wait to see part 3!

[@Bjjbhcoa86]

He tries to approach things the neutral way perhaps, but I definitely do not appreciate the painting all the coups with a broad brush in terms of the reasons and ideologies and the forces behind them. He says the coups were as a result of the army protecting the ideals of Atatürk. This can only be said about the coup of 60. The hanging of Menderes was wrong but the things Menderes did were far worse than what he included in the video. Menderes planted the seed of American imperialism. This seed was watered by almost every government that followed him, including Kenan Evren when he seized power with the coup of 80. That coup had the US behind it and it was a war waged against communism and the way of US getting to the army and politics of Turkey more directly. Özal watered the seed very well (also Çiller) and he got it to blossom. Çiller's internal terrorism was also backed by the US. Now, for 20 years Erdoğan has been harvesting the fruits. 71 was a play that resulted in favour of Demirel. He is immeasurably important in the country's history. 80 destroyed the ideals of Atatürk completely while preaching Kemalism. He also says that Turkey followed the ideals of Atatürk for 70 years. He almost never talks about the hangings of the university student during 70s and 80s. The Kurdish-Turkish struggle is not only on Syria. These things are known facts, you can never talk about this republic's history without mentioning the involvement of the US and her working with domestic powers. Gülen's influence should be established better. The US backed right wing for her own gain for decades now, since Menderes. The lack of Ecevit is telling. I really don't like putting the video of Merve Kavakçı being shouted at at the parliament and painting Ecevit as the bad guy while she is a shady character at best. Also Kavakçı family became really rich. This video tells the viewer that the right wing in Turkey has been strifing for religious independence while omitting the US involvement behind doors and also while omitting the fact that that group became the most elitist and richest of them all while blaming CHP voters for being elitist towards the poor and uneducated. I definitely appreciate the effort he put up for this video, but it is surely lacking. I can't figure out his real positioning. I can write for so much about this because I find it really unfair. I am not a Kemalist by the way. I respect and love him but I will never believe that he ever wanted a doctrine named after him that became a bogeyman to the very people he sacrificed his life for. He was idealist and I believe in his ideals.

[@F0rever.B0red]

Ive been interested into Turkish history so I can't wait

[@briaormead4239]

Why Turkish history?

[@ScoromX25]

TURKİC MONGOL KİLL GREEK he says turkish history. Not turkic. There is a diffrence.

[@ldarda6]

@@ScoromX25 There is no difference between Turkish and Turkic, we don't even have seperate words for it.

[@jeanjasmine]

@@ldarda6 sorry there is a HUGE difference between Turkish and Turkic, just like there is vast difference between today's Greece and Ancient Greece, or German Empire and today's Germany, we are talking about history here. The fact that we don't have a seperate Turkish word for it is due to our culture, since language reflects culture, just like how Arabs have 100 different words for Camel. Culture and history are 2 separate issues.

[@ldarda6]

​@@jeanjasmine cool but I think you don't understand what I mean here. If you mean by difference that we are not exactly like Gokturks both culturally and linguistically, yes of course or if we wastly differ from the Turks currently living in Central Asia - that's correct as well. But that can be applied everywhere right, people from Western Anatolia today have immense differences namely cutrurally from the people from let's say eastern Anatolia. What I was trying to say is that we see our history a continuation from Xiongnu to Gokturks to Selcuk's to Ottomans and now the modern day Turkey as one. So for us, Turkish Turks (even sounds wierd) and the people living in let's say today's Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan and Uygur's are all called Turks. So let me rephrase that WE DON'T see a difference so for us there are no difference between Turkish and Turkic. (Note: I can not speak on the others behalf through)

[@Ahmad-ok7xs]

This is a great piece Sir!!

[@Kereka]

Sehr sehr sehr sehr sehr gutes Video, endlich gibt es eine kompakte und doch ausführliche Zusammenfassung der türkischen Historie. Danke Herr Kraut

[@MorphingReality]

That quote from Neubert about the concentration of power (from class to party to leadership) is nearly identical to what Luxemburg wrote to Lenin, I think it was around the time political parties were banned.

[@nicolasd140]

Luxemburgism is the way of the future for leftism. "There is no democracy without socialism, and no socialism without democracy." -Rosa Luxemburg

[@DeHerg]

@@nicolasd140 "There is no democracy without socialism" press X to doubt

[@nicolasd140]

@DeHerg Can workers decide democratically on the issues of their workplace? Can they vote on their hours, or get a say in the distribution of money amongst their coworkers? No. For a large number of people, most of their waking hours are spent at work, a decidedly undemocratic environment. What decisions their employer makes affects them way more than practically any decision their democratic government could make. If they can't participate in the decision making process that affects them the most, we can't truly call ourselves democratic. Also capitalist interests constantly undermine the democratic processes of our governments by exerting disproportionately influential power through lobbying, bribery and donations.

[@Donnerbalken28]

@@nicolasd140 As a fellow leftist, i see many problems with Luxemburg, namely that she never specified under which circumstances socialist political parties should seize power in a, what the analytical leftists especially from Germany call, the bourgeois state and that she outright refused the notion that the Bourgeois state could be used to the underclasses advantage. There is a lot of contention among the members of my party, which Neuberg was one of its most prominent intellectuals of, if we should enter a coalition with the Social Democrats and the Greens in Elections on the federal level (cooperation between the three parties was eventually realized in three state elections in Thuringia, Berlin and Bremen) or not, as many of the party fundamentalists see this as a betrayal of (in my opinion, outdated) socialist values. It also highlights the problem that in my opinion that the structural crisis socialist and social democratic parties world wide , to extent even the broader left spectrum in America and eastern europe, stems largely from an inability to move on from the Cold War, the economic crisis of Keynesian economics (which in turn was partly responsilble for what KRaut called the conservative counter revolution of the 1980s, particularly in Germany and the UK) and the failure of the Soviet Union. Of course there is, unlike Thatcher and the likes claimed, indeed an alternative, but the tendency of the left towards fundamentalism and its fetish for social theoreticians of many colors, stops it from formulating a believeable political alternative to the Conservative and Green neoliberals. I hold the strong opinion that a new, more pragmatic left needs to seize power through elections. My number two polical theoretician (after Marx, of course) is Eduard Bernstein, one of the theoretical fathers of modern Social Democracy. I recommend reading him. The Left needs to seize power, and it needs to do quickly, or else the conservatives and reactionaries end up running the western world into the ground or selling it out to China.

[@nicolasd140]

Magic Medic, I've gotta say, I pretty much agree with you, leftists need to use electorialism to build up their base of support, radicalize liberals, and organize direct action. While I believe it is true that socialism can never be achieved through bourgeois democracy, that doesn't mean that electorialism is useless as a successful electorialist movement can be converted into an insurrectionairy movement when the bourgeois democracy eventually destroys the legitimacy of their government by undermining the will of the people in order to preserve capital.

[@chickenindabox3169]

This is an excellent video, just like the first one. The only difference is that as a Turk living in Germany, I still knew a lot about our history that you've mentioned in the previous video. However, in this Video, I gained a lot more insight into the development of Turkish politics in the 20th century, something I was not familiar with at all. I always wanted to learn more about it, but since there are so many aspects that influenced the political landscape in Turkey, for me it all seemed as an incomprehensible clusterfuck. I want to thank you for all the effort that went into the production of these videos, for your unbiased presentation of the facts and for giving insight into that era of Turkish history I would've never been able to fully understand otherwise!

[@selehadinhabesi3855]

i wouldnt say it is unbiased as a Muslim i sense some liberal/self rightous liberal undertones but he did his best and i respect the effort

[@BaconTermiteReal]

This is incredibly educational about a country i barely ever thought about.

[@omerpasa3328]

I can only give my thanks for all of you. This the best series about us. :)

[@potemkin8606]

29:18 Alawite is the name used for Arabic Alevis, Turkish and Kurdish Alevis are called Alevis.

[@cybersamra]

Alawites and Alevis are two very different and distinct groups.

[@kayacenk4164]

Alawite people going to mosque but in Turkey we are ( Alevi ) people not going to mosque or we not read quran but we believe Allah and same prophet . we have around 15-20 million population in Turkey. and Turkish Alevi people more pure Turkish people than mixed sunni Turkish people. bcuz u can be sunni muslim if u want but for become alevi you need to born in a alevi family. also Turkish alevi people not married with sunni turkish ppl. thats why im saying Alevi people pure Turkish people. alevi people are Turkmen. and come to anatolia at 1071 with Selcuq empire since then staying same places.we have have more population but most of them forced to be sunni or goverment build mosques to their villages and offer them better things like electric, telephone, and better road etc.etc. so there so many alevi people who is dont know they are normaly alevi. but too easy for me find them when see their faces. its uniq skill :) alevi people can understand too easy who is alevi or not.

[@user-sx1mm1sl6u]

Alawites are one thing, Alevis are others, Kraut mixed up both groups in the video

[@talhakaraman1259]

@@kayacenk4164 nonsense propaganda. There is no such thing as pure turkish and being alevi has nothing to do with race your race does not determine your religious beliefs

[@kayacenk4164]

Turkmen alevi people most pure Turkish people and u know it. you cant change the truth with ignore them. even our villages at highlands bcuz of run from massacre of ottoman empire. thats why we are more pure and we never married with sunni people. you must be young guy who is dont know anoything about Turkey history. 40.000 Turkmen alevi killed in anatolia by Yavuz sultan selim. if they still alive we must have more people than sunni people. which one mostly converted from rum, armanians and arabs.