Transverse and Longitudinal Wave Demonstration - A level and IGCSE Physics

A demonstration of the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves using a slinky..

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This helped me a lot since i don't have a slinky at home so thank you!

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[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

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[@___xyz___]

1:14 Sound basically has two components: Frequency (being how rapidly the wave oscillates) and Amplitude (being its _strength_ or intensity). In this example, only the Frequency is taken into account. The Amplitude could be thought of as the spiral's radius, which in a slinky is unchanging. This is _not_ the same as transverse, which means the whole wave at any time is being displaced from its direction! Sound, being pressure in air, always points straight to whatever it's directed at. Water waves go up and down, so if you tried to lie something tangent to the rising or falling slope of its wave, it would not point horizontally; to where the wave is directed. Therefore it is transverse. Light waves need all three dimensions of space to work, so both the dimensions that are not in its direction, are oscillating perpendicularly to each other. We know this because if we shine light through a polarising filter that allows practically only one dimension through, all light disappears. Therefore light must be a transverse wave of two wave components. Interestingly, if both components are in phase, we trace out a three dimensional spiral, like the slinky. :-)

[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

Is that what is meant by right-hand and left-hand polarization? When the wave spirals?

[@___xyz___]

That is, in terms that a student can understand, whether the spiral goes clockwise or counterclockwise in the direction of the (in this case) light, determined by the phase difference between its x and y. There are pictures with some really nice gradients called *spiral phase plates* that show this phenomenon if you look up *optical vortex.* Given that it is an electromagnetic wave, the same right hand _rule_ that describes the forces on positive charged particles moving through a magnetic field, also applies to light. If that's something you're already familiar with, it serves as a good analogy for the chosen terminology. For those interested in how phase shift works, I recommend to take a look at *lissajous figures* for some beautiful symmetry.

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[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

Glad it helped!

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i learned more from this than i did from 2 different schools one in depth a little more the other just skimming and pictures teh videos i had to watch weere way longer tyhan this anbd i still got more now lets hope i dont forget this again

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Lets hope

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This video solved many doubts about the longitudinal waves 😀😀

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[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

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now I want a slinky for some reason

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You mean a wave demonstration module..

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Sometimes I think if I could go back and do it again given that almost 200,000 people have now watched me play with a spring...

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[@muhammadmutahirshah6510]

In spring why compression and rarefrection are produced?

[@jonathanwilliams1776]

I'm going to start by linking you to this video, where you can see the hand that's making the wave kzbin.info/www/bejne/fXrOlnp4jdaKjZI The compression is caused by the guy's hand pushing on the end of the slinky. This then 'pushes' against the next bit of the slinky. This then compresses that, while the initial bit decompresses. At some instant, the adjacent bits of the slinky will be stretched/compressed by the same amount. However they are both moving, so the bit that is decompression stretches out and the bit that is compressing becomes compressed. This then compresses the next section in the same way, while the first part returns to equilibrium through friction and air resistance (AKA dampening). I hope that helps

[@muhammadmutahirshah6510]

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[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

Thanks!

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@@muhammadmutahirshah6510 You're welcome!

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@@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy I'm a physics teacher and I'm using this for my class as it's exactly what I was going to demonstrate for them if lockdown hadn't happened.

[@bidyadaw9023]

I still have a problem in visualisation...like here he used a slinky, where basically the particles r connected with each other, like if one moves obviously it will move it's other part also, like it's basically the same wire bent in spirals...but in real life, it works with molecules, where the molecules r obviously independent, they are not attached to each other...I really want to visualise how it works in gases, liquids and solids like in molecular level😭😭 ig I am the only one thinking too much here😭😭🤧😞

[@ChrisGozzardThatPhysicsGuy]

The particles bump into each other. Can you visualise that?

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Its a wave demostration module!

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