Transcription in prokaryotes

Prokaryotic transcription is the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into RNA. It occurs in the cytoplasm, involving a single type of RNA polymerase. The process begins with the binding of RNA polymerase to a promoter region on the DNA. The enzyme unwinds the DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand from the DNA template. Transcription ends at a terminator sequence, releasing the newly formed RNA. Prokaryotic transcription is often coupled with translation, allowing rapid response to environmental changes. Regulatory mechanisms, such as operons, enable efficient and coordinated expression of genes.

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