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About Trang An
🌱 Address: Gia Sinh Commune, Gia Vien District, Ninh Binh, Viet Nam
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Located in Ninh Binh Province of North Viet Nam, the Tràng An Landscape Complex (Tràng An) is a mixed cultural and natural property contained mostly within three protected areas, the Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, the Tràng An-Tam Coc-Bich Dong Scenic Area, and the Hoa Lu Special-Use Primary Forest. The property covers 6,172 ha within the Tràng An limestone massif, and is surrounded by a buffer zone of 6,079 ha, mostly comprising rice paddy fields. Tràng An is administered by the Ninh Binh Provincial People’s Committee and managed by the Tràng An Landscape Complex Management Board.
On 23rd June 2014, at its meeting in Doha, Qatar, the World Heritage Committee of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) officially inscribed Trang An Landscape Complex on the World Heritage list. The Committee recognized the Outstanding Universal Value of Trang An based on three criteria: cultural value (criterion v), scenic and aesthetic value (criterion vii) and geological and geomorphological value (criterion viii).
Tràng An exhibits an outstanding humid tropical, limestone tower karst landscape, which is considered to be a model of its kind and of outstanding global geological significance. Dissection of an uplifted limestone massif has reached the final stages of karst evolution, and the modern landscape contains a wide range of classical karst landforms, including spectacular cones, towers and transitional karst hills, surrounded by a network of closed depressions and valleys inter-connected by an intricate system of caves, including many subterranean waterways. Formed by the interaction of some major regional tectonic structures and events, the area is unique in having been invaded and reworked by the sea several times in the recent geological past but is now exposed on land. Landform development over more than five million years has produced a scenic landscape of extraordinary beauty with exceptional aesthetic qualities - a blend of towering cliff-bounded mountains, draped in a natural cover of rain forest, surrounded by huge and deeply developed internal basins whose clear and quietly flowing waters are connected through a maze of underground caverns and streams, many of which are navigable by sampans carrying visitors.
Archaeological deposits in many caves reveal a regionally significant, continuous sequence of human occupation and utilization spanning more than 30,000 years. There is convincing evidence showing how early human groups adapted to changing landscapes in the massif, including some of the most extreme climatic and environmental changes in the planet’s recent history. The Tràng An property is now recognized as being outstanding in Southeast Asia as an exceptionally rich repository of information for demonstrating human-environment interaction in Late Pleistocene and Holocene time period. In historic times the inhabitants of Tràng An continuously evolved their cultural identity in close harmony with the natural landscape, establishing the first three dynasties of the independent feudal Viet Nam more than one thousand years ago and the country’s first political capital.