Ice Age Impact at Nipigon Proposed - Ground Zero Analyzed with Randall Carlson

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Previously released / @geocosmicrex with many classic RC lectures!
Contact at the Cabin '19, hosted by Grimerica, included 6 presentations by Randall Carlson - proponent of a multiple impact scenario to suddenly terminate the most recent "Ice Age" and instigate the myriad effects at the Younger-Dryas Boundaries 12,900 and 11,600 years ago...
After a previous installment from the Cosmography101 class series where he proposed in 2008 an impact into central British Columbia, this potential impact site may account for the enigmatic Carolina Bays...
Nechako impact? • Nechako Ice Age Impact...
Bradley on recent Grimerica podcast: podbay.fm/p/th...
Support Randall Carlson's efforts to discover and share pivotal paradigm-shifting information: Make a one-time donation thru PayPal, credit/debit card or other account here: www.paypal.com...
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Recorded and Edited by Bradley Young
Produced by YSI Productions LLC copyright 2019

[@susanOkie60]

Randall Carlson podcasts are what I live for.

[@milham6341]

Best part of my day when there’s a new Randall vid

[@susanOkie60]

Same here

[@fairhall001]

Randall is one hell of a communicator. I second his motion that his work has contributed to the spreading of information and interest in geology, the mega floods and the younger dryas impact hypothesis. I also love his work on helping to interpret the symbols used in esoteric art.

[@Hollyweeds]

Hi Randall. I live in Thunder Bay. The amount of small lakes and waterways in this region is staggering. I suspected they formed after a meteor impact that left holes like shrapnel from the main impact. But I thought it Hudson Bay was the impact point not Lake Nipigon. This is so interesting. Thank you for your research into this fascinating geological area.

[@TheCrusades1099]

I am at the exact other side on the shores of Lake Agassiz West of Roseisle Manitoba.

[@samyoungblood3740]

Wonder if there are any minerals an metals often found near impact areas. Haiti is full of Iridium from an impact in the Gulf

[@jimharrison3079]

I actually believe Hudsons Bay is a meteor impact crater. Too obvious for anything else.

[@swirvinbirds1971]

Omg... You people see meteorite craters everywhere. 😂 And FYI no, this lake isn't a crater. 🙄 You people seem to think Randall is the 1st person to look at the lake.

[@given0fox968]

I’m here in northern Michigan, and I believe Cosmic Tusk has research on the Carolina Bays being formed from extruded material (likely ice, as it left no traceable material) from an impact to the Saginaw Bay of Michigan area. Common trajectory based on the Bays ellipses. Pretty wild.

[@PACratt-e1w]

Thank you Randle for using an Old School Pointer, that helps tremendously in the video.

[@DJRavek]

Randall, you had more than a small part in getting the younger dryas out there. You ARE the reason it's out there so prevalently now

[@alchamone8133]

You are the man from geometry to ancient catastrophes blows my mind 🫡

[@RNemy509]

Seeing the pictures of the canyons and other features, especially once you know what caused them, is unbelievably awesome!!

[@stevep7713]

I grew up in the Hudson Valley NY area. When i was a child in school, we were taught that the hudson river was carved by a giant flood when the ice dam in lake Ontario broke. For some reason, even as a child, i had a hard time believing that story. It just never seemed like it was enough water to carve those giant cliffs you can see along the hudson river when crossing the George Washington Bridge, and the Tappan Zee Bridge. Its crazy to me that they are now saying this water possibly came from the younger dryis flood. It makes a lot more sense when you see the scale of the hudson river cliffs

[@johndenver5029]

Yall make ranch dressing there?

[@Cedric_Ironwood]

I have been following this since Graham Handcock first suggested it . Please keep up the good work sir.

[@BevRich-y8u]

Thank you Randall can't wait for the next update

[@Joseph-xb1bc]

Exciting. My family is from Nipigon. Best fishing on earth.

[@larkljc]

It’s very interesting listening to this lecture again after years and recognizing some of the voices in the audience

[@debcamp2359]

Excellent presentation Randall! I am Canadian and really enjoyed your look at lake nipigon. The Sudbury nickel nine and lace st Jean in Quebec are also suspected meteor impacts.

[@jvin248]

Lake Mistassini should be included in the analysis. It's a scour channel with other features dappled all along the distance to Nipigon. And the scab lands. The wide area of catastrophic effects tend to make less sense for an impact or even a string of impacts and more for the pole shift (which our poles are "wandering" right now, accelerating too) that scoops water out of the North Atlantic and all through "the glacier region".

[@OurGlobalAffects]

THANK YOU!

[@jdcjr50]

It Lake Nipigon proves out to be an ellipse as part of a conical section, what I see is something flaming emanating from the mouth of the constellation Draco, especially from more southern viewpoints. There are lots of dragon myths out there. Chilling, no pun intended. Thanks for bringing this class to see on youtube.

[@simpleiowan3123]

"A small part to play..." said one of only two men on the planet responsible for popularizing the YDIH? You're too humble by half RC 😎

[@ferebeefamily]

Thank you for the video.

[@rogerdudra178]

Pretty good fishing around these Canadian places. Pike, walleye, pearch, trout.

[@ericwid]

Thanks brother 🙏

[@PACratt-e1w]

Thank You Randall and Team, for finding and sharing this information clearly/understandably. {-: PACratt :-}

[@kingslayya6876]

this is insane I only hope others start to see what's going on here. props to sir Carlson

[@ddelski1]

Hey, I tried to get you on my radio show. I’ve done a lot of prospecting through out the Thunder Bay district. There is a lot more stuff to see mineralogy in the area. Magnet mines, gold, copper , silver deposits

[@jacobcontreras458]

Having a clip of the video in the beginning is a nice feature

[@TonyBongo869]

I keep thinking my screen brightness setting was broken, then realized Randy was in a dark room. Okay I’ll find my own way out….

[@davidmcfadden1763]

Fascinating, as always!

[@laksivrak2203]

Randell I’m from the Tannana Valley in Alaska the only spot there was no ice during the last ice age, we have some things you need to see

[@Bekoz-re1zq]

The overlook you likely stopped at is ouimet canyon, amazing place to visit and unique flora found there not native to the region. Oh, by the way, one of your earlier slides you had Southern Ontario listed. We are proud Northwestern Ontario residents. If you need info regarding the area, welcome to reach out.

[@TheeMaddScienctist]

Riding down the highway in southwestern Pa looks like we purposely built our entire civilization exactly where the water came through. But I’m nobody lol

[@who-nobody-never]

Being from the PNW, if the floods happened again not even our dumps would remain. The entire civilization is built in "reclamation lands" according to the department of the interior. Has a lot to do with how they decided the navy could build dykes and form navy bases within the interior so long as it was the equivalent of a "stranded ship", even if it is the size of a base they call it a deck.

[@TheeMaddScienctist]

@@who-nobody-never luckily the ice caps are gone, probably why it’s says god won’t flood the earth again. I think we should reconsider what Nostradamus was really talking about…

[@aaronstandingbear]

@@TheeMaddScienctist Right now it looks like South America is on fire every where according to satelite images.

[@TheeMaddScienctist]

@@aaronstandingbear because 90% of everybody for the last few centuries thinks god got a plan so we’ve abandoned our responsibilities at least we have cell phones

[@MrBwinslow]

I was at this presentation!

[@luizinhoensina]

Great work as always! Have you ever heard of Pedra do Frade in Brazil? It's a granite monolithic structure with two giant slabs balanced on a cliff. The bottom slab is a sail-like cutting, with a triangular "cheese-like" balanced on top. They both point in the directions the sun rises in different seasons, I really think it is an astroarcheological site.

[@l1CappYl1]

How great has Google Earth and (especially) the topographical maps been in helping to advance research into this theory? I have been watching your videos for a while now and you have developed an expert ability to recognize these features, which become undeniable (imo) when looking at the topographical features.

[@tikitiki7610]

thank you so much, you are my entrance into a fantastic part of geo history

[@neilk.9041]

Add to this the possible impact near Detroit that created the Carolina Bays. The Greenland crater (possibly). And who knows however many more. Perhaps the planet was hit by a string or chain of large comet debris either simultaneously or in quick succession. Btw, I have canoed near Atikokan once and have spent months collectively camping/canoeing in the Boundary Waters since 1995. I have always been amazed at and have tried to imagine the forces that created the insane geology exposed in these areas. I will tell you, the bedrock is lifted, bent, broken, tilted in myriad insane ways. It is often exposed and easy to see. I go back pretty much every year because I just happen to love it. Where I go is not anywhere near as dramatic as the Lake Nipigon area pictures you show here. Incredible, nonetheless.

[@mr.greenfrog652]

Randall you should look into Northern Québec there is a nice Formation that he would like looks like an impact! Same place where they built the dams where they filled it with water! Looks 😍! I'm sure you will like it!

[@maluorno]

one thing to realize, looking at the regions north of Superior is that now, everything flows north

[@frankpepper4797]

Not true the northern watershed lots of square miles that drain south north of Lake Superior.

[@enderzgame6503]

I BINGE on KOSMOGRAPHIA thru My 8-9 HOUR WORKSHIFT. I LOVE the FIRST 12 EPISODES! I LISTEN to THEM REPETITIOUSLY! Bc "The DEVIL is in the DETAILS!" Thank You Randall Carlson!

[@oldtimer7979]

my suggestion for looking for evidence of an impact is micro metallic spherules that might occur in heavy mineral sands along the meltwater channels. Take some screens and pans to make concentrates to further analyze when back home.

[@katreid4205]

I grew up in French River. Across the road from my aunts home is this a gigantic oblong smooth rock .it looks like it was just dropped there like it fell from the sky we used to play on it when we were kids. It wasn't buried very deep it seemed, is what didn't make sense to me at a young age. I. 55 now, today its becoming more like a raised little forest all overgrowth surrounding it. We used to pull mica off of certain areas of it. Even found round rocks full of amethyst. I looked at this rock on my aunts side I swear I see a giant tree ring if I look at this rock in a certain way.

[@Hollyweeds]

I can drive to nipigon in an hour. Tell me what photos you need!

[@dimitrisolejak26]

Push Push push

[@IronicallyVague]

Why no "I survived the Younger Dryas impact" T-Shirts on your W site?

[@numnumsbirdie]

Absolutely feasible and I'm with you Randal. The southern Superior spillway at Deluth traces to Grand Rapids Minnesota and is the current beginning source of water in the Mississippi flowing south to the Gulf of Mexico. I stopped at a roadside park on the Misissippi river, off Highway 2 fishing in the mid 90's, just west of Grand Rapids. The "Sleeping Giant" looks like a giant Indian chief in full head dress lying on his back, out in the bay and can be seen from the Trans Canada Highway in many places along the north shore of Superior. Of course the deluge of melt water would spill northwest onto James bay, some would make its way through the chain of great lakes to the St. Lawrence river and would also flow south down the Mississippi into the Gulf of Mexico. Lake sediment analysis can be found in Ontario Geological Survey for the Lake Nipigon/Thunderbay area under ThunderBay mining district, as well as quaternary studies. I'm sure there are many documents found in Manitoba too. Love all your videos Randal! From Lloyd in Central Ontario, Canada.

[@joshorner-7911]

I'm in Toledo looking toward Michigan. Miles wide meters hit stretching the crust . My opinion.

[@thinkaboutit8199]

Would have liked to hear more about the possible relationship between this impact and the formation of the "Carolina Bays" by a bombardment of flying icebergs caused by this impact.

[@marenpurves4493]

There was something about that on Rumble (like, yesterday?) where Randall talked to Carolina Bays expert Chris Cottrell.

[@Alarix246]

Yes, but we're talking about the impact at 12900 years ago; the Carolina bays are usually taken as part of the 11600 impact. Obviously, some of the CBs could come from 12900, but nobody discusses these.

[@marenpurves4493]

@@Alarix246 but the Carolina Bays may be a lot older. Keep in mind that this talk of Randall's is from 2019.

[@samperamv4570]

Okay… now the moon presentation!

[@candui-7]

Scabland coulees were never under ice. There were never watershed rivers running through them. They were caused by Missoula flooding and mega outbursts out of Okanogan, (Chelan, Wenatchee, etc.?) according to latest research by Lesemann.

[@sancocho1718]

It has the same shape, and general orientation as the Carolina bays. Just, on a much grander scale.

[@7seriesmax]

You know how you found the ripples in the Badlands. Have you ever poured water out of a bucket on a hard pack ground. It leaves shapes exactly like the great lakes are shaped. Showing that where the lakes all meet was the drainage point for that part of the ice sheet. Which means there should be an impactor point or debris within a couple hundred miles north of it.

[@samyoungblood3740]

The Carolina Bay Area looks just like Columbia Illinois bay’s.. just noticed them on Mapquest. The Bay Area in Illinois isn’t far from Cahokia Mounds

[@dantyler6907]

I wonder if it has been considered the total volume of melt water could come from 1) melted ice, 2) melted snow and 3) the striking object itself, composed of ice and rock? Add all together, perhaps, produces the volume of needed water?

[@samsquach3799]

The Hudson Bay crater is much larger.

[@jacobcontreras458]

Could you relate the melting of the ice ace glaciers to the melting of glaciers in a mountain canyon? Maybe there is a pattern to how it melts that would bring a collection of water that John Shaw was proposing. I makes sense that melt water would be on top of the glacier since its exposed to the sun and elements, but were the glacier solid enough to contain the liquids?

[@floydcrase625]

Randall just incase you monitor your comments there is a scientist researching what happens when meteors hit glaciers his research shows craterless impacts are normal but hugh amounts of water and vapor

[@joshsykes3025]

You can see the fingerprints on the topographical maps. Massive flows of liquid water clawn into the bedrock strata

[@PaydirtPete]

Much more occurred than an impact. It was most likely several impactors resulting from a solar micronova. The extensive flaring from a micronova would also contribute to rabid glacial melt.

[@scubasteve830]

i have a thought. Make a line of where this impact is, the one is washington, and the one in iceland or green land and you will probally find an almost straight line, i would think that a meteor or comet passed one of the other plants and broke apart and changed the direction of travel causing a series of impacts like the ones that hit saturn except across the earth. Sorry I dont have the knowledge to be able to look into that further and be able to produce a paper. Like i said, just a thought.

[@sdrc92126]

The energy required to melt Antarctica ice cap is 8.19168×10^24 joules, and that is assuming that all of the ice is already 0C. The Chicxulub asteroid released is 1.15 × 10^23 joules, about 1/100th

[@fairhall001]

It doesn't need to melt the ice, it just has to remove it's structural integrity to allow gravity and the sun to finish the task.

[@sdrc92126]

@@fairhall001 It wasn't a very thorough analysis, I was listening to the talk and was curious, so I did a quick order of magnitude calculation and though someone else might be interested. I probably screwed the numbers up anyway 🤣

[@RNemy509]

A quick order of magnitude calculation? That math hurts my feeble brain 😂😂😂

[@fairhall001]

@@sdrc92126 The massive latent and specific heat of water means a lot of the heat energy could have been absorbed. Don't mind me, I'm just adding to the story. :)

[@sdrc92126]

@@fairhall001 👍Yeah, I was too lazy to do that part I think a 10K rise would be about 1/2 that required to melt, just wanted an idea of relative scales. I've spent 4x the amount of time explaining than i did to do the back of envelope envelope calculation

[@keeperxo]

Who was the Elder Dryas ?

[@phaethon3124]

the official story says that the sudbury impact and the glacial retreat happened a long time apart.i'm not so sure

[@gregoryhunter6002]

Did the Great Lakes exist before the asteroid impacts?

[@Valkyrie_71]

Depends when you mean.. they were forming as the laurentide ice sheet was depressing the land and they were filling as the ice was melting and retreating. But we don't know when or where exactly any impacts happened, if at all. They may have been many airbursts which wouldn't leave an impact crater. We would have to geoscan the entire country with sattelite gpr left to right, top to bottom, to find any depressions that could be impact sites, and Canada is a huge country. So $$$$. Now before the ice sheets were formed, the land in the great lakes region was just a bunch of shallow depressions except for an archaic version of lake Superior. It formed aeons earlier as a rift valley lake in the CNA rift system.

[@phaethon3124]

there is a theory that the carolina bays came from secondary impacts from glacial ice sprayed up after an asteroid hit.the long axis of these oval gouges all point towards somewhere near the great lakes....some say they are formed by wind and waves but the wind doesnt blow the same direction all the time and originate from a point source

[@Alarix246]

In following this story from many angles and youtubers, I often get confused the start of the Younger Dryas (12900 years ago) with the end of the Younger Dryas (11600 years ago). So the lake Nipigon seems to had been related to 12900 impact, while the Saginaw bay and Michigan lake are possibly related to 11600 impact. If I'm not mistaken, the ever confusing result is my question, why and how had these impacts happened twice to basically the same place? I understand that a comet on impact course with Earth hits where it hits, and its remnants, which are on the same path remain on its merry way. Now when its similar sized parts come around the Earth 1300 years later, they impact the Earth again from the same angle. That males sense so far. But this case presumes that the Earth had to be turned/positioned towards the comet not only in the same angle, which means not only the same season of the year, but also the very same hour of the day! Does anyone have a logical explanation of such possibility? At the same time, this might even imply that some more parts of the same comet might had come 1300 years prior to the YD, and also 1300 years after it, on the same day, albeit with less destructive result. However such evidence would be brilliant as one of the complementary events and proofs of the hypothesis. Are we sure there was no small impact at 10300 years ago?

[@justinstuart8382]

I think everyone does mate it's taken me ages to get my head around it. I can recommend George Howard's Cosmic Tusk website. It's a good read through.

[@mohairsam9705]

It flooded every year for 300yrs ..

[@IronicallyVague]

Sounds like we have a strong possibility that the next Dryas impact will hit North America again, Would explain why no megalithic structures

[@jasoncie4926]

From what I've seen it's more of a massive long meteor stream and just un lucky that it got hit twice

[@IronicallyVague]

@@jasoncie4926 But the Egyptian Scholars told Plato there were several stages when the entire civilization on Earth was wiped out? 4 times was it? I sense an unpleasant recurring theme here

[@user-ud2ij7ro5c]

Tons of copper was mined there?

[@aaronstandingbear]

Amethyst in the only location in Canada near Oimet Canyon. I still have a piece I got digging around 50 years ago. We found quite a bit of it.

[@johndenver5029]

The middle aged dryas was way more destructive than the younger dryas

[@zzzzBadBoyzzzz]

Dependant on the type of astroid or comet, an impact into 1-2 mile thick ice sheet, IMO an explosion on ice, would essentially take on the characteristics of an air burst, or this case a ice burst which would leave little evidence of cosmic materials within the ice burst area, but rather most of any cosmic materials would have exploded outwards, and upwards back up into the atmosphere along with ice, and other earthy materials... landing who knows where? Pluse that whole ice sheet area over the earth would have spred the force of that impact outwards aswell, that whole area could have acted like an ice sheet over a gigantic trampoline, hurling even more materials upwards, after the initial explosion. Add to that ice burst impact area: catastrophic floods, and 12k years of erosion. What type of cosmic materials could you find today?

[@michaelstiller2282]

I would imagine an ice sheet impact would involve a lot of steam with no place to go. The initial fraction of seconds would create compressed steam which would act like a reverberating water hammer. Sending shockwaves through the bed rock. Any cracks would be pathways. Literally turning the bed rock into a pressure cooker.

[@zzzzBadBoyzzzz]

@michaelstiller2282 the amount of actual cosmetic material penetration into the earth, if any. Would greatly depend on it's mass and composition.

[@baldhead7705]

Put-in-Bay Ohio the Bedrock on the island you can still see the scratch marks from the glacier that was moving through there

[@OmnisLibertas]

Does this impact point align with the Carolina bays?

[@TheSoCalYeti]

What are your thoughts on mega tsunamis? If an asteroid or airburst broke off a huge chunk of ice straight into the ocean the tsunami could be more than a mile high

[@KJ-oj6bp]

I observed an interesting resemblance of dormant geysers and the richat structure. What if the eye of the Sahara was a massive geyser that flooded the earth?

[@abj136]

I don’t know if it could have been a geyser, but there’s no chance it was big enough to flood the earth.

[@orwhat24]

Someone buy Randall a lapel microphone. Please.

[@annewitkowski7586]

This was recorded 5 years ago. He has made changes since.

[@jacobcontreras458]

Was this recent?

[@ryanoneill291]

Randall, Brad, if the YDIH is true, and I believe it to be, and we take what Graham Hancock says that "fragments of a disintegrating comet" entered the atmosphere over North America, then it stands to reason that perhaps we're not only looking for one crater, we could be looking for a string of craters much like Shoemaker Levy-9 sprayed rocks across a swath of Jupiter. The crater at Nipigon described in this talk may not account for the collapse of the entire ice sheet all at once but several strikes would surely do it. I believe Lac Saint.Jean in Quebec is another impact from the same comet, as is lake of the woods on the Manitoba/Ontario border. These craters may not all be from the YD time period but if it is a recurring stream that Earth passes through annually then the crater path would be consistent over time. I marked on this map certain features that I think could be a part of this comet stream. I'd love to know your thoughts on it, some are pretty compelling I think. I also took a stab at the Tunguska impact site and found similar crater like features along a different path as well. Love your work man, keep it coming, eyes are opening!! :) www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1euVxz8ThRe5MMHP1FGAUEq_cB8yO467u&usp=sharing

[@ryanoneill291]

Oh and strangely enough if the path is extended around the Earth it crosses directly over the Richat Structure as well as other features in Africa and ends in Melbourne Australia before crossing the Pacific back to the West Coast of NA. It creates an equatorial line around the planet.

[@Alarix246]

Hmmm, spot on, and my opinion os that all these impacts were made of ice strewn with gravel. The amount of water contained therein might explain the missing water in the calculation of rise of the oceanic levels. I also said in another comment somewhere above this: "In following this story from many angles and youtubers, I often get confused the start of the Younger Dryas (12900 years ago) with the end of the Younger Dryas (11600 years ago). So the lake Nipigon seems to had been related to 12900 impact, while the Saginaw bay and Michigan lake are possibly related to 11600 impact. If I'm not mistaken, the ever confusing result is my question, why and how had these impacts happened twice to basically the same place? I understand that a comet on impact course with Earth hits where it hits, and its remnants, which are on the same path remain on its merry way. Now when its similar sized parts come around the Earth 1300 years later, they impact the Earth again from the same angle. That males sense so far. But this case presumes that the Earth had to be turned/positioned towards the comet not only in the same angle, which means not only the same season of the year, but also the very same hour of the day! Does anyone have a logical explanation of such possibility? At the same time, this might even imply that some more parts of the same comet might had come 1300 years prior to the YD, and also 1300 years after it, on the same day, albeit with less destructive result. However such evidence would be brilliant as one of the complementary events and proofs of the hypothesis. Are we sure there was no small impact at 10300 years ago?" So, your comment explains my question: how come the Great lakes region had been impacted in the same hour exactly 1300 years later? Because, according to you, the comet was raining down over the entire day! Worth noticing that your suggested target plane (through Richat) includes directly the Azores/Atlantis! All we need is to validate the impact dates for all these craters.

[@mohairsam9705]

60impact sites have been Identified on the Nth American Continent .. Impacts were not responsible for The Nth Hemisphere Rapid Ice melt, sheepi can't think for themselves, an accept Randal's impact theory as gospel.. It's misinformation.. 60IMPACT SITES IDENTIFIED ... over how many millions of yrs ... You see where this is going..

[@oO_jB_Oo]

Just a thought, at gobekli tepe , there's a T-stone with three birds, and some stars... could there have been three meteor strikes, in the younger D.?

[@zemog1025]

Lake Pleistocenebegone.

[@scottpike9009]

DEW, recently.

[@NiKLGRYPH]

MEGAFAUNA

[@joenicotera2991]

Thank you Dr Randy, for reminding me that the entire concept of the science archeology involves a stress on what I don't know. Let us for a moment, this moment being one where the Earth has a temporary minor planet trapped in its orbit, for a moment let us consider oversight insidious to our sciences. For example, the sun is "the center of our solar system," is mathematical convenience but not actually the fact. In this case, the fact is that if we were calculating tides the Earth is the major component and the moon is the minor component, the Earth being the most often overlooked and the sun is also a minor component but isn't of practical necessity. Studying what information that we actually have, as you have been, is the necessity because the mathematicians will eventually only juggle their math. This will happen a long time before the sun is actually a significant component. As I said, this is an insidious characteristic to our science. Now, being the present, you are also in the process of several counts of centering the solar system. In this case centering around "The KT boundary." This practice should, of course, have several other components to be looking for. For one, because the only real data that we have is that the asteroid that caused Chelyabinsk event was not travelling alone. Add to this that the Earth has a natural "ring" to its harmonics that appears similar to the orbit of Apophis. The, of course is scientific a way of determination that uses the existing data. Suppose that we were to look on both sides of the KT boundary layer with a different instrument than the usual. Instead of dating it, we look at the carbon dioxide that was dissolved in the rock. Yes, carbon dioxide is soluble in water and rock, consisting of mostly silica dioxide, has water dissolved in it. However, if the amount of Carbon dioxide dissolved in the silicates suddenly changed then something about the conditions that the rock formed in also changed. This should appear obvious and wouldn't cause any headlines at the national Enquirer, but it would get us a calibration point for a somewhat different tool. Suppose, just for a moment, assume! That we have all been making the mistake of copying a textbook that is altogether wrong. WHAT IF, comets and asteroids are also temporarily trapped in a orbit only in this case it is the Sun's gravity that is the major component. THEN the appearance that Apophis is a significant value isn't as correct as the volume of material being the significance. How would this appear? If it were the case then the ratio of dissolved oxygen isotopes in the rock, not the "carbon 14", that would define the KT layer. Is the oxygen in a comet any different than the oxygen in the ocean? It should be, it either hasn't been in orbit around the sun OR! IT'S A PRODUCT OF MILLIONS OF YEARS OF THE SUN'S MASS CORONAL EJECTIONS. (Plese take into account that we currently have mor than one moon in the sky.)

[@Alarix246]

I have read your entire comment and don't get what you meant. I would almost bet my shoes that you have Asian descent? Seems to me like your logic is very different. I don't mean to criticise - just expressing my astonishment over how someone can write so much, yet it is unintelligible to my logic. One of the intriguing situations in my life.

[@mohairsam9705]

Concerning the tides, the 2major components are the Sun an the planet, the moon is irrelevant. Other than that, I'm with you Dude, I've no idea what he's on about.

[@joenicotera2991]

@@Alarix246 Probably because I'm not the best writer. I'm at least having an off day. (I was born in NY, Mohawk River valley.) Here, my magic decoder ring: First paragraph should always describe the subject. Main body should always include the subject. Closing paragraph should always enforce the first paragraph. Usually when I'm writing comment I don't proofread, because nobody ever reads them anyways. However, my style never really changes form. So, going back to do a proofread, I'd say it is all me. Here, you try writing it...I'll describe. (Different standard essay form, this one is expensive.) : 1) "Dr Randy" is an inside thing...reminds him that we are students and students are important customers. 2) There is no way that our data is correct, and our misinterpretation went wrong someplace. Nobody even knew what a dinosaur was two hundred years ago or that asteroids frequently struck the Earth. There wasn't even a good enough world map for "Plate tectonics" to have existed. Therefore (Back to subsection 1, paragraph 1), therefore our textbooks are wrong. (This kisses the Profs ass, we want a good grade.) 3) With years of hard work, he already did his part. (Wipe the shit off my nose) The data we need is already in his notes. 4) New technology---->Now this one is going to take a bit of work to explain. For one, besides getting an A, Doctorates are expected to get funding by a process of writing. One of the things that they need to write is what they want the university to ask for money to do. "Well, Dr 'C14' aint gonna help...and you really get pissed off when all of the other colleges get money for the iridium thing. Did you think that carbon isn't the only of the radio isotopes that needs further work?" (If the solar system has Brown dwarfs in the local neighborhood, then the Sun is a newcomer to a preexisting neighborhood.) Give it a shot, he might be a real good English teacher and decide to grad your homework.

[@markmulligan571]

I have been following you on KZbin for decades. I should include you in my bibliography or acknowledgment chapters. I think the latter would suit you . I will just fawn over you for a sentence there. I will look for your preferred copyright text. It's probably on facebook,. I don't use facebook. Anyhoo, please get one of your superbright sherpas to label all your maps and geophotos with a clear, kilometer * X scale across the bottom. I caught you saying "near Thunder Bay" and sat entranced by your presentation from there on. So have no idea of map/photo scale except 400 foot scouring. Please have someone label all your graphics clearly as to scale. Bravo. I have commended you before. You just keep getting better.

[@achilleos1]

Graduated high school with a 4.0 GPA. Went on to a Military College and led men in combat. I listened to audiobooks and stayed in touch with science in every way. This man has been an un-thankable selfless hero and your sweaty palms grease our eyes? Bitch, be gone. Are you a ghoul of bullshit? Sir? Your sneering sarcasm lets me know you sweaty palms ain’t shit for a real man like RANDALL CARLSON that I look up to. I forgive you for the apple, that’s it. What a fool………..

[@achilleos1]

^downvote this dumbass. Randall, the intelligent appreciates your patience friend. Keep doing GODS work brotha….

[@m.pearce3273]

Still ignoring that it's all due to the suns micro nova 12900 years ago

[@Zederok]

What do you mean? You need to post context and/or links if you're gonna post a rebuttal.

[@charliemihai5471]

@@Zederok Why? The comet theory is not settled. There is a high probability that there was a combined multi-event between a super flare, comets, meteorites, cosmic rays and other disastrous connections between those listed and others that we are slowly starting to discover. Randall is armored when it comes to these things, but he is probably waiting for more information from this point of view which appears more and more if you follow the subject closely.

[@charliemihai5471]

Ask yourself this: if a massive, direct solar coronal mass ejection reaches the planet when we are no longer protected by the continuously and rapidly declining planetary magnetic field, what happens? Could they look and act like worlds destroyer similar to comets/meteorites?

[@BagOfEyebrows]

He's not ignoring it, you've just ignored him saying in many recent podcasts that he doesn't rule it out as part of the situation that happened. A comet is also part of the equation due to numerous artworks/myths and stories that have survived, along with scientific evidence of an impact event. A solar micro nova could have also happened in conjunction with it. I think you should maybe listen to more of Randall's discussions before accusing him of ignoring anything.

[@Valkyrie_71]

Buddy that is complete mis-information that has been going around and posted by channels, looking for monetization. They will post anything and rely on naive people who will believe absolutely anything. Our sun is a class G yellow dwarf and it cannot micronova. Yes, micronovae are real, they are thermonuclear explosions on the surface of a sun. But they have only been observed on white dwarf suns in a close (orbiting) binary system with a class M brown or red dwarfs. Micronovae are only possible when the gravity of the white dwarf sun pulls material away from the brown dwarf, and as it does, it concentrates at the poles and causes these explosions. Our sun is, in galactic terms, a very stable star about middle age. And while it does exhibit stronger solar activity (flares and CME's - see Carrington event) in cycles of 11 years, It won't become a white dwarf for another 5 billion years. Even then, it would have to capture another star somehow, to become a binary system, but human life won't be around on the planet to witness that. About 85% of suns are born as twin, triplet or more systems, orbiting around each other, and its weird that ours is a single. The sun may have had a twin very long ago, and astronomers think that star HD186302 is the suns long lost twin. It is 184-185 light years away in the constellation of Heraclese. It is the same age, so a yellow dwarf, and spectrum as our sun.

[@Chris_guy95]

Probably a mega volcano eruption

[@baneverything5580]

Around 13,000 years ago one created a huge crater lake in Germany. It`s inflating again and gasses are beginning to bubble up from the bottom. I believe it`s called Eiffel Volcano.

[@mmdurfee]

In my estimation a meteor impact is a distinguishing geological feature the likes of any streamlined erosional residual, pothole, imbricating or anastomosing paleo current indicators. ☄🌠💥🏞🔎📏