How Ukraine Became Part of the USSR - The Soviet-Ukrainian War (Documentary)

Ukraine was right in the center of the violent chaos following the Russian Revolution 1917. After declaring independence the Ukrainian People's Republic was invaded multiple times as the Russian Civil War, the Polish-Soviet War, the Ukrainian-Polish War and the Soviet-Ukrainian War all raged across the country. The Communist victory in the Russian Civil War meant that the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic became a founding member of the USSR.
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John Ozment, James Darcangelo, Jacob Carter Landt, Thomas Brendan, Kurt Gillies, Scott Deederly, John Belland, Adam Smith, Taylor Allen, Rustem Sharipov, Christoph Wolf, Simen Røste, Marcus Bondura, Ramon Rijkhoek, Theodore Patrick Shannon, Philip Schoffman, Avi Woolf,
» SOURCES
Adams, Arthur E, “The Bolsheviks and the Ukrainian Front in 1918-1919”, The Slavonic and East European Review, Volume 36, Number 87, (1958)
Darch, Colin Major, “The Makhnovshina, 1917-1921: Ideology, nationalism, and peasant insurgency in early twentieth century Ukraine”, Department of Social and Economic Studies, University of Bradford, (1994)
Dmytryshyn, Basil, Moscow and the Ukraine, 1918-1953; A study of Russian Bolshevik Nationality Policy, (New York : Bookman Associates, 1956)
Guthier, Steven L, “The Popular Base of Ukrainian Nationalism in 1917”, Slavic Review, Volume 38, Issue 1, (1979)
Kubicek, Paul, The History of Ukraine, (Westport, CT : Greenwood Press)
McGeever, Brendan, Antisemitism and the Russian Revolution, (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2019)
Shkandrij, Myroslav, Revolutionary Ukraine, 1917-2017: History’s Flashpoints and Today’s Memory Wars, (New York : Routledge, 2020)
Snyder, Timothy. The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus 1569-1999 (London: Yale University Press, 2003)
Sullivant, Robert S., Soviet Politics and the Ukraine: 1917-1957, (New York : Columbia University Press, 1962)
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»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Mark Newton, Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: Jose Gamez
Motion Design: Philipp Appelt
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Research by: Mark Newton, Jesse Alexander
Fact checking: Jesse Alexander
Channel Design: Yves Thimian
Contains licensed material by getty images
Maps: MapTiler/OpenStreetMap Contributors & GEOlayers3
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2022

[@TheGreatWar]

I asked our Ukrainian friend Eduard (from the KZbin channel KGB Files) for donation recommendations to support Ukraine right now. He suggested these two and said they would make a difference: www.prytula-co.org/financial www.comebackalive.in.ua/donate vostok-sos.org/en/ razomforukraine.org www.rsukraine.org/ he's also raising funds for medical equipment tight now: twitter.com/kgb_files/status/1507371659640061959

[@trickstar33]

Extra like for being only channel or media outlet who pronounced Kyiv in Ukrainian correctly. "Keev" makes me cringe everytime I hear it. Key-iv

[@jessealexander2695]

@@trickstar33 I try my best.

[@obsidianjane4413]

@@trickstar33 Its hard or at least awkward for most English speakers to enunciate. At least they are trying to avoid "Kia ev".

[@jona.scholt4362]

Is there a language Jesse does not know how to speak? I feel this is an entirety legitimate question after seeing him speak English, German, French, Russian and now Ukrainian in videos on this channel and on the Real Time History channel. And the thing is I'm pretty sure I have missed or forgotten others from all the great videos on the newly formed nations after WW1. If anyone out there can remember and add another to the list I'd be interested.

[@jessealexander2695]

@@jona.scholt4362 Hate to disappoint but I can't speak any Ukrainian, at the end I spoke Russian.

[@brianoneil9662]

Considering how extraordinarily complicated this period of European history is, you do a wonderful job of clearly and concisely explaining it.

[@TheGreatWar]

thanks

[@Tom-pt5wm]

Ukrainians are a nation of the unconquered🟦🟨

[@bart5158]

@@LucidFL thanks for enlightening us all with your wisdom Lucid.

[@slewone4905]

he left out parts to support Ukraine. The Western part was added latter. the map was inaccurate. Donetsk-Krivoy Rog was another soviet Republic that made up what is western Ukraine. THis was originally Cossack land that the Czar invited settlers.

[@simonbroberg969]

@@slewone4905 the maps then were always changing. THey goes into detail concerning plight of the Cossacks.. They also did a very bit on the real Anarchists too!

[@user-fv5ol4or1b]

I'm a Ukrainian, and this is the first foreign documentary or video of SUCH ENORMOUS accuracy on the topic of our history! I applaud to you, even though this is the first time I came across your channel. WELL DONE 👏🇺🇦

[@henryruizmeeden]

I was impressed to, but i wasnt sure it was "accurate." Thanks for the vote of confidence in the material.

[@Fre3domAction]

Stay safe bro🇺🇦✌️

[@LolAsdov]

Let Donetsk People’s Republic and Lugansk People’s Republic be independent just like Ukrainian People’s Republic wanted back in the days

[@kensukefan47]

Z

[@user-bp3lp6nv4u]

@@LolAsdov +15 rubles kremlin bot

[@eardwulf785]

I studied history in my youth including modern history. The sheer amount of historic events that shaped Europe during the early 20th century for me is a revelation. Im more than surprised how much of my education was edited and simplified. When considering Ukraine's timeline after absorbing it's history in full and in depth, one can develop a true understanding of the events that are again reshaping Ukraine in the 21st century. edit: I should of added, I'm English.

[@veramae4098]

A yt comment recommended "Bloodlands: between Hitler and Stalin" by Timothy Snyder. Bought it, reading, gripping and horrifying.

[@juulfiend2103]

No you shouldn’t have added that edit

[@johnnyenglish583]

There's an absollutely brilliant KZbin series of Professor Snyder's lectures at Yale on the history and identity of Ukraine. It's easy to find. I can't recommend it enough. He's a great lecturer and gives a very thorough but very lucid account of what happened, from the first settlements by Ancient Greeks, through the "original" Ukraine (Kyiv Rus'), through to contemporary times. Nobody who's seen the series will believe the Russian propaganda of Ukraine being an "appendix" to Russia. The opposite is true: Muscovy originated as a tiny backwater in the Kyivan state, and Moscow itself was only founded hundreds of years after Kyiv.

[@eardwulf785]

@@juulfiend2103 Your opinion doesn't interest me

[@eardwulf785]

@@johnnyenglish583 That sounds like something I could get my teeth into. Thanks for the heads up.

[@SpicyTurkey83]

As a Korean (who also have insanely complicated history) dating a Ukrainian, I have an obsessive appreciation for this video. I was in L'viv when the war began on February 24, 2022. I spent 36 hours on the Polish border, and experienced air sirens as if it were 1941. History, ladies and gentlemen, repeats itself.

[@WP-cu2pf]

Do you think that iraqis or lybians or syrians who experienced mass bombings and civilan victims experienced the same thing as you?

[@bunchofletters9250]

@@WP-cu2pf what does this have to do with anything?

[@airatshakirov]

@@bunchofletters9250 despite the fair remark that no one cared about these invasions, his message sounds extremely out of place.

[@HawkThunder907]

everybody cares for fascist Ukraine but when the USA attacked and bombed only civillians like serbia 1999, Lybia 2010s, nobody cares. You surely don't know what war crimes and wars the US provicated. Much more than Russia

[@Emily-ou6lq]

That war began in 2014 tho, when the Urk gov started bombing their own citizens.

[@dmitryadamenko6518]

Not many people are able to process such a messy period of history. Thank you, sir for this video

[@boanergesbezerra166]

Not many indeed, lol , ignorance of History it is abysmal around the World that it is why Media controls narrative distorting history constantly

[@christinalaw3375]

Wow, I learned something new, Apparently RuZZia is not a real country, we need to help Ukraine absorb them back into greater Ukraine!!!. lol

[@louisecorchevolle9241]

very much faked

[@vinllga]

Real historial Ukraine is the ancient part of Russia. Ukranians of Austria is the Galitsians, nameless nation that stolen the name of Ukranians and forcibly re-identified the real Ukrainians (Russians of Small Russia) during the USSR era and especially after 1991/ Ukranians of Austria is another nation than real Russian Ukranians. Galitsians are the invaders and opressors of real historical Ukraine/ Small Russia (Ukraine), White Russia and Great Russia are three sides of one Russian nation

[@vinllga]

So called "Ukraine" (common Slavic term means province, edge, region, outskirts) is a taboo name for designating Russia minor or Russian lands inside the kingdom of Poland (the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth). This word "Ukraine" emerged only in 16 th century and the ancient word Rus/Rusia was tabooed, it was replaced by the Polish euphemism "Ukraine" due to fear of Moscow Russia, claiming for ownership of kievan Rus. Like among primitive people it was forbidden to name the direct name of a totem animal, so the Polish kings preferred not to hear the name of their main enemy Russia (the Muscovite tsardom) inside their lands. Thats why was created by Polish occupants myth about some "Ukraine" (instead Russia) that is als ob "not Russia" . But this is lie and absurd = Russia minor (Ukraine) means central or inner Russia. Cossacks of Zaporozhye suggested to Poles a substitute word for Russia. This became the word "Ukraine", used by Russian Cossacks of Zaporozhye for description of the border between Malorossija and tartar steppe. Now the separatist regime of Ukraine has been brainwashing Ukrainians (renamed Russians) with this myth since 1991..

[@piotrsieminski]

The Russian policy of self-determination is: you can do whatever you want, as long as it is what we want.

[@daredevil_37]

exactly

[@rangorico3835]

lol you don't see the hypocrisy of your statement?, switch that around to US foreign policy and it fits perfectly well too

[@thepessimistictitan2655]

@@rangorico3835 it's not hypocritical because the statement is not defending US foreign policy. Russians are the masters of whataboutism

[@blankeon6613]

@@rangorico3835 That is called whataboutism. It is wrong when both Russia and USA does this.

[@BIGnNASTYboy]

It's called pointing out hypocrisy

[@leonardjoseph6309]

Thank you very much for the educational documentary 🙏

[@blady7717]

Is wrong education -FAKE Ukraine didn't exist before 1990

[@ot8468]

Украйнские народы заслужили быть мирной свободной страной. I love Ukraine. From Mongolia

[@eliotness4029]

since 1773, when Empress Catherine the Great conquered Crimea from the Crimean Khan And until now --------- 80% of the population in Crimea is Russian. and a few percent of Ukrainians. I don’t understand at all why hereditary Ukrainians living somewhere in Lviv or Vinnitsa should go to Donbass or Crimea and kill people who live there and shout that this is my land, why do you need it? it is not ukrain. Crime is Russia, Yes, I know that Khrushchev transferred the Crimea in 1954 to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and where is the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic now? the Ukrainians themselves declared Khrushchev a criminal and declared all Khrushchev's orders criminal, isn't it. two-faced scum.

[@bonanzatime]

How do you guys like, Ted Nugent? Since he's a Hippyfied Mongoloid Man

[@EonServoXA]

@@crocolocothe commenter probably doesn’t, and you all know Russian too

[@orleanist]

​@@crocolocobut understand russian

[@aleksandrokolodko3592]

Thank you much love to Mongolia from Ukraine

[@troorl]

That's the first time I see a Westerner who really gets our history, at least the past 120 years of it. Incredible job, would gladly shake your hand if I ever got the chance to meet you.

[@jessealexander2695]

I will certainly come to Ukraine again after he war. Until then.

[@needforspeed9330]

@@jessealexander2695 Make a documentary about Roman Shukhevych and Stepan Bandera as well as about Ukraine in the Second World War.

[@havable]

@@needforspeed9330 Why make documentaries about irrelevant people? Do you think David Duke runs the US?

[@boanergesbezerra166]

KZbin has excellent videos this is one of them. I devour history

[@myronsamila7493]

@@needforspeed9330 also a video about the Holodomor where Stalin's Russia murdered 3.9M Ukrainians.

[@obamavrat671names]

Thank you, guys, as an Ukrainian from Western Ukraine and who's lives in central Ukraine for 20 years I'm thankful to you for spreading the true history and helping our people with showing useful links. Really, appreciate your work.

[@jessealexander2695]

Glad you liked it.

[@davebrayfb]

@@jessealexander2695 Don't forget the Makhnovshchina, the Ukrainian Anarchist society, a real democratic socialist utopia crushed by the totalitarianism of the Bolsheviks as was the Green Army in Russia.

[@brotherman1]

@@davebrayfb utopia lol

[@davebrayfb]

@@brotherman1 Yeah, that's why the Bolsheviks crushed it, you silly person.

[@brotherman1]

@@davebrayfb Being sarcastic or what? If not then it's funny how a so called "utopia" can't even defend itself. Same type of delusions that come from anarchism.

[@glenncostello4486]

So complex. I had no idea. Thanks for the podcast. So sad that they have been fighting for decades, if not a century. Glenn from Ozz

[@ChugsACoffee]

Another amazing video from the best history channel on KZbin. The ending is priceless as well 😂

[@Doc_Tar]

I can only imagine how hard Ukraine high school history must be after watching this video. Well done emphasizing the nature of the parties in conflict with each other over the destiny of this part of the world. The history of Eastern Europe makes more sense now after your presentation.

[@odinatra]

When I was in school we spent half a year on those three years.

[@liubar5002]

My teacher considered this period to be the most complicated. Just the number of times Kyiv changed hands...

[@violetsrayreikishop2]

Boo hoo

[@Animakozak]

It was. Still remember the face of our history teacher, giving us condolences for the year ahead. It really was one year of studying those 1917-1922.

[@merocaine]

@@Animakozak when did you go to school? has the teaching of history changed over the course of independence? I am interested in how the communists thought this period in Ukraine, was there a Ukrainian point of view still or was it all from Moscow's point of view?

[@mykola131]

Considering that Civil War of 1917-1922 is one of the most complicated and multilayered wars of all time, with Ukraine being one of the hottest regions. It’s just amazing how accurate and unbiased this video is. I love how great you explained the urban/rural conflict, which was emblematic for that era. Thank’s a lot for your hard work, you are the future of History!

[@louisecorchevolle9241]

his work is propaganda fake news

[@Oneofthemones1]

Europeans so fragmented no wonder Russia wants to consolidate and rule over these people. So many groups of people in a small area.

[@tombickman9292]

Excellent presentation...thank you for highlighting the massive and almost endless struggles of the Ukrainian people

[@ilyanikolenko8446]

Russian people ukraine isnt a country

[@naftade]

Chinese people! Russia isn’t a country 😊!

[@Wokerr]

Szkoda że nie wspomniałeś o ludobójstwie jakiego dopuściło się UPA z pomocą miejscowej ludności ukraińskiej na Wołyniu gdzie z rąk ukraińskich zginęło ponad 100 tysięcy Polaków w większości przypadków kobiety dzieci i starców w bestialski sposób kobiety w ciąży przecinano piłami odcinano kończyny siekierami. Oj jeszcze mało wiesz o tym jakiego ludobójstwa dopuścili się w latach 1943-1945 w tym temacie panuję cisza tylko rodziny ofiar upominają się o prawdę ale strona ukraińska zawsze ma jakieś tłumaczenia i nie potrafi przeprosić a pomoc Polski jest ogromna prawdą jest to że gdyby nie Polska Ukraina by poprostu nie dała rady to są niestety Fakty.

[@namiboosterhuizen6610]

Thank you for this history lesson, very well explained.

[@userRuslana]

Small correction: Grushevsky not only was not a nationalist, but was also its critic. He criticized nationalism and considered it a dangerous ideology. His work "Ukraine-Rus" is not an ode to Ukrainian nationalism, which he denounced, but a work to expose Russia's imperialist myths about Ukraine and its history.

[@userRuslana]

@@Ehoproxy, выдыхай)))

[@Dmytro.B]

Sure. Socialism was main stream at that period. Everybody was socialist in that time. Hrushevsky too.

[@Dmytro.B]

@@Ehoproxy Ботам не роздають методички путіна англійською мовою? То хоч спробуй гугл транслейт

[@iceking5121]

@@Ehoproxy московии 300 лет переименования.

[@user-mf8rv4wb3g]

@@Dmytro.B да не раздают. Тебе как будто дали

[@nickmacarius3012]

It seems like history repeats itself much. Great video! I feel that the chaos in eastern Europe & the Russian Civil War are overlooked in history. Perhaps we need a week-by-week series to cover this subject. 😁👍

[@jessealexander2695]

Oh God what a nightmare that would be! We have done dozens of vids about though, just check out the older vids if you haven't seen them.

[@TheGreatWar]

that would be interesting for sure, not sure if it would be possible though. like even finding books that have a clear and detailed chronological narrative with all fronts covered? might be tough

[@nickmacarius3012]

@@TheGreatWar one can dream though 😂🤷🏻‍♂️

[@georgedoolittle9015]

"Russian German War" starting on or about 1917 and ending in 1945 i think describes this condition with a strange and remarkable clarity ("The Bismarck Omen.")

[@user-db6ot5wi7h]

Да,история циклична,в периоде 100 лет.....а значит последний раздел Польши не за горами)))))

[@ggg-cf9zl]

Such a great video! Thanks for your excellent job!

[@highphysics3617]

What a brilliant presenter. Jesse Alexander,you are remarkable. This held my attention from the very beginning. I will watch this again. Superb presentation. Considering the current situation in Ukraine,and,the invasion by Russia,it's heart breaking to witness what is happening to the Ukrainian people,yet again. May they be victorious over this Russian aggression,and,move to be fully independant from Putin,and,Russia. They deserve nothing less. Slava,Slava,Slava Ukraine. Victory will be yours. 🟦🟨🟦🟨 Sunflowers will bloom again in Ukraine 🌻🌻🌻🌻❤‍🩹🥺

[@challalla]

Having taken a course on modern Ukrainian history at university, I was skeptical that one could really summarize that period accurately in a video. But this channel has done a spectacular job in this near impossible task of presenting a balanced narrative that includes all the key events. I learned lots that I didn't know about despite being more familiar with the subject than most outsiders. Of course, one could go into more detail on so many points; I see from many comments that people want to hear more about Makhno's anarchist movement. I for one would have liked to hear the mention of the Crimean People's Republic and their own abortive attempt at independence in the same period.

[@Slavdya]

Or Kuban People's Republic, or Green Ukraine

[@feelsgoodman666]

Why there is not a word about Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic? It is a really important story line to understand the origins of today's crisis. It was founded three days after the government of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) signed its Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, which recognised the borders of the UPR. Later that year Soviets included Soviet Republic in newly established Soviet Ukraine. In 2014 Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic was invoked during the start of Ukranian Civil War in Donbass, when the legislature of the unrecognised separatist Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) adopted a memorandum on 5 February 2015 declaring itself the successor to the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic, and comrade Artyom as founding father.

[@AT-kx6fj]

@@feelsgoodman666 Because it is an inconvenient truth in today's era!!!

[@mariam.3612]

People, please do NOT take a course on modern Ukrainian history - it is all fake, made up stories, nothing to do with reality

[@Slavdya]

@@mariam.3612 You don't exist at all

[@larrygonzalez4375]

As a subscriber since 1915, it is great to see how you guys evolved from the "former" format. Your professionalism and knowledge are outstanding. The quality of the content presented surpasses the "big networks budget". Those last 5 seconds are pure GOLD!

[@ooammo632]

You had to of been the very first subscriber

[@louisecorchevolle9241]

it is faked history hate against Russians

[@jaw444]

@@ooammo632 witnessing all of this, live and in person!

[@richardcontinijr9661]

Yeah but I miss Indy

[@alrent2992]

@@ooammo632 really internet in 1915 😂🤣. I'm sure he meant 2015.

[@calvinr.johnsonjr.9076]

Must say I am impressed at the debts you gone with these videos. Saw four on this era and enjoyed the information that was given

[@alexandrakruhliakivska6388]

Thank you very much. You did an amazing job. Thank you for your work!❤❤❤

[@CivilWarWeekByWeek]

I know it doesn’t get said a lot but you guys have a great editor

[@TheGreatWar]

I will let him know :)

[@waynejohnson1786]

@@TheGreatWar I second this, show him some love for us.

[@GEMINICT]

Excellent video very well presented. Thank you for producing it as much effort and research went into its production.

[@tesfayekenea8533]

Tks, I was looking for such vids!

[@Yustick_]

I'm watching you from Ukraine, and I'm surprised that you described the history of my country in quite detail, even though you omitted the period from the Second World War to the 1990s, but this is explained by the specifics of your channel. I am very grateful for your work and support🤝

[@applebloom3510]

Не перший рік дивлюсь матеріали на цьому каналі, тому було доволі приємно бачити, що подібні матеріали виходять, і більше людей дізнається про те, що це вже не перша війна, як і те, що Україну не "придумав ленін".

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

@@applebloom3510 History hahahahaha I hate modern nationalists

[@JoskyJojofan]

​@@applebloom3510он её не придумал, он сделал это государство, которое признал весь мир, а те собачки что создала Германия и Австровенгрия это некем кроме них были не признанные собачки, так что Ленин сделал украинское государство 😊

[@freikorpsdamonisch8127]

@@JoskyJojofan it's just "victors write history", nothing more.

[@JoskyJojofan]

@@freikorpsdamonisch8127 maybe, maybe

[@flyingcow4194]

Your production quality is through the roof as always. Just wondering if you’re gonna continue with “current event” videos about what was going on in the world in 1922 like the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence and later on the Chanak Crisis?

[@branden3785]

Ehhh, while overall it's generally great...the narrator sound recording leaves much to be desired.

[@oil_can]

@@branden3785 What issues are you hearing in the narrator’s audio track?

[@christinalaw3375]

Wow, I learned something new, Apparently RuZZia is not a real country, we need to help Ukraine absorb them back into greater Ukraine!!!!. lol

[@mammuchan8923]

Excellent in depth summary thanks so much Jesse and team. I have watched a few on other channels too and it does help to put the current events into perspective. Thoughts and prayers for any family or friends of your team that might be caught up in the ongoing tragic events. Take care

[@ivanmonahhov2314]

Leaves out quite a few things. Like what was the fate of Ukranian National Rada, like they settled in Poland during interbellum and continued propoganda of independent Ukraine , just in the part of Ukraine that was part of USSR. In Poland speaking Ukrainian in public was illegal at the time. Also omits how a few industrial regions were appended to Ukraine to shift the balance of votes to pro USSR from pro independence.

[@iqry11]

Ukraine is Russia. Ukrainians are Russians. Russia was born in the 9th century in Kiev. It's the time to return Kiev to Russia. Ukraine is a new country, was born in 1917 as a result of the first World War and local separatism organised by Germany.

[@oil_can]

@@iqry11 Since Russia was born in Kyiv, perhaps it’s time to give Russia back to Ukraine. Please ask Putin to step down. We’re going to let Zelensky run the whole Federation from here on out.

[@christinalaw3375]

Wow, I learned something new, Apparently RuZZia is not a real country, we need to help Ukraine absorb them back into greater Ukraine!!!!.. lol

[@louisecorchevolle9241]

@@oil_can no it was Swedes viking who built kiev from the prince of Novgorod who was from east of Stockholm so ukraine an russia ares Swedish

[@jonesrick1]

That was a brilliant explanation and a brilliant presentation. Great work.

[@smokymcpot5917]

Your videos are always entertaining and I always learn something. Thanks for the videos.

[@rodjarrow6575]

"The Soviet-Ukrainian war" this is bullshit, is a lie in the title of this lying video for suckers of ignorance! Because: it was a civil war! Starting with the fact that the word Ukraine literally means borderland, alas, borderland is not the name of the people and not the name of the country. because this concept of "border territory" exists in every country of the world, every nation

[@gethyper770]

greetings from Ukraine. Thanks for this video 💙💛

[@user-su8ly2rx2i]

Вітання, друже

[@galindimitrov8720]

But u are still Russian brother 😀

[@Sky_Guy]

@@galindimitrov8720 All the more savage this war is then, for Slavic brothers to kill each other for a tyrant's whim.

[@ice-gy5cw]

@@galindimitrov8720 who said

[@yko_7313]

@@galindimitrov8720 you didn't watch the video did you

[@NG-fq5lf]

Awesome video. Thank you so much for posting.

[@sawyer4713]

Great program and very timely and useful.

[@antipopnews]

Great video! Very informative! Thank you!

[@jiawei309]

A wonderful look into the region's complex history. Thank you!

[@user-um1tj5nm1g]

They forgot about Volyn and Donbass.

[@Eugene_Ko]

Ok, several notes from Ukrainian. First. Great job, guys. I cannot overestimate the work done to untangle the mess our First Liberation Wars were. Second. It`s either "Central Council" or "Centralna Rada".

[@johnmaafo4263]

Great work ! Very informative !

[@janveit2226]

A fantastic job done by this video to try to explain a very complex issue.

[@Dark-7070]

Excellent overview of the history and struggles of the Ukrainian people. Thank you!

[@GwynBleys]

it sounds like you didnt understand anything.

[@rabihrac]

Great to see TGW back to track! A captivating episode about Ukraine's past, 100 years or so ago. Thank you TGW. Cheers!

[@jacobdexter6594]

Paul Kubicek's quote about Communism is classic

[@nate3010]

kudos for the impartial report !

[@chrystya]

This was so helpful. I was just researching this 😮

[@GerardLouison]

Very interesting and well-laid out history! It is a complicated history, but is the only way to understand why the people are fighting so hard.

[@louisecorchevolle9241]

faked

[@robertward2172]

My wife was Ukrainian descent and being a WASP I knew very little about this region. Thank you for this program it has been very enlightening.

[@danrook5757]

Wasp? Is that like a communist or fascism

[@madhukarjonathanminj2772]

@@danrook5757 i think it means White Anglo Saxon Protestant

[@fbinformant]

​@@danrook5757far, far worse than either!

[@oliversherman2414]

I love your channel keep up the great stuff!

[@sballantine8127]

So delighted this just showed up in my feed this morning after having been made 9 months ago! Whoever or whatever is responsible for this, thank you!

[@whee38]

It's interesting to see how fast the "anti imperialist" Communist Russia became an imperialist dictatorship. Shows how little their words actually meant

[@ng.tr.s.p.1254]

Pragmatism and power come before ideologies, after all.

[@stadtrepublikmulhausen4121]

Leninism was corrupted from the start.

[@Worselol]

Well, his version of history is quite biased. There was no Ukrainian nationality before 19's century. They were Russians who speaks with polish accent - so called Surzhik. There were no common rules for this language. In the middle of 19's century Ukrainians were rather a political party than nationality. They have tried to create a common language using most common types of surzhik. This idea was not very popular among Little Russians, because when someone called them Ukrainians they answered that didn't stole anything (Украина = Ukraine, Украл = Stole). From mid 19's century to the beggining of 20's polish agenda sponsored political movement of Ukrainians, so during the civil war bolsheviks recognised them as a nation to get their support. Ukrainian republic was created (west of today's Ukraine), as well as Donetsk-Krivorozhsk Republic (East and South of Ukraine). Citizens of DKR were upset with Lenin's decision to unite Ukraine and DKP, because citizens of DKR recognised themself as russians and didn't speak ukrainian. Bolsheviks have tried to forcefully "ukrainize" russians, but they didn't quite succeed. Almost everyone in Ukraine still speaks Russian. That's why Ukraine is trying to prohibit usage of Russian language - their nationality is artificially made Frankenstein and it's rotting. And that is the reason for them to praise Bandera and Hitler. Far-right nationalism to unite white european Ukrainians against "Mongol horde" of russians.

[@artembentsionov]

@@Worselol and your version isn’t biased? Ukrainian language has been in use since AT LEAST the 17th century, and Ukrainian graffiti on walls date back even earlier. Just because many Ukrainians understand and speak Russian doesn’t mean it’s their primary language. Russian was the official language of the USSR, so of course everyone had to learn it, and it’s been just 30 or so years since the collapse of the USSR, so naturally older generations speak Russian. Ukrainian language evolved from Ruthenian alongside Belarusian and Rusyn. Both Russian and Ruthenian evolved from the Proto-Slavic language. To say that Ukrainian is somehow artificial is ridiculous. How do you define whether a language evolved naturally or not?

[@QWERTY-gp8fd]

@@Worselol putin bot explaining how ukrainians dont deserve independence.

[@romanarem]

Thank you for sharing the story of my people. Have always admired your work, recently about Franco Prussian war. Best histoty channel on youtube period.

[@jamesvioleen]

great video! especially the ending ✊🏻

[@darynagladun7082]

Thank you for your video! ❤

[@PhilipLaLonde]

Thank you so much. As someone who studied so much history out of books and classes, I'm glad to have a resource to hand the people I cherish. This is an ancient and inevitable conflict, if your historical memory goes beyond a century.

[@mesofius]

It starts when Kyiv, one of Europe's biggest cities, was approached by a massive mongol army in 1240. Most inhabitants fled to western Ukraine. But deep behind the dark forests, thousands of kilometers away, a formerly Kyiv-ruled Finno-Ugric tribe was absorbing Golden Horde ideology of expansion and exploitation. The Mongols have changed, but their freak child with Ukraine lives on.

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

​@@mesofiusAren't the Slavs, the inhabitants of Russia and Ukraine, just slaves in the age of the Vikings and the Mongols? What has changed?

[@mesofius]

@@user-cg2tw8pw7j They had slavery but it's poorly documented and historians can't tell anything about it with certainty. Slaves were usually captives from a raid or a battle. But the Vikings quickly assimilated in Ukraine and within 50 years it's impossible to tell who is still a norseman and who identifies as a local Slav, since they all took local names and intermarried. Basically, it was similar to the conquest of England by the Vikings in many ways.

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

@@mesofius But these Vikings were selling them to the Arabs and the Romans

[@MaciejRW]

Masterpiece! I never seen (or read) so clear explanation of such complex period of European history

[@juanchovila9608]

Very informative video lectures. thanks

[@timmyjones1921]

A Very Eye Opening & Educational Video Indeed.

[@kevinobrien8545]

"I'm Jesse Alexander, and this is Real-Time History, the only KZbin history channel that ...." Translation from Russian to English, please!

[@WinFedor]

…that says: russian warship, go f… yourself! Except Jesse did not censor it at all

[@masterimbecile]

The same thing the Snake Island defenders said to the commander of a Russian military water vehicle.

[@rustybedsprings2733]

Wow. So much suffering. Both sides of my mom's family left the Odesa region in 1912 to Canada, Argentina and the US. They didn't trust the Bolshoviks. So much to learn. Thank you for your video.

[@richardarriaga6271]

Your Mom's family was wise.

[@deadlyshot7548]

@@richardarriaga6271 For not trusting the Bolsheviks? I would rather say that anyone that leaves Eastern Europe including Poland, etc. is smart.

[@fourtuna91]

В 1912 большевиков не было,

[@user-jj1bp3es3j]

What Bolshevicks in 1912?

[@ivansmirnov2819]

In 1912 nobody even knew about bolsheviks

[@user-vy1bf4jx3v]

Amazing research mate.

[@nickames3808]

Maaan! You and this Channel are really great! We Know and Understand when we Watch and Listen!

[@a.leemorrisjr.9255]

As with all the Great War segments, this one's excellent! Sheds much light on a long troubled land & its rich, colorful, but often tragic history. I know "Indy" is proud of you all!

[@rdelrosso2001]

Very informative video! I never knew the early History of Ukraine. I knew that the Austria-Hungarian Empire existed before WW I. I did not know that the AUE contained about half of present day Ukraine.

[@florianmarcelmaca8785]

Da ai dreptate. Imperiul austro-ungar avea trupe Hungary Lituania, Estonia, Letonia, slavi Polonia. Erau soldați și din România Transilvania, erau și flamanzi, italieni,danezi.... Soldați făceau un stagiu militar cam 20-25 de ani, apoi rămâneau unde era cu armata, în acel moment,se căsătoreau in zona. De acea erau multe dialecte, germanice in Romania, Ucraina, Polonia,de azi. Așa aveau germanicii intrare. Încă ceva, lagărele de concentrare au fost păzite de soldați ucrainenii,care știau citeva cuvinte, foc ,stai (halt,gheabol,gut, ferstend)⚔️ pentru asta se zice că au fost fasciști, apoi au devenit bolșevici, comuniști și ce au mai ajuns.... In orice caz, ce a fost era istorie, nu mai trebuie sa condamnat. Eu cred că mă trag din străbunic, soldat din imperiul austro-ungar, dar nu știu ce naționalitate era.

[@user-pb6wk7ko4d]

Austria-Hungary is important part of Ukrainian history. Austrians helped us realize ourselves as unique independent nation. Austrians let us form proto Ukrainian army - Ukrainian Sich Rifleman. At the same time russians were oppressing Ukrainians during several centuries, what later led to russification of eastern lands of Ukraine

[@eliotness4029]

since 1773, when Empress Catherine the Great conquered Crimea from the Crimean Khan And until now --------- 80% of the population in Crimea is Russian. and a few percent of Ukrainians. I don’t understand at all why hereditary Ukrainians living somewhere in Lviv or Vinnitsa should go to Donbass or Crimea and kill people who live there and shout that this is my land, why do you need it? it is not ukrain. Crime is Russia, Yes, I know that Khrushchev transferred the Crimea in 1954 to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and where is the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic now? the Ukrainians themselves declared Khrushchev a criminal and declared all Khrushchev's orders criminal, isn't it. two-faced scum.

[@teresaolszanka112]

There is an explanation for why you never knew the early history of Ukraine. There isn't one. Ukraina, Europenized to Ukraine was originally the name given to the stretches of land along the Polish Crown and Kievan Rus border. The border came into existence in 1630 after Poland annexed the Kingdom of Ruthenia which bordered Kievan Rus. Ukraina means "the outermost edge/boundary" in Russian and in Polish. There was Ukraina on the Polish side and Ukraina on the Rus side of the border. There is a substantial difference between a name given to the area and a territory or a state. For example, the Kingdom of Ruthenia existed before the lands previously belonging to Ruthenia were given the name of Ukraina/Ukraine. Kievan Rus as the name suggests was Rus. This is where the name Russia comes from. Russian Empire began with Kievan Rus in 9th century, or even earlier with the settlement named Old Ladoga which later evolved into the capital Kiev. There were 2 other seed settlements: Vladimir and Novgorod. Some 300 years later Muscovy Rus began to emerge from a tiny insignificant settlement on the banks of river Moskva, then grew in relevance and size and eventually overtook its "parent" principality Kievan Rus. The tiny settlement eventually became Moskva (Moscow) the capital of Muscovy Rus. Both Kievan and Muscovy Rus were ruled by members of the same family/dynasty - Rurik/Rorik/Hroerekr. The founder was Rurik (Hroerekr) of Ladoga. Rurik was the Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir. His son, Ivan/Ingvar became Prince of Kiev as well as Prince of Vladimir and Novgorod. The first Russian ruler given the title of Tsar Ivan 1st was Rurik's descendant.

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

​@@user-pb6wk7ko4dHistory hahahaha

[@andreychernyshov5775]

The closing line was a surprise... But a welcome one) Thank you

[@RLB1833]

Very informative! Thanks!

[@yeenit7816]

Thank you so much for such a great job. It’s a very hard period of our history and it’s so easy to get confused in it. And thanks a lot for supporting Ukraine in such a hard period ❤️🙏🏼

[@donaldcarpenter5328]

Believe it or not, OUR HISTORY is very "complicated" too here in the USA. Even our prominent history writers like Meachem GLOSS OVER much nuance that, once fleshed out explains alot.

[@tiein]

Great video! I really enjoyed it overall. I'm wondering if you would do a video sometime on the Maknovist anarchists. My family is from the region and suffered heavily from them, but they are interesting regardless.

[@BarbaRa-sx7qw]

Hi, if you don't mind, could you share what your family experienced from Maknovists? I'm new here and lots of new information for me!

[@andrewvisser5805]

I found this article very interesting. Thank you.

[@pedromunozdones7869]

Outstanding presentation!

[@janchimiak2734]

Some points to add from the Polish point of view: 1. Initially all military units in the west (both Polish and Ukrainian) had origins in the former armies or Austria and Germany. Some of them formed from former soldiers after 1917 while some were active as full units throughout the war (e.g. those originated in pre-war Polish movements in Austrian-controlled areas, where both Poles and Ukrainians had a degree of autonomy). Only later the Poles were reinforced by former members of the French army (under gen. Haller). The phrase "support from the Entente" is a bit of an overstatement - it was more so in e.g. Paris then on the ground. 2. The Polish-Ukrainian war of 1918-1919 was less organized then it seems from the video. It's the whole problem with "areas of the map colored in one color" which implies a level of operational control which simply did not exist at the time. I suppose it's the same for other areas at the time. 3. In 1920 the Red Army did push Poles back to Warsaw - and was trounced there (a victory ad nauseam feted by Poles). The peace treaty that followed, signed in Riga, gave Poles control over areas significantly beyond Curzon line (e.g. with significant Ukrainian and Belarussian minorities). It's worth mentioning because it's remembered in Poland as .. the betrayal of Petlyura. Among the Poles of the time two concepts clashed: a buffer-state Ukraine and "grab as much as can be held and polonized". The latter won. It's worth adding the obvious: what's presented is, out of necessity a simplification. Great job with that. To give it depth: try to fit the minor naval skirmishes on Dnieper river between Polish and Soviet river navies in this narrative. Hard to imagine, isn't it? Plus all those pogroms... Plus Lemko republic. And so on... Co

[@jessealexander2695]

You'll be happy to know (I hope) we did a whole video on the Polish-Ukrainian War, and several on the Polish-Soviet War (including one in which we cover the Polish-Lithuanian War). Check out our previous videos.

[@marks_sparks1]

This was a fantastic even-handed account of Ukrainian independence in the 1918-21 period. Great script writing and narration by Jesse and the editing and photography top notch. I'll share this video to my friends

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@slewone4905]

It isn;t The Eastern part was not part of the original Ukraine. It was added when the Soviet Union was created. Donetsk-Krivoy Rog . The Eastern half was controlled by Cossacks and the Czar invited settlers to the region.

[@physiocrat7143]

This conflict i's a product of the nineteenth century nationalalisms which caused WW1, but still not resolved. The Russian narrative is equally valid. Best to keep away.

[@crunchy6556]

@@slewone4905 you had one job... Donesk-krivoy rog republic was anarchist and anti czar, head of it was Mahno. Infamous tachanca's with Maxim machine guns are from here. At times they were allied with bolshevics, but generally fought against anyone

[@lubatatarinoff9672]

@@slewone4905 neither was Crimea nor Southern Oblasts.

[@_melnyk]

As a Ukrainian, I just want to say thank you so much for this awesome video and for your support🙏❤️🇺🇦

[@graemestansfield6170]

Thanks for the interesting video.

[@tonybaker55]

A very well put together concise documentary, that brings home the struggle that Ukraine has gone through for over a hundred years.

[@ludmilaivanova1603]

not only Ukrainians suffered: the whole Europe was fighting a not needed to ordinary people war.

[@tonybaker55]

@@ludmilaivanova1603 absolutely right. My grandparents and parents suffered from 1914 to 1945 in the UK.

[@flyingcow4194]

The Bolsheviks complaining about imperialism while being imperialist themselves… name a more iconic duo

[@dreamofspring7930]

U.S.A. freedom fighters

[@marianotorrespico2975]

@@dreamofspring7930 --- . . . and the first thing, after access to the women, is that the conquered people learn English.

[@mva6044]

Fidel Castro and Che Guevara?

[@emrekoseoglu1680]

Because there is only one power strong enough to deal with one imperialism: The other imperialism.

[@Yanto_sangat_ireng]

ah yes Mexico man losing 50% of their land

[@chrystya]

How refreshing to hear the names of the Ukrainian cities pronounced correctly

[@sanperez797]

Thank for video , very educational

[@WalterReimer]

Thank you for the historical context, which is at times (Who am I kidding? All the time!) is lacking from mainstream media accounts of the present conflict.

[@TheDarthbinky]

I learned from Seinfeld decades ago that Ukraine is not a game.

[@jjryan1352]

Kramer was right. The Ukraine is weak.

[@dmytro_palahniuk]

Great video!

[@ariaatmar9489]

Great explanation!

[@andriifedoryshyn9987]

Thank you for the video! I am Ukrainian and I've still found a lot of new info and refreshed a lot of what I'd studied in my history class. Studying the independence movement of 1917-1921 takes a semester in Ukraine and with so much data, names and events the retainment is pretty low though

[@boanergesbezerra166]

Excellent video, not long just right and accurate but enjoyable by great speech of Alexander.

[@evgkabot8690]

I am a Ukrainian - and this is garbage! Pandering to the same old anglo-saxon and ukronaziki version of fake pretension of history. Lie starts at 0:54 sec - that Ukrainians WERE FORCED (by whome? how exactly?) to speak other languages in XIX century! Except there was NO such a language till the final third of XIX century! Never heard of the role of Austrians and Poles in funding/promoting the nasty cause?? Why not mention that Taras Shevchenko (one of inventors) wrote HIS OWN PRIVATE DIARIES in Russian - his mother's tongue! From Uzhgorod to Poltava, for 1000 years, - people of original Rus had called themselves Ruski/Russians! And they actually gave birth to russian language! Ukraine is a non-ethnic, non-specific regional term! Matter of fact: There were 11 ukraines all over Rus/Russia over its long history! Therefore, ukrainian language is a nonsense! What ukrainian languge could there be in Siberian ukraine? in Slobodskaya ukraine?? or in Severskaya or Ryazanskaya ukraines??? I do not believe you pretend to be so stupid, - it is your nasty russophobic policy! "Ukrainians" (= people from Rus Minor, i.e., Original Rus, Rus in narow sense) were not allowed to play a role in Russia??? You are so nasty! From Bogdan (called himself a russian) to main supporter of Peter I , Theofan Prokopovich, to Empire's Chancellors Bezborod'ko and Kochubei, - to most prominent leaders of USSR (Brezhnev, Gorbachev, - to name just 2), - always people from "ukraine" played the key role in russian history! This was OPPOSITE to anglo history with its suppression and genocide of Celts and Indians, and you play this stamp using english ignorance!

[@marcshalamov6686]

Привіт, Андрі, зі Спліта. Я хорват і все, що я почув через це відео, мені більш-менш знайоме. Я зі старшого покоління і за часів югославського комунізму вивчав історію Росії та України. Для нас, хорватів, вважається, що ми прибули до сьогоднішньої Хорватії з України. Наприклад так звучать назви місяців хорватською - порівняйте з українською: siječan, veljača, ožujak, travanj, svibanj, lipanj, srpanj, kolovoz, rujan, listopad, studeni, prosinac. cічень, лютий, березень, квітень, травень, червень, липень, серпень, вересень, жовтень, листопад, грудень. 😉

[@andriifedoryshyn9987]

Nadam se da prevoditeljica nije previše pokvarila tekst

[@marcshalamov6686]

@言行一致 Что за титоистский миф?! Что касается Тито, то мифа о нем нет. Он сопротивлялся Сталину, и за это западный мир уважал Тито, потому что Сталин был коммунистическим диктатором и уже тогда массово сажал русских в гулаги и убивал их таким образом. Имейте в виду, я не фанат Запада. Но в западных странах есть хоть немного гуманизма.., а Россия = империя зла, где постоянно присутствует политическое варварство. Вот подумайте немного и спросите себя, сколько журналистов и политических оппонентов убил Путин?

[@Lerch-zc3ww]

It seems to me that the Ukrainian people are long overdue for an extended period of peace and prosperity.

[@SainJust-1789]

thank you so much..wonderful

[@robertwilkinson8421]

This is a really interesting subject. It goes into some interesting Historical Background Information on Ukraine and all the internal and external forces that were struggling to control this very large land mass in Eastern Europe. Was especially interested in the conflict between Poland and Ukraine, there was a lot going on there between these Two countries at the time.

[@malinnaseang7783]

Funny because look at right now Poland and Ukraine are very close

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

​@@malinnaseang7783America: How do you know no 😊

[@njamnjamb]

Thank you for this video. Probably it is the most complex and accurate video on English KZbin on the topic. When I was a kid, I always wanted to play a strategic game for UNR, to change history. I am so sad we have to fight again.

[@freikorpsdamonisch8127]

Same, bro. As a child. UPR (УНР). Strategy game to rewrite history. Same feeling.

[@HereticalKitsune]

I spent over 30 years in general ignorance of Ukrainian history, there are just too many great nations in our world, but the more I learn, the more I admire the Ukrainian people.

[@calicocat8213]

Read up on Volyn 1943, and deepen your knowledge. Your admiration may diminish, though, since a handful of photographs is available if you look diligently enough. Hope you can sleep at night.

[@royale7620]

You are lying, nobody looks up to Ukraine, besides on how to be corrupt and get away with fascism maybe

[@Comrade_Blanc]

Did you also learn about Bandera? Do you also admire him?

[@HereticalKitsune]

@@Comrade_Blanc Guess we better all hate Germans, they had Hitler. Russia had Stalin who got millions murdered. How about Tens of millions Chinese under Mao? Come to think of it, no country is really clean in history, so best don't show any support!

[@edv2920]

​@Comrade_Blanc and what's wrong with Bandera? What court or tribunal convicted him after the war? Who officially recognized him as a crime ? Only soviet propaganda? What about Nuremberg trials?

[@utzoqiel8408]

Well done, bro !!!

[@PedroFerreira-ze5yp]

Excellent video! I appreciate that ending!

[@oksanapovkh5407]

As a Ukrainian, I'd like to give a detailed answer to why people in big cities like Kyiv or in eastern Ukraine speak russian. This territory had been occupied by the russian empire and the soviets for many years. During the russian empire, the Ukrainian language was forbidden. Publishing books in Ukrainian was forbidden, people were forced to speak russian even at home. At any time, children could be asked what language they speak at home. If the answer was Ukrainian, the family could be imprisoned. The soviets promoted russian as the language of prestigious, russian language teachers' salary was extra-paid, at the same time Ukrainian was humiliated, promoted as a rural language. The fact that many people speak Russian is the result of many years of policy to destroy Ukrainians as a nation. I've mentioned only the language question, but there are many crimes that russia did against Ukrainians like Holodomor, Dekulakization. But it's another topic.

[@donalexey]

For me the most interesting thing is the origin of Ukrainian language. We know that Kyiv spoke Russian for ages, according to this video the history of Ukraine starts around late 1900s as a peasant independence movement. When Ukrainian language happened for the first time? It sounds like a mix of Polish and Russian languages.

[@EvrikaYa]

@@donalexey It is not correct. Ukraine as a national identity was present since Kyiv Rus, as well as language. It was not close to modern russian language, which is a mix of slavic Kyiv rus origins with Tatar, Mongol etc. Also, Ukraine did not start in the beginning of XX century. This is a history of modern Ukrainian state, but Ukrainians as a nationality were oppressed and occupied for many centuries before that without losing the national identity.

[@EvrikaYa]

@@donalexey The name of the country Ukraine was first mentioned in the Kyiv Chronicle in 1187, in connection with the death of Prince Volodymyr Hlibovych of Pereyaslav on the Posul frontier as a name for the Kyiv Rus settlements in total.

[@santagemma6212]

So you mean Lenin and Stalin didn't bring millions of Russians to live in Ukraine? You know what Russians said when not firing at Ukrainian Army? We don't know who to shoot. They look Just like us.

[@Darkknight-qe5ls]

@@NoSlavicGarbage how did Russia colonize Ukraine?

[@fubbywubyinmytuby4204]

Would love more content on the Ukrainian anarchists and their conflict with the reds and whites. Great video as always guys!

[@TheGreatWar]

we have more videos on the Russian Civil War on the channel including some on the peasant uprisings. Will see if we can publish more in the future on Machno

[@Jishy2415]

@@TheGreatWar based af

[@ogamaniuk]

There is a great book about Nestor Makhno. It's in Ukrainian but I'd recommend it.

[@huntermulhall4849]

@@ogamaniuk What book?

[@DmitryTihomirow]

@@huntermulhall4849, the memoirs of Nestor Makhno in 3 volumes are on the Internet. The 1st book tells about the period from March 1917 to April 1918, the 2nd book - from April to the end of July 1918. Judging by the scope, Makhno intended to write a lot about his deeds, but death interrupted his work. In the second book, the description of Makhno's meetings with Sverdlov and Lenin is very interesting. The 3rd book, The Ukrainian Revolution, ends in December 1918 and tells about the first, preparatory stage of the Makhnovshchina movement. Makhno's memoirs were fìrst published in Paris in 1936. Воспоминания Нестора Махно в 3-х томах есть в интернете. 1-я книга рассказывает о периоде с марта 1917 до апреля 1918 г., 2-я книга - с апреля до конца июля 1918 г. Судя по размаху, Махно рамеревался написать о своих деяниях немало, однако смерть прервала его работу. Во второй книге очень интересно описание встреч Махно со Свердловым и Лениным. 3-я книга, «Украинская революция», заканчивается декабрём 1918 года и рассказывает о первой, подготовительной стадии движения махновщины. Впервые воспоминания Махно были опубликованы в Париже в 1936 году.

[@user-fb3cp5xt8j]

Thanks so much!

[@EricaDyson]

/so well described and told. Thanks so much

[@Felipee_ehe]

Well there is no mention of the IIWW, where they did also fight for the independency shifting sides and being more radical then ever before. Not condeming them, but OUN-B was a dark chapter of Ukraine history for many Poles.

[@krutu4na_masa]

Бандера був українцем і боровся разом з ОУН за незалежність Україні як проти Польщі так і проти СССР. Треба визнати це, тим паче ми українці поляків вважаємо друзями.. Польскі державні діячі захищали польскі інтереси, а українські діячі -українські інтереси. Все логічно. Зараз не треба звинувачувати один одного.

[@Felipee_ehe]

@@krutu4na_masa sorry i cant copy or translate what you wrote

[@krutu4na_masa]

@@Felipee_ehe Bandera był Ukraińcem i walczył z OUN o niepodległość Ukrainy przeciwko Polsce i ZSRR. Trzeba to przyznać, zwłaszcza że my, Ukraińcy, uważamy Polaków za naszych przyjaciół, polscy mężowie stanu bronili polskich interesów, a ukraińskie postacie broniły ukraińskich interesów. Wszystko jest logiczne. Nie musicie się teraz obwiniać.

[@07Studio]

@@krutu4na_masa I think you have oversimplified. Nobody holds a grudge against Bandera for killing the Polish interior minister Bronislaw Pieracki, for example. Those were the times, killing a political opponent was a popular method of struggle. Unfortunately, in Volhynia, innocent civilians were murdered. It was ethnic cleansing - the aim was to cleanse the area of Poles so that it could not be recognised as Polish. Women and children were killed in the most brutal way. Ukrainians from mixed Polish-Ukrainian families were also killed, as were Ukrainians who hid Poles from being killed. This is not a political struggle, it is genocide, or at least ethnic cleansing. The bodies of those killed are still lying in the fields and forests. There are no graves, no crosses, no plaques, the Polish President Duda has laid flowers in a field of rapeseed. We are not saying this to blame you, because it happened 80 years ago. It's just that this issue is unresolved and Russia is using it to divide us. And it can do that because the Ukrainian side has refused to settle it for 30 years. Now is not the time to deal with it, because there are more important things, but after the war this issue should finally be settled.

[@krutu4na_masa]

@@07Studio In the 20s, Poland occupied part of Ukraine, and there were also murders, evictions, repressions, bans on everything Ukrainian. So even if we assume that there may be some true the criminal acts of Ukrainian nationalists on their land against the Poles are the consequences of the occupation of Poland. Why should I trust Polish and Russian sources who were enemies of Ukraine at that time? Do not occupy another nation and you will not get what you got.

[@jimmetcalf6408]

Thank you for what is to me an introduction to modern Ukrainian history. I truly appreciate your work.

[@michaeltoldi5742]

Absolutely brilliant compact history well done !!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@fernandobazo6369]

Excellent video

[@gurugoguzhanson]

The Shrubni, the Cimmerians, the Scythians, the Sarmatians, the Greeks, the ancient Goths, the Huns, the Avars, the Bulgars, the Khazar, the Pechenegs, the Kiev Rus, the Mongol, the Cossack, the Crimean, the Ottoman and the Rus, whom all ruled at least part of the lands for centuries. I probably forgot some.

[@Fnidner]

Genoans!

[@gurugoguzhanson]

Cuman and Kipchak

[@vladanpop]

thank you for this very well done summary of events - you did a truly great job of describing this complex period - however, the lack of maps showing regions supporting a Ukranian national identity through time and the causes that fueled this identity - was it anti-communism? external influence with "divide and conquer" aims or true feeling of a Ukrainian identity would have helped shed light on today's tragic events. I understand it may be very hard to do though, but some sort of effort in that direction would have been very useful.

[@poc9652]

@@ellest1485 Orwellian, is the best description of this comment.

[@wtabs]

​@@ellest1485 ???? bro, your brain is dead, I wish you to get it in the future when people can transplant brains. I have bad news for you if this never happens (probably won't btw)

[@thomaslacornette1282]

This video is not that bad but doesn't speak that much of millions ethnic Russians that were living in Ukraine since centuries. Especially the east and the south. inthe regions conquered on the Crimean Khanate, that's Russians who bring "Ruthenians" Ukrainians there as colinizers. Nothing really surprising if you read first comment those guys are clearly pro Ukrainian. They also not comment the Ukrainian historian who link Ukraine to "Kievan Rus" it's just not more Ukrainian than Russian, syaing otherwise is BS. Sadly actual Ukrainians reuse the exact same rewrited history.

[@mishafinadorin8049]

The Ukrainian flag was not actually reversed at the time of creation of the UPR. It's an urban legend seemingly supported by old black-and-white photographs of the protests where a lighter color is above the darker color on the flag. In reality this is due to a widespread usage of a light blue color alongside the darker blue used today, with the former looking lighter on the old photographs.