Training A Rose On A Trellis

[@chrissforza6405]

Paul, once again, you are the best teacher on the internet. No fluff, no fillers, just great, succinct coaching with the kind of humor that puts people at ease and makes learning a breeze. Many thanks.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you for the kind words!

[@babycheesus666]

this guy is fuckin great. He could host his own tv show no problem. Clear, concise, funny. Great advice. Best rose channel I've come across in youtube.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you for the compliment.

[@diannerempel8262]

Thank you so much!!! This is the first video where I have finally understood how to train a climbing rose...simple explanation!!!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Great!

[@mdiaz4734]

I just built a 40 foot trellis out of cattle panels. I currently have no roses in my yard, but I’m about to get started! Your videos have given me confidence that I can bring my vision to life!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

That will be beautiful. I have a Facebook group page called Paul Zimmerman Roses Gardening. You may want to join us as we have a lot of folks who can help give advice and tips and answer questions you may have.

[@terrilynpatten3022]

I absolutely adore you. Your a pro but do not come across as a "know it all" which I really dislike, "Know it allers".... I love the way you teach and I really enjoy the tutorials.(videos) I am so much more informed now and your a very good coach on trying to do something that is possibly out of your comfort zone. I HAVE SHARED so very many of your videos By the way, my momma thinks I am amazing when I clean up her roses and such. thanks to you that is. Very appreciatively , Terrilyn

[@cuddlypenguin123]

Oh my gosh -- thank you so much for this!!! This was clear and entertaining... I now feel a lot less intimidated by the thought of trying to grow a climbing rose outside of my house! Heart-felt thanks!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You're so welcome!

[@christinesforza8600]

A great teacher. A favorite topic. Magic.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Wow, thank you!

[@mytigereyez]

Best video on the internet on how to train my baby climbers! Thank you!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you!

[@AXBHRemastered]

You always have great advice. Love, Love, Love the humor.

[@sanna_3941]

You are amazing!! I am a new to roses and stumbled upon this channel to do some research before I plant my climbing and shrub roses - glad I hit your channel! Now I am watching all your videos like crazy -my roses are waiting to be planted but who cares! I just want to watch your videos! - You are amazing!!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you so much!

[@wandawilson6266]

I know this clip is a year old. But I'm glad I came across it. I bought a rose bush years ago.an I dont remember what kind it was.. But what i got growing had long stems on it. An so ide look an see what i could find out if was a climber or what.. Now i believe it's a climber..and happy about since I've watch this. I had no idea what to do with it an this helped me so much. Excited to do this in spring. Thank you.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Great!

[@greeneyedgirl32065]

You're my new favorite rose how to guru...you keep me laughing & learning :)

[@lobo1368]

Paul, thank you so much for the professional advice. you are straight to the point and very good at explaining and showing me the amature how to care for roses. I have avoided them because I didn't understand how to care for them. I will be sharing your video's with our church's landscape team, We have climbing roses 5 months old without any training. they are getting tall and not producing the roses like they should. Now I know why. Thank you so much!!! I will be discussing with the rest of the gang, your idea of pole roses. What a visual interest this would be for our garden. QUESTION: Do you sell a favorite climber for this particular application? It would be in a full sun area. Thank you for your love for roses and sharing your knowledge, it is an encouragement to me and very much appreciated.

[@SmallWonda]

FANTASTIC! It never says on the rose label how you are supposed to train the CLIMBERS - at last I know, with your FABULOUS ADVICE!!! THANK YOU! :)

[@sameanrodriguez9727]

Paul, you are so funny! Yes I have would have to put a ladder to smell the roses at the top.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks!

[@KieshaJ55]

You rock! You're videos are very informative and easy to understand. Thank you so much for sharing your expertise, knowledge, and wisdom for beginners like me wanting to have an amazing rose growing garden and experience! :D

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks!

[@jonaskenneth692]

you probably dont give a damn but does someone know a tool to get back into an instagram account?? I stupidly lost my password. I love any help you can offer me

[@cooperjacob4548]

@Jonas Kenneth instablaster ;)

[@jonaskenneth692]

@Cooper Jacob thanks so much for your reply. I got to the site through google and im waiting for the hacking stuff now. Seems to take a while so I will get back to you later when my account password hopefully is recovered.

[@jonaskenneth692]

@Cooper Jacob It did the trick and I finally got access to my account again. Im so happy! Thank you so much you really help me out :D

[@bunelladunella]

Thank you for another excellent video. So many beginners (like me!) benefit from your fine, invaluable experience.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you.

[@ElfPrincess55]

13 years later and this is still so helpful! Appreciate the advse! :)

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Glad it was helpful!

[@TheBertieboo]

all your videos are brilliant thanks for making everything so clear, its made a great difference to my garden and things dont seem so mysterious and difficult any more.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I use plant tie but you can use strips of nylon stocking of just fabric. Anything soft that won't bruise the rose canes.

[@annwal1]

Thank you so much for the tips..lovely voice too.x

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks!

[@pixielove2000]

Yeah! More rose lessons. This explains my trellis problem and gives me a solution. Thanks.

[@trixie9246]

Very entertaining video - Thank you from Australia !!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks!

[@luck2know]

@@Paulzimmermanroses Also from Sydney, Australia. You are gorgeous That voice ...mmmm mmm Thanks to you, have learnt much !! xx

[@jgayle06]

Very entertaining and knowledgeable. I enjoyed your video!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@larryostrom5585]

Your a GREAT teacher!!

[@ORWWmedia]

This is an excellent series! I followed your advice, and it worked perfectly. Thanks!

[@nusratnowshin2460]

You are very talented.respect

[@serpentskiss3]

Excellent video instruction! Thank you and........keep 'em comin'!

[@harjitdhillon3574]

i love the way you explain. very funny. great tips

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks! Thanks!

[@rosesanphatong4867]

thank you very much you are a great teacher i am planted roses in Thailand and like climbing roses very much

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks!

[@raees4241]

LOVE this video. I just bought a house and it has a trellis and roses but they look like they're dying but I can't let that happen! I'll be checking out your videos for tips! Thanks. P.S : Thanks so much for the captions, I'm hard of hearing so they really helped me out.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Glad it helps!

[@Tara-sf7uu]

Ohmagoodness! That jump and sniff had me laughing to tears! I suppose now I understand why the neighbors seem to always be laughing on the days Im working in the rose garden, lol

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@CelticSpirit7]

Thank you for advice. I planted a climbing rose about a month ago and I've gently fastened it to a piece of bamboo cane for now whilst I researched how to start the process of training it up my brick wall using a wooden trellis...I really was about as green as you get but I feel I can sort this out now. 😊

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Sounds like a perfect plan. It's easier than you think.

[@CelticSpirit7]

@@Paulzimmermanroses It seemed easy to begin with when I purchased my rose and then I was overthinking it...I watched your video and feel much reassured that I can achieve this. 😊🤞 Thanks again for simplifying it.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@CelticSpirit7 You're welcome.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@betheyb The main thing to remember is cold wind does roses in more than cold temperatures. So if you get a real cold snap you may want to cover it with burlap or something like that. You can also get frost cloths. Our forum would be a good place to ask this question as well. I can post a link here but it's paulzimmermanroses-com-forum. Just replace the - with a /

[@corinagul612]

Paul you are great fun to watch, esp when u made a jump for it 😅

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks! 😃

[@chrisr7655]

EXCELLENT TUTORIAL 😁😁😁😁😁 THANK YOU FOR SHARING 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thanks for watching!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@n1les No probs to buy a trellis now. Just set it up and start tying the rose in.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

It will send up the same long canes. You can peg them or let them fall about and it will grow into a loose shrub fashion. This works best with climbing roses that have pliable canes. The stiffer caned varieties will just grow up into the air and could get broken off, or the rose could come loose in windy conditions.

[@Grayywings]

Excellent video for a beginner like me! Thank you!

[@TheodorosSpantios]

great advise for me as a beginner and good idea also.Thanks

[@n1les]

Hi i bought a white rose bush years ago from a garden store and i didnt know what kind it was, and last year it started really growing and getting too long for where it is and i made the branches over the wall it was in front of. Can i buy a trellis now and tie the branches to it? Or am i too late to do anything? Thanks so much :)

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Great, glad to know they are helping.

[@chatoanil]

Thank you Paul. explained it very clearly ! :)

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You are welcome!

[@gardengal3]

Mr. Zimmerman, Thank you for all the informative and fun videos!! I have learned so much about training a rose to climb thanks to you. I am looking all over the web for more information about the care and training of climbers during the growing season. (hint-video idea ;) -At 00:48, when you are showing the laterals, your laterals are all pointing up and about same height; Does that mean that you cut off all the lateral buds on the horizontal main cane that were not going in that direction when you did your early spring pruning? Also, if so, should that strategy continue throughout the growing season? How are all laterals the same height on your featured rose?! Is it the rose cultivar or pruning strategy? My Zephirine Drouhin rose's laterals on the same main stem grow 4in, 8in, 6in, etc. I know that leaves are necessary to the rose so I'm afraid to prune too much and leave it without enough leaves for energy. -During the growing season, if one wants a very tidy look, should laterals be pruned to 2 or 3 bud eyes or can lateral length (of 3 or 4 inches) also work as a strategy? What does one do with laterals that grow in front of the higher row? I have one foot between each horizontal. Should I have more than 1 foot between rows? -During the growing season, when new main stems grow from the base, what does one do with those? Start training them for the replacement next season? Also, some start growing in directions that seem undesirable, i.e. towards the wall at 180 deg or away from the trellis, should those be removed as soon as one notices them? -I'm giving the rose a 'horizontal cordon' espalier type shape. The center vertical area has 7 stems that are bent horizontal. Should the vertical section buds be cut? Or should some buds be allowed? Which stems does one allow to bud so as not to have overcrowding but still have leaves for energy? Most of my questions have to do with the espaliered manner I'd like to train this trellised rose and its care during the growing season. Details about the growing season care of a climbing rose are hard to find!! There's a real information void in this area. I'm not sure if this is done with roses or even recommended. I picked this rose because it's nearly thornless and smells heavenly but I'm wondering if I should have selected a different cultivar for what I'd like to do? My son just walked by and commented, "Yikes that's a long comment!!!" Thanks again for all the great videos :)

[@eamonnszwec2228]

Paul is the best...Thank you

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Thank you!

[@bowler8]

I wondered why my climbers only had roses at the top...very informative

[@HorsesandCo657]

thank you so much for this tips.

[@marc666foryou]

Just wondering, what happens when you have a climber but not a structure? can it become sort of a shrub? Will it send long shoots canes and bend them for pegging? Will it just stay in the ground?

[@Theknotman1964]

Thanks for posting

[@ibkTim]

What does this pillar rose look like now? Must be beautiful this season!

[@Starbuckin]

Excellent vid, presentation and information! Thanks!

[@vladimirjezovic5655]

Hello! We met once in Prague, Czech republik (Rosa club). Useful vid! Please, how do you fix rose shoots on this trellis? Thanks!

[@dunbardunelm3924]

Perfect 👌🏾

[@dobergirlz]

I have a climber in an air pot, up against a trellis and I am using your method to train it. If I were to want to plant it in the gound I suppose I would have to undo it from the trellis because it would be approximately 17" lower in the ground than in the air pot. Correct? Then I would have to redo it? I'm very new at this so hoping this makes sense. I put it in an airpot so I would be able to move it to a better spot permanently if it didn't like where I originally placed it.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Makes perfect sense and yes, you would have to take it off the trellis.

[@Aurorasocali]

Very helpful, thank you!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You're welcome!

[@MrHeem94]

Awesome guy

[@md50md]

Thanks for the video. How many main cane do you leave on a 1-2 year old rose. I was told to only leave 1 but I see you have many. Any help?

[@emilybeautyfold]

What is the best trellis for producing the effect of blooms covering or climbing against the side of a house? I have 4 climbing roses and thinking of combining two and using three trellises. I'm not sure if I should attach it to the house in case it causes damage ...plus I likely will be installing myself and I'm a newbie.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

A trellis can be wire or wood either attached to the house or free standing. Anything will do as long as it allows you to train the roses properly. If you are worried about damaging the house I would suggest a trellis held up by posts which is what is in the video. You can by trellis panels at most any lumber store.

[@jonathanjimenez5793]

How would you take this technique to a 3 year old rose that has mostly vertical canes of main growth from graft?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You may be able to bend them over time in stages. Bend them until you feel they can't go much further. Tie them in and then about 2-3 months later see if you can bend them some more.

[@betheyb]

I have watched many of your videos and they are excellent. I just have one question. After espaliering my climbing Peach rose what kind of winter protection can I do (zone 5)

[@diintheuk4425]

Thank you very much for your top tips Paul! I feel I've learned so much from you and gained a lot of confidence to have a go at my climbing roses this year. A quick question: I pirchased two bareroot climbing oses. What would you say if I planted two climbing roses at opposite end of a trellis (one from the left end and the other from the right end) and let them weave and intermingle for that full effect, as opposed to letting one rose fill up the bottom half and the other growing aling the top half? I'd appreciate your advice. Thank you.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I do this all the time. My main trellis has 4 roses on it. 2 on each side

[@diintheuk4425]

@@Paulzimmermanroses Thank you for your advice Paul! I was worried I might end up letting my roses "choke" each other to death and the ensuing failures. So relived to know professinals like you do it all the time even though I'm a novice. As a newbie gardener I learn so much from your videos. And I appreciate you going out of your way to make funny jokes and try help us get not too serious & complicated about roses and gardening. Lots of respect to you!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@diintheuk4425 Keep in mind we are all newbies at some point. You learn though of course reading and watch, but also through trial and error. This is a video I did that may help as well. kzbin.info/www/bejne/hJzconSAgKp0btk.

[@lorigoudeau611]

Can i feed my lady banks roses back and forth throughout the lattice? (so i don't have to tie them)....AND- i am using these roses for privacy....so more concerned about filling up my lattice areas, than the actual rose blooms...thoughts?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You can but just keep in mind if you ever want to paint the trellis it will make it more difficult

[@chametake7713]

Hi Paul..when there’s crossing canes... how do you make sure they dont rub on each other when the stalks get big?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

If you tie them in snug enough that should be a problem. This isn't like a shrub where they have freedom of movement.

[@chametake7713]

Paul Zimmerman Roses thanks for the quick reply.. more power to you n your channel.. Your videos are informative and very entertaining...

[@kokoteta46810]

Hi, Paul love all your videos, please advice about wood ash, can we feed the roses wood ash from burned wood to feed roses in winter? Please advice. Many thx

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I've always read that feeding wood ash is not a good idea so I wouldn't do it.

[@pritchetty]

Great tips!

[@djmommymom]

Watching this 14yrs later 😂 But have a question - When buying a climbing rose, re: the height...if a variety is "10" feet, does that mean if I were to run it horizontally in a Zig Zag pattern (to ensure fullness on my trellis) that I should expect a much shorter plant? 0r does it mean I shouldn't need to run it zig-zag, it will bloom horizontally all the way up to 10 ft?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

It means the canes will reach 10'. If you zig zag it then it will be shorter. If you run it straight up to 10' it will only bloom on top. You need the zig zagging to cause it to bloom all along the cane.

[@kristinalowe9819]

Excellent video! I’ve been doing it wrong!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Glad it helped!

[@ASouthern419]

I just planted my yellow climber today. It's not really big but a nice size. Got from a nursery, I do have a trellis behind it, should I start training now ?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

April S Yes. You want to start training it as soon as possible.

[@ASouthern419]

Okay that's what I thought. This is my first rose bush lol. Thank you for getting back with me I appreciate it.

[@shanemccoy419]

Hello again I just love you. I have a fence that I have started some William Baffin roses on they were purchased last year and know the golden rule 1st year they sleep 2nd year they creap and 3rd year they leep so I think this applies to all plants now my question is the roses where small when planted there are some mourning glories on this fence to they covered the roses which I took them off and kept them cleaned up will they work together or should I pull all the mourning glories. Just wanted to bend you ear. Love your insight. Let me know what you think Love Shane .

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Hi There, Pull the morning glory. Very invasive and not a good combination with roses. You can plant clematis instead. Go very well together.

[@shanemccoy419]

@@Paulzimmermanroses thank you for the great info. I will pull the mourning glories and then if I want to do clematis which one would you highly recommend? I like the fall clematis but maybe you might recommend another variety. Thank you again Love Shane P.S. my zone 6b

[@shanemccoy419]

@@Paulzimmermanroses hey I was also wondering if you know what I need to make my crape bloom more. They have plenty of sun and I have used bill's fertilizer in the past should I use crape specific fertilizer. Thank you. SHANE

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@shanemccoy419 That's not an area I know much about. I would suggest your local garden center. They will likely know.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@shanemccoy419 Any variety clematis will do. I tend to go towards blues and purples because those are colors you don't see in roses.

[@corinagul612]

Hi Paul, we watched this many times and my husband has a question. In winter, should we strip the main cane of all the lateral canes before training it?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

No, I would simply cut them back to about 12" long. No need to strip them.

[@corinagul612]

@@Paulzimmermanroses OK, will do. Is that "12 inches"? Sorry, I'm not familiar with the " symbol, we use the metric system

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

that is 12 inches or 30 cm. Thanks! @@corinagul612

[@cashrules520]

Very funny dude. Gotcha 2 is better than 1... when wanting them to grow on a trellis.. I planted a redbud, I'm hoping my Rose's climb the branches

[@sammype]

Can the leaves be removed before training against trellis? All the other videos I've watched show bare canes without leaves so I ended up doing just that before finding this video.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You can remove them or leave them on.

[@sammype]

@@Paulzimmermanroses Thanks Paul! 🌹🌹🌹🌹You are awesome and really good at teaching others. By the way, does it really matter if the main canes are cut? I have several that were cut (unintentionally)but the Dawn climbing roses I have are growing just fine (with several of the main canes remaining dormant). I bought the roses about 3 months ago.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@sammype If the rose is that young it might not make much difference but as it matures it does. Cutting the main canes will force the rose to focus on growth at the expense of flowering.

[@MsAnj07]

Hi, Watching your video is really great.. very informative! I have one question, how do you manage the pest in the roses, like larvae? They really bothered me... is insecticidal soap is worth a try?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I manage them by creating an environment that brings in beneficial insects. Because of this I don't have to use sprays. But, insecticidal soaps will help

[@llittle725]

Have a question Paul.... I can not get horizontal or 45 because my arch trellis is only about 12 inches wide... How can I possibly do anything but vertical for my rose cane? Same problem on the climbing rose growing up my gazebo posts... as you probably have guessed I get long canes that grow 6 to 8 feet tall and blooms are mostly to the top... What am I to do? (by the way... I enjoy you videos)

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

On the gazebo post you can try pillaring the rose. I've got a video on that How To Pillar A Rose. For the 12" trellis there isn't much you can do. You could try an adapted form of the pillar method by wrapping the canes around the trellis but if your arch isn't very wide this may lead to problems when you walk through it. The other alternative is to grow a similar/shorter rose to cover the bottom of the arch. See this vid. Covering An Arbor With Roses

[@sue75as45]

Thnks

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You're welcome.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

On a young rose I'd leave as many as you can. Only start cutting them out when they get older and are replaced by new ones. Generally that will start in the 4th-5th year.

[@toddjoos8520]

I have a Cape Diamond rose that was not trellis. It is now out of control. Will it hurt the rose if I pruned it and started to train it to trellis?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

No, it won't hurt it. It just won't flower for a while.

[@odinthewonderlab6452]

This is so helpful!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I'm so glad!

[@CoFFee123..]

How many main canes can a climbing rose have?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

As many as there is room for. No limits.

[@CoFFee123..]

@@Paulzimmermanroses Thanks. When I heard the word “ main”, I thought only keep ONE cane and cut off the rest 😱

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@CoFFee123.. I never thought of that. I'll try to use main canes plural in future.

[@CoFFee123..]

@@Paulzimmermanroses I have a Seven Sisters rose plant grown in a pot for about 2 years . Still no blooms. Last year, I tried to cut several canes from the plant thinking that I need to keep only one. But the canes are so thick and so thorny and I don’t have a sharp scissors and so I couldn’t cut them. This was a result of watching a KZbin video that said “ keep the main cane “ in the singular sense. Thanks for the clarification.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

@@CoFFee123.. Thanks and that helps. Seven Sisters is a large rose. Might not be happy in a pot.

[@ebnaime]

Thanks Paul... I only discovered your videos this year, just in time for my spring project of pruning and training my roses. QUESTION! Other books and videos are telling me not to allow the canes to cross... here you deliberately cross them. That'd work better for the roses and the trellises I have to work with, but do you do anything to protect the canes from this cane-on-cane wear everyone seems to be worried about? Or has that just not been an issue with trellised climbers?

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

You generally don't want that on loose canes because as they blow in the breeze they will run against each other. In this case you are tying them to the trellis so there is little movement.

[@SM-lx4ws]

Really confused cos some gardeners say rose canes shouldn't crisscross or rub against eachother and to give it a vase shape structure so there's plenty of air circulation.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

That's for bushes. For climbers it's okay.

[@SM-lx4ws]

@@Paulzimmermanroses Oh ok. Thanks for clarifying :)

[@kevinventura1]

I learned something new today thankz.

[@Nigredo1974]

That was helpful. Thanks.

[@claudiajeanneagentis27]

Hi Paul....Do you tie the canes to the trellis? If so, what do you use to tie them and do you retie as they grow? I enjoyed your video :)) This is my first climbing rose bush and trellis attempt...

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Claudia Jeanne Agentis You do tie them in. Roses don't latch onto the trellis on their own. Best thing is to visit your local garden center and ask for plant tie. They'll have some choices. As they continue to grow you will need to keep tying them in.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

In the case of climbers that doesn't really apply. Also, I know from experience if you select disease resistant varieties that rule really doesn't apply.

[@stephenfield8637]

Best easy to understand on Web.

[@jessicagomez6621]

Thank you so much now I know why my roses are no awesome like I wish 😁

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Great!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Unfortunately it's at my old nursery property. Likely doesn't exist anymore.

[@toddjoos8520]

Thank you. It will just hurt me when I prune it. 😅

[@oldmanfromscenetwentyfour8164]

Wear Gloves then

[@m06een00]

I thought you were not supposed to cross rose branches as that restricts air circulation and encourages fungal problems, black spot, rust etc.

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

I wish I could help but I really only know roses!

[@Paulzimmermanroses]

Leave as many healthy ones as you can. The more canes, the fuller the plant, the more rose blossoms.

[@erikacruz3639]

Life Saver!!!!

[@lullasierra1]

Invest in a new camera or put it on a tripod. I could hardly see the first three minutes it was so hazy. Otherwise, really appreciated the info. Thank you.

[@wolfxinstein]

funny guy

[@luckmanism]

God, glad I'm not his neighbor.