Tiwanaku Part 1: The City

[@danesgch]

I found a newspaper article that say that the walls at Kalasasaya were rebuilt between 1957 and 1978. In 2019 they found a series of photographs taken during the reconstruction. This pictures were presented by the Center of Archeological Investigations at Tiahuanco.

[@AncientAmericas]

Oooo!!! Can you please send that article or give me the date and publication of that? I would love to add that to Tiwanaku part 2.

[@danesgch]

@@AncientAmericas Sure! The article is from Peru21. The title is: “Bolivia: fotografías inéditas muestran que las ruinas de Tiahuanaco fueron modificadas”. I just googled it and found similar articles form other news outlets.

[@AncientAmericas]

@@danesgch You are my hero!!

[@danesgch]

@@AncientAmericas I hope it’s useful. I just thought that searching in Spanish might unearth some local news or blogposts about the incident. Anyways, I really like your channel, I just found it today but I binged all the videos. Keep up the good content!

[@AncientAmericas]

@@danesgch Thank you! I don't speak Spanish so I'm overly dependent on English language sources.

[@meredithwagner989]

Bless the algorithm for showing me this channel.

[@AncientAmericas]

Bless you for your support!

[@snieves4]

This

[@lynnmitzy1643]

Yes❤

[@MadMax54819]

No kidding! I feel like I know very little about ancient American culture and history and have been looking to scratch that itch! This channel is incredible!

[@alexandersaldivar7243]

bless

[@magicemeryball]

I really like how you deal with conspiracy theories on this channel. It's brought up and immediately dismissed without elaboration. You let us know that people are saying wild stuff about something while not giving it any, even accidental, credibility. Love your videos!!!!!!!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@azkabanrolanhoff5569]

@@AncientAmericasat some point you should try to debunk atleast some of the stuff ancient conspiracy theory stuff

[@AncientAmericas]

@@azkabanrolanhoff5569 I get similar comments and in my opinion, the best way to debunk what a culture, site or artifact isn't is to clearly present what it is. Also, time spent debunking is time not spent on exploring a culture and people.

[@SnakebitSTI]

It takes far more time to debunk nonsense than it does to create nonsense. People who peddle nonsense often exploit that fact. A brief mention but otherwise ignoring conspiracy theories is all the time and attention they deserve.

[@josemenesesmontano411]

I’m Bolivian myself and I’ve been to tiawanaku . There’s a small museum right next to the site and inside there’s a 20 foot statue . You cannot take pictures because they don’t allow and there is security but please go to the museum the statue is worth it . It was amazing not too mention the cheap souvenirs and the nice lil town that gives off a south western Texas town from the 1800s . Honestly this place is like our hidden gem . It’s literally in a desert surrounded by mountains , very beautiful views . They also have guides that speak English and know more about the site than most experts on KZbin!!!

[@ClareAndAlec]

You underestimated how excited I would be to hear the words "raised field agriculture"

[@AncientAmericas]

Everybody should be pumped about raised field agriculture!

[@philipm3173]

Suka kollus!

[@morgankitchen4444]

I've just discovered your channel and I'm absolutely hooked. You give a lot of great information in a very easy to follow and interesting way. Keep going man, you're gonna be big

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@huascar66]

I had the privilege of visiting Lake Titicaca and Tiwanaku. I can't express how impressive both were. The Americas have a fascinating history and I am so enjoying these documentaries.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@wilhelmreinhardt4643]

I'm fascinated by native cultures of the Americas, came across your channel and subbed immediately, you sir are doing great work!

[@joe_0230]

I have been wanting to find longer documentary videos on Pre-Columbian civilization like this for so long. This channel needs more attention!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you for commenting and driving the algorithm!

[@franskoster9572]

If you like this one, check out the Fall of Civilizations podcast - really good episodes on the Inca and the Mexica.

[@MichaelJohnson-jt5cu]

Tiwanaku was a major metals processing facility from minerals that were mined from the mountains that encircle lake Titicaca. The lake was used to transport the mineral ore to the process facility in Puma Punku which has water channels that once connected to the lake. This region produced large amounts of Gold, Silver, Copper, and Tin.

[@ufonomicon]

Lol like a white boy would have ANY idea of what that world was like. The arrogant ego you white people have is completely insane.

[@JamesDMorris2008]

It is unbelievable that I lived all my life in South America and never heard of this city before. I guess we need more and more communication about this subject as I guess the the misconception imputed by the colonization on these civilizations was overwhelmingly distorting

[@shiny_teddiursa]

Yea andean history is largely brushed over. Even in Peru, anything besides incas are hardly taught at all.

[@slivic83]

@@shiny_teddiursa they are still finding/digging up new sites of the ancient structures

[@beepbeep1424]

I love this channel.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks!

[@guilhermehentz]

Love your channel ✨ as a South American, I find it really important to study and learn about our ancient civilizations, it’s so interesting! Thanks for all the quality videos and information.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@GringoLoco]

Another excellent presentation from Ancient Americas. Fact-based information on Tiwanako is hard to come by in English, but your documentaries are helping enlighten us all!

[@AncientAmericas]

Always a pleasure to hear from the great gringo loco! Thanks again for the gigapan!

[@MashaRistova]

I mean I would absolutely love if you put out hour long episodes. I would watch and enjoy every single minute!

[@Astronic]

My favourite content to listen to while working. Thank you.

[@amandacollyer645]

Subscribed.....this is a great channel; I prefer this over NatGeo's endless (tense) musical scores layered on top of the narration and contrived pauses for commercial breaks (where 30% of the content is then immediately regurgitated).

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! I'm honored to be the channel of choice of such a discerning viewer.

[@valdivia1234567]

That's a great description of NatGeo's shows.

[@galvaton10000]

I really liked this video, it reminded me of the research I did for an anthropology course. I especially liked the part about the raised ag fields (waru waru)

[@HoH]

Very well-made and interesting! Keep at it, no doubt in my mind that your channel will soon blow up

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@abdirahmanadena201]

Something about your videos are great for falling asleep to. Not in that they’re boring. However your tone and delivery is incredibly soothing

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks! Glad I can help someone get a good night's sleep.

[@drkalowski256]

Criminally underrated m8

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks!

[@BeyondEcstasy]

I love these videos. Amazing. Ancient American civilization is underappreciated.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@Numba003]

Another fantastic video! Thank you! I really appreciate you taking the time to go into the less glamorous importance of things like raised field agriculture. That is some brilliant engineering! God be with you out there, everybody. ✝️ :)

[@pedrosampaio7349]

Gotta say, I was shocked at finding your channel, shocked at the quality of the few videos you have and shocked at the few subscribers you have (more disappointed really). I've now binged through your whole catalogue, and it was great, can't remember the last time I found a channel I enjoyed like yours and blazed through in a day. I'd like to make a recommendation, if you don't mind. Not for now, of course, but like an idea for a future video: I've been a bit fascinated with the Marajoara culture and the Kuhikugu archaeological site in and around the Brazilian Amazon, as a Brazilian myself, but haven't read much on them. I'd be very happy to see, if possible, any video in the future on the pre-columbian Amazon, but I'll be happy with wahatever good work you bring out, I'm sure! Hopefully this comment pleases the algorithm.

[@AncientAmericas]

First of all, thank you!! It always delights me when people really enjoy my content. Second, I actually have Marajoara culture and Kuhikugu on my episode list. They are still a long ways off but I've got them in my sights.

[@Triexy]

Thanks for the videos. This has been great to listen to on the long drive to work

[@guillesaldana]

Raised field agriculture. Best part of the video. Overall great intro to a great and mysterious society.

[@AncientAmericas]

It's my favorite part too!

[@UATU.]

Exceptional content from a natural teacher 👌

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@Dansfp]

Honestly you are the best Channel about pre-columbian americas

[@AncientAmericas]

Color me flattered. Thank you!

[@cristianbenitez2462]

Thanks for making this part of history more accessible for us curious ones, keep it up!!!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@MrOreo2010]

Ceremonial city center Sounds super sweet Btw I'm really glad to see you have grown in subscribers and views since Norte Chico, when I discovered this great channel. You're still far from what you deserve, but I hope your slow but continuing growth is encouraging. Keep it up!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks! I plan on it!

[@andor3xy712]

I am bolivian, just went to tiwanaku last month, and the masonry is increidlbe, but this early 20th century photo is blowing my mind. Whoe rebuilt the walls? they really seem like they are there forever and they fit incredibly. You think it might have been more of a stonehenge structure? The blocks fit so good

[@AncientAmericas]

Check out the pinned comment. Someone was able to figure out when it was reconstructed. It was part of a government program in the 60's.

[@grantaddison8604]

I am just incredibly impressed with your channel!! It is truly amazing!!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@jjt1881]

Excellent! I'm anxiously waiting for the second part.

[@IP-kh3qk]

I discovered this channel today and immediately I subscribed it. I am taking live virtual tours with a tour guide in Bolivia who has live virtual tours of different regions of his country including one in this site and it is amazing!Your video add more information to the tours that I am taking. Thank you very much!

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome! Where can I find those virtual tours?

[@IP-kh3qk]

@@AncientAmericas They are live-streaming virtual tours in the platform BeamZ. The next Tiwanaku show will be on September 18th at 1:30 pm EDT. I highly recommend the show and the tour guide (Renan) and also the shows from the Peruvian guide (Mike). Both are specialized in Inca culture and speak Aymara, Spanish, and English. The shows are in English, and in my opinion, have a high quality. I have learned a lot with both guides about Inca culture. If you are interested in some kind of collaboration with the guides for your channel, I could provide the name of their companies. Thank you!

[@Norantio]

idk where you came from, but I'm glad I found you. Thank you for this channel and all the work and love you put into it.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@gonzalodelajara6850]

Just found this channel and I’m enjoying it a lot. Thank you for this amazing content!

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome!

[@nicolewildman8976]

Another enjoyable video. The raised fields and canals were ingenious. I was wondering, as I'm still new to the channel, if you have any videos on the Aymara people? A few years ago I visited their community in Peru. They live on floating islands on Lake Titicaca. They used reeds to construct the floating islands and the huts they lived in. They have their own distinct language as well. Some of the vocabulary reminded me of Japanese. As the community was so isolated, they were able to maintain their traditions and language intact. The only way I was able to communicate and learn about them was because there was one girl within the community who spoke Spanish and our guide as well. It was a wonderful experience for me to be invited into their homes and learn more about them. I really enjoyed it. Again, thank you for the wonderful work you are doing.

[@AncientAmericas]

That sounds like an amazing experience! Sadly I do not have an video on the Aymara.

[@jaedonhurles3623]

The uro people live on the lake.

[@HelmetVanga]

Raised fields I believe it was discovered by Wisconsin Professor Alan Kolata, he also discovered a monolith a tall one that has lost it is top (head). They call the raised fields Camellones, and he convinced the locals to use that farming technique again and it was a total success. Kolata concluded that the people in the past knew and understood the climate and adapted to it and its changes. His book has a lot of new evidence of ancient people near and around Tiwanaku.

[@Tommy-the-coffee-addict]

after hearing "lake titicaca" i realized i still have the mental maturity of a 10 year old deep inside

[@HelmetVanga]

Titikaka is an Aymara word which means "Feline that hunts rabbit". If you look the shape of the lake you will understand why

[@dsxa918]

'Caca' I think I heard means poo-poo in some labguage

[@getuliooliveira9695]

​@@dsxa918 yep, in portuguese "titica" means "chicken poop" and "caca" means "poop".

[@tantawawa44]

​@@dsxa918 titicaca is an aymara word so only its meaning in aymara is valid

[@JcoleMc]

Lake pissy poo poo

[@pajeirussaurio1405]

Nice to see such a well made video on the subject! Im from la paz and have visited tiwanaku many times thanks for the vid

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome!

[@hughiegibson1716]

Just stumbled on your channel! And I’m glad I did. I love history and there are far too few for ancient American history.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@rhaywitsam8649]

Just commenting to help you get the algorithm bless 🙏 keep up with the good work man!

[@AncientAmericas]

Muchos gracias!

[@fuerte_y_flexible]

I am peruvian and I´m really impressed with the accuracy of your documental ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ and thanks for not talk about aliens

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@anonymousy8882]

This could potentially be one of my favorite channels, keep up the good work

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks!

[@andresevargas]

Thanks for taking me under consideration for the Conquistador's voice over. I've become a huge fan of your videos since. Best Andres

[@AncientAmericas]

Hey! It's lovely to hear from you again! I'm so glad you're enjoying the content!

[@robswright68]

Good information. I'm looking forward to the next part.

[@Arcaianed]

Really enjoy the content you put out - it's difficult to find accessible information on pre-Colombuian America! I'm constantly intrigued by these videos, and often have a look through the sources to see if there's any more info. Thanks for the work you put in! By the way, splitting it into two parts seems a good idea, and I don't think there's an issue with it if it helped you get the videos out more easily :)

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@zamfielis]

Creo que es el mejor canal de historia.

[@AncientAmericas]

Muchos gracias!!

[@tonydeveyra4611]

Awesome ! Really enjoying your content good work

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@Frenchylikeshikes]

This video is just amazing. I was just blowned away the whole time. Just SUPER interesting. 👍🏻👍🏻

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@d.mort.]

This has been such a wonderful series, I have wanting to learn about the history of the american continents for a while not a stumbled upon you. Great videos! One note at 24:00. When you mention that water was a poor conductor of heat, I think you meant to say it had a high thermal heat capacity! Water is a fairly good conductor of heat and is used for many heat exchange applications. Air is the poor conductor of heat (hence air filled isolation)

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks! I checked this with my brother who is an engineer and according to him: water is usually classified as a poor heat conductor especially when it's compared to metals. In some situations, you can use it as a heat exchange but those are specific.

[@andrewlavelle1813]

Keep it up man, this is for sure going to take off! Great work and great presentation.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@bryanboatwright1671]

Forgoing the content of Ancient Aliens, Chariots of the Gods and similar programs and films, you can get a great perspective of the area.

[@terrywallace5181]

Another very good program.

[@zigavojska1672]

you have a strange fan club here, everybody is so amazed with your work..

[@kenchesnut4425]

KZbin algorithms hide so many OTHER GOOD CHANNELS..NICE JOB ....MUCH LUV FROM N.AUGUSTA S.C

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@aidanzuk1]

Hope your channel gets the attention it deserves :)

[@AncientAmericas]

Don't worry. I'm pleased with any attention it gets.

[@Sergeometric]

Commenting only to help the channel grow. Great job

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! I appreciate it!

[@FacesintheStone]

Subscribed to every channel in your channels* section. Thank you for your content, I’m learning so much.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@mattkaustickomments]

11:33 Each tenon head is unique AND no two are alike? No way!!!! 😆 …your channel is a new fave!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@mattkaustickomments]

@@AncientAmericas You’re welcome! I’m going to watch Part 2 now. Btw, conch is pronounced “conk”. :)

[@anasevi9456]

great documentary. Thank you

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome!

[@billteneyck3766]

Impressive presentation! As some what of a Pedro de Cieza de Leon acolyte and researcher, I also recommend Ephraim Squire’s 1860s narrative describing Tiwanaku. He mentions an old Aymara person evidently paid to watch Squire’s every move, since grave robbing was a long tradition in the area. The inhabitants of Peru viewed all of Squire’s archeological work as a search for treasure!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! I've never read Ephraim Squire's account but I've seen the sketches he did and they are awesome.

[@kevinbeatkeeper197]

Thanks for producing this 2 part series. It was well done and very informative. By the way, the word conch is pronounced konk. It is a marine snail and can not live in freshwater. So they would have had to bring the shells all the way up from the coast which also means that they fished in the Pacific Ocean or they could have acquired them in trade with another culture.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you. Appreciate the clarification!

[@lordpickle8424]

Hmm, well as a native guy myself I should mention that I definitely appreciate your videos. Most northern US and virtually all Canadian natives are unaware of the 'true' history of Native Americans. Unfortunately though, seemingly everything Native American is connected to straight up 'white' 'supremacist' "theories" that have been passed down for centuries and you'll find yourself having to mention the conspiracy nonsense almost every video which is pretty disturbing honestly. So I'm from somewhere in the Canadian Shield, a sparsely populated area because of its lack of soil suitable for agriculture. Over the years, as I slowly uncovered the 'truth,' I realized that native people as a whole accomplished virtually everything that the entirety of the "Old World" did. In my area, according to the 2016 census, we were just under 50% of the total population in the electoral district and the figures are similar too throughout the northern halves of the prairie provinces and BC where natives are around 50% to nearly 100% of the total population of their district (riding). The further south you get the warmer it gets the longer the growing season as well and 'thus' more crops available for growing. In my area, right along the US border there is a relatively flat plain that stretches for about 100 km and has an area of at least 2700 square km. Even then the prairies aren't too far off as well. In Canada the native population is growing at a pretty fast pace and along the way I realized that the 'whole' of native achievements can provide everything we need to meet the "3 basic needs" of food, shelter, and clothing. That's my main interest in this channel, to learn more about what is, or was, and how it can be modified today to provide for the rapidly growing population. For example, I live in Vancouver atm but there is a 'transit' station here called Brentwood Station that was built with these large laminated wood beams that are bent. You can see virtually the exact same thing in how the ends of birchbark canoes are created. Basically you get some wood and make thin slices lengthwise down almost down to the end, then you heat it, bend it, then tie it and it creates the front and back curves of the canoe. Even the 'ribs' of the canoe are made the same way but they're solid pieces though. Looking at the station though you can see how if you just separated the beams with walls you'd essentially have a modernized longhouse that can be either shrunk or enlarged (up to a point) to house people. Even within the 'Shield' too wood, water, and stone are in no short supply and so even 'Inca' terraces could be built. As for soil I imagine that one could create a business to sort of partially 'engineer' customized soil to fill the terraces with for whichever crop. Here's a video from Japan where they built Inca-style terraces to grow potatoes, interesting stuff: kzbin.info/www/bejne/b6W9fHyAn7OCidE

[@AncientAmericas]

Very cool! There's definitely a lot out there to recover. If you think that raised field agriculture is cool, just wait til we go to the Amazon and discuss terra prieta. That's one of the greatest agricultural achievements that no one talks about. It's straight up world changing stuff.

[@ANTSEMUT1]

@@AncientAmericas the permaculture movement of agriculture has taken up the usage of terra prieta but renamed it biochar.

[@AncientAmericas]

@@ANTSEMUT1 Good to know! Thanks!

[@ANTSEMUT1]

@@AncientAmericas no problem dude.

[@richard-cf8ce]

Nice work 💯

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@zhenghao123]

"It should not be called a pyramid but a man-made mountain" But what if Pyramids around the world are actually man-made mountains?

[@piousaugustus84]

Like the pyramid of Cholula.

[@GrandAncientOak]

Semantics

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

Pyramids must be that shape, (above a certain height level,) because masonry structures collapse under their own weight with any other shape. But, many cultures have Sacred Mountain concepts. So they like it very much. :) That is why pyramids are found all over the world. Sacred mounds too.

[@Freedom_iwant]

24:11 so this is what Minecraft villagers do 5:13 I like those pots with wide upper parts, maybe those are🍷

[@VictorAdad]

Amazing. Thank you.

[@Ck-zk3we]

Toltec and tiwanaku were in contact for sure

[@AncientAmericas]

Maybe.

[@prophetofbara1214]

I'm really glad someone recommended you're channel to me. I've been rewatching all you're videos because of how well done they are. I'm trying to learn more about pre columbian civilizations so I can better understand a small part of my heritage. Keep up the fantastic work! 💖

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@JZGamer]

Great video. I just wanna point out that the picture at 1:50 is not about the topic of the video, that one is from Santiago, Chile

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! And yes, I'm aware of that the picture is depicting the founding of Santiago. I just like the image. I believe I've actually used it in other episodes as well.

[@deejin25]

I'm so glad this channel exists, most of the information on you tube is either scanty and dull or some kind wild ancient aliens channel with lots of overdone music and a bunch of creepy old white men who simply won't admit natives built these places with their own hands.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@bryanboatwright1671]

I came across Tiahuanaco watching Chariots of the Gods? backs in the early 1970s (I was 8 or 9) and again watching Ancient Aliens. Depending on the version being watched, 1 hour 12 minutes or 1 hour 15 minutes, Chariots has a short segment on Tiahuanaco with work men digging on site. Ancient Aliens, ignore the alien material and you get great views of both locations (Pumapunku).

[@heavenheathern]

Thanks Tim! Here's hoping those of us viewers making games will put your advice to good use :D

[@hemproveinc1465]

YOU THE MAN! The ancient civilizations, the ancient souls and gods thank you my brother! I really loved the knowledge of the raise agriculture :) I found it a bit sad that you didnt gave us your theory on the masonery work... which in my view is the most important, most impressive and the highest knowledge! If you dont mind ... what is your theory on the masonery work ? -Wallace

[@AncientAmericas]

Thanks! My theory is that the masonry is just normal stone masonry with stone tools. They just did it very carefully. Remember, plenty of other civilizations fashion their own precise stone work with stone tools, like ancient egypt for example. I'm sorry if it's a boring answer but when stone tools are your only tools, you get very good with them. Just because I'm terrible with a stone hammer and chisel doesn't mean it's impossible to be extraordinarily talented with them.

[@AnthonyRomero-zr2ww]

@@AncientAmericas well said I think the same for most part. Many many years, generations of trial and error and perfecting. Too many people have that thinking of I can't do it so it had to be aliens or some other civilization, whatever. Skills are lost all the time I see kids who don't know how to use a shovel . Around here in my father's generation and prior almost everyone could for most part build a house from foundation to top of roof ,these days not so much, again these kids can't even use a shovel how would they know how to build a house . Just one example of how certain skills can be mastered and lost within , practically overnight that took many years to master .

[@Aztlantean]

@@AncientAmericas Tiwanaku people had bronze and copper chisels, so metal tools, also metalurgy in south america andean region is older than 2000 BCE, the oldest golden necklace in the continent is from that time and also from tiwanaku/lake titicaca region www.world-archaeology.com/world/south-america/peru/americas-oldest-jewellery/

[@onesec8005]

Seems a daunting and brave task to put together the history of a place with so much relocated and repurposed stone and artifacts. No wonder the explanations are all over the place. Great work, subbed, thank you.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! Part 2 is coming soon!

[@bigbensarrowheadchannel2739]

Awesome channel! Thank you!

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome! Thank you for watching!

[@MacScarfield]

The raised fields style/Waru Waru is very similar to the Chinampas style found in Mesoamerica! Ingenious concept indeed!

[@AncientAmericas]

Indigenous agriculture is amazing!

[@marktroiani5401]

Thank you for this interesting engaging content. I’m hooked

[@AncientAmericas]

Glad you're enjoying it!

[@franug]

I know this is beyond the topic, lol, but it is funny to see Pedro de Valdivia founding the city where I live, Santiago, at 1:47...that's pretty far away south from lake Titicaca 😂 Besides that, love this content, I've been in Titicaca and it's amazing, your channel is such a great find, especially as a Chilean

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you! You are very observant. I always love when people notice these things because I always tell myself when I use pictures that aren't completely accurate that someone will inevitably catch me red handed.

[@franug]

@@AncientAmericas don't worry! For us Chileans that painting is soooo iconic that's kind of impossible not to recognize it immediatly, which obviously is not the case for foreigners. I really commend you for having such well-researched videos, I've learnt so much already! I wish you could someday cover the cultures of the Southern Cone of the continent, like the Mapuche :)

[@AncientAmericas]

@@franug thank you! The mapuche are on my long list. They'll get an episode someday.

[@viracocha6093]

Hell yeah.

[@AncientAmericas]

The creator graces us with his presence!

[@louisebelair2245]

I am discovering your channel and I am happy to find a detailed presentation of the history of the Americas. You are describing these societies with a modern archaeological point of view using an open perspective to these ancient and mysterious cultures that we know so little. Thank you for sharing your knowledge.

[@AncientAmericas]

You're welcome!

[@vazak11]

Good stuff!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@zachh2776]

Great presentation! I find south american, specifically, incan culture and history, fascinating. I once saw a video...it was an egyptian presentation but it mentioned lake titicaca, i forget why, but the presenter mentioned that she was sure that at one time in the past, lake titicaca ran all the way up to tiwanaku. In other words, tiwanaku was sort of a port on the lake. If you look at google earth you can see how this is possible. But i dont hear it mentioned alot. I dont know if you concur or even heard of this theory. I find it interesting. But some catastrophe happened there, a flood, a tsunami, a mud flood...that buried the city and puma punku. Looking forward to part two.

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@1TakoyakiStore]

There is definitely a very poetic aspect about a civilization that worships a sun diety only to have the power of the actual sun protect their crops from nightly freezes.

[@danielm5535]

It’s fascinating to me how much our understanding of Tiwanaku has shifted in the last 20 years. In the late 90’s and early 2000s, there was a lot of speculation and serious archaeology starting to happen, then it just seemed to disappear. Early Pandemic Shutdown, I was curious to see what the latest was, only to find the internet rife with aliens and conspiracy… glad to see a real video.

[@AncientAmericas]

It's a fascinating place to study!

[@veronicalogotheti1162]

Thank you

[@c.rogers4394]

Something I never realized or even thought about, is by looking at the map, Tiwanku must flow via what ever river that is, into Titicaca, and there is no stream flowing out of it? That makes for some major springs flowing out somewhere, most likely on the Amazon upper basin.

[@AncientAmericas]

You have a good eye. The truth is actually that Lake Titicaca is in an endorheic basin, meaning that the water has no way to drain to the sea. All the water that goes into that basin collects in the lake.

[@sashi5827]

I just asked chat gpt what the story on the walls at tiwanaku is and here's what it said: "The walls at the site of Tiwanaku in Bolivia, a significant pre-Columbian archaeological site, were reconstructed primarily during the mid-20th century. The most notable reconstruction efforts took place in the 1960s and 1970s under the direction of the Bolivian archaeologist Carlos Ponce Sanginés. These efforts aimed to restore some of the site's monumental structures, such as the Akapana Pyramid, the Kalasasaya Temple, and the Gateway of the Sun, to give a better sense of their original grandeur and layout. However, these reconstructions have been controversial among archaeologists and historians. Critics argue that some of the reconstructions were not entirely accurate and were based on speculative interpretations of the original construction methods and designs. This has led to ongoing debates about the authenticity and preservation of Tiwanaku's archaeological integrity."

[@estebanmendoza4783]

so the Tiwanaku people understood spanish at the time? or did they have an interpretor ?

[@AncientAmericas]

I don't know. The interpretor theory is probably more plausible but who knows?

[@theeddorian]

There are implications in your description of the Akapana that are interesting to play around with. You mentioned the astronomical nature of some of the stellae in the Kalasasaya. Time keeping is critical to agriculture and to herding transhumance. This is especially critical for herding in geographic situation where weather is treacherous around the times you want to move the herds to higher altitudes or bring them down from upland pastures. So tracking time and weather may have been critical in a practical sense as much as in a ritual sense. Archaeoloists and conspiracy theorists both are prone to "it's a ritual item/building/precinct" "explanations offered while they are getting dandruff all over their shoulders. When you switch to the Akapana, you have described a model of a mountain drainage system, and you note that canals (streams) head up at the base of the pyramid. It would be worth investigating whether the percolation or saturation of rain water from the collection pool at the top "modeled" run off periodicity of the streams from the mountains. That could imply that the temple was also a time piece, an immense water clock that told people when they could prepare their fields for crops and begin irrigation.

[@juansanchez5001]

I just want to thank you for smashing the conspiracy theories to death and giving credits to the Native Americans of the Americas thank you so much.... you're a good person I wish you the best of luck

[@luismg98]

Jus one correction, water is actually a pretty good conductor, what allow the use that you describe is that water has a great heat capacity, it can store a ton of thermal energy. These two property, together withe the abundance of water almost everywhere, are the reason why water is use in so many thermal applications, like power plants and the likes.

[@AncientAmericas]

I think you're misunderstanding the term. A good conductor is something which transfers heat and energy very quickly, like metal. For example, if I leave a metal ladle in a boiling pot of stew, it won't take long for the handle of the ladle to get hot, because the metal is a good thermal conductor. Water by contrast, takes much more time and energy to warm up. If I put a pot of water on the stove, stick my hand in the water and crank up the heat on the stove, I'd have to leave it in there for a long time before I'd burn my hand. Now you are correct that it has very good heat capacity. Once water is heated up, it retains that heat very well. I hope I've clarified that a bit.

[@babyyoda0U812]

Well aren't you a precious lil hidden gem...thanks for the knowledge bro !!!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@bigdaddydons6241]

At 17:10 I was fully expecting you to use a transformers transition effect

How is it possible that this video has 300 likes and only 6,000 views? This is one of the best youtube channels about american history!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@beacheykeen]

Is there a reason you mix the BP and BCE units on the same screen? Trying to understand if there is nuance

[@AncientAmericas]

BP is usually used for farther back dates. It's annoying I know but it happens in a lot of academic literature.

[@Kopeksi]

Raised Field Agriculture was the most exciting thing. AgriEngineering!

[@AncientAmericas]

Stick around for the November episode. We'll have some awesome agro-engineering in that episode too.

[@briangank7887]

Great job on this documentary. You have done an extremely amount of research! Thank you!

[@AncientAmericas]

Thank you!

[@alinag3831]

I never subscribed so fast

[@AncientAmericas]

Welcome aboard!

[@franskoster9572]

This is awesome! Any plans on eastern indigenous peoples - Haudenosaunee, maybe?

[@nairanvac79]

One small, respectful suggestion: Water is not a poor conductor. It has a high specific heat capacity, which allows it to retain heat.

[@AncientAmericas]

So I'm not a physicist or engineer but I just checked with one and they assure me that water is a poor thermal conductor. You are correct that it does have a high heat capacity.

[@nairanvac79]

@@AncientAmericas Yeah, you're right. I just researched that further. Especially in the context of engineering in comparison to other materials, water is indeed a poor thermal conductor. Thanks for prompting me to inform myself better.