[TUTORIAL] DIY fluidyne thermoacoustic 'Stirling' engine (step by step instructions) "OXIMORON"

#stirlingengine, #stirling, #diy, #laminaflow, #oximoron, #thermoacoustic, , #homemade, #fluidyne, #heatengine, #howtomake, #bladeattila
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[TUTORIAL] DIY fluidyne thermoacoustic 'Stirling' engine (step by step instructions) "OXIMORON"
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This tutorial shows step by step how to build an inexpensive and simple "oximoron" Stirling engine/pulse tube Stirling/Lamina flow engine/liquid lamina or fluidyne.
If you want to build your own engine:
Aliexpress // Test tubes are available here in 5pcs package: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_9J4mnm
U-shaped tube available here: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_Af0sqy
Amazon// Test tubes are available here: amzn.to/3mpJhqX
U-shaped tube available here: amzn.to/3pgN1Nl
Thanks for your watching and all the comments you wrote to me! I'll answer it ASAP!
BLADE
This is a simple water piston engine what I called "OXIMORON" heat engine because this is a thermoacoustical heat engine with NO noise! Acoustical engine with no noise???
This is an Oximoron. :D
The Thermal lag engine invented by Tailer in 1995. This is an external combustion heat engine, a Stirling like engine. Yes, just "like" because the cycle looks like Stirling but not really effective as the original Stirling cycle.
The engine has no solid moving parts in, just a power piston. This type of engine is on the edge between the mechanical and the acoustical Stirling engines. It works on a resonant point. The frequency is tunable with few parameters as I mentioned in my video. The prime mover version works with heat input in resonance. The changed version when we drive the piston to create oscillation what they called Pulse tube engine could create cryo tempretures easily in one step, and the inefficiency is not really important in this segment. The best performance is critical so the resonant working method is important.
So this is a perfectly tuned acoustic system. Actually this prime mover one as a desktop engine only a randomly auto tuned one.
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See You Soon!
BLADE

[@AttilaBlade]

Do you want more infos about my work? 🔥Join my channel as a MEMBER via my community section! kzbin.infocommunity Check it out! If you don't want to be a member but you would like to support my efforts don't hesitate to use the Super THANKS button under my videos! 🙏 If you want more informations and exclusive contents BUT NOT on youtube, please support my work on Patreon 👌: www.patreon.com/bladeattila

[@boogieknee3781]

Thanks a lot. I had been reading up on the subject for an hour. I was having trouble visualising the effect,until now. Playing this in slo mo was very helpful.

[@AttilaBlade]

Your welcome BK! :) Thanks for your feedback! BLADR

[@alijabari8715]

somebody someone pays real attention to the real technology :)

[@toc1955]

Thanks for your detailed instructions in all your videos. Your work is excellent!!

[@AttilaBlade]

Thank you very much! :) Your welcome!

[@Ikkjuska]

It does works! Thanks for video!

[@AttilaBlade]

Your welcome Jan! I'm happy with your feedback! Thanks very much! BLADE

[@warriorpuppy]

Creative and Neat 👍

[@AttilaBlade]

Thank you very much! :) BLADE

[@gunderwoodfrank5517]

Excellent work! I am a junior Ph.D. student studying thermoacoustics, and I found this video quite interesting! Thank u

[@AttilaBlade]

Thermoacoustics is a really interesting and complex area of physics. What's will be your Ph.D. theme in the thermoacoustic segment if it's public? BLADE

[@asdwee4444]

Gratulalok Attila . Nagyon erdekes kiserlet ami sok munkaval jar. Koszonjuk hogy megosztod a tudasodat. Sok sikert tovabb

[@AttilaBlade]

Köszönöm szépen Lénárd! Annyi, de annyi mindent szeretnék még megvalósítani! Ezernyi kísérlet, ötlet, sok-sok kipróbált, működő dolog, amit szeretnék még megosztani, amíg csak lehet. Időm kevés, de próbálok időt szakítani a videókra, ami nagyobb feladat sokszor, mint maga a téma elkészítése. Köszönöm a biztatást! Attila

[@lamamriaissa1165]

goode explication , goode presentation

[@AttilaBlade]

Thanks very much! :)

[@ManualdoMotorStirling]

Mais uma experiência interessante, parabéns. Leandro Wagner.

[@AttilaBlade]

Muito obrigado Leandro!

[@lekman3223]

the principle is like a thermoacoustic engine that uses liquid objects as a piston. liquid piston is simple but a genius. because it has a low frictional force. you are genius.

[@AttilaBlade]

Thanks! :) The liquid piston is really spectacular for desktop heat engines, because not solid, also no crank mechanism and flywheel, so simple. I like to use it, but not my invention... unfortunately, just I really like the "simple as possible" solutions. Anyway, thanks very much your kind words! BLADE

[@stimpyfeelinit]

thats awesome should put a magnet in one of the pistons and a coil around the outside of the tube :^)

[@AttilaBlade]

Yep, that's possible, but few LED could blinking with it actually. :)

[@Lechoslowianin]

An interesting project. I put in "to do" tabs

[@AttilaBlade]

Good! When!? :)

[@jubaermirza3436]

This is cool sir.

[@AttilaBlade]

Thanks very much! One of my favorite from the heat engine topic. Fluidynes are the most underrated engines in the history. BLADE

[@jubaermirza3436]

@@AttilaBlade I love it so much. In future I will try to use it in practical. Thank you very much for share such a beautiful engine with us.

[@AttilaBlade]

@@jubaermirza3436 Your welcome! I hope you will share yours with me! Thanks! BLADE

[@jubaermirza3436]

@@AttilaBlade Of course

[@AttilaBlade]

@@jubaermirza3436 Thanks! :)

[@Throughthebit2000]

Awesome and weird engine Blade! I suppose a few magnets inlayed into those wooden plugs, and a few windings of wire around the U Tubes, might give you a little reciprocating energy for an AC generator? Anyway, it’s a cool machine! Well done.

[@AttilaBlade]

Thanks very much! The only problem is, the engine has low power efficiency. But maybe it is possible to make a little LED lighter.

[@neptarclepuffin]

@@AttilaBlade I think to get more energy out of the system I would put the candle at the end of the tube and put the steel wool (regenerator) to the intake/exhaust of the tube to regenerate rather than to use it as a radiator.

[@juan9812]

Good job but do you need the wood pistons?

[@AttilaBlade]

Thanks! Yes, because on the water top the waves generate a splash, that's create an opposite pressure wave and the engine will stop without that piston.

[@mailomail]

Amazing engine, good job! :) Maybe it would be possible to stick a small magnet to the wooden piston, then wrap a coil around the glass tube and connect it to sine wave generator, in this way the water column inside the glass tube would move up and down but I don`t know if such an "oximoron heat engine" would work as a heat pump when driven in reverse... what do you think? Greetings

[@AttilaBlade]

It could work as heat pump, than we call it pulse tube cooler.

[@mailomail]

thank you!

[@TimeSurfer206]

So, now I'm curious as to what other liquids, and even gasses, and pressures, would do to the power and frequencies. My goal is to find something that I can power with Water at near boiling: Say, 90° C or thereabouts. From an Evacuated Solar Heat Tube setup. I just might play with this, and use Methanol instead of water, et cetera.

[@AttilaBlade]

You can turn down the onset temperature range if you can increase the heat exchanger efficiency also the surface area on both sides. The steam could make some unwaited problems after cooling in the HX parts. I don't really believe in the lower boiling point materials in this unit, but maybe better for high frequency steam acoustic units.

[@Resonanttheme]

I noticed an effect sometimes with putt putt motors, where there's quite a bit of movement of water back and forth in the tube yet seemingly very little flow or thrust at the exhaust end. Sometimes there's a small pocket of air at the exhaust end that stays there or you can lift the motor out of the water and it will still run or cycle if held sideways to keep the water from draining out.. Other times it's a very quick back and forth quivering that also doesn't produce much thrust.

[@AttilaBlade]

Yep, the bubbles are not prefered in narrow tubes, because of the surface tension. Bubbles works like a clogging with high resistance. Hard to take them off.

[@shakesmarley4754]

What is the toxic Hg in this project please and what would be a better Liquid Metal to use sir?

[@AttilaBlade]

Why do you want to use a toxic material for a green project? Your health is the first I think. The answer is, the frequency will drop a lot, the swing/stroke will be higher, no real benefit with dense liquid.

[@HumbleWordsmith]

I can understand the pushing effect, (expansion) due to hot air, but im having difficulty understanding the pulling effect (contraction) how does the air cool fast enough to pull back towards the heat source?

[@derpnerpwerp]

This is what I am saying. Also, the steel wool is being used as a "regenerator" to store heat.. I was trying to figure out how that works.. I think better understanding that might help explain the contraction better. But when I look at it.. I'm just thinking the gas is being heated.. the steel wools getting hot.. everything should just be expanding.. although.. I an also thinking that small nozzle plays a role by separating the 2 chambers the gas can cool faster and the weight of the water would further be pressurizing and cooling it

[@AttilaBlade]

Not all parts are hot. And the gas has an expansion limit in every temperature/pressure, also the water column has a momentum and that pull the gas more than that is expands. The temperature drops with that pressure drops and change the movement of the water piston back. When the gas moving backward the compression heat goes to the steel wool and the gas still cold there in the back side but the moving piston works opposite as the pressure does and start to slow down when equalized. It change the cycle and the compressed gas take back the heat and expand etc... I hope it is helped a bit for You! BLADE

[@poweredbysergey]

Termo-acoustic Metronom with liquid piston ? :)

[@AttilaBlade]

Not really Sergey, no moving displacer in phase with the Power piston as in the Metronome engine. This is a pulse tube engine originally, or thermal lag (vica versa).

[@shakesmarley4754]

If we use a gas we could get it to cryogenic temps?

[@AttilaBlade]

The temperature range is not come from the gas. The cycle and the compression ratio, and also the heat exchange efficiency has much higher effect on it. Also this is an engine config. For a heat pump you should change the cycle.

[@Scott-xo1el]

Can you use aluminium tubing?

[@AttilaBlade]

Aluminium for the U shaped liquid side is no problem. For the heated part that is no good. Maybe a thin wall steel tube from a MOP could substitute the glass heated part.

[@kreynolds1123]

I wonder if a tube and stopper were placed on the right, could the alternating liquid piston drive a temperature gradient.

[@AttilaBlade]

What do you mean? A heat pump? If the liquid moving the engine works like a pulse tube cooler. So if we make a BIG version of it, the ocean/sea water could generate heat also could remove heat from a space. That's my idea in a long time, but we haven't got sea here, so maybe I could make a demo engine only...

[@kreynolds1123]

@@AttilaBlade What do I mean? everything done on the left, do on the right. Except, on the left you have a heat engine driving a liquid piston. On the right you have a liquid piston driving a heat pump. The irony, a candle could be use to make something colder. The source of energy in the demo is a little flame, but the energy could have been concentrated solar. I have this vision of a heat pipe collecting solar energy from a solar evacuated tube. The condenser of the heat pipe gives up its heat to a heat engine. Then where the heat engine dumps its heat, you have a second heat pipe removing heat from the heat engine and radiating the waste heat to the enviroment. This whole process collects energy from the sun, turns it into heat, and the flow of heat energy through the heat engine is what does work on the liquid piston. The heat energy has to flow to be able to do work. This is used for solar hot water. himinsun.com/upload/3613/o/2-2-heat-pipe-solar_1.jpg heat pipe explnation: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHjWnp9_pM59hJo Great explanation. As the working fluid evaporates the latent heat of evaporation takes energy away from the evaporator. Where it condenses, the latent heat of condensation gives up that heat, all while the vaporized working fluid moves from one end of the heat pipe to the other at the speed of sound inside the pipe. The video made one mistake. You dont use alcohols with copper because they interact with copper in hot temperatures. Acetone or water under a partial vacuum is typically used inside a copper heat pipe. Homemade heat pipe: kzbin.info/www/bejne/goaXlqykipuFY5o Now we have the heat engine idea figured out. If we do the same on the other side of the liquid piston but without a solar collector, then we have a heat pump. The bottom heat pipe will get cold as its heat is moved from its evaporator to its condenser. Then the heat pump take that heat and push it to a heat pipe pointing up. This last heat pipe will dump that heat to outside a refrigerator or outside a room. What is neet a out all this is the liquid piston transfers the energy, allowing you to have the heat engine and the heat pump in different locations.

[@AttilaBlade]

OK! If we make a cascade system with more active prime mover as I showed, I mean 3 of them and I use another one in series just as a heat pump, than I have a simple multi core heat driven thermoacoustic loop with one core as a heat pump. The water here is reduce the length of the tube on that low frequency. If we take off the water from this experiment than the engine could works on higher frequency. That we call looped traveling wave Stirling thermoacoustic system.

[@AutoNomades]

@@kreynolds1123 Interesting ! Do you have a plan to undersand better how to refrigirate ? Im trying to cool a insulated box with the heat of the roof in the sun / motor excess heat. Cheers !!

[@kreynolds1123]

@@AutoNomades If your looking at a purely temperature and mechanical way then yes a Stirling engine, or some other related heat engine, can turn heat energy into mechanical energy so as to drive a Stirling heat pump turning mechanical energy into a thermal gradient. Or you might look into absorption chillers. But Blade Attila is much more versed in sterling like engines than I am.

[@dannymcpherson7591]

Could this be scaled up for more power?

[@AttilaBlade]

Yes Danny, this could be bigger, and more powerful, but it has limitation because of the ambient main pressure. BLADE

[@JesFinkJensen]

@@AttilaBlade could you elaborate on this? what would the max size be in your opinion? could the system be closed to increase the pressure?

[@AttilaBlade]

@@JesFinkJensen What do you mean? About limitation? Or your question about the closing possibility?

[@JesFinkJensen]

@@AttilaBlade about the limitation

[@AttilaBlade]

@@JesFinkJensen Ok! An optimal unit has half of the Carnot or Stirling efficiency. Theoretically max. around 18% To pressurise this system is not so possible if the water tube is opened. But if the tube closed then the working frequency increase drastically and the unit want's more heat input. Maybe with a connected reservoir tank on the outer end... We could decrease back the frequency and increase the gas pressure. On the other hands the water has a limited operating frequency where the surface of the water could work well. Probobly with the end-caps I used (I mean wood/plastic pistons) could help a bit. So as you see this type of unit has limitations. What's the goal with it?

[@AttilaBlade]

I made a mistake here at 2:45. The Cycle is Stirling like cycle, not a real Stirling cycle, the PV diagram has much smaller area, and power too, but not Brayton cycle! I don't know, where was my head... maybe I was tired a bit. Anyway, I can't change the subtitle now, sorry! But the regenerator should be rare for a stable working engine. Check the descriptipn below! BLADE

[@Throughthebit2000]

No worries! Both the pressure and volume increase in this machine, unlike the Brayton cycle, where only the volume increases from adding heat. The momentum of the water in the U Tube must be like a fly wheel: lifts the cold side water column past equilibrium, and then compresses the air in the burner tube. Its very interesting to watch. Wonder what was the frequency? I’m an alcohol burner fan, made a few myself, always interested in new ideas!

[@AttilaBlade]

@@Throughthebit2000 Yes, the PV diagram is different, but in this engine has a time shift, relaxation time. This "lag" time gives a frequency via the geometrical parameters as an acoustical resonant engine. So basically this is an acoustically fitted geometry. Every parameter could adjust the frequency. If we could increase the cold temperature somehow, with a good performance heat exchanger between the water piston and the small diameter tube, that could increase the stroke also the frequency. But the frequency is not good for the water level. The water surface has a frequency near by the working frequency and the flushes moves opposite than the piston movements. It is stopped the engine. With the wood piston I could stopped this negative effect but the friction is higher, so the frequency dropped a bit. If those pistons are too tight the engine can not start. If the diameter is small, the water could flush around the edges. But anyway, the engine simple and works well, good for demonstration in the school I think. :) Thanks for your constructive comments! Blade

[@Throughthebit2000]

Blade, maybe a deflated balloon on the cold side U would dampen the oscillations and reduce the splashing? Anyway looks like it would be fun to play with! Thanks for the demo.

[@Resonanttheme]

I have gotten that same quiver effect of the water moving rapidly back and forth on some putt put boat engines I am experimenting with. And it can be quite strong in jiggling the tube yet very little water is pumped out the exhaust end. I always put my fingers near the exhaust end to tell for sure which kind of mode I am in, thrust or an extreme forward and back water column which strangely doesn't throw much water out the exhaust end, but remains inside the tube.

[@Resonanttheme]

I haven't had much luck in getting a simple straight glass tube to sustain in putt putt mode, glass such a poor thermal conductor, but with a 5 cm length of steel wool in the end of a 6.5 mm inside diameter tube about 33 cm long, the basic idea much like your setup, it does pretty good for thrust. I can do this because quartz doesn't mind cold water splashing on its hot surface. It also responds to the heat source in just a few seconds, even initially with the entire tube filled with water, steel wool and all. It tends to rust though but still works. When heated the water is driven away from the wool yet occasionally some splashes it when it gets going fast. I like the energy I get from it. I heat it in the same region as in your video.

[@Resonanttheme]

One thing about putt putt motors is it seems best if there's a high surface area low volume boiler and without soldering something together you always have to worry about overheating and even some low temp solders will fail. So the steel wool is a good way to boost surface area for me with quartz and silicone connections or stoppers, too hot metal damages my glass and metal combinations or where they join if I use metal for the boiler. Maybe steel wool in a metal tube would be another good way to make a simple linear putt putt motor with lots of kick.

[@AttilaBlade]

Yep, the surface area increase the power because of the much faster heat exchanging speed. With water and steam there is a condensation area. The system do not need that high temperature gas flame you use because the overheating. Try to use only a small teacandle or max alcohol burner to it. The heat-up period will slower but when the engine start to run it will more stable if the heat source power will balanced with what the system needs. A better regenerative structure for steam is when the main tube filled with long (5cm) collected SS capillar tubes around 1-2 mm diameter. This structure gives high surface but enough space to the water to moves back and forth. I saw lots of boat racing where the boiler connected with 8 or more tubes to increase the speed. But nobody use regenerative section inside the tubes. With regenerative section the efficiency will increse drastically, and the power too and the heat source could be lower then now. This unit is a hybrid System where the gas and the steam is working together, but the cycle speed is low with the big U tube. The tube curve and diameter tune the speed of the system here, and it could work much lower temperature. Maybe if you can build a hybrid from this one combine with put-put, I mean the hot section has some tubes that somehow connected to the water directly on that side, then we have two system in one unit. And these are works as a double acting system... Maybe...

[@Resonanttheme]

@@AttilaBlade I made a video a few days ago and just now posted it which kind of shows the unstable results. In another trial I blasted it with heat and it really got going pumping water like crazy but the stronger water cycle kept quenching the heated region, I couldn't dump enough heat into it to sustain that powerful effect. So this is what I got just trying to get some sort of stable motion.

[@Resonanttheme]

I don't know even if I could put in more heat if it would run steady for more than a few seconds but it can get going very fast and then the water jumps too far up the tube and cools down the hot region so much it takes time to rebuild the feedback or sometimes the effect is entirely lost and won't come back. To paraphrase what someone said these type of engines have a mind of their own, some days running better or worse. This video doesn't show it going super fast or kicking up a lot of water at the exhaust end, just ordinary up and down speed for the most part. If you feel at the exhaust end not very much flow is felt even though there is a lot of motion in the tube. kzbin.info/www/bejne/rnPJlYR-Zp2Ug6M

[@IvoTichelaar]

Like a put-put boat?

[@AttilaBlade]

Not really! The put-put boat works with steam and condensation. Here we have a regenerative thermoacoustic resonance with standing wave coupled with water piston as weight on the working gas spring.

[@Maxim.Teleguz]

Put a weight on the right side.

[@AttilaBlade]

Yep, I never try that, but that will make higher pressure swing also higher stroke here and the water is not really like that without splashing, but the engine will get a higher torque. Thanks for your comment! If you try it, just leave me a link for that! Greetings from Hungary! BLADE

[@wolfgangouille]

Not really an engine if you can't extract work from it.

[@AttilaBlade]

:) How do you define an ENGINE?

[@superliegebeest544]

Now if the 2 corcs would have a magnet and outside the tube u mount a coil. It could produce electricity. Have the sun heat it, or make hydrogen with those new solar panels that can make H and u store enough to burn 24/7

[@slomnim]

new solar panels that make "H" ? do you mean hydrogen?