Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels: Spherical Vessel Stress; Axial and Hoop Stresses in Cylindrical Tanks

[@beefncheese2]

Of all the years of undergrad and grad school I went through, you are the first to teach on graph paper and actually take care in drawing your diagrams to clearly show exactly what you are talking about. I applaud you.

[@saurabhbedre7200]

Thankyou very much,Professor. To everyone reading this,I request you to watch this whole video.This explanation is the best I've seen.

[@TheBomPE]

I'm very glad that you found this video useful! Thanks for watching!

[@kenneth_mirez]

i love how relaxed your voice is when explaining a very tough subject. wished all professors are like you

[@emmanuelpillai2410]

Thank you very much professor. Very clear explanation and easy to understand. Truly helped me a lot. Please continue to make videos like these.

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad it helped! Thanks for watching!

[@abassdumbie]

Thank you Pro. That's fantastic. Your lecture really gave me a solid foundation. ❤

[@akshaykr3813]

Awesome lecturing. I wish I had this guy as my tutor in my Uni.

[@TheBomPE]

Glad you enjoyed it! All the best to you!

[@Marco-te8to]

This video is really a treasure. Thank you very much :)

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad you liked it! Thanks for watching!

[@luismalafatti6468]

Very very good and clear explanation, i'm from Brazil and it helped me a lot. Thank you

[@kashishpannu2128]

Thankyou sir ,you explained me better than my professor

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad I could help! Thanks for watching!

[@sathidas7534]

Thank you very much professor,,,l am from India and lots of respect from Sathi🙏

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad you liked it! Thanks for watching over there in India!

[@SdMotion]

AMazingly explained, can we use the same calculation technique for vertical HDPE water tanks?

[@cgrn181]

Thank you for clear explanations :)

[@TheBomPE]

Glad you liked the video! Thanks for watching!

[@ngonidzashekimbini7177]

Amazing lecture....thank you

[@matiasnicolassainz4510]

Amazing. This video si perfect!

[@GersonHM4]

Thank you very much for this information, I am a chemical engineer and I work with a pressurized shell, in my case I am analyzing the failure of a very small spherical particle, my question is, for my case, the pressure is increasing due to a chemical reaction that is forming gas inside the container, so I have two phases inside the sphere, liquid and gas, (8:48) how can I change the sum of the forces with a pressure that changes with depth?

[@TheBomPE]

How much pressure is added due to the depth of liquid vs the gas pressure? In many cases the pressure due to liquid depth is pretty small relative to the gas pressure. It may be a relatively negligible effect.

[@GersonHM4]

​@@TheBomPE The difference between the two is around 1.32 atm, by the way, do you have any books that you recommend on this topic?

[@TheBomPE]

@@GersonHM4 what is the max overall pressure? Most mechanics of materials texts cover the topic of pressure vessels...I don't really have a particular one in mind that I think does it best or anything.

[@abraxaskabrakas6098]

I will like to ask does this method work. when the atmospheric pressure is greater than the internal pressure

[@TheBomPE]

Yes, but the stresses will be compressive rather than tensile. Because of that, there will be a tendency to buckle that is not a concern in the case of internal pressure. Thanks for watching!

[@abraxaskabrakas6098]

@@TheBomPE thank you for your answer. what will I need to look for to find more info about pressure vessels under compression. I only seem to find the opposite

[@Aleeeeyas]

Thank you, really good and clear explainations.

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad it helped! Thanks for watching!

[@tcthetford]

I do believe I could sales that class to over 100,000 manufacturing doers or purchaser. CHINA for got to steel the educational reasoning for construction of Cylindrical Tanks. I been purchasing Cylindrical Tanks and selling them without understand stress failures. Thank You for a million dollar education on CTs

[@TheBomPE]

Saying that kind of thing might make me regret posting it on KZbin for free. (Ha ha). I'm glad you liked it, thanks for watching!

[@שמעוןטמסות]

Thanks it was very helpful

[@jamesward2141]

Great explanation. Why do many standards and online sources define hoop stress as PD/2t where D is the mean diameter? Where in your example, the radius (or diameter) is related to the area over which the pressure is applied and therefore should always be the internal dimension. I assume this has been done for conservatism, what are your thoughts? Thanks.

[@TheBomPE]

My first reaction is to have the feel that it will not generally have a very heavy effect on one's results regardless of which of these two diameters is used. This is more and more true as the wall thickness goes smaller. You are right, using the mean diameter instead of the inner diameter predicts slightly higher stresses, so that would be more conservative. Maybe it is easier to remember as well. In any case, for most practical applications it probably doesn't matter very much which way you do it.

[@coolasad2k]

So go an interesting question. if a pressure vessel is filled with a gas (lets say oxygen) under compression so that half the tank is filled with liquid oxygen and the rest is filled with gasious oxygen. is the pressure at the top of the tank the same as the pressure at the bottom? does the liquid oxygen add more pressure at the bottom since there is a column of liquid over it? does the gaseous oxygen in the tank less, more or same pressure as the liquid oxygen?

[@bryceatchley8163]

Great Video. Thank you.

[@TheBomPE]

I'm glad you enjoyed it! Here are some of my other playlists in case you haven't seen them yet and might be interested: ENGR122 (Statics & Engr Econ Intros): kzbin.info/aero/PL1IHA35xY5H52IKu6TVfFW-BDqAt_aZyg ENGR220 (Statics & Mech of Mat): kzbin.info/aero/PL1IHA35xY5H5sjfjibqn_XFFxk3-pFiaX MEMT203 (Dynamics): kzbin.info/aero/PL1IHA35xY5H6G64khh8fcNkjVJDGMqrHo MEEN361 (Adv. Mech of Mat): kzbin.info/aero/PL1IHA35xY5H5AJpRrM2lkF7Qu2WnbQLvS MEEN462 (Machine Design): kzbin.info/aero/PL1IHA35xY5H5KqySx6n09jaJLUukbvJvB (MEEN 361 & 462 are taught from Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design) Thanks for watching!

[@david_jn24]

how to design the pressure vessel the given value is only ; hoop stress=145Mpa and internal pressure =20Mpa; how to find thickness and diameter of sphere answer please

[@azeez6081]

sir are we need to apply static and fatigue failure theory while designing pressure vessels or this formula is enough.

[@janakamohotti]

This lecture is so great. is there a lecture for thick-walled pressure vessels too?

[@TheBomPE]

Not in this style (i.e. a derivation). I do have a couple of examples where I use thick-wall equations: kzbin.info/www/bejne/i5WThYaioq6Fg8k kzbin.info/www/bejne/sIeYpIF9ac2We5Y I'll keep thick-wall vessels in mind for a new lecture topic.

[@blastedoff8696]

Really good tutorial, was a buit hard to follow as i had to constantly flip to SI units but great explanation either way !

[@teengleong9157]

Wow! I really like your style of teaching. Clear and engaging. One question: Looking at the hoop equation, is it true that a cylinder with a smaller diameter can withstand more pressure than a larger diameter one given the same thickness?

[@TheBomPE]

Thank you! I'm glad you like my lectures! Yes, smaller diameter vessels can carry more internal pressure if they are made from material with the same properties and same thickness as larger diameter vessels.

[@despinoladasilva]

Is there a way to calculate the stress of a pressure vessel with a crack manually without using software like Abaqus CAE or Ansys Workbench? Or manually is only possible for undeformed metal structure?

[@harisrabpod]

I can imagine you making a comprehensive series on Rocket Design...

[@sianourani1042]

such a great lecturer! thank you. I was wondering if you can tell what if r=2t do we still need to calculate the hoop stress? specially in metal forming?

[@blackz06]

How much stronger is a cylinder than a cuboid as a pressure vessel? Given the same area and wall thickness...

[@elsadigahmed8886]

Thanks indeed

[@AceNinja2112]

Hello! Recently the company I work for as an engineer had a little boo boo! ;( I was wondering, how thick should a stainless-steel cylinder wall be to survive to a salt-water depth of 12,500 feet (which corresponds to an external pressure of 5577 PSI)?

[@danr7748]

How thick (mm) walls do I need for a sphere of 50cm.radius to keep a pressure of 500bar? *Cold Rolled Steel

[@superbin6021]

thank you very much sir

[@TheBomPE]

So glad it was helpful! Thanks for watching!

[@alehejazi92]

I read many times in different articles about meridian and circumferential stresses, so what are these ? Thanks

[@TheBomPE]

This lecture covered two special-case shells (spheres and cylinders) that are particularly easy to analyze because of high amounts of symmetry. In less symmetric cases, circumferential stress is very similar to what I called hoop stress in this lecture, while meridional stress would be somewhat similar to axial stress, but less similar than circumferential stress relative to hoop stress, in my estimation. It would be very difficult to explain it here without a diagram, so I will send you to this link to help explain these direction orientations in more general cases of shells. www-mdp.eng.cam.ac.uk/web/library/enginfo/textbooks_dvd_only/DAN/pressVessels/shells/shells.html

[@vioriegerrid9864]

Hi Sir, I'm just curious, if I have a tank without longitudinal joints, does the hoop stress still relatable as a parameter to design the shell thickness? Or I can just consider the longitudinal stress to design the tank thickness? Hope you can share your thoughts.. Thanks

[@TheBomPE]

Since hoop stress is about double longitudinal stress in a cylindrical vessel, it's probably always important to include it in your design considerations.

[@SarjanaTeknikKimia]

why the formula for the area of longitudinal stress 2*pi*ri*t it must be pi*t*(ri+ro)

[@bizconsmartmatlconsume3388]

if possible please teaching thick wall vessel as well

[@TheBomPE]

Here are a couple of videos that involve thick-walled members with internal pressure: kzbin.info/www/bejne/sIeYpIF9ac2We5Y kzbin.info/www/bejne/i5WThYaioq6Fg8k I don't currently have one where I go through the derivations for thick walled vessels, but I will keep it in mind for a future lecture. Thanks for watching!

[@engineerboy4895]

sir i am very happy to get idea about stress throuh cutting plane ttanks sir i am from india

[@TheBomPE]

Greetings there in India! Thanks for watching!

[@vincentpieterse1694]

Why pay for university fees when we have this hero? Professors should become like phone apps that get paid according to ratings, views, communication skills etc. Down with universities and up with great professors and education.

[@TheBomPE]

I am no hero...[looks off into the distance] ha ha. I understand your point, and while I'm sympathetic to that view, an inconvenient fact remains. Currently it is university fees, not KZbin revenues, that feed my family. KZbin revenues aren't even close to what they would need to be at this time. But like you, I also think a day may be coming when education may go smaller, and university waste may get punished in the market. We'll see! Thanks for watching!

[@vincentpieterse1694]

@@TheBomPE I fully respect that. I Wish to be a professor myself one day. My main wish is that those who teach with distinction and invest in the students should reap the rewards of their work...I would pay double my current fees for a lecturer like you... I hope the future brings a system that rewards professors like you, and excludes those who abuse the system...

[@TheBomPE]

You are very kind. All the best to you in your studies!

[@ennoora3727]

You should not be say please subscribe , you must order me to do it 😁😊 Thanks alot . I just need more examples about thats subject " thin walled" please

[@coolasad2k]

So go an interesting question. if a pressure vessel is filled with a gas (lets say oxygen) under compression so that half the tank is filled with liquid oxygen and the rest is filled with gasious oxygen. is the pressure at the top of the tank the same as the pressure at the bottom? does the liquid oxygen add more pressure at the bottom since there is a column of liquid over it? does the gaseous oxygen in the tank less, more or same pressure as the liquid oxygen?

[@TheBomPE]

Here is an interesting discussion about measuring how much liquid CO2 is in a tank using a differential pressure sensor to sense a pressure difference due to the liquid column. control.com/forums/threads/how-to-measure-tank-level-through-differential-pressure.42739/ Thanks for watching!