What The First Year In A Mars Colony Will Be Like

[@TheSpaceRaceYT]

So.. 1st year on Mars will be challenging to say the least. Would you sign up to be there for it or would you rather watch from here on Earth?

[@xiphactinusaudax1045]

Stay on Earth

[@craigh2205]

wait until there is a city then i will go

[@clayongunzelle9555]

I just hope I'm alive when you make your first video on Mars 😁😁👍

[@markschroter2640]

Personally I think rotating space habs are the way to go, then we can pick and choose moons and planets to colonize at our leisure. Space is where humanity will become great, planets are for cows.

[@Acilius.]

I'd be on the first free seat there! :-)

[@stevec404]

We do land on mars with humans in my lifetime. I will be 74 next month. I watched the first moon landings. We can do this. Emergencies and the unforeseen will challenge those on Mars for at least the first generation. How well they are prepared to instantly respond will dictate their fate. Not unlike submarine training...all must be 100% proficient in every aspect of the venture. When 'all hands' are needed, there will be no time for a learning curve. I am particularly interested in their exploration of the planet. Many questions about the rovers and their photos have yet to be answered. It is my hope that complete transparency will prevail. That may be the only pipe dream about this entire adventure.

[@beenchillin2yill197]

Well happy belated birthday man. Hopefully you'll be around when it happens. :)

[@bipolarbear9917]

From another Steve who'll be 65 next month and also watched the Moon landings. Seems we both want to bookend our lives by reliving the awe and wonder of those days in the 1960s, 70s and beyond. We all thought right, we've ticked the Moon box, now we'll be on Mars in maybe the next 20 years, but here we are still waiting. Elon is definitely our best bet with Spacex and Starship. It's interesting to note that all of Elon's companies have an application that will be important to colonizing Mars; e.g. Heavy lift rockets, EVs, robotics, solar, batteries, tunnelling and more. Instead of wasting money on wars, we should be investing money on advanced technologies, science, engineering and exploration. Fingers crossed we're both still around in the mid 2030's. Lol!

[@stevec404]

@@bipolarbear9917 - I plan to be here....hope you are too!

[@Vjx-d7c]

Awesome man maybe some medical technology breakthrough will make you live 74 or more years longer

[@bipolarbear9917]

@@stevec404 I hope so, but some days I wonder. Getting old is not fun when you realize your body just doesn't work the way it used to in your youth. Lol! 'May the Force be with you brother".

[@thelonelyrogue3727]

No satellite is going to get rid of the communications delay, considering a large part of the delay is caused by the limited speed of light.

[@mrbaab5932]

I think he meant the delay when the sun is blocking the path directly between Mars and 🌎. He kind of showed a diagram of that, but it is usually called a black out in communications.

[@ajward137]

@@mrbaab5932 ...So the trick is to put a relay somewhere useful...say in Venus orbit or at Sun-Earth L5.

[@orange_turtle3412]

Technically, due to the speed of the satellite’s computers having slower than light processing, having satellites actually lengthens the communication delay, even if by an almost immeasurably tiny amount.

[@jmarksproul]

In a direct line, t will take 4:40 mins for com signals to reach Mars from Earth - if they can travel at the speed of light, (light from sun to Mars = 13 mins; to Earth = 8 mins, 20 secs. So 13 - 8:20 = 4 mins & 40 secs.)

[@orange_turtle3412]

@@jmarksproul Yes. That is the absolute possible minimum. Unless we figure out how to induce quantum entanglement, no form of communication between earth and mars will ever go faster than a direct line light speed signal.

[@clayongunzelle9555]

when you talked about Elon musk saying robots would be more valuable than cars I just imagine a robot holding me in it's arms and running with me to work

[@Machiavelli2pc]

Awwwww

[@creakycracker]

Robot Rickshaw. :)

[@rickv4473]

And when you get to work you'll find your ride to work is also your replacement, so you gotta wait around till his shift ends to get a piggyback ride back home.

[@clayongunzelle9555]

@@Machiavelli2pc ikr🤣🤣🤣🖐🏾

[@bryanramey2438]

I always dream of owning 50 robots and renting them out to fast food joints.

[@pacospete4299]

If things don't change and we are patient, we ALL will be able to view a Mars-like landscape right here .......

[@xxss97ssxx]

Between this channel and The Tesla Space, I’m not sure how you’re able to consistently push out high-quality and intriguing content. Great work!

[@TheSpaceRaceYT]

Thanks Saif! Means a lot :)

[@melvinvanhaperen9555]

Couldn't agree more

[@Alderite]

Agreed Definitely

[@tommoore2012]

Agree whole-heartedly.

[@paulsmith9192]

@The Space Race musk keeps saying,2024.when he wants to send humans

[@ModernDayGeeks]

With the distance and passage of time being entirely different, the first generation of people who will live on Mars will truly be living in a different timeline! Awesome video!

[@djackman4229]

Possibly similar in some ways to the people who colonised Australia hundreds of years ago by sailing ship. They had the best skills and technology of the time, guts and determination, but very cut off by distance and difficulty.

[@mrbaab5932]

​@@djackman4229 I thought Australia was inhabited before Europe by Homo Sapiens.

[@ug9191]

Man on Mars is decades away, not just a few years. I'll let Elon know.

[@mannyalejo772]

SpaceX will have to test both unmanned landing on Mars and returning to Earth before sending crew to Mars. That will take about 3 or 4 intervals of 26 months, so sometime in 2030s at best.

[@Underledge]

It would be advisable to accomplish this on the moon first.

[@MrNote-lz7lh]

@@Underledge Why? The moon is a completely different environment with it's own set of problems.

[@DanielAppleton-lr9eq]

@@Underledge Why aren't we REHEARSING THIS ON THE MOON ?

[@nikolatasev4948]

I don't think we're going to have humans on Mars by 2030. SpaceX is working hard on the transportation part, which makes all the other issues exponentially easier, and there is some research done on the payload part (MOXIE, 3D printed habitats, some spacesuit work, etc.), but we will need a lot more to make a station that can survive for an entire year. For one thing, the first unmanned missions will need to offload equipment to supply power, and a lot of it. Power storage is relatively easy, but offloading and setting up a ton of solar panels, or wind turbines (both much weaker than their equivalents on Earth), or nuclear power plants (RNGs are heavy and weak, more traditional are not Mars ready) will require robots and I'm not sure the Tesla bots will be ready by then. Then you need to have a pipeline to create enough oxygen and water for the humans, and fuel production. I'm not sure if the landed rockets can be used for storage, but you will definitely need equipment on the ground. Gathering carbon from the air is easy enough, but the mission will require a massive ice-gathering and purifying operation. This all depends on scouting for a region rich in ice, if mining, transporting and processing the underground ice (as the video mentions, surface ice sublimates) takes too much energy, there won't be enough for turning the ice into fuel. And we haven't even started designing the needed rovers to gather the said ice. The human lander will probably need a landing pad cleared, and transponders so it can land accurately. An easier task, compared to the others, but again, we haven't even started development. So we will probably need a decade to design and test an ice-gathering, fuel processing and refueling infrastructure on Mars before the first humans set foot. We will learn a ton of ways how NOT to do stuff. I have mad respect for SpaceX's ability to design things quickly, but sending hardware to test on location can only happen once every two years, and this severely limits their rapid prototyping workflow. For the next few years SpaceX will focus on Starship and Starlink, and they won't start significant work on Mars in that time. I don't see anyone else with the capacity and will to take them. None of these problems is a showstopper, but they all need resources and time. So, maybe 2040ish?

[@tacct1kk715]

Yeah people are delusional if they think this is happening anytime soon sure we'd be capable not too long from now but for it to be done properly will take much more time

[@aidanmargarson8910]

so firstly build x number of starships with sufficient nuclear power to run the whole colony for 10 years if the US can have 50 submarines running for over 20 years successfully they can surely adopt for a space mission *and yes there will be design issues space isn't water but design them to be auto-landing auto take-off that immediately then gives them time to set up solar and everything else for the long term, same goes for moxie fuel and water, you build it into the ship you send the ships ahead, you build a working mining solution using drones that come from a drone ship you send robots to do it and then you don't have the stress of doing all the human survival shit, either you have them so they are ai automated or controlled directly from orbit .. no fuss no muss *and yes its all very hard but at the same time its not going to take another 20 years

[@nikolatasev4948]

@@aidanmargarson8910 "if the US can have 50 submarines running for over 20 years successfully they can surely adopt for a space mission" One of the most critical parts of nuclear power is cooling. In a submarine or a ship you just run water through the reactor (a bit more complicated than that, but in a nutshell). In space you need a passive way to cool the reactor. On Mars you have a thin atmosphere, which helps, but also Martian dust, which may coat the radiators and clog the filters. Again, not impossible to solve, simply lifting the reactor from the sub and flying it to Mars does not solve the problem. Not to mention submarine reactors are not designed for the vibrations and g forces of launch and landing. It will take time, and I haven't seen anyone even starting the work. "you build a working mining solution using drones that come from a drone ship you send robots to do it" That's the idea. But even the most automated mining solutions right now have humans doing the maintenance. It will take time to develop the robots and systems to automate mining on Mars, and I don't know of anyone even making a prototype of such a system. "its all very hard but at the same time its not going to take another 20 years" We won't know until we try it out. In my view, such projects always take a lot more time and money than they are planned for. The earlier we start, the better. After all, nine mothers do not deliver a baby in one month, if you start later with twice as many people you don't get the job done in half the time. Right now we don't even know what problems will arise during development.

[@aidanmargarson8910]

@@nikolatasev4948ok so you are worried about cooling .. on mars which is -60 degrees C? *as said this is going to be the apollo mission of this century, also please note that estimates of how long things take actually don't work because most of the work is done at the end of the project .. take the genome for an example? also keep in mind the times we now live in, accelerating returns do seem to be working? I don't know that we are disagreeing here, are there going to be problems to solve? absolutely was there anything I suggested that breaks the laws of physics?

[@aidanmargarson8910]

plus there are already nuclear power units in space we just have to scale them up?

[@4thInches]

I don't have much hope that a martian colony will come to fruition in my lifetime. I'm not even old, I just expect a lot of as yet unforeseen challenges to continue to push the date ever into the future.

[@TraditionalAnglican]

Elon has $150+ Billion he’s willing to spend on colonizing Mars, and he doesn’t have to deal with Congressional demands to use expensive & inefficient things like SLS, Orion & LOP-G. Almost all of NASA’s delays have come from Congress, which has made things so incredibly expensive & complicated that it would have been extremely difficult even with the same budget NASA had from 1964 - 1969 adjusted for inflation!

[@Georgi-Slavov]

Its simply way too dangerous, nobody will risk it before 2100 at least.

[@AC-vw8uh]

@@Georgi-Slavovelon musk is

[@audience2]

Energy supply for the Mars base is the problem that is insufficiently addressed. They have to bring nuclear power with them to stay warm and supply base operations.

[@vidyaishaya4839]

Nuclear power is definitely a good idea, and will be required for a large bsae of operations with a lot of mining and manufacturing. Another option is to put solar panels or mirrors in staionary orbit, and send the energy down to a receiver station. Power is the biggest deal in building permanent settlements anywhere in space.

[@jedi4049]

RTGs

[@OneOfDisease]

I think nuclear power would have its own problems, it works great in space (in small scale) if you can shield it from the heat of the sun. Mars has a very thin atmosphere which is not good at dissipating the heat generated in traditional nuclear processes; on earth with our much thicker atmosphere we use water to dissipate a lot of the excess heat and when our nuclear power plants have a sudden malfunction that limits water bad things happen. On Mars the margins for error will be much slimmer.

[@vidyaishaya4839]

Smaller nuclear power plants have been developed. These are for use on space and for smaller cities on earth. RTG nuclear power has already been used for spacecraft. Using it for a small base on the moon or Mars is perfect.

[@johnallen8248]

@@OneOfDisease That's a good point I've never thought of. Nuclear plants pretty much always use a river to keep it cool. And reactors used on carriers and subs are literally surrounded by infinite water.

[@antonnym214]

Correction to your assertion that water can't exist in a liquid state. If you get to the bottom of Valles Marineris, or Hellas Basin, then the air is thick enough to support liquid water on the surface between 32 and 50°F / 0-10°C. Indeed, we have ESA and NASA/ISSS/JPL pictures showing liquid water on the surface. There's a sort of famous picture of a crater full of water which is partially frozen, and it is easy to visually differentiate the liquid and frozen. I specifically refer to MRO photo ESP_04831_1930_RGB; but there are many more.

[@viljokanniainen3090]

The theorethical time for a signal to reach earth from mars or vice versa is 3 - 22,3 minutes (I did the math so you don't have to). So it depends a lot if the planets are close to eachother or not. If the planets are farthest away from one another we can't communicate faster than with 22,3 minutes of delay no matter how advanced the starlinks are...

[@vidyaishaya4839]

Three relay satellites in Earth orbit at L3, L4 and L5 can relay a signal from anywhere in the solar system. L3 is opposite the Earth, while and L4 and L5 are 60 degrees ahead and behind the Earth.

[@c187rocks]

@@vidyaishaya4839 Yeah, but realistically we only put one up for the first set of missions, if at all. Plus, we still need to do more testing of deep-space laser communication before we park a relay. The best we've done, if I'm remembering correctly, is hit an altimeter on Messenger 2.4 X 10^7 km away during a flyby. Everything else has been in LEO, GEO, or Lunar. For what it's worth, I wouldn't be surprised if the mission psychologist recommends a system with good throughput just so the astronauts can download media and family videos. It would be suitable for their mental health.

[@friedgreenaliernwomerns2600]

blah blah yap yap yap mr KZbin scientist LMAO!!!😂😂😂😂😂😂😄😃🙄🙄🙄🙄

[@friedgreenaliernwomerns2600]

It be take 50 million years to send uh signul to a plce so far away in the unuvirse. Mares is the end of the unuvirse dumdum (BLACK LIVES MATTER) Pray for God

[@JamesEdwards780]

Radio waves travel at the speed of light in space. So using a laser link will make no difference in round trip signal time. lasers will only increase the download speed due to the higher bandwidth of optical coms. Presuming a space laser link can have the same bandwidth as a fibre link here on earth.

[@hadimohamed4383]

L4 and L5 can help to retain the connectivity between Earth and Mars when the sun is in middle.

[@SuLokify]

Or a few satellites in a very high polar orbit in equal phase

[@aaronak2005]

Great video as always!

[@jbird6609]

I am an old man and i have wanted to go to mars most of my life, looks like now we have a possibility. Being in construction i know how things go together. My opinion is they are making habitats too complicated. My option would be a plastic bag inflated, covered with sprayed on rigid foam, then covered with soil. Layed out like a military base in rows and columns. 2 doors in every habitat. Redundancy encase of failure. Agri-buildings have shelves with crops growing aqua-ponically under LED lights. A small Nuclear power plant a must, Extruders using spray foam and soil to make artificial boards for shelves and furniture. First crews build for the next crews, Remember the puritans?.

[@KateeAngel]

Remember the puritans, who would all die without help of indigenous people, and then after only few generations they started genociding those same indigenous people who had helped them. And now your history books lie about how whites did everything themselves

[@mjleger4555]

Things COULD be simplified, but how long would humans tolerate that style of living?! All that takes power! Whether it's electrical power, wind power, water power, like we have here on Earth, it must be constructed and proved successful before people can expect to live wherever in space they decide to try! And what about oxygen, and water, medicine and drugs for unexpected accidents, there's a gillion things to consider, plan for, experiment with, before taking the chance of losing human lives far off of Planet Earth for any length of time, much less permanently! We've been very lucky so far, except for the Challenger and Columbia incidents, but far more than just dreams are needed before we take on that huge project OFF of and away from our comfortable ability to live off of our own Planet Earth permanently! And what if we need to come back to Earth in a hurry?! We already know that living off the gravity of Earth for a year damages bones, organs and the brain to a degree. Just getting back and forth from a planet in space takes a LOT of time! Sure, we'll have faster rockets in time, but it's still a very long distance from Earth to another planet; interplanetary travel and habitation are two different things and likely still far off for habitation. Also, and it is probable that more human lives will be lost attempting and reaching those lofty goals.

[@barrywhittingham6154]

You'd really want to send at least some cargo and automated construction equipment on the first flight to Mars. Test the landing, refueling and Martian launch for a full round trip before sending a manned flight. That would be adding just over two years between that first flight and a manned flight (assuming I got my orbital math right for lowest-energy transfer).

[@mrbaab5932]

Yes, and start some robots or rovers harvesting water and oxygen plus maybe some fuel and metal harvesting.

[@barrywhittingham6154]

@@mrbaab5932 That's exactly it. When the manned mission flies, the refueling station will already be there and known to be working.

[@jameskrellwitz3590]

We can't maintain life in a biodome on this planet. But somehow we're gonna do it on Mars.

[@ami2evil]

I agree, people are being ridiculous about this, it's simply not possible... We need to take care of Earth, not wasting resources on this nonsense that is simply not possible, it's a sci-fi dream...

[@KateeAngel]

Yeah why not perfect life-support systems first, and then send people to such a dangerous trip? Somehow SpaceX and all other companies think the rockets are the most important thing! But the real problem is life-support and protection from radiation

[@dhouggy]

Lasers might increase the bandwidth to Mars, but not the lag (5-20 minutes depending on our relative position). Radio waves also travel at the speed of light (in a vacuum).

[@Metal_craft_fpv]

You can't speed up communication with mars... you can't make the speed of light faster... I mean you could increase the amount of data you can send over a period of time. But it would still take the same of time to get between the planets.

[@peterskinner1325]

It would be more like email

[@kenchesnut4425]

Seems to me that a very simple solution is right in the face of NASA concerning mars habitat.. Bigelow inflatable habitat...i think they have so much potential it's crazy...luv the show

[@TzarBomb]

6:23 NO!!! light speed is the problem! so... there is no solution. Mars-Earth orbit: Closest recorded approach: 3 minutes. ("of lag time") Farthest approach: 22 minutes. ("of lag time")

[@kj55]

It is a hell of a time to be alive. Hell even star link. I just wish I could see another hundred years into the future. Hell if you would have told me 30 years ago about the internet I wouldn't have believed you.

[@nickoutram6939]

The first Mars bases should be made out of all the Starships that have landed as test landers or cargo ships in the previous years -there could be dozens of them. The internal space will be a lot more than the ISS for example, especially if they use blow up modules like the ISS Bigalow unit to expand the capacity. One of the most useful 'toys' that they will take will be something powerful enough to push or haul an empty Starship into position.

[@TraditionalAnglican]

They’ll be producing Rocket fuel on Mars, and we can do inflatable habs or those built on Mars from Martian Materials

[@solifugus]

Mars is flush with water ice... at least 2 liters of it in every cubic meter of regolith (varified by multiple rovers)... And of course the glaciers striping the equatorial regions are mostly just water ice. Vallis Marinaris' floor was also recently discoverd to have large quantities of water ice mixed in with its regolith.

[@greenwolf401]

As far as water goes, you have to remember that these habitats are going to be totally self contained, so ALL waste is going to have to be recycled, purified and reused. They just need to figure out how to do that to maximize the efficiency so that little or nothing is wasted.

[@alaunaenpunto3690]

Just surviving on another planet for a whole year is an accomplishment and not something to be downplayed.

[@sundog70]

I saw something about an oxygen canister that releases oxygen by a very hot chemical reaction. It is used on submarines. I'm pretty sure that has already been considered, but I still would like to know.

[@MrMadmanUSA]

SpaceX can use the same waste water recycling system that they use on the ISS which can reduce the amount of water they need to bring by a large factor.

[@philbundy2923]

Something I never hear addressed is how do they plan to get around the fact the regolith on Mars is toxic to both plant and animal.

[@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands]

you can quench it with water, but for that you will need ...water..

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

for me the funniest thing is that such channels imagine SpaceX spending billions on this colonization project, as if it was a non-profit organization😃

[@crazyjkass]

@@იოსებხანუკაშვილი I assumed Elon Musk would be spending billions on it so he could be the emperor of Mars.

[@zaugitude]

@@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlandsthis would be OK for soils to grow food in but there is still the issue of keeping it out of the environment and the logistics of it clinging to suits,etc..

[@horsebee1]

Before Mars the obvious step is the moon. On the moon we can perfect the equipment that we will need on Mars plus stepping off from the moon is a lot easer than from earth

[@TheClimbex]

I really like what you're doing on both of your channels. Easily in the top ten of the channels I know 👍

[@TheSpaceRaceYT]

Thanks Ben!

[@hmxr715]

They should construct a mars type base on the moon first an spend a couple of years there to test all the systems.

[@pugsan]

Great channel. The knowledge you provide along with your enjoyable narration is perfect. Subbed. Thank you.

[@viarnay]

We should go to the Moon first and Mars maybe at the end of the century if we are still alive and can afford it.

[@charlesrovira5707]

@7:40 If we position relay satellites at the *Martian* L3 and L4 points, we get rid of the, uh, inconvenience of the *Sun* obstructing a direct link between *Earth* and *Mars.*

[@hadimohamed4383]

L4 and L5 not L3

[@miroslavmilan]

Yep, thought about that too. It will further increase the latency but better than no link at all.

[@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands]

who need direct contact, we colonized the East indies, writing letters on paper, that took half a year to be delivered... and did that 400 years long...

[@johnj3699]

Maybe construct some sort of magneto generating apparatuses to orbit in Martian space and deflect the solar winds. This being due to mars not having an iron core.

[@spacechannelfiver]

You dont need that much water in a closed system like a Starship as most of it will get purified and recycled like on the ISS. It's useful to carry a bunch however as a big tank of it will be useful shielding against radiation from solar flares and help mitigate some of the risk of all of the crew getting cooked and developing cancer. There is an extremely elevated risk of radiation induced cancer during the transit, and also on the surface as there is no magnetosphere; so you'll want long term colonies to be underground in tunnels.

[@jacekdombrowski6616]

About the water: It won't disapper. The colonies will probably be a closed system, so water will cycle similar to what it does on earth.

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

seems the author doesn't understand some basics of environment, like that we can get oxygen from martian air, but that our breathable air is mostly nitrogen and that N is also crucial for plants; this gets somehow little attention, but we'll need to source a lot of nitrogen for a Mars colony.

[@ba2724]

Or an easier method: they can just drink urine straight. No need for complicated recycling/filtering systems, and as a bonus, they will capture all the nutrients passed within urine. Let's not BS each other, lots of couples are into Golden Showers here on Earth, so this is just taking its logical progression.

[@ejon]

I can't get enough of your videos 🤩

[@tehcman]

This will be achieved because of spaceX, if I wasn’t 61, and in my early 30s I would try like hell to go to mars.

[@vidyaishaya4839]

I'm old as well. Definitely the younger ones will be the first to go, but eventually anyone in good health will be able to get there. Live long and stay healthy! Prosper is also good. ;)

[@billotto602]

I'm very excited about a manned mission to Mars.I watched all the moon missions. And I agree with you, that if anybody can do it it will be Elon & Space X. I'm really intrigued by the idea of android robots to go ahead & at least start construction of a habitat if not completely build it. I'm hoping for it all to happen in the 2030's. I just turned 65 & amazed that I've lived this long. Come on Elon ! You can do it ! ❤️🙏🫡 🇺🇸

[@ronbyers9912]

I think we can land people on Mars in the next 7 years but I doubt we are going to do it. We aren't going to colonize the solar system until we can demonstrate an economic need. Greed is what drives sustainable exploration, not curiosity.

[@dirremoire]

Very true. A colony that will depend on Earth for just about everything will need to have something to trade. Mars just doesn't have anything we need.

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

And sure enough a for-profit guy like Musk isn't gonna spend his own billions for such an expensive endevour that has no economic gains😃 Mining the moon is the near future, not this.

[@samus598]

@@dirremoire it will cost minimum a million dollars per year per human on mars, probably much more. Even 1,000 people will probably cost a trillion per year, it is in no way profitable, and definitely isn't going to happen.

[@MrMadmanUSA]

if you look at what one person will need to survive the flight to mars + Spend 1 to 1-1/2 years on mars and return. It's like 3+ pallets 4' x 4' x 6' h. Add that space for each person and it adds up. I would guess they will not be able to send more then 12 people on a mission to mars. Just based on food and water needs.

[@mercerconsulting9728]

What I find sad is that we're about 40 years behind in space exploration. We should have been on Mars before the turn of the century.

[@leonardgibney2997]

At the time of Apollo science pundits predicted we would be shuttling tourists to and from the moon routinely by the year 2000.

[@KateeAngel]

Would never happen. Even in the best case scenario. Space is much more dangerous than what people 50 years ago imagined it to be. If you want to blame something for slow pace of space exploration, blame laws of physics and human physiology

[@philipmcneal473]

One thing you didn't mention -growing plants take in CO2 and give off oxygen. Given a medium growing area - plants could suppy some of the O2 needed to live there.

[@konradd8545]

The main problem I see with those timelines is that none of the technologies required for this exist (except tiny Moxie). Some technologies require extensive testing and many iterations of those before they are mature enough to be reliable and efficient enough for human use. Furthermore, our knowledge of Mars and it's geology (including ice water) is very limited so we have no idea what kind of obstacles those technologies might encounter. However, I do firmly believe, that Starship will open a whole new era of space (including Mars) exploration which will lead us to develop more suitable technologies to survive on Mars. I would say 2040 is more realistic. Also, I think Boston Dynamics would be much better option for space robots than Tesla Bot. They are light years ahead of SpaceX in terms of this technology with the knowhow and decades of experience and plenty of already very advanced array of robots.

[@markschroter2640]

The mechanics are impressive (with the boston dynamics bots), the AI is the real key though, I think Tesla will move past them in short order on that front. The tuck and roll stuff is just gyros.

[@konradd8545]

@@gags730 That's true. So far, Elon's view is that radiation on a long trip outside Earth's magnetosphere is 'not that big of a deal' 😂 Not to mention that he also severely downplays the terrible effects of no gravity on such a long trip. I think human presence on Mars will not be an option without multiple uncrewed research missions, followed by tens of uncrewed robotic missions trying to prepare infrastructure for human arrival. And then I think they can only travel there in a rotating space habitat. Otherwise they will be paraplegics on arrival like you mentioned.

[@hawkdsl]

@@konradd8545 It's reassuring to see other more practical thinking on the matter... however, it doesn't hurt to dream and mentally pretend such missions would be "so easy" to do. Dreamers get the people who actually make this stuff happen think about the problems... and how to solve them.

[@konradd8545]

@@hawkdsl Yes, you are totally right! We need dreamers like Elon who push humanity forward. Who take the impossible and make it possible. The reason for my comment is because there is plenty of SpaceX 'fanboys' channels and 99% of the videos they post are completely unrealistic. There is a fine line between (im)possible and straight-up nonsense 🙂

[@hawkdsl]

@@konradd8545 Agree 100%

[@StephenShumaker-yp3jd]

Your site is way above all others please do way more we crave infy

[@waywardgeologist2520]

The experiments done on the space station are in microgravity, not 1/3 G, so not really reliable as an indicator for growing plants on Mars. As for the oxygen part, a standard water electrolysis should do the trick. As for water on Mars, the planet contains a lot of it. Just need to land in a place where it is close to the surface. Now as for communication between Earth and Mars, just leave messages. We don't have the ability to send messages faster than light. As for that very brief window where the Sun is between Mars and the Earth, just route the messages through the Venusian colony. Yes, you read that right. If SpaceX is traveling to Mars then we should send ships to the Moon, Mercury, and Venus.

[@ian5576]

The water on Mars conatins about 6 times the deuterium as H2O here on Earth so could very well not be suitable for consumption through drinking it or by growing food people eat. There is no simple chemical process to change this isotopic concentration, it can only be done through physics and it is a pain in the a$$.

[@edwardlewis1963]

@5:28 "if starship has a max weight capacity of 100 tons and the teslabot weighs 125 then in theory ...." The word "pounds" or "kilograms" is missing.

[@patrickbrett66]

I think that harvesting water from Ice Asteroids would be a way to go, the simplest way is to just crash a butt load of Ice into Mars to increase the atmospheric moisture levels which can then ce condensed into clean liquid water, powdered electrolites and minerals can be added to make the water better for us in the long term. Also getting an Asteroid harvesting system up and running would help in other ways, raw materials for one thing, Mining on Mars may have some benefits but breaking up asteroids and dropping crates of the powdered stuff into the surface for easy porocessing will save a lot of time and energy. Just my though process running with an idea.

[@replica1052]

to collect asteroids before they vanish into the sun is a mission

[@patrickbrett66]

there's loads in the Kuiper belt

[@replica1052]

@@patrickbrett66 what happened to neptune - was the kuiper belt originally a planet that spun itself to pieces?

[@patrickbrett66]

If I knew the answer to that one I'd be an Astrophysicists LOL

[@replica1052]

@@patrickbrett66 (should jupiter, saturn, uranus and neptune fusion into a star interstellar travel be easy)

[@Nifilheimur]

No matter what uplink or downlink you use. Starlink or some other the time delay wont change at all. Laser or radio its all just diffrent wavelenght of light and the speed is the same so minimum two way communication delay is still about 6 minutes and over 40 when the earth and mars orbits are furthest apart. Also water is not that much of a problem as almost all water is reused. ISS reuses water constantly and has done so for over 20 years.

[@tonyhooyer8997]

Reading about people grabbing multi-figures monthly as income in investments even in this crazy days in the market,any pointers on how to make substantial progress in earnings?would be appreciated,

[@sandraken5250]

Great say on crypto and passive platforms 👍 my honest opinion is only promoting what is working.

[@bigog4559]

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[@bigog4559]

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[@bigog4559]

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[@albertpitts417]

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[@oliverlabares2646]

thanks for sharing ❤👍

[@Acilius.]

I love watching your videos - I love that there is someone out there (you) who is taking the time and putting forward the effort for indulging all of our fantasies and dreams. I truly believe that we will get there and that it's probably going to be the single greatest achievement - to also spurr the global perspective towards a unified future (I know, thinking even better and probably too optimistic; but, when you look around and see what's going on - I.e. The Ukraine situation amongst others, you look for hope that we can have something in this world that is a net good).

[@noth606]

there are 100% secure ways to purify water already for years, they are used on ships and boats. Nothing theoretical about it, they are used every day, they work on a high pressure venturi valve type setup, and you can even buy a hand operated one for small boats. Also regarding MOXIE, the efficiency scales with the size, this has been stated by members of the team who built it, so oxygen is a non-issue at this point.

[@FFNOJG]

there is no way to "increase speed of communication" between earth and mars... the speed of light is finite. 22 minutes is the max speed between earth and Mars. period. it takes light 8 min to get from the sun to the earth. so that's the communication time. there is no amount of relays that will speed this up.

[@Trev0r98]

"Yeah, but lasers in the vacuum of space!" (/sarcasm off)

[@ComaTwin]

With such an inhospitable Martian environment, networks of underground dwellings are probably safer at every level than above-ground structures. Not if, but when this project materializes, it will be a colossal achievement for humankind and it will yet be a giant leap from our 1969 first Moon landing.

[@dazuk1969]

If you want to put 100 tons of cargo on a starship the living space will be very confined and a very limited crew. Risking the wrath of the spacex club I also don't think I will see a human on Mars in my lifetime. I will quote Elon "the pace of innovation is to slow, and I am worried I won't see humans on Mars in my lifetime"...I agree.

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

It will take so many years before starships bring powerplants, ressource extraction and life support systems to Mars and then there will be so many years before those robots actually have a base ready for human use - and then the costs of all this🤯

[@dazuk1969]

@@იოსებხანუკაშვილი I agree, I know everyone gets carried away with what spacex is doing...and rightly so. But the challenges of sending humans to Mars, keeping them alive while they are there, and making sure they can return safely are immense. Not insurmountable, but it is further away than a lot of people realise. Thanks for reply.

[@MrGunderfly]

I think we will (physically) be in orbit around mars for a long time, maybe multiple years, before we actually go down to stay down. i believe we will establish a station in mars orbit first... this may even have / require spin gravity. With this, we will be able to have engineers and scientists interact in real time with robots and semi autonomous vehicles on or above the ground, dramatically improving our chances for the final "land a stay" moment. so IMHO the question to ask is "what will the first year at mars be like", rather than "first year on mars".

[@ProfezorSnayp]

What do you mean by "increasing the speed of communication"? The speed is already at its maximum - the speed of radio waves is the speed of light. I don't know how placing Starlink satellites around Mars would make any difference.

[@nikolatasev4948]

The signal speed (ping) is not going to change, but the bandwidth needs to dramatically increase. A manned mission to Mars will need to send and receive a lot more data than current Mars missions.

[@Skyler827]

We won't start by colonizing Mars, we'll build a space station in orbit around Mars where we supervise robotic missions and research techniques for automated construction and other industrial processes necessary for large scale settlement. Spend at least 5 to 10 years making sure that the systems and robots that or life will depend on actually work.

[@xiphactinusaudax1045]

1:18 IMO we should wait 20 years, at least. We are nowhere near ready to colonize Mars. The dream of Martian colonization should be one of prosperity, not death. And this is possible, we just need more prep time. We're not ready, Elon Musk is just hyping things up.

[@replica1052]

earth was mars ready decades ago - now more than ever (to surrect planets is how to live in a universe)

[@xiphactinusaudax1045]

@@replica1052 how is Earth "Mars ready?"

[@replica1052]

@@xiphactinusaudax1045 recycle every thing and we can survive where there is sunlight - every mars garage will have an orbital rocket

[@audience2]

We see the postponing versus charging forward approach in the contrasting achievements of Blue Origin versus SpaceX

[@replica1052]

@@audience2 (once it rains fish can survive mars nature)

[@rowshambow]

I dont think starship itself with passengers should land on mars. I think one should be sent empty that lands on the surface. Another should be sent with dragon capsules and placed into orbit awaiting the crew to arrive and dock with it. Then the crew devide up into the capsules

[@rowshambow]

It would make sense for some starlink satellites to be deployed around mars before people arrive. And other supplies landing autonomously

[@bigblukiwi]

There are several aspects of this 'analysis' that I have issues with. First, communication. There will never be any reduction in the time a signal takes to travel from Mars to Earth. Both radio and laser beams are forms of electro magnetic radiation which travel through a vacuum at the speed of light and therefore take a finite time to reach Earth from Mars - no 'improvement' in technology can change this. Second - low gravity. Living for any significant length of time at micro or low gravity plays havoc with human physiology. Astronauts reaching Mars will be incapable of any work and maybe not even able to move to any degree. As Mars gravity is significantly lower than Earths, any recovery may well be impossible. Third - radiation. Musk discounts this and states' I don't see it a big problem'. He is very wrong. Fourth - Mars has very little Nitrogen in its soil or atmosphere which is a big problem when attempting to grow plants. In the film, I think it was called The Martians, the growing of all those potatoes would have been impossible. In fact all the nitrogen required to grow any plants would have to come from Earth.

[@5kehhn]

Communication -- correct. Gravity -- crew would have to expend a large % of time using exercise equipment to keep in 'Earth shape'. Radiation -- problematic. Nitrogen -- bring large amounts on Starship. Lots to plan for.

[@bigblukiwi]

@@5kehhn Unfortunately, as has been proven on the ISS, using exercise equipment does not compensate for the loss of gravity and Astronauts return from space severely disabled and unable to walk. No viable solution has been found and I suspect never will be. This factor alone is enough to make trips to Mars and back probably impossible, let alone landing and staying for many months before returning.

[@brookestephen]

put satellites at L4 &/or L5 at either Earth or Mars is what you do to maintain communication at opposition.

[@antonnym214]

I am a planetary scientist and this is an awesome video. I love this stuff. One note: When I hear "crewed missions", it sounds like you're saying "crude missions". I know it's not politically correct, but for garden seed, can't we just say "manned missions" and get over our social justice warrior snowflake BS? Thank you. I gave you a thumbs-up.

[@dammy]

They have to land very close to the ice for production of methane (rocket fuel) and Oxygen, so start from there. Biggest question is the power source for the trip and while at Mars. RTG?

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

there have to be several unmanned scouting missions before a human landing, will take much more than two years between the first marsbound starship and the arrival of the first colonists.

[@floydbertagnolli944]

Good comments. Great graphics. Clear speech. Thanks for professional language (vs episode 1) as many of us like to have our kids listen along with us. Keep up this high quality I promise you subscriptions will increase. 😎

[@caseyford3368]

It depends on if you upgrade people with Neuro Link and Nano tech, or not. If you do, we can all finally start on our journey of super evolving.

[@chaos9079]

It makes more sense to set a permanent base on moon first before going to Mars...

[@CUBETechie]

6:27 what are this rockets?

[@Origitalus]

Cool video. I liked the little Starship facts you mentioned, like 1100m² of pressurized space and water for 20 people for 2200 days (REALLY?^^)

[@MikinessAnalog]

The water recycler on the ISS is about 93% efficient, meaning if the Mars crew uses the same technology, they will eventually run out of drinkable water.

[@shikamaru3456]

There are rocks like gypsum there that contain water, and if you crush, then bake those rocks, you can condense the water and collect it.

[@samus598]

@@shikamaru3456 Which takes an extreme amount of energy, and you wont be able to do it without a giant field full of maintained solar panels (at least 40% less efficient during the martian summer, even worse during the winter) and a skyscraper sized battery, or a nuclear reactor.

[@shikamaru3456]

@@samus598 None of which is impossible. A water reclamation system, a good initial shipment, plus subsequent shipments. And the gypsum method only needs to replenish a very small quantity. Thus a small battery and solar pannel array. Albeit the nuclear reactor idea is not that harebrained, it has merit.

[@samus598]

@@shikamaru3456 I'm not saying it's impossible. It's just too costly right now. I don't see it happening for many decades. Sending a couple of people to Mars and back seems likely to happen. Sending 1,000 ships with solar panels, battery arrays, a nuclear reactor, etc. to power serious materials processing and construction isn't impossible, and might happen eventually. Crushing and then baking rocks to extract water is a great idea once you have enormous amounts of power generation. I just don't think we will be willing/able to make that enormous resource expenditure for a Martian colony anytime soon.

[@matthewviramontes3131]

Realistically I don't imagine any human setting foot on Mars until at least 2040. NASA's plan is to first get humans to the Moon with the Artemis mission, and this is sort of the precursor to going to Mars. Basically, first we figure out how to make bases and stuff on the Moon, which is way closer, then use what we learn to do the same thing on Mars. However, the Artemis mission keeps getting set back, with it now looking like the first people to land on the Moon won't be until at least 2025 or later. And then after several years of having an established colony on the Moon, then they can make realistic plans for going to Mars. I 100% agree with this guy though that humanoid robots will be the first settlers on Mars. Like he said, then can go and build everything up for us, then we can just show up and then do our thing. But in order for that to happen, we'll probably need some high level general intelligence Ai, which itself may take at least another decade. I will say that Open AI's GPT-4 Ai may very well be close to what we need to accomplish something like that.

[@იოსებხანუკაშვილი]

You're talking real-time, this channel is talking Musk-fiction timeline😃

[@brookestephen]

6:34 "...before people even arrive on earth..."

[@MCP53]

OK, serious input - I have lived on my 40' narrowboat, on the English canals for five years now. I have 20 cubic metres to live in, and it is enough! However, I do get off my little ship every day to go to the shop ;-)

[@ba2724]

As well as pick up STDs while in town. No sir, you stay on Earth. Mars needs "respectable" people.

[@freetolisten]

There is no way to make communication between mars and earth faster… The ~20 minute delay is with the signal going at light speed

[@vidyaishaya4839]

That's closer to the maximim when the planets are on opposite sides of the Sun. Obviously we'll need relays and that will add a small amount of extra time. Minimum is about 3 minutes.

[@DavidSmith-kd8mw]

The first step needs to be testing the effect om people of 6 months of micro gravity, followed by 2 years of Mars gravity, followed by 6 months of micro gravity. What government agency is going to want to have 20 astronauts die of heart failure as soon as the return ship lands back on Earth? First we need a spin gravity test station.

[@KateeAngel]

Yes!

[@StephenShumaker-yp3jd]

Couldn't they drop of communication boosters of some kind along the way to make communication faster?

[@madelineremy5128]

Enjoy your narration ❤😂🎉

[@fazer9]

I think a proper space station and a space elevator is more important... A space station that can self sustain itself and allow production and mining of space rocks. Allowing more research into new tech and material on a space station i would assume would be much more profitable.

[@dianeneedham6703]

JC Where do all those cavitations you see on Mars come from? If you know please shoot me a message, thxs in advance.

[@Georgi-Slavov]

The first year will be over one week after landing.

[@Autovetus]

Seen some mass effect scenes . Love the material

[@khosrowaussun357]

I like it . whatever you doing in The planet mars . Keep Smart . Good luck.

[@strangevideos3048]

why does this rocket take off from the ground, why don't they make a "huge plane/rocket" that will start to ascend to a vertical position from a height of 30-40 km and fly into space with the full power of the engines on the side. Those wings will also serve as a fuel tank for later flight and descent.

[@MikeJones-rk1un]

How will they get the heavy equipment and diesel fuel there?

[@flinchoblank5892]

the time it takes for communication between earth and mars is simply the time it takes for light to travel between earth and mars, and since lasers are light, i don't see how we could increase communication speeds... the idea of superluminal communication has only very recently thought to be hypothetically possible so i highly doubt we will actually be able to communicate faster than light for at least 100 years and probably never.

[@vernepavreal7296]

Great video as usual However you use the phrase interstellar and I’m sure you meant interplanetary such a phrase might confuse the uninformed Also I would imagine a few star link spacecraft distributed around earths orbit that is earths orbit around the sun would provide a link to Mars Regardless of Mars earth alignment Cheers

[@peterisaacs6882]

A link yes but not a faster than light link. So no real time communication.

[@richarddean2532]

I think future communication between all space ships will involve quantum entanglement.

[@MrNote-lz7lh]

I think we'll use magic mirrors. They are just as realistic.

[@harvirdhindsa3244]

Quantum entanglement cannot be used to transmit information, based on our current understanding of quantum mechanics. There is a superposition of possibilities for particular quantum states arbitrarily far apart, but the collapse caused by observation does not transmit any new information. You would need to discover a new set of rules for quantum physics in order for entanglement to be a possibility. Cool sci-fi concept though no doubt.

[@xy7starlight]

I like your videos, entertaining and informative all in one :-) Another challenge will be dealing with the 1% of so of peroxides in the Martian soil, which is toxic to humans. Also for the low gravity there I would suggest building centrifuge habitation units at least for sleeping quarters and perhaps for exercise areas too. Moon will have similar challenges, one with the lunar dust and the other with even lower gravity.

[@proteinpapi7595]

About the water, lets not forget that we can filter water too and on the iss they filter urine and sweat

[@X-Gen-001]

It's a new frontier. I just hope countries aren't going to be fighting over territory and resources, but it's probably likely to happen at some point. People are ok. But governments and corporations are greedy. Greed has always been humanity's Achilles heel.

[@ian5576]

10:40, another and likely more important reason why the water can never be drank or used to grown food on Mars (at least without massive purification techniques far beyoind basic chemistry) is the high abundance of deuterium (a heavy isotope of hydrogen). This isotope of the element hydrogen is about 6 times more abundant in Martian H2O than that found on Earth. As water molecules with this isotope are slightly more massive, they move (on average) slightly slower than Earth water molecules at the same temperature meaning they can have a deterious effect on biological systems. When Germany was losing the War in the 1940's, there was serious consideration about givng Hitler deuterated water to assainate him, one issue is the slightly sweet taste of this heavy water that may have clued him in so they never attempted it (as far as we know).

[@fernan2s136]

Awesome!

[@georgeshuman8405]

Starlink can not decrease communication times between earth and mars. Lasers travel at 186000 miles per second, just as radio signals do. Also why is footage of a space shuttle included. Those were retired a decade ago.

[@amarsh14]

I would say Yes, we could do this. It will have to be a private consortium as government does not have the funds or mandate to do this. If the robots that Musk is building are sufficiently capable to operate as a vanguard and construct suitable habitats, it could be done. Remember that these structures will have to withstand huge dust storms, high radiation and the high risk of asteroids (little atmosphere to burn them up). If one hundred tons can be contained in each shipment, perhaps 20 brave souls can be sustained for the amount of time between resupply. All in all, this is going to cost hundreds of billions of dollars which is why private consortiums are necessary to fund it.

[@PhilipEvang]

After Mars, how many light years to the next stop?

[@sebys1414]

Love this video keep up the great content!