China's Moon Secret Revealed // Starship Success // The Real Asteroid Danger

SpaceX Starship launches again. Webb finds methane in the atmosphere of an exoplanet and reveals a star-forming region near the center of the Milky Way. The overwhelming logistics of dealing with an asteroid threat.
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00:00 Intro
00:16 Starship Second Flight
www.universetoday.com/164331/...
04:36 JWST finds methane on an exoplanet
www.universetoday.com/164405/...
06:27 JWST looks into Milky Way's center
www.universetoday.com/164355/...
08:11 Secret Chinese payload
www.universetoday.com/164379/...
10:02 Vote results
• Mars Samples By 2031 /...
11:00 More plutonium for NASA
www.universetoday.com/164407/...
13:29 Missing Spiral Galaxies
durham.ac.uk/news-events/late...
15:01 Q&A Show
• Questions and Answers ...
16:50 Zone of Avoidance
www.universetoday.com/164328/...
18:21 Real Danger of an Asteroid Threat
www.universetoday.com/164378/...
Host: Fraser Cain
Producer: Anton Pozdnyakov
Editing: Artem Pozdnyakov
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[@user-bz3qf2no7i]

Really looking forward to the rocket chat in a couple of days. Three youtubers I enjoy on the one video discussing a topic I love? Yes please.

[@musicman2001]

Really enjoy your shows as always great stuff!

[@Skoran]

4:24 Getting the band back together :D. Looking forward to that conversation.

[@millennialfalcon1547]

Is the KZbin algorithm monitoring my brain? Frasier, Marcus House, and Scott Manley are basically the main space KZbinrs I watch. Cool that they are getting together.

[@NovaDeb]

I agree!😊

[@frasercain]

Again. :-)

[@jonpaton4449]

I think we can agree that some governments would act very aggressively with an asteroid impact

[@scene2much]

Among those some well placed idiots will find a way to corruptly make a profit with the philosophy that "There will be enough of Earth Left to spend my money!"

[@Scorch428]

We'd have to send The Rock to punch it

[@noahway13]

Some nations have been very aggressive and attacked another nation even now without the other drama

[@kypickle8252]

WASP-80b also has the official name Wadirum, named by the IAU in the NameExoWorlds competition. I remember you saying you'd like to see exoplanets get official names, and this one has one

[@kparker2430]

Wadirum, locals know it as Wadi and themselves as Rum, hence a no brainer for the judges. ( Or has some Indian guy slipped half his name into cosmic canon )

[@holographicman]

YES!! Marcus and Scott are awesome, cant wait! 😊

[@AndersWelander]

Looking forward to the chat about flight test 2. Awesome.

[@d.t.4523]

Thank you. Keep working, good luck to you.

[@samswilly14]

That’s one thing I love about Space X, they live stream all their stuff, and they aren’t afraid to fail because they learn and adapt from their mistakes. They’re doing and will continue to do amazing things, big fan of there’s!

[@jaym5938]

Perhaps they're not afraid to show their failures because that is now the 'norm'? Especially for sociopaths like Musk who doesn't feel he should have to care if things go wrong. How will he respond if/when people lose their lives when things go wrong. Will you praise him for it then?

[@Raz.C]

The Zone of Avoidance chat just reminded me of Futurama!! With their Death Zones and Zones of No Return, etc... There's a Whole New Season of Futurama out there now!!! It's alternatively called Season 8 by some and called season 11 by others. I don't know what the difference is, but I honestly don't freakin' care~!!! The only bit that I care about is that there are brand-spankin' NEW episodes of Futurama available to enjoy!!!!

[@jasonsinn9237]

How is JWST's overall health right now? Any more micrometeoroid impacts? Any reaction wheel failures? How's my baby boy!?

[@ronald3836]

I can´t really answer your questions, but I believe JWST is now always directed with its back towards the direction of travel, which should make a big difference.

[@deSloleye]

Reaction wheels are now ceramic so they shouldn't fail the way they used to. Only new causes of failure from now on....

[@bbbenj]

Thanks for these news 📰

[@Chris.Davies]

You have a very nice natural voice, Fraser, and I like that you generally keep your volume down, so that your natural voice can resonate correctly inside your skull. Your euphonious speaking voice makes it a pleasure not only to watch your videos, but to listen as well. Thank you.

[@antonywooster6783]

I would second that. And thank you for being a human, who understands his script! I get so sick of videos with robots reading scripts that ,of course, they do not understand and hence bungle in various ways.

[@Allan_aka_RocKITEman]

Great video, Fraser...👍

[@millie_willcox__]

Great video!

[@WhitstableMusic]

Hi Fraser, love the Q&A videos, I have one which occurred to me today while looking back over black hole videos. Would a civilisation that lived in a suitably placed part of a galaxy be able to use the jets from black holes or quasars to power up their light sails? It seems plausible as a device for science fiction, but could it be an actual use case in some galactic locations? Cheers, Chris

[@MrAluntus]

Hey Fraser, I love your shows, thank you. I have a question. How many years do you think we are from being able to utilize an electromagnetic shielding instead of heat tiles on vehicles that need to re-enter the atmosphere from orbit?

[@ReinReads]

The other solution is to slow down enough in orbit so that entering an atmosphere will not generate the amount of heat that requires shielding. Either way a large amount of energy will be required. Neither is practical until nuclear powered spacecraft become common.

[@jeffreyknutson]

MAN-O-MAN, I LOVE THIS STUFF!!!!

[@DonaldHolben]

The flight went very well!

[@infinitemonkey917]

Best place for space cadet news.

[@Flowmystic]

Thanks Fraser and team. I need to make a better effort to attend these live shows .

[@Pouya..]

Simply the beat channel about cosmology and space. Thanx for all the accurate information

[@johndoepker7126]

I can't wait for the new QnA this Monday....(11-27-2023) so much has happened in such a short time over the past few days, weeks, that a couple hrs a week of news an answers....from you....gives me my FIX....🤟

[@MeMe-dx6vy]

Really cool interesting how when spiral galaxies collide they form vertical galaxies like k87. Really enjoy your KZbin channel very educational..

[@ronald3836]

I like how Starship now looks as beautiful as in the animations.

[@jeremiefaucher-goulet3365]

Same happened to me. Except I had 15 minutes to log on my laptop and watch the launch live.

[@gringo1723]

Dealing with Asteroid collisions is without doubt of the most importance.

[@leecheshire4084]

Thanks!

[@oldmech619]

The 2nd stage exhaust flipped the booster. You can see in the video how it tumbles faster as the exhaust hits it. That caused the fuel to slosh. The sloshing fuel caused the boost pumps to blow up. 2:34

[@ronald3836]

The booster went super nova 🙂

[@oldschoolman1444]

Definitely have some timing issues to work out with the stage separation.

[@oldmech619]

@@oldschoolman1444 They may need to shut down the booster after stage separation then wait for the fuel tanks to stabilize before restarting. The booster is basically in a free fall. The reason they wanted to keep some of the engines running was for thrust to keep the fuel where it should be to feed the pumps. This was so the booster does not have to wait to do the boostback burn to return to “base” otherwise it keeps flying down range.

[@alfavulcan4518]

@@ronald3836it was absolutely beautiful in the early morning light, like a constantly flowering rose. Best launch I’ve ever seen

[@absalomdraconis]

​@@oldmech619 : I'm thinking they should add a single massively smaller engine for their constant thrust, so they can maintain thrust with "almost no" fuel consumption. It should get them most of the benefits of keeping those three center engines on, with far easier engineering requirements.

[@CyberiusT]

Hmm. I'm sub'd, with full notifactions turned on, but I've never had en email about this channel at all. Not any channel until recently, but the list of those I have had notifications is still less than a half dozen, and I'm sub'd to more than 60 channels in total.

[@Raz.C]

I didn't understand the pop-up tiefling, until I watched a 2nd time and was able to see that she was carrying a lute. Once I saw that, I was then able to hear that "barred" matched "bard" and that we were looking at a tiefling bard. Perhaps it was Alfira from BG3, even...

[@cloffears]

Its called learning. We:ll get there😊

[@unnilnonium]

Thank you for all you do, Fraser! You're a hero! I have a few questions unrelated to the video: First, the set up.... The stars, Sirius and Procyon, both have been found to have white dwarf companions. Procyon A is a spectral class F5 star 11.4 ly away, with about 1.5 solar masses and is estimated to be 1.8 billion years old. Procyon B has a mass of about .6 suns. Sirius A is a spectral type A0 star 8.7 ly away, with about 2.1 solar masses and is estimated to be about 250 million years old. Sirius B has a mass of about 1 sun. If the main sequence stars formed at the same time as their white dwarf companion progenitors, then those white dwarf stars must have been more massive, as main sequence stars, than the remaining counterparts, and Sirius B, so massive to have died within 250 million years of formation. I'd like to know how the orbital dynamics changed as the remaining main sequence star transitioned from being the less massive to the more massive of the two. Can the WD masses be used to determine the main sequence lifespan of the WD progenitor star - that is, how old the star was when it died? And therefore, in these cases, how long ago they died? Have any remnants of their planetary nebulae been found? And can we also determine the "lifespan," or duration, of their planetary nebulae, and therefore a relationship between progenitor star mass and speed of nebula dispersal (and, I suppose, the angular size those nebulae would have achieved by now if we could still see them)? Side-note: given the angular separation between Procyon and Sirius, and after a little trig, I estimated that they are roughly 4 light years from each other. Since they are at similar distances from us, it is interesting to see that the stretch of sky between them actually shows what 4 light years looks like at that distance.

[@Slikx666]

Fraser. Did you see the video that Astronomy Live took of the Starship incident? You'd love it. 😄

[@maximkoleda2596]

Umm... Why did you put the image of m87 while talking about Sagittarius? The compiled zoom-out image is pretty, but a bit misleading:))))

[@michaelblacktree]

The "Zone of Don't Bother" sounds very Canadian. 😛

[@arnelilleseter4755]

Question for Q&A: If an interstellar object (like Oumuamua) was on a collision course with Earth. How soon would we be able to detect it, and how big would the impact be? Would it be a planet killer? I realize that the chances are astronomical (litarally), but it's a fun thought experiment.

[@johncarlaw8633]

How soon, can stretch out to happenstance, a lucky observation. Detection depends on what approach angle, chance of a telescope looking there and seeing anything unusual. Albedo of object, shape and orientation, obscured or overlooked, many things. Planet killer...what do you mean? A small Chicxulub range 100km Global mass extinction event crater, flip and melt most of the crustal rocks - erase all life, or larger? Oumuamua when found would have been 10 days warning, retrospective data if noticed 5 days more. It wasn't exactly shining or generating a comet tail to show up and was already heading outward from the sun. Estimated 100-1000 metres , plate-like, 50 kps, about 10,000 megatons impact, depending where it hit from disaster to catastrophic, not global extinction. The impact energy has a wide range wrt 'planet killer' depending on angle. The Earth orbits the sun at 30kps, a near headon impact of a smaller object has much greater energy and smaller means less warning time. Approximate detection a good chance of 500m 1 AU with 40 days lead time at 40 kps. For an interstellar object impact comparable to the Chicxulub impactor energy, 10 km diameter at 20 kps, 72,000,000 Megatons it has a high chance it could be spotted a year or two out, perhaps more. Or it could whip around from behind the sun and have a month or less warning. Practically no time to do anything, still maybe enough to deflect it a bit if prepared. Earth is a tiny target and very roughly 150 million to one that any random object that happens to pass through the inner solar system is going to be in the same place as Earth at the same time. Only need to shift the intersection a few thousand km or a few hundred seconds, possibly a lot less if it is only just going to touch by a few km. Of course touch = full impact energy delivered to planet. And you need pretty good instruments for tracking and prediction to be able to decide whether it will miss by a gnats whisker before everyone decides which doomsday movie they want to re-enact. I suspect just the media reaction knowing Oumuamua was going to hit in a couple of weeks would be more damaging than the damage when it hit. Odds are it is hitting in deep water, it isn't all that big really, sucks to be near the coast.

[@arnelilleseter4755]

@@johncarlaw8633 Wow, that was a thorough answer. What I meant with planet killer was extinction of all life. I was thinking of a head on impact with the fastest possible relative speed. I assume interstellar objects have quite a bit more velocity than a common asteroid (and asteroids orbit the Sun in the same direction as the Earth so a perfect head on collision will never happen) so the impact energy would be equally massive.

[@milferdjones2573]

they rare enough chance of hitting extremely low. But your right they traviling way faster. Rogue Planets, Brown Dwarf or Black holes are also possible but chances of all so small it not really worth worrying about. It the in system stuff that is way more likely to hit. @@arnelilleseter4755

[@Scorch428]

@@arnelilleseter4755 would most likely hit water, and cause tsuanamis near the countries that it hit. Would not have been fun. Which is why we should start getting serious in a defense/monitoring system in the next 50 years or so.

[@TibbersandTvStatc]

Nice background its pretty

[@edvolve]

Question: Have we seen anything else from DKIST? Some years ago we got 5 seconds of glory from a time lapse. Nothing else I've seen since.

[@StubbyPhillips]

Kind of sad to watch something as spectacular as that on a little phone screen.

[@michaelkeefer5674]

For really long duration missions can use americium 241. Would need about 4 times as much as plutonium 238 for the same power level at the start, but it would last about 4 times as long.

[@thebigerns]

Hey Fraser, what will you do when there are multiple JWST class telescopes flooding us with data?

[@EddyKorgo]

To think that every star has planets awaiting to be explored,

[@briankulesz9410]

Cue the Star Trek theme.

[@ylette]

4:23 Yes!!!!

[@HorrorMakesUsHappy]

Hey Fraser! I saw something recently that said that we're now seeing something like 12x as many exoplanets (or extra-solar planets?) as we thought there were. If 27% of the mass in the universe is Dark Matter, how much of that is now attributed to these new exoplanets? And is this new estimate triggering us to re-examine our estimates of other types of matter?

[@MichaelWinter-ss6lx]

Forget it. Our 8 planets are not even 1% of the mass in our solar system. Again the asteroid belt is only about 2% the mass of a single planet. Examine the reason why dark matter was postulated: this would in reality throw the stars out their orbits and no galaxy could exist. Face it, they dont get the three-body-problem. Now the three-trillion-body problem laughs at them. It really came in handy, that StarWars got popular at the time. Beware the dark side. 🚀🏴‍☠️🎸

[@Astromath]

Exoplanets don't contribute any noteworthy amount of mass to the total mass of the universe. Most of the mass is contributed by interstellar and intergalactic gas and dust

[@jcollins8639]

Is it just me? Or does the thrust on the first stage look a little offset from center line of the rocket? Please explain if there is a reason.

[@1Meter]

It needs to compensate and adjust for the earth's spin

[@glyngreen538]

Also it may have gone up at a bit of an angle to be over the launch pad for less time. If it were to fail in the early portion of flight and crash back down better to move it away as the destruction of the pad would be very bad for the programme.

[@antonywooster6783]

I have a question. If one wants to terraform Mars, presumably one would need to give it a "prothetic" magnetic system to protect it from the solar wind. One could, presumably, with a lot of work(!), wrap a cable around the equator and pass a current through it. (Possibly with three solar power stations spaced at equal intervals around the equator.) How many ampere-hours would it need to produce a magnetic field comparable to the Earth's magnetic field and how much power would that take? (Assuming reasonable values.)

[@Danboi.]

Could the Heat from Starship separation and G-Forces from the sudden rotation over pressurize the tanks overwhelming the pumps and boosters maybe?

[@MARILYNANDERSON88]

I heard that if any type of unplanned event occurs (if things do not go as planned) the rocketry is made to explode high in the sky to reduce damage on ground. It had problems so self destructed.

[@Danboi.]

@@MARILYNANDERSON88 yes, in the videos it looks like a couple boosters went out after recognition and one or two blew.

[@BennyKleykens]

Kewl. a succes. Let's put some astronauts in it next! What? Can't find any? Why?!?

[@spindoctor6385]

There would be plenty of volunteers.

[@_shadow_1]

Ah yes, the new and improved V2. Now with less explosions

[@FunkySpaceLord]

🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@WestOfEarth]

Do we know how the bar in barred galaxies form?

[@SeaTacDelta]

7:52 Curious how dense the molecular clouds are around SagC? How to they compare to other regions as far as density and opacity? /s It it still gassy and light or are we swimming through Hydrogen soup? /s I'm assuming these regions will eventually collapse and form more stars. Are we talking 5 or 5m stars?

[@cccc7006]

you can't possibly accuse China of lying?! a country that has a long history of integrity and telling the truth!!

[@NovaDeb]

LOL😂😂😂😂😂

[@hughstan1]

Uh huh? Is that sarcasm I’m detecting? Unless there is more than one China. LOL 😂

[@owenspears8662]

​​@@hughstan1haha I see what you did there😅 -700 social credit score points

[@lordgarion514]

AND the American government hasn't been caught countless times itself??

[@lorenzoblum868]

Ignorance always triggers Dunning-Kruger effect... Edit, Ignorance OFTEN triggers D-K effect.

[@Sq7Arno]

What you want to divert asteroids is a largish mass driver. Not one to shoot stuff at the asteroid, but one to land on the asteroid, deploy an anchoring array (something like a large inverted umbrella). A decent array of solar panels. And then to have automated drones collect material from the asteroid to feed into the mass driver. Which then catapults the collected material to provide thrust in a direction that would lead the object to miss the planet. It's a twofer. You divert, and you reduce the object's mass at the same time. So however gradually - The effort becomes easier and easier.

[@THX..1138]

The Booster was not supposed to turn off it's engines. Thus Musk's never stop thrusting pun. Nor was it supposed do summersaults. Until it finished the burn back maneuver the 3 center engines were supposed to stay lit. My guess is the hot staging is what caused the loss of both vehicles and we will see a lot of changes to the hot staging scenario for the next launch. Probably the most obvious change we will see will be a redesign of the hot staging ring.

[@Darisiabgal7573]

Unlikely, the orbiter had a problem with oxygen containment, its likely that one of the turbines malfunctioned, or the seal lost containment. This is a mechanical QC issie.

[@dogprowilhelm7630]

Great video Frasier. It's a triumph for the SpaceX Starship making it to space, another learning curve like Falcon 1 and that took 4 launches before true success. Depleted Plutonium seems the most reliable compact power source of choice for NASA. I'd like to see the new C-14 diamond chips paralleled for higher gain in power good for 5K years.

[@jssomewhere6740]

Isn't there some extremely large spirals out there? Not that it really matters, but it seems interesting that huge spirals exist yet so many are elliptical. Is it the angle of the interaction combined with the speed of both galaxies? Could that happen? Elliptical is probably better for the idea of sub light expansion, cuz the distances may, ( may ) be a little less along with the diffrent movements caused by the change of motion, but it would be interesting ( i wanted to say cool but channeled my inner Spock instead )to become part if a very unique form of galaxy and understand why?

[@MARILYNANDERSON88]

I think about this spiral effect on rocketry and examine foxtail plants drilling mechanism, as above so below.

[@zacchaeusmartin8685]

Part of me thinks this is beyond their capabilities. Yet, i still think they have to keep trying.

[@AdrianBoyko]

“Ancient Chinese Secret!” “My husband, some moonshot 🙄”

[@zapfanzapfan]

Interesting with the Chinese booster. Maybe something failed to deploy from the booster. One crater from the engine section (dense part of a rocket) and one crater from whatever payload at the other end of the stage that didn't separate.

[@RoryJamesFord-rn9yu]

Hi Fraser! The today I saw a grid of pictures of the sun, each taken at the same time, but each was in different spectrums, and I wondered if this was available for a shot of our nights sky, with all the wavelengths side by side. Can you help?

[@milescunha5286]

I wonder how a comparison be from searching for houses and places on google earth compared to searching for places and objects in our galaxy and then outside our galaxy. Also why or why wouldn’t it be beneficial for more and more people to start looking as citizen astronomers.

[@mknochel]

Is the universe at least 1000x larger than the visible universe in length, meaning at least a billion times more volume?

[@kenkahn138]

Has anybody crunched the numbers on the fuel usage versus burn time to calculate approximately how many tons of fuel would have been sloshing around in those tanks at staging and the rapid rate of turn G Forces ect.plus the pressure and flow fluctuations into the engines .sounds like a very baffling problem, but they will figure it out..

[@nicholasmaude6906]

9:06 - Correction, while there's no meaningful atmosphere on the Moon, it does have an exosphere ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_the_Moon ).

[@michaelkeefer5674]

If a hundred meter asteroid was inbound over decade from now, we would wack it with a high velocity impactor. The recent Dart experiment showed you get a LOT more push from a high velocity asteroid impactor than the momentum of the impactor would suggest.

[@AgraFarmsllc]

We really should start using thorium as a power source. Not as hot but we get to scale up

[@BabyMakR]

9:44 How about we land the new Australian lander at these coordinates to investigate?

[@Danboi.]

I also woke up 5min before it launched... Not the first time ive woken right as a launch is a go either 😂. Tuned into thr rocket gods

[@agentdarkboote]

Has the milky way *never* undergone a merger before, or so spiral arms develop over time in elliptical galaxies?

[@minyxa]

Has the James Webb telescope been used to observe Earth in order to calibrate the spectrograph instruments?

[@davehoward22]

No, it cant turn it's heat shield away from the earth and sun .

[@nuwave4328]

How accurately/confidently would we know which continent/region the asteroid would hit?

[@briankulesz9410]

To my understanding, the longer NASA/scientists can monitor an asteroid, the more accurate the calculations.

[@nuwave4328]

@@briankulesz9410Sure, but would we have time to evacuate a region once we have confidence. It could take months.

[@Coridimus]

That anyone can classify this as a success is utterly baffling. There were two vehicle failures, the super-heavy and the test module itself, and no part of it reached high enough for orbital insertion, which was the stated goal. The goal was not reached. Ergo, this was a failure. End of story.

[@caldodge]

Per Elon, the next 4 starships are the last "v1" models. "V2" models will have more fuel and less dry mass.

[@1Meter]

Is there no recordings of the rocket hitting the moon? 🤯🤷🏽‍♂️

[@milferdjones2573]

I don't see any way to predict an impact well enough to actually evacuate and area in any long time amount of way.

[@KenFullman]

If a 500m asteroid hit the earth there would be consequences for the entire planet. The issue is that, depending on where it's going to hit, not everyone will cooperate with plans to mitigage it's impact. The best case scenario would be for it's impact zone to be somewhere in the USA. This would ensure that the most capable nation (in terms of finance and technical resourses) would be totally focused on a solution.

[@greggweber9967]

10:00 If someone lied, then how long until you believe what is said?

[@tinatieden8499]

WOW !!!! I was like when did Aaron Smith Levin make a new channel. LOL HOLY are you related to him? WOW JUST WOW !

[@frasercain]

Nope no relation.

[@timpointing]

Not sure why Monty Python (13:25 "a nudge is as good as w wink to a blind man") popped into the top left of the video. And, is that supposed to be a Shakespearean actor in the lower right at 13:36 as Fraser talks about the Milky Way being a Barred ("Bard") spiral?

[@fraliexb]

12:50 1 pound is 448 grams FYI

[@Particleman50]

Are you suggesting that Trappist-1 d will have methane? :O ......I have a feeling you got some early information from your connections within the industry... Its ok.. you can officially tell us when the information is released to the public. ;)

[@frasercain]

I wish I had advanced knowledge. 😔

[@BooDamnHoo]

It seems to me that it is a bad idea to use so many rocket motors like superheavy does. The more engines, the greater chance of something going wrong. If think it would be better to use fewer larger motors.

[@steveo6034]

Falcon Heavy uses 27+1, never had a failure.

[@mehashi]

Finer thrust control and additional redundancy seem to outweigh the added complexity.

[@shockslice7632]

Are infrared backyard telescopes a thing? If not, why not?

[@JeffCounsil-rp4qv]

Our atmosphere absorbs and blocks the IR in the frequencies needed.

[@TiagoTiagoT]

06:42 Is that shape going to the right a jet coming from Sag A* ?

[@duckrutt]

No it's the visible jet from M87

[@TiagoTiagoT]

@@duckrutt Oh, I thought he was talking about Sag A*

[@duckrutt]

@@TiagoTiagoT He was. I think the Event Horizon team released a picture of Sgr A* and not a cool zoom animation so maybe that's why it got used?

[@jonny555ive]

What/Why would China slam into the moon ? Anyone have some good answers ?

[@jim.franklin]

There is lays the dilema, as much as possible we should avoid politics, but as Fraser succinctly pointed out, the threat from an asteroid above around 150m becomes political because of how childish political discussions become once they become international. We, as a society, fail to grasp the holistic picture, fail to grasp that events that impact a continent, invariably have a wider global impact. It is not just the looming threat of a meteorite impact impacting an entire region, but the Earth is a living planet and the geological processes driving it can and do have episodes of extreme activity we still have no understanding of, such as flood basalts, flank collapse of huge volcanic edifices, VEI6/7/8 eruptions, Carrington event scale and larger geomagnetic events - nature is a harsh landlady, and unless we, humans, get our act together, we are heading for an unimaginable disaster that will have true global reach and significantly suppress modern society, or totally collapse it. Global catastrophes and mass extinction events are regular incidents in the history of our planet, we ignore them and their future likelihood at our peril.

[@absalomdraconis]

I'm watching 12 hours after the public posting, and I'm not seeing the questionaire. I normally see them 1 to 3 days after the related video, not the same day.

[@terminusest5902]

Generation 4 fission reactors can be used to produce the Plutonium needed by the space industry. Especially the MSR Molten Salt Reactor types. China is now operating an MSR prototype reactor that was developed with US technology and research. The US should have an MSR reactor by 2030. The last US MSR reactor was shut down in 1972 for political reasons. MSR reactors are very interesting. Gen 4 reactors can provide more options for low carbon energy. And could be used by the space industry. Including production of rocket fuel. There are more than 6 types of Gen 4 reactors in development. And has increasing US government support. Gen 4 fission reactors use the natural laws of physics and chemistry to improve safety while reducing waste and cost. And can be small and modular if needed. And can have walk away safety so they will not melt down even without human operators. MSR reactors can also be useful for producing materials for science, medical and industrial uses. There are plenty of resources that are needed for Gen 4 reactor development. And much of the technology already exists. Over a dozen US companies are working on Gen 4 reactors. Plus many more globally.

[@petefluffy7420]

Secret moon. I have never hears of it. Is it one of those most unusual of phenomenon on youtube, something called secret but truly is secret?

[@DA-ti6pc]

or one side of it hit first then the other side which would create two craters

[@uuzd4s]

Lot of historic millestones on this Second StarShip Launch attempt. All 33 Raptors on SuperHeavy Booster 9 making noise thru liftoff to staging, Ground Zero wasn't destroyed, Stage Sep seemingly went Beautifully, all 6 Raptors lit-off on StarShip and it made Sub-orbital altitude and, the Flight Termination Systems worked Really well this time. Not bad for a BFR (big fat racket ; ). I'm looking fwd to news on what SpaceX says about StarShip's demise. That's more of a mystery than SuperHeavy's engine relighting issues after the Hot Stage sep & Flip maneuver likely causing fuel feed issues. And where are the Martin WB-57 Canberra vid's from high altitude ? Give it up SpaceX ! Another aspect of these StarShip launches is that sooner or later a Launch Integration Tower capture will have to be made. Sometime before the 1st launch attempt of SS, I'd heard somewhere that SpaceX had made a request to the CoastGuard to float Landing accuracy measuring equipment for either SH or SS. I'd like to see more on that. None the less, with No property or personal injury reports associated w/ this last launch, maybe the FAA will meet SpaceX's wish to launch again within a month. 🤭

[@cgourin]

Sure they managed not to fail the launchpad witch was last time, let's not forget it, a first in space industry! The hot staging worked magnificently, unless it caused the first stage to blow up beautifully. And the top part blew way higher than last time, so much closer to Mars. At least it's KZbin rated.

[@uuzd4s]

@@cgourin That was edited ? ? WTF, edited to sound like a 4th grader wrote it ?

[@cgourin]

@@uuzd4s Yes, you caught me: I forgot the space after the beginning of a sentence and the dot was interpreted by YT as an URL witch is bad for security reasons to complicated to explain even to an acute 5th grader like you.

[@uuzd4s]

@@cgourin Witch ? Still high from Halloween ?

[@heidihose1895]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/eYXGhICeabuMpdk This is a good video showing issues with Starship spinning & rotating taken by telescope in the Florida Keys. Can see why the flight termination triggered as it just was not recovering.

[@thelastword4616]

We have systems that can track and intercept a missile, but we can't make a system that can track and intercept an asteroid to redirect it?

[@NovaDeb]

If you want an idea of how a huge meteor strike of the Earth would affect us, watch the last two or three seasons of "The Expanse". I believe it was filmed in Canada.

[@frasercain]

Hah, yeah, that.

[@NovaDeb]

😊

[@toms-cubes-and-games]

Interesting, as always. Thanks, Fraser.

[@disinclinedto-state9485]

Another great show, we love your work! Question for the question show: We know a black hole has such strong gravity that light can't escape. We know that over long enough time scale the blackhole will evapourate due to hawking radiation. Therefor it must be losing mass. Therefor, at some point, it will not have gravity strong enough to prevent light escaping. So what do we see at that point? Something similar to a stellar remnant?

[@mmenjic]

9:51 no they did a different kind of test, they tested can you see/notice it, and yes you kind of can but not really, because you did not until it was too late, but then you did so the test successfully failed.

[@mknochel]

Does NASA put radiation warning labels on the RTGs and little plutonium pellets of its spacecraft and rovers, so that future space archeologists don’t get hazardous exposures?

[@richard--s]

It's a great video, thanks! Just a minor detail: 18:53 What's wrong with this so often used animation? ;-) Look how far out of the Earth this simulates the atmosphere. Does it not ring a bell? ;-) With the Earth 's curvature as seen here, the atmosphere might be maybe a 10th or a 20th of the screen width, but not as wide ay the whole animation is ;-) Don't get it? ;-) The asteroid is breaking apart and loosing parts that glow in the atmosphere where in fact there is next to no atmosphere ;-) I get the idea, someone wanted to make this animation to look the way it does and therefore made it this way, but it's just far away from reality ;-) I am sure, I didn't get the error the first few times when I saw this animation, it was in TV documentaries and so on, but one day I got it, like described above. Yes, it looks great, but just... Maybe the original author can pull off a new version where an asteroid is streaking through the sky and is breaking apart. Maybe this time seen from the ground while looking up (looking through tree branches or something to make clear that it's seen from the ground?) or maybe against the horizon, whatever. I still try to rotate the view of the animation in my mind and place the view point of the observer here and there to make it fit somehow, but no, sorry, it doesn't fit... In 20:09 it's the same error, just seen from behind the asteroids. Yes, the discussed topic is a severe topic. Or what if one nation claims to be a bit clumsy and "accidentally" hits an asteroid so that it would crash into the enemy's land...

[@MichaelWinter-ss6lx]

The ISS is at a hight of 400km, and there is still some atmospheric drag sometimes. The glow of the X-15 depended on the angle of re-entry. But if the angle wasnt steep enough, she could bounce off the upper layer of atmosphere, like throwing a pebble over a pond. 🚀🏴‍☠️🎸