Transport Layer Security (TLS) - Computerphile

It's absolutely everywhere, but what is TLS and where did it come from? Dr Mike Pound explains the background behind this ubiquitous Internet security protocol.
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This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley.
Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: bit.ly/nottscomputer
Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran's Numberphile. More at www.bradyharan.com

[@cody7888]

I’m a simple man... I see Dr. Mike Pound, I click

[@allwhatyouwant]

Try that in real life

[@PeteMcDonald]

@Peter Lustig We're not gonna feed you here, buddy.

[@umka7536]

Mike is my favorite expert on Computerphile. The way he explains things about security is very clear, but also has some useful historical facts.

[@views8962]

This is a very engaging way of teaching.

[@alext9558]

that's the trait of the smartest and impassioned teachers. They're able to get your attention with the toughest topics.

[@rashidxd]

looks like Alice and Bob are in quarantine like the rest of us :)

[@eobardthawne6903]

@@AWES0MEDEFENDER it was actually the first one that got so much hype lol

[@realshaoran4514]

Poor Alice and Bob, now they can't communicate with each other.

[@nirui.o]

@@realshaoran4514 Oh they still can, if they yell really really loud in their room just like my actual neighbors. The only problem is my neighbors knows nothing about TLS.

[@ikeralfonso2047]

i dont mean to be so offtopic but does anybody know a tool to log back into an Instagram account?? I stupidly forgot the login password. I would love any tips you can give me

[@byronharlem7238]

@Iker Alfonso instablaster :)

[@psteknyo]

Please do a video on Macromedia Flash - How it worked, how it affected Internet culture and why it's being deprecated.

[@MrKarma4ya]

Great Idea!

[@miran248]

It started as an alternative (replacement) to gif and as such it had actual frames (12 frames at 12fps would be 1s in length) which were loaded progressively. This means that once actionscript was introduced you could execute the code (show preloaders; play sounds, animations, ..) before the app was fully loaded(!) - that's one of the things i loved about flash and still miss in today's tech. Instead of hundreds of requests that we do today, there were only a few in flash - webassembly might change that.

[@RichardBuckerCodes]

I think Microsoft announced that they have permanently removed flash with the latest version of Win10/

[@Acorn_Anomaly]

@@RichardBuckerCodes Their built-in version, anyway, that I believe was used for Edge. You can still install it yourself, if you want to for some reason. Google will be removing Flash from Chrome in December.

[@Divv]

It was deprecated because browsers started to support video natively with HTML5. Steve Jobs answers this brilliantly on a All Things Digital interview done some years ago.

[@lawrencedoliveiro9104]

5:47 If you think about it, the OSI seven-layer model included a “presentation” layer, between “transport” and “application”, that nobody could fit into the reality of TCP/IP very well. But SSL/TLS fills that layer very nicely.

[@ywanhk9895]

we are actually using TLS to learn TLS if you think about it

[@signalworks]

Same thing for tutorials about anything relating to technology though - JavaScript, html, databases, RF engineering, photolithography, power infrastructure, just to name a few

[@h-0058]

@@signalworks You could even say something similar when you learn anything. You are using something to learn how to use that thing For example, you use math to learn how math works

[@signalworks]

@@h-0058 I think there's a slight difference between the use of the word "use" - building on basics to learn deeper concepts is one thing, but having the knowledge delivered to you by application of the knowledge itself is another.

[@Mathijs303]

Dr Mike Pound is my favorite scientist on Computerphile. Also IMHO the best teacher in this domain on KZbin.

[@misophoniq]

Ah, yes... the 90s. Great computer times. We had hubs instead of routers. Blasting all the data to all the port, hoping that only the intended recipient would actually grab it. Or token-ring networks, even worse. With the right tools, you could just grab all the data that was intended for other users in the network, like chats, visited websites, video stream. Fun times...

[@kaisergurdeep]

🤣 LOL ah fun times

[@GamingBlake2002]

Wireless networks work the same way though

[@churchers]

The modern replacement for a hub would be a switch really, we still had routers back then and they serve a different purpose to a hub/switch.

[@vinny142]

@@GamingBlake2002 Yes but the data is all encrypted so "the right tools" includes getting the encryption key.

[@GamingBlake2002]

@@vinny142 But the application data may not necessarily be encrypted, and the encryption done by the router can be reversed, since you're also connected to the network and therefore have the key.

[@Shaunnism]

Thank you for this video. Im a networking student and theres all sorts of little tidbits that professors miss (they only have so many hours for lectures). I'm truely grateful for this channel as a whole.

[@rafaelbianco252]

The world needs the part 2 of this video! Nicely done guys!

[@AbhishekAhuja0207]

can't stress enough how mike's history lessons are the reason why we understand so much from him :-)

[@Itsweet5533]

The "history lesson" in the first half was extremely helpful. I find it much easier to understand concepts and that they are much stickier in the memory with the story. thanks

[@bentaye]

Seeing the Netscape browser makes me so nostalgic! My first time using the internet at age 20 :)

[@Alchemetica]

Another entertaining and educational Computerphile. Each academic has an interesting style and presentation, if Mike Pound is not just research-based but takes the odd class, It would be interesting to watch a vox pop from a cohort of his students to see if they enjoy his classes as much as I enjoy his presentation style. There could well be a whole documentary lurking in the background based on following the presenters over a semester. Their challenges of funding, hierarchy, student and staff interaction, the production of Computerphile, resources, and more. 👀

[@Sam-up5ju]

Roll on the next video! What would I do without DR. Pound's knowledge and Sean's great questions - thanks guys :)

[@scwfan08]

Mike is always my favourite guest

[@keninswed]

Keep getting back here for this, just gets better every iteration...

[@wiilillad]

Mike Pound is always a pleasure.

[@exponentmantissa5598]

Technically TCP layer packages its data in segments and the IP layer uses datagrams. Sometimes people get confused when the term packet gets used to represent things at the different layers.

[@TheGreatMaverick]

Mike: very, very clever. Sean: Does it ever go wrong? Mike: yes! All the time 14:12

[@klfjoat]

I'm gonna need that handshake video. These vids are great, and i give them to fledgling infosec people.

[@83vbond]

Loved the history lesson too! Thank you for bringing on the nostalgia. The Netscape N with a starry night was brilliant. I was waiting for a shooting star

[@h2_]

Anyone ever notice he uses the word "alright" as punctuation?

[@christopherlawley1842]

It's a teacher thing

[@htcmlcrip]

Ilp start adding alright instead of punctuation in my text

[@havetacitblue]

It’s a Limey thing...or sniffing a la Billy Idol.

[@JonathanBeri]

Great intro! Would love to see DTLS & TLS 1.3 covered in the future!

[@autohmae]

I suspect 2 or more videos after this, one or 2 going deeper into basically everything up to TLS1.2 and then a third which talks about all the new TLS1.3 stuff.

[@Valery0p5]

Bumping this comment because if I remember correctly the older versions of TLS have been deprecated nowadays

[@havetacitblue]

Only 1.3 should be used at this point,,,

[@mathwithjanine]

Dr Mike is awesome! Great explanation!

[@superjugy]

Love videos from Dr Mike!

[@bimbumbamdolievori]

I love the blue IE progress bar with the IP shown below.. bring back memories!!!

[@cheaterman49]

This video is awesome. I've dealt with both SSL and TLS, even had to cherry pick ciphers for a reliable (safe) SSL, I figured there was some history behind this mess but didn't expect it to be so interesting :-) admittedly Mike makes everything interesting hahaha!

[@BritishBeachcomber]

Takes me back to around 1984 when I developed, from scratch, a secure IT communication system for the London Metropolitan Police using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) 7 layer model, based on the "Blue Book" standard.

[@lohphat]

It was Dr.Taher Elgamal the security researcher who lead the team for the development of SSL at Netscape. He is known as the “Father of SSL”.

[@abdullahbukhari1469]

I absolutely love Dr.Mike, have been codin' for more than 10 hours today and the sort of satisfaction I get from him explaining is unbelievable. Wish he had a KZbin channel

[@wannabedal-adx458]

whoa, wait up. The video ended??!?!?!?! I was learning so much!!! Also, keep bringing the history lessons. Very helpful!!!

[@mattjclay]

I see Mike, everything else stops.

[@shaun_rambaran]

No pen spins today, but I just noticed his very strange common P.

[@klyanadkmorr]

Da POUND, POUNDin it

[@rajeshprajapati1851]

Well explained the history, I would love to watch him talking about POODLE, BEAST, BREACH, CRIME attacks on different versions of TLS/SSL.

[@qzbnyv]

Honestly, don’t apologise for the history lesson! I love them. From you Mike, from Prof Brailsford, it’s all great. The how-to can always come in a later vid (-:

[@kyrond]

Great video, I love Dr Mike Pound!

[@marklonergan3898]

Looking forward to part 2. Side-note, the amount of times the OSI model is referenced but i dont think i ever saw a vid on it. I'd love an in-depth one on that.

[@playmaker4053]

honnest, hold a entire OSI model on a 20minutes format video isnt reallistic, 4-5videos maybe

[@marklonergan3898]

@@playmaker4053 only talking about doing an overview. Wasn't suggesting going into detail about each protocol or anything. Anyone that knows the model well could easily talk about it for hours, but that doesn't mean you can't give a 20-minute overview to anyone that doesn't know it. For each layer, here's the name, its overall purpose is this, here is a list of a few of the protocols at this layer. Even this approach might be helpful to newcomers and would only take a few minutes to list, leaving plenty of room to go into more detail where they want and leave room for padding with banter. 🤣

[@moises8war]

I really enjoyed those 9.5 minutes of history lesson!

[@kaisergurdeep]

Great video and very useful with the history being explained first

[@omarbousbia6916]

Great educational video as usual 👍

[@St1ckl3r]

This channel is super cool!

[@TylerWasick]

I vote for another video talking about the handshakes.

[@mr.t877]

You guys are awesome to say the least!

[@oliverzhang6102]

Love it. Keep up with the good work! thanks!

[@carlson6022]

Rooooters? Lol this guy is my hero. I love the off the cuff history lesson and technical info simultaneously.

[@technickuk]

Love these videos, they're really informative and break things down nicely to be understandable. Please keep making them. However, why is the host Sean Riley dressed up as the Ready-Brek man!? 😁👍

[@ChrisWalshZX]

Excellent video. NN and IE history was really interesting. Next video... Public Key Authentication process?

[@riceman78]

So well explained! Thanks!

[@giveaway4002]

Please I can't wait for next video!!!!!!!

[@maikellopez1886]

Excellent explanation

[@ITsikkerhet]

Better than a 2h lecture i had today.

[@asafnisan]

The history lesson was quite important, in my opinion. So thanks for that.

[@Jesseeeeee]

I wanna hear Mike say "My name is Pound, Mike Pound"

[@RussellRiker]

Thank you as always for wonderful content. I really wish I lived closer to your University so I could take classes in person (when the human malware is over). It's also nice to see another lefty. 👍😂

[@nauthic3p0]

Great to see what carries you away :D

[@lesmo34]

I love how the brown paper got upgraded

[@dmahadeo]

Well done. 👍 Simple enough for beginners. Just right.

[@jingcao1541]

I am watching my previous teacher’s KZbin video to prepare for my current job interview 😂

[@matiasm.3124]

Very nice .. next video can you explain the low level details.. exchanges between client server and CAs public side ?

[@anirudhbrahmajosyulw8650]

Wow this awesome man!

[@tramsgar]

MS are still but wholes albeit in more subtle ways now. Thanks for reminding and/or educating on that topic 😉

[@masettyvivek8155]

This guy is the best !!

[@EnTHuSiAsTx94]

Loved the history lesson in the beginning

[@goldfish8196]

Excellent professor

[@ue9578]

A video about the weak implementation of the DeFi protocol in Harvest exploit would be interesting. The attacker used a padding oracle attack as I understood.

[@georgeg1126]

Great video.

[@drskelebone]

Am I more drunk than expected, or is the background shifting colors, especially towards the end of the video?

[@Computerphile]

Yes Mike's camera is on auto white balance and the sun kept coming out changing the brightness & colour temperature - hth -Sean

[@trefmanic]

It's an interesting coincidence that hash symbol (#) is also called a 'pound' and Dr. Pound is talking about cryptography :-)

[@Zeecarver]

Dr. Pound was touched by the Hand of Midas for this one

[@Zohdiak]

This guy is awesome!

[@NumptyGrumble]

A video on TLS handshaking would be interesting.

[@rasathuraisivaram8301]

This is an abstract view of TLS. Waiting for the Next One

[@rasathuraisivaram8301]

@Stay EZ My Friends Thanks Buddy

[@Syphdias]

Could you do a video on STARTTLS/STLS and how it differs from normal TLS?

[@randomorgan5891]

Who is this teacher? Does he do any online training or something ? Would love to be a student of his. His explanations are by far most constructive and most ear pleasing to hear.

[@SoulJah876]

This was timely - I'm using IISCrypto to harden some web servers all week. Thank you.

[@coolnormal]

Does anybody know what program Dr Pound is using to draw on his surface tablet?

[@keithmoon2718]

I like the history lessons. No need to apologise for the history lessons!

[@thuokagiri5550]

MIke Pound : The Richard Feynman of computer science

[@vinaychand8101]

I do have question on how our udp works with tsl. Suppose we are having a video call on zoom, we are using udp for video and voice right? how are those communications secured?

[@michaelbredell]

Yes please make another video showing the handshakes etc :D

[@TheSam1902]

9:33 THAT'S A DISCORD NOTIFICATION BEEP ! So you're using Zoom, Teams, and Discord ? Interesting

[@daniellambert6207]

Great content. May I recommend a lav lapel mic for Dr. Mike Pound? The room reverb was a tiny bit distracting

[@OKEKOBEB]

Could someone please tell me what tablet is that and which software if you know about it?

[@Choco-wu6ju]

Can I request a topic? I'd love to see some videos about HTTP/3 and QUIC

[@BritishBeachcomber]

6:52 you don't need to patent something to stop others from doing so. You just release it into the public domain, automatically preventing any future patents.

[@ridaennasry2558]

the history lesson is awesome btw

[@rickelmonoggin]

I was enjoying the history lesson!

[@Cofcos]

What odd timing. Just last week I was having a problem where everything that used TLS, notably KZbin, was extremely slow while anything that didn't, notably games, worked perfectly fine. After much work, I was able to narrow the problem down to TLS but nothing I did fixed it. And yes, I tried everything that should've fixed it. In the end, it seems to have fixed itself and I suspect it was an ISP problem... Oh, well, I learned quite a bit about how networking works and changed to a better browser...

[@YouPlague]

Hey, I liked the history lesson!

[@nwpgunner]

Does tls prevent eavesdropping when using proxies or vpns?

[@dodoslavn]

how can hearthbleed extract ram of other programs? are they locked in virtual memory space?

[@jerkshop]

I wish this guy's my mentor.

[@richardhunter132]

the history is certainly useful for understanding why the technology is as it is today.it's not just a nostalgia trip

[@hellowill]

Any vid on SNI?

[@Flying0Dismount]

Can you comment on services that are using wildcard certs for encrypting, especially CDNs where this could create major inter-tenant security issues...

[@vadrif-draco]

4:37 SSL: Secure Socket Slayer

[@tukangbobo]

Realy like when he talk about the history.

[@myronwoods40]

Hey does anyone know what pad hes using to write on?

[@bryan69087]

MORE MIKE POUND

[@oresteszoupanos]

In for a penny, in for a Pound!